R (Mowdy - Meokwf YgVd Jrefrm

r[mowdy|meokwf ygVd jrefrm r[mowdy|meokwf ygVd jrefrm
q|oH*g,emrl
r[mowdy|meokwf
ygVdawmf jrefrmjyef
ALOTAWPYIE BODHISUKHA
BUDDHIST SOCIETY OF AMERICA
1102 KELVIN ROAD

EL SOBRANTE CA, 94803-1013
PHONE:(510) 223-8853
]]edAÁmefa&muf&efowdy|mef}} r[mowdy|meokwf
rmwdum
1/ udavompifaMumif; enf;aumif;trSef?
a[m'DrSmMunfh owdy|mef? ygVdawmf pmrsufESm
0efcHcsufESifh rdefY>rufavjyef?
usifhMuHoHk; vrf;qHk; jynfedAÁmef/ Oa'ó -- -- -- -- -- 1
um,mEkyóem tmemygeyAÁ -- 2
2/ pdk;&drfylaqG; idka<u;vGwf&ef?
um,mEkyóem £&d,myxyAÁ -- 4
a[m'DrSmMunfh owdy|mef? um,mEkyóem orÜZmeyAÁ -- 5
0efcHcsufESifh rdefY>rufavjyef? um,mEkyó y#duv
l reodum&yAÁ -- 6
usifhMuHoHk; vrf;qHk; jynfedAÁmef/ um,mEkyóem "mwkreodum&yAÁ -- 8
3/ udk,fpdwfqif;&J csKyfNrJtrSef? um,mEkyóem e0od0xduyAÁ -- 9
a[m'DrSmMunfh owdy|mef? a0'emEkyóem -- -- -- -- 14
pdwåmEkyóem -- -- -- -- 15
"r®mEkyóem eD0&PyAÁ -- -- -- 17
usifhMuHoHk; vrf;qHk; jynfedAÁmef/ "r®mEkyóem cEÿAÁ -- -- -- 19
4/ t&d,mr*f vSrf;wufzdkY&ef "r®mEkyóem tm,weyAÁ -- -- 21
a[m'DrSmMunfh owdy|mef? "r®mEkyóem aAmZöß*FyAÁ -- -- -- 24
0efcHcsufESifh rdefY>rufavjyef? "r®mEkyóem opöyAÁ -- -- -- 27
usifhMuHoHk; vrf;qHk; jynfedAÁmef/ 'ku©opöeda'ó -- -- -- -- 28
ork',opöeda'ó -- -- -- -- 32
5/ edAÁmefrsufarSmuf qdkufa&mufzdkY&ef?
eda&m"opöeda'ó -- -- -- -- 36
a[m'DrSmMunfh owdy|mef? r*¾opöeda'ó -- -- -- -- 39
usifhMuHoHk; vrf;qHk; jynfedAÁmef/
(uAsm? OD;&dyfomq&mawmf)
r[mowdy|meokwf
rmwdum
jrefrmjyef pmrsufESm
r[mowdy|meokwf tusOf;csKyf -- -- 45
1/ um,mEkyóemowdy|mef
(1) xGufouf0ifoufudk ½Iqifjcifjcif;tydkif; 47
(2) £&d,mykwfudk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; -- 50
(3) owdorÜZOfjzifh qifjcifjcif;tydkif; -- 51
(4) pufqkyfzG,f[k ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif; -- 53
(5) "gwftm;jzifh ESvH;k oGif;jcif;tydkif; -- 56
(6) olaoaumifudk;rsKd;udk ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif; 57
2/ a0'emEkyóemowdy|mef
a0'emudkqifjcifjcif;udk;yg; -- -- 66
3/ pdwåmEkyóemowdy|mef
pdwfudkqifjcifjcif; wpfq,fhajcmufyg; -- 68
4/ "r®mEkyóemowdy|mef
oabmw&m;udk qifjcifjcif;ig;yg; -- 71
(1) eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; 71
(2) cE¨mig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; -- 74
(3) tm,wewpfq,fhESpfyg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; 77
(4) aAmZößifckESpfyg; qifjcifjcif;tydkif; -- 80
(5) opömav;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; -- 85
'ku©t&d,opöm -- -- -- -- 86
'ku©ork', t&d,opöm -- -- -- 92
'ku©eda&m" t&d,opöm -- -- -- 105
'ku©eda&m"*grdeDy#dy'g t&d,opöm -- 110
1 2
earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó tbdZößma'greóH? pdawå pdwåmEkyóD 0d[&wd

tmwmyD orÜZmaem owdrm 0dae,s avmau
r[mowdy|meokwå tbdZößma'greóH? "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd
372/ {0H ar okwH- {uH or,H b*0g tbdZößma'greóH/
uk½lok 0d[&wd ur®mo"r®H emr uk½leH
Oa'áom ed|dawm/
ed*arm/ wMw acg b*0g bdu©L tmraEÅod
- - -
]]bdu©a0g}}wd/ ]]b'áEÅ}}wd aw bdu©L
b*0awm ypöaómoHk/ b*0g {w'a0gp-
um,mEkyóem tmemygeyAÁ
Oa'ó
374/ uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K uma,
um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ £" bdu©a0 bdu©K
373/ {um,aem t,H bdu©a0 ra*¾g
t&n*awm 0g ½ku©rlv*awm 0g oknm*g&-
owåmeH 0dok'¨d,m aomuy&da'0geH orwduú-
*awm 0g edoD'wd yv’uø tmbkZdwGm OZHk
rm, 'ku©a'greómeH tw¬*Frm, Ó,ó
um,H yPd"m, y&drkcH owð Oy|aywGm/
t"d*rm, edAÁmeó opÇädud&d,m,? ,'d'H
aom oawm0 tóowd? oawm0 yóowd/
pwåma&m owdy|mem/
'DCH 0g tóoaEÅm ]]'DCH tóomrD}}wd
uwar pwåma&m/ £" bdu©a0 bdu©K
yZmemwd? 'DCH 0g yóoaEÅm ]]'DCH yóomrD}}
uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd tmwmyD orÜ-
wd yZmemwd? &óH 0g tóoaEÅm ]]&óH
Zmaem owdrm 0dae,s avmau tbdZößm-
tóomrD}}wd yZmemwd? &óH 0g yóoaEÅm
a'greóH? a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd
]]&óH yóomrD}}wd yZmemwd? ]]oAÁum,-
y#doHa0'D tóodómrD}}wd odu©wd? ]]oAÁ-
3 4
um,y#doHa0'D yóodómrD}}wd odu©wd? 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?

]]yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H tóodómrD}}wd ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/
odu©wd? ]]yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H yóodómrD}} ]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
wd odu©wd/ a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówdrwåm,
ao,sxmyd bdu©a0 'au©m bruma&m tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd avmau
0g brum&aEÅ0goD 0g 'DCH 0g tÚäaEÅm Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K uma,
]]'DCH tÓärD}}wd yZmemwd? &óH 0g tÚäaEÅm um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
]]&óH tÓärD}}wd yZmemwd? {0ar0 acg
bdu©a0 bdu©K 'DCH 0g tóoaEÅm ]]'DCH tmemygeyAÁH ed|dwH/
tóomrD}}wd yZmemwd? 'DCH 0g yóoaEÅm - - -
]]'DCH yóomrD}}wd yZmemwd? &óH 0g
tóoaEÅm ]]&óH tóomrD}}wd yZmemwd? um,mEkyóem £&d,myxyAÁ
&óH 0g yóoaEÅm ]]&óH yóomrD}}wd

yZmemwd? ]]oAÁum,y#doHa0'D tóodómrD}} 375/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K *päaEÅm 0g
wd odu©wd? ]]oAÁum,y#doHa0'D yóodóm- ]]*pämrD}}wd yZmemwd? Xdawm0g ]]XdawmrSD}}wd
rD}}wd odu©wd? ]]yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H tó- yZmemwd? edodaEém 0g ]]edodaEémrSD}}wd yZmem-
odómrD}}wd odu©wd? ]]yórÇ,H um,ocFg&H wd? o,maem 0g ]]o,maemrSD}}wd yZmemwd?
yóodómrD}}wd odu©wd/ ,xm ,xm 0g yeó uma,m yPd[dawm
£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD a[mwd? wxm wxm eH yZmemwd/
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD £wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,m-
EkyóD 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð
5 6
0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? £wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD

ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/ 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,m-
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówdrwåm- EkyóD 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,-
,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd o®ð 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð
avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K 0d[&wd? ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð
uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ 0d[&wd/ ]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd
ypöKy|dwm a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm,
£&d,myxyAÁH ed|dwH/ y#dówdrwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e
- - - p udOöd avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0
bdu©K uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
um,mEkyóem orÜZmeyAÁ
orÜZmeyAÁH ed|dwH/
376/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K tbduúaEÅ - - -
y#duúaEÅ orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? tmavmudaw
0davmudaw orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? ordOödaw um,mEkyóem y#dulvreodum&yAÁ
yom&daw orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? oCFm#dywå-
pD0&"m&aP orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? todaw 377/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K £rar0
yDaw cg,daw om,daw orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? um,H O'¨H yg'wvm ta"m auorw¬um
Opöm&yóm0uar® orÜZmeum&D a[mwd? *aw wpy&d,EÅH yl&H emeyÜum&ó tokpdaem
Xdaw edodaEé okawå Zm*&daw bmodaw ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £rorð uma, auom
wkPSDbma0 orÜZmeum&D a[mwd/ avmrm ecg 'EÅm wapm? rHo ESm½k t|d
t|drdOÆH 0uúH? [',H ,ueH udavmurH yd[uH
7 8
yyægoH? tEÅHtEÅ*kPH O'&d,H u&DoH? ydwåH 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?

aorSH ykaAÁm avm[dwH aoa'g ara'g? tók ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/
0om acaVm odCFmPdum vodum rkwå}}EÅd/ ]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
ao,sxmyd bdu©a0 Obawmrkcg a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd-
ykawmVd yl&m emem0d[dwó "nó/ rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd
ao,sxd'H? omvDeH 0D[DeH rk*¾geH rmomeH avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K
wdvmeH w@KvmeH/ wareH pu©Krm yk&daom uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
rkOödwGm ypöa0au©,s ]]£ar omvD £ar 0D[D
£ar rk*¾g £ar rmom £ar wdvm £ar y#dulvreodum&yAÁH ed|dwH/
w@Kvm}}wd/ {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 bdu©K - - -
£rar0 um,H O'¨H yg'wvm ta"m
auorw¬um wpy&d,EÅH yl&H emeyÜum&ó um,mEkyóem "mwkreodum&yAÁ
tokpdaem ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £rorð uma,

auom avmrm ecg 'EÅm wapm? rHo ESm½k 378/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K £rar0
t|d t|drdOÆH 0uúH? [',H ,ueH udavmurH um,H ,xmXdwH ,xmyPd[dwH "mwkaom
yd[uH yyægoH? tEÅHtEÅ*kPH O'&d,H u&DoH? ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £ro®ð uma, yx0D"mwk
ydwåH aorSH ykaAÁm avm[dwH aoa'g ara'g? tók tmayg"mwk awaZm"mwk 0ga,m"mwl}}wd/
0om acaVm odCFmPdum vodum rkwå}}EÅd/ ao,sxmyd bdu©a0 'au©m a*gCmw-
£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD aum 0g a*gCmwuaEÅ0goD 0g *g0ð 0"dwGm
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD pwkr[myax Advaom 0dbZdwGm edodaEém
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,m- tó/ {0ar0 acg bdu©a0 bdu©K £rar0
EkyóD 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð um,H ,xmXdwH ,xmyPd[dwH "mwkaom
9 10
ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £ro®ð uma, yx0D"mwk OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg uma,m {0H"ar®m
tmayg"mwk awaZm"mwk 0ga,m"mwl}}wd/ {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/
£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD £wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð
0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?
ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/ ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/
]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm ]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd- a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd-
rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd
avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K
uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K ao,sxmyd
"mwkreodum&yAÁH ed|dwH/ yaó,s o&D&H od0xdum, q×dwH umau[d
- - - 0g cZÆrmeH ukvav[d 0g cZÆrmeH *daZöß[d 0g
cZÆrmeH uauF[d 0g cZÆrmeH okeac[d 0g
um,mEkyóem e0od0xduyAÁ cZÆrmeH Asa*¢[d 0g cZÆrmeH 'DyD[d 0g cZÆrmeH
od*Fgav[d 0g cZÆrmeH 0d0da'[d 0g ygPu-
379/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K ao,sxmyd Zmaw[d cZÆrmeH/ aom £rar0 um,H
yaó,s o&D&H od0xdum, q×dwH {um[- OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg uma,m {0H"ar®m
rwH 0g 'GD[rwH 0g wD[rwH 0g O'¨KrmwuH {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/
0deDvuH 0dykAÁuZmwH? aom £rar0 um,H
11 12
£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD {0HtewDawm}}wd/ t|dumed ty*worÁE¨med

0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD 'dom 0d'dom 0dcdwåmed? tane [w¬|duH
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD tane yg'|duH tane a*gyæu|duH tane
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð ZCF|duH tane OD½k|duH tane u#d|duH
0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? tane zmoku|duH tane yd#d|duH tane
ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/ cE¨|duH tane *D0|duH tane [Eku|duH
]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm tane 'EÅ|duH tane oDou#m[H/ aom
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd- £rar0 um,H OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg
rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd uma,m {0H"ar®m {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/
avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K £wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K ao,sxmyd 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD
yaó,s o&D&H od0xdum, q×dwH t|du- 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð
ocFvduH orHoavm[dwH ESm½korÁE¨H/ aom 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?
£rar0 um,H OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/
uma,m {0H"ar®m {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/ ]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
t|duocFvduH edrHoavm[dwru©dwH ESm½korÁE¨H a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd-
aom £rar0 um,H OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd
acg uma,m {0H"ar®m {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}} avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K
wd/ t|duocFvduH ty*wrHoavm[dwH uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
ESm½korÁE¨H/ aom £rar0 um,H OyoH[&wd yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K ao,sxmyd
]]t,rÜd acg uma,m {0H"ar®m {0Hbm0D yaó,s o&D&H od0xdum, q×dwH t|dumed
13 14
aowmed ocF0PÖy#dbm*ged/ aom £rar0 a0'emEkyóem

um,H OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg uma,m
{0H"ar®m{0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/ t|dumed 380/ uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K a0'emok
ykOÆudwmed awa&m0ódumed/ aom £rar0 a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd/ £' bdu©a0 bdu©K
um,H OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg uma,m okcH 0g a0'eH a0',rmaem ]]okcH a0'eH
{0H"ar®m {0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/ t|dumed a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/ 'ku©H 0g a0'eH a0'-
ylwDed pkPÖuZmwmed/ aom £rar0 um,H ,rmaem ]]'ku©H a0'eH a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/
OyoH[&wd ]]t,rÜd acg uma,m {0H"ar®m t'ku©rokcH 0g a0'eH a0',rmaem]]t'ku©rokcH
{0Hbm0D {0HtewDawm}}wd/ a0'eH a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/ omrdoH 0g
£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD okcH a0'eH a0',rmaem ]]omrdoH okcH a0'eH
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/ ed&mrdoH 0g okcH
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g uma, um,mEkyóD a0'eH a0',rmaem ]]ed&mrdoH okcH a0'eH
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/ omrdoH 0g 'ku©H a0'eH
0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? a0',rmaem ]]omrdoH 'ku©H a0'eH a0',mrD}}wd
ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd/ yZmemwd/ ed&mrdoH 0g 'ku©H a0'eH a0',rmaem
]]tw¬d uma,m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm ]]ed&mrdoH 'ku©H a0'eH a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd- omrdoH 0g t'ku©rokcH a0'eH a0',rmaem
rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd ]]omrdoH t'ku©rokcH a0'eH a0',mrD}}wd
avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K yZmemwd/ ed&mrdoH 0g t'ku©rokcH a0'eH
uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ a0',rmaem ]]ed&mrdoH t'ku©rokcH a0'eH
a0',mrD}}wd yZmemwd/ £wd tZößwåH 0g
e0od0xduyAÁH ed|w
d H/ a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g
pk'ó um,mEkyóem ed|dwm/
a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g
15 16
0g a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd/ oHcdwåH 0g pdwåH ]]oHcdwåH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/

ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g a0'emok 0d[&wd? 0du©dwåH 0g pdwåH ]]0du©dwåH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
0,"r®mEkyóD 0g a0'emok 0d[&wd? r[*¾wåH 0g pdwåH ]]r[*¾wåH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g a0'emok 0d[&wd/ tr[*¾wåH 0g pdwåH]]tr[*¾wåH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
]]tw¬d a0'em}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm oOwå&H 0g pdwåH ]]oOwå&H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd- tEkwå&H 0g pdwåH ]]tEkwå&H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd orm[dwH 0g pdwåH]]orm[dwH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/
avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K torm[dwH 0g pdwåH ]]torm[dwH pdwå}}EÅd
a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd/ yZmemwd/ 0drkwåH 0g pdwåH ]]0drkwåH pdwå}}EÅd
yZmemwd/ t0drkwåH 0g pdwåH ]]t0drkwåH pdwå}}EÅd
a0'emEkyóem ed|dwm/ yZmemwd/
- - - £wd tZößwåH 0g pdawå pdwåmEkyóD
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g pdawå pdwåmEkyóD
pdwåmEkyóem 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g pdawå pdwåmEkyóD
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g pdwåo®ð
381/ uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K pdawå 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g pdwåo®ð 0d[&wd?
pdwåmEkyóD 0d[&wd/ £" bdu©a0 bdu©K ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g pdwåo®ð 0d[&wd/
o&m*H 0g pdwåH ]]o&m*H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ ]]tw¬d pdwå}}EÅd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
0Dw&m*H 0g pdwåH ]]0Dw&m*H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd-
oa'goH 0g pdwåH ]]oa'goHH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd
0Dwa'goH 0g pdwåH ]]0Dwa'goHH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K
oarm[HH 0g pdwåH ]]oarm[H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ pdawå pdwåmEkyóD 0d[&wd
0Dwarm[HH 0g pdwåH ]]0Dwarm[H pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/ pdwåmEkyóem ed|dwm/
17 18
"r®mEkyóem eD0&PyAÁ
tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/
oEÅH 0g tZößwåH xderd'¨H ]]tw¬d ar tZößwåH
382/ uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok
xderd'¨}}EÅd yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g tZößwåH xderd'¨H
"r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ £" bdu©a0 bdu©K
]]ew¬d ar tZößwåH xderd'¨}}EÅd yZmemwd? ,xm
"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd yOöok eD0&aPok/
p tEkyÜEéó xderd'¨ó OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö
uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD
yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó xderd'¨ó y[meH
0d[&wd yOöok eD0&aPok/
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Deó
£" bdu©a0 bdu©K oEÅH 0g tZößwåH
xderd'¨ó tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö
umrpäE´H ]]tw¬d ar tZößwåH umrpäaE´m}}wd
yZmemwd/
yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g tZößwåH umrpäE´H ]]ew¬d
oEÅH 0g tZößwåH O'¨pöukuúKpöH ]]tw¬d ar
ar tZößwåH umrpäaE´m}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm p
tZößwåH O'¨pöukuúKpö}}EÅd yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g
tEkyÜEéó umrpäE´ó OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö
tZößwåH O'¨pöukuúKpöH ]]ew¬d ar tZößwåH O'¨pö-
yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó umrpäE´ó y[meH
ukuúKpö}}EÅd yZmemwd? ,xm p tEkyÜEéó O'¨pö-
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Deó
ukuúKpöó OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd?,xm
umrpäE´ó tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö
p OyÜEéó O'¨pöukuúKpöó y[meH a[mwd wOö
yZmemwd/
yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Deó O'¨pöukuúKpöó
oEÅH 0g tZößwåH Asmyg'H ]]tw¬d ar tZößwåH
tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/
Asmyga'g}}wd yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g tZößwåH
oEÅH 0g tZößwåH 0dpdudpäH ]]tw¬d ar tZößwåH
Asmyg'H ]]ew¬d ar tZößwåH Asmyga'g}}wd yZmemwd?
0dpdudpäm}}wd yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g tZößwåH 0dpdudpäH
,xm p tEkyÜEéó Asmyg'ó OyÜga'g
]]ew¬d ar tZößwåH 0dpdudpäm}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó
p tEkyÜEém, 0dpdudpäm, OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö
Asmyg'ó y[meH a[mwd wOö yZmemwd?
yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEém, 0dpdudpäm, y[meH
,xm p y[Deó Asmyg'ó tm,wð
19 20
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Dem, yOöok Oyg'geu©aEök/ £" bdu©a0 bdu©K
0dpdudpäm, tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö £wd ½lyH? £wd ½lyó ork'a,m? £wd
yZmemwd/ ½lyó tw¬*Farm/ £wd a0'em? £wd a0'-
£wd tZößwåH 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD em, ork'a,m? £wd a0'em, tw¬*Farm/
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd? £wd onm? £wd onm, ork'a,m? £wd
tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ onm, tw¬*Farm/ £wd ocFg&m? £wd
ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? 0,- ocFg&meH ork'a,m? £wd ocFg&meH tw¬*Farm/
"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? ork',0,- £wd 0dnmPH? £wd 0dnmPó ork'a,m?
"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd/ ]]tw¬d "r®m}}wd £wd 0dnmPó tw¬*Farmwd/
0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm a[mwd ,m0a'0 £wd tZößwåH 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd?
ÓPrwåm, y#dówdrwåm,/ tedódawm p A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd? tZößwå-
0d[&wd? e p udOöd avmau Oyg'd,wd/ A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd/ ork',-
{0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD "r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD
0d[&wd yOöok eD0&aPok/ 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g
"ar®ok 0d[&wd/ ]]tw¬d "r®m}}wd 0g yeó
eD0&PyAÁH ed|dwH/ owd ypöKy|dwm a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm,
- - - y#dówdrwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e
p udOöd avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg
"r®mEkyóem cEÿAÁ
bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd
yOöok Oyg'geu©aEök/
383/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®m-
EkyóD 0d[&wd yOöok Oyg'geu©aEök/ uxOö cEÿAÁH ed|dwH/
ye bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd - - -
21 22
"r®mEkyóem tm,weyAÁ
,xm p tEkyÜEéó oHa,mZeó OyÜga'g
384/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok
oHa,mZeó y[meH a[mwd wOö yZmemwd?
"r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd qok tZößwåduAm[da&ok
,xm p y[Deó oHa,mZeó tm,wð
tm,waeok/ uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K
"ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd qok tZößwådu-
Zd0SOö yZmemwd? &ao p yZmemwd? ,Oö
Am[da&ok tm,waeok/
w'kb,H y#dpö OyÜZÆwd oHa,mZeH wOö yZmemwd?
£" bdu©a0 bdu©K pu©KOö yZmemwd?
½lay p yZmemwd? ,Oö w'kb,H y#dpö OyÜZÆwd
oHa,mZeH wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p tEkyÜEéó
oHa,mZeó OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd?
,xm p OyÜEéó oHa,mZeó y[meH a[mwd
wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Deó oHa,mZ-
um,Oö yZmemwd? azm|aAÁ p yZmemwd? ,Oö
eó tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/
aomwOö yZmemwd? oa'´ p yZmemwd?
,Oö w'kb,H y#dpö OyÜZÆwd oHa,mZeH wOö
yZmemwd? ,xm p tEkyÜEéó oHa,mZeó
OyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p
OyÜEéó oHa,mZeó y[meH a[mwd wOö
yZmemwd? ,xm p y[Deó oHa,mZeó
reOö yZmemwd? "ar® p yZmemwd? ,Oö
tm,wð tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/
CmeOö yZmemwd? *aE¨ p yZmemwd? ,Oö
23 24
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó "r®mEkyóem aAmZöß*FyAÁ

,xm p y[Deó oHa,mZeó tm,wð 385/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok
tEkyÜga'g a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/ "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd owåok aAmZößa*Fok/ uxOö
£wd tZößwåH 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD ye bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd
0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD owåok aAmZößa*Fok/
0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD £" bdu©a0 bdu©K oEÅH 0g tZößwHå owd-
0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok oarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d ar tZößwåH owdoarÁmZößa*Fg}}
0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? wd yZmemwd? toEÅH 0g tZößwåH owdoarÁmZöß*ø
ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd/ ]]ew¬d ar tZößwåH owdoarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd?
]]tw¬d "r®m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm ,xm p tEkyÜEéó owdoarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g
a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówdrwåm,/ a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó
tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd avmau owdoarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd
Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok wOö yZmemwd/
"r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd qok tZößwåduAm[da&ok oEÅH 0g tZößwHå "r®0dp,oarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d
tm,waeok/ ar tZößwåH "r®0dp,oarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd?
toEÅH 0g tZößwåH "r®0dp,oarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar
tm,weyAÁH ed|dwH/ tZößwåH "r®0dp,oarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm
- - - p tEkyÜEéó "r®0dp,oarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g
"r®0dp,oarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd
wOö yZmemwd/
25 26
oEÅH 0g tZößwHå 0D&d,oarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d yó'¨doarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd

ar tZößwåH 0D&d,oarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? wOö yZmemwd/
toEÅH 0g tZößwåH 0D&d,oarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar oEÅH 0g tZößwHå orm"doarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d
tZößwåH 0D&d,oarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm ar tZößwåH orm"doarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd?
p tEkyÜEéó 0D&d,oarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g toEÅH 0g tZößwåH orm"doarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó tZößwåH orm"doarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm
0D&d,oarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd p tEkyÜEéó orm"doarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g
wOö yZmemwd/ a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó
oEÅH 0g tZößwHå yDwdoarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d orm"doarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd
ar tZößwåH yDwdoarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? wOö yZmemwd/
toEÅH 0g tZößwåH yDwdoarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar oEÅH 0g tZößwHå Oayu©moarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d
tZößwåH yDwdoarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm ar tZößwåH Oayu©moarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd?
p tEkyÜEéó yDwdoarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g toEÅH 0g tZößwåH Oayu©moarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó tZößwåH Oayu©moarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm
yDwdoarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd p tEkyÜEéó Oayu©moarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g
wOö yZmemwd/ a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó
oEÅH 0g tZößwHå yó'¨doarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d Oayu©moarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D
ar tZößwåH yó'¨doarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? a[mwd wOö yZmemwd/
toEÅH 0g tZößwåH yó'¨doarÁmZöß*ø ]]ew¬d ar £wd tZößwåH 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD
tZößwåH yó'¨doarÁmZößa*Fg}}wd yZmemwd? ,xm 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd?
p tEkyÜEéó yó'¨doarÁmZöß*Fó OyÜga'g tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd/
a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd?
0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd? ork',
27 28
0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd/ ]]tw¬d 'ku©opöeda'ó
"r®m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm a[mwd

387/ uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©H t&d,opöH/
,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówdrwåm,/
Zmwdyd 'ku©m? Z&myd 'ku©m? r&PrÜd 'ku©H?
tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd avmau
aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,momyd 'ku©m?
Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok
tyÜda,[d orÜa,ma*gyd 'kau©m? yda,[d
"r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd owåok aAmZößa*Fok/
0dyÜa,ma*gyd 'kau©m? ,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd
aAmZöß*FyAÁH ed|dwH/
'ku©H? oHcdawåe yOöKyg'geu©E¨m 'ku©m/
- - - 388/ uwrm p bdu©a0 Zmwd/ ,m awoH
awoH owåmeH wrSd wrSd owåeduma, Zmwd
"r®mEkyóem opöyAÁ oOÆmwd MouúEÅd tbdedAÁwåd cE¨meH ygwkbma0g
tm,wemeH y#dvmabm/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0
386/ yke py&H bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok Zmwd/
"r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd pwlok t&d,oapöok/ 389/ uwrm p bdu©a0 Z&m/ ,m awoH
uxOö ye bdu©a0 bdu©K "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD awoH owåmeH wrSd wrSd owåeduma, Z&m
0d[&wd pwlok t&d,oapöok/ £" bdu©a0 ZD&Pwm c@dpöH ygvdpöH 0vdwåpwm tm,kaem
bdu©K ]]£'H 'ku©}}EÅd ,xmblwH yZmemwd? oH[med £È´d,meH y&dygaum/ t,H 0kpöwd
]]t,H 'ku©ork'a,m}}wd ,xmblwH yZmemwd? bdu©a0 Z&m/
]]t,H 'ku©eda&ma"m}}wd ,xmblwH yZmemwd? 390/ uwrOö bdu©a0 r&PH/ ,H awoH
]]t,H 'ku©eda&m"*grdeDy#dy'g}}wd ,xmblwH awoH owåmeH wrSm wrSm owåedum,m pkwd
yZmemwd/ p0ewm aba'g tEÅ&"meH rpöK r&PH umvud-
&d,m cE¨meH aba'g uaV0&ó edau©ayg
yXrbmP0ga&m ed|dawm/ ZD0dwdÈ´d,ókyapäa'g/ £'H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 r&PH/
29 30
391/ uwarm p bdu©a0 aomaum/ a,m orEém*wó tnw&nwa&e 'ku©"ar®e

acg bdu©a0 tnw&nwa&e Asoaee zk|ó tm,maom Oyg,maom tm,modwwåH
orEém*wó tnw&nwa&e 'ku©"ar®e Oyg,modwwåH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 Oyg-
zk|ó aomaum aompem aompdwwåH taEÅm- ,maom/
aomaum taEÅmy&daomaum/ t,H 0kpöwd 396/ uwarm p bdu©a0 tyÜda,[d
bdu©a0 aomaum/ orÜa,ma*g'kau©m/ £" ,ó aw a[mEÅd
392/ uwarm p bdu©a0 y&da'a0g/ a,m ted|m tuEÅm tremyg ½lyg o'´g *E¨m
acg bdu©a0 tnw&nwa&e Asoaee &om azm|AÁm "r®m? a, 0g yeó aw
orEém*wó tnw&nwa&e 'ku©"ar®e a[mEÅd tew¬umrm t[dwumrm tzmoku-
zk|ó tma'a0g y&da'a0g tma'0em y&da'0em umrm ta,m*au©rumrm? ,m aw[d o'¨ð
tma'0dwwåH y&da'0dwwåH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 o*Fwd orm*arm oarm"meH rdóDbma0g/
y&da'a0g/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 tyÜda,[d orÜa,ma*g
393/ / uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©H/ ,H acg 'kau©m/
bdu©a0 um,duH 'ku©H um,duH tomwH 397/ uwarm p bdu©a0 yda,[d 0dyÜa,m-
um,oræóZH 'ku©H tomwH a0',dwH/ a*g'kau©m/ £" ,ó aw a[mEÅd £|m
£'H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 'ku©H/ uEÅm remyg ½lyg o'´g *E¨m &om azm|AÁm
394/ / uwrOö bdu©a0 a'greóH/ ,H acg "r®m? a, 0g yeó aw a[mEÅd tw¬umrm
bdu©a0 apwodduH 'ku©H apwodduH tomwH [dwumrm zmokuumrm a,m*au©rumrm
raemoræóZH 'ku©H tomwH a0',dwH/ £'H rmwm 0g ydwm 0g bmwm 0g b*deD 0g
0kpöwd bdu©a0 a'greóH/ rdwåm 0g trpöm 0g Ówdomavm[dwm 0g?
395/ uwarm p bdu©a0 Oyg,maom/ ,m aw[d o'¨ð to*Fwd torm*arm
a,m acg bdu©a0 tnw&nwa&e Asoaee toarm"meH trdóDbma0g/ t,H 0kpöwd
bdu©a0 yda,[d 0dyÜa,ma*g 'kau©m/
31 32
398/ uwrOö bdu©a0 ,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd ,mom tómr? e p 0w aem aomu-
'ku©H/ Zmwd"r®meH bdu©a0 owåmeH {0H £päm y&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mo"r®m tm*apä,sK}}EÅd/
OyÜZÆwd ]]ta[m 0w r,H e Zmwd"r®m e acg yaewH £päm, ywåAÁH? £'rÜd ,rÜdpäH e
tómr? e p 0w aem Zmwd tm*apä,sm}} vbwd wrÜd 'ku©H/
wd/ e acg yaewH £päm, ywåAÁH? £'rÜd 399/ uwar p bdu©a0 oHcdawåe yOöKyg'g-
,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd 'ku©H/ Z&m"r®meH eu©E¨m 'ku©m/ ao,sxd'H? ½lykyg'geu©aE¨m/
bdu©a0 owåmeH {0H £päm OyÜZÆwd ]]ta[m a0'Ekyg'geu©aE¨m/ onKyg'geu©aE¨m/ ocFg½k-
0w r,H e Z&m"r®m tómr? e p 0w yg'geu©aE¨m/ 0dnmPkyg'geu©aE¨m/ £ar 0kpöEÅd
aem Z&m tm*apä,sm}}wd/ e acg yaewH bdu©a0 oHcdawåe yOöKyg'geu©E¨m 'ku©m/ £'H
£päm, ywåAÁH? £'rÜd ,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd 0kpöwd bdu©a0 'ku©H t&d,opöH/
'ku©H/ Asm"d"r®meH bdu©a0 owåmeH {0H £päm
OyÜZÆwd ]]ta[m 0w r,H e Asm"d"r®m ork',opöeda'ó
tómr? e p 0w aem Asm"d tm*apä,sm}}
wd/ e acg yaewH £päm, ywåAÁH? £'rÜd 400/ uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©ork',H t&d,opöH/
,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd 'ku©H/ r&P"r®meH ,m,H wPSm aygaemAÇ0dum eE´D&m*o[*wm
bdu©a0 owåmeH {0H £päm OyÜZÆwd ]]ta[m wMwwMwmbdeE´deD/ ao,sxd'H? umrwPSm
0w r,H e r&P"r®m tómr? e p 0w b0wPSm 0db0wPSm/
aem r&PH tm*apä,sm}}wd/ e acg yaewH om acg yaeom bdu©a0 wPSm uw¬
£päm, ywåAÁH? £'rÜd ,rÜdpäH e vbwd wrÜd OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? uw¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/
'ku©H/ aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg,mo"r®meH ,H avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om
bdu©a0 owåmeH {0H £päm OyÜZÆwd ]]ta[m wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem
0w r,H e aomuy&da'0'ku©a'greókyg- ed0dowd/
33 34
udOö avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? pu©K avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm
avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/
OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ pu©Koræaóm avmau/ aomworæaóm
aomwH avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om avmau/ Cmeoræaóm avmau/ Zd0Sg-
wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem oræaóm avmau/ um, oræaóm
ed0dowd/ CmeH avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? avmau/ raemoræaóm avmau yd,½lyH
{aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd?
ed0dormem ed0dowd/ Zd0Sg avmau yd,½lyH {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/
omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? pu©KoræóZm a0'em avmau/ aomw-
{w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ uma,m avmau oræóZm a0'em avmau/ CmeoræóZm
yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem a0'em avmau/ Zd0SgoræóZm a0'em
OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ raem avmau/ um,oræóZm a0'em avmau/
avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm raemoræóZm a0'em avmau yd,½lyH
OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd?
½lyg avmau/ o'´g avmau/ *E¨m {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/
avmau/ &om avmau/ azm|AÁm avmau/ ½lyonm avmau/ o'ónm avmau/
"r®m avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om *Eönm avmau/ &oonm avmau/
wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem azm|AÁonm avmau/ "r®onm avmau
ed0dowd/ yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem
pu©K0dnmPH avmau/ aomw0dnmPH OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/
avmau/ Cme0dnmPH avmau/ Zd0Sg0dnmPH ½lyoaOöwem avmau/ o'óaOöwem
avmau/ um,0dnmPH avmau/ raem0dnmPH avmau/ *EöaOöwem avmau/ &ooaOöwem
35 36
avmau/ azm|AÁoaOöwem avmau/ "r®- eda&m"opöeda'ó

oaOöwem avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om
wPSm OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem 401/ uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"H t&d,opöH/
ed0dowd/ a,m wóma,0 wPSm, taoo0d&m*ed-
½lywPSm avmau/ o'´wPSm avmau/ a&ma"m pma*g y#dedóa*¾g rkwåd temva,m/
*E¨wPSm avmau/ &owPSm avmau/ omacg yaeom bdu©a0 wPSm uw¬
azm|AÁwPSm avmau/ "r®wPSm avmau y[D,rmem y[D,wd? uw¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem ,H avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm
OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
½ly0dwauúm avmau/ o'´0dwauúm udOö avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH?pu©K avmau
avmau/ *E¨0dwauúm avmau/ &o0dwauúm yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem
avmau/ azm|AÁ0dwauúm avmau/ "r®0dwauúm y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ aomwH
avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm
OyÜZÆrmem OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
½ly0dpma&m avmau/ o'´0dpma&m avmau/ CmeH avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om
*E¨0dpma&m avmau/ &o0dpma&m avmau/ wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem
azm|AÁ0dpma&m avmau/ "r®0dpma&m avmau ed½kZößwd/ Zd0Sg avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH?
yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm OyÜZÆrmem {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬
OyÜZÆwd? {w¬ ed0dormem ed0dowd/ £'H 0kpöwd ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ uma,m avmau yd,½lyH
bdu©a0 'ku©ork',H t&d,opöH/ omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,-
wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ raem avmau
yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem
y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
37 38
½lyg avmau/ o'´g avmau/ *E¨m ½lyonm avmau/ o'ónm avmau/

avmau/ &om avmau/ azm|AÁm avmau/ *Eönm avmau/ &oonm avmau/
"r®m avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om azm|AÁonm avmau/ "r®onm avmau
wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem
ed½kZößwd/ y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
pu©K0dnmPH avmau/ aomw0dnmPH ½lyoaOöwem avmau/ o'óaOöwem
avmau/ Cme0dnmPH avmau/ Zd0Sg0dnmPH avmau/ *EöaOöwem avmau/ &ooaOöwem
avmau/ um,0dnmPH avmau/ raem0dnmPH avmau/ azm|AÁoaOöwem avmau/ "r®oaOö-
avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm wem avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om
y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem
pu©Koræaóm avmau/ aomworæaóm ed½kZößwd/
avmau/ Cmeoræaóm avmau/ Zd0Sg- ½lywPSm avmau/ o'´wPSm avmau/
oræaóm avmau/ um,oræaóm avmau/ *E¨wPSm avmau/ &owPSm avmau/
raemoræaóm avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? azm|AÁwPSm avmau/ "r®wPSm avmau
{aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,-
ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
pu©KoræóZm a0'em avmau/ aomw- ½ly0dwauúm avmau/ o'´0dwauúm
oræóZm a0'em avmau/ CmeoræóZm avmau/ *E¨0dwauúm avmau/ &o0dwauúm
a0'em avmau/ Zd0SgoræóZm a0'emavmau/ avmau/ azm|AÁ0dwauúm avmau/ "r®-
um,oræóZm a0'em avmau/ raem- 0dwauúm avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om
oræóZm a0'em avmau yd,½lyH omw½lyH? wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem
{aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößwd/
ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/
39 40
½ly0dpma&m avmau/ o'´0dpma&m avmau/ 0gpm, a0&rPD oræyÜvmyg a0&rPD/ t,H

*E¨0dpma&m avmau/ &o0dpma&m avmau/ 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m0gpm/
azm|AÁ0dpma&m avmau/ "r®0dpma&m avmau uwarm p bdu©a0 or®mur®aEÅm/
yd,½lyH omw½lyH? {aw¬om wPSm y[D,rmem ygPmwdygwm a0&rPD t'dEém'gem a0&rPD
y[D,wd? {w¬ ed½kZößrmem ed½kZößwd/ £'H 0kpöwd umarokrdpämpm&m a0&rPD/ t,H 0kpöwd
bdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"H t&d,opöH/ bdu©a0 or®mur®aEÅm/
uwarm p bdu©a0 or®mtmZDa0g/ £"
r*¾opöeda'ó bdu©a0 t&d,om0aum rdpämtmZD0H y[m,
or®mtmZDa0e ZD0dwH uayÜwd/ t,H 0kpöwd
402/ uwrOö bdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"*grded
bdu©a0 or®mtmZDa0g/
y#dy'g t&d,opöH/ t,ar0 t&da,m t|*Ø-
uwarm p bdu©a0 or®m0g,marm/
aum ra*¾g/ ao,sxd'H? or®m'd|d or®mouFayÜg
£" bdu©a0 bdu©K tEkyÜEémeH ygyumeH
or®m0gpm or®mur®aEÅm or®mtmZDa0g or®m0g-
tukovmeH "r®meH tEkyÜg'g, qE´H Zaewd
,marm or®mowd or®morm"d/
0g,rwd 0D&d,H tm&bwd pdwåH y*¾PSmwd
uwrm p bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/ ,H acg
y'[wd? OyÜEémeH ygyumeH tukovmeH "r®meH
bdu©a0 'kau© ÓPH 'ku©ork'a, ÓPH
y[mem, qE´H Zaewd 0g,rwd 0D&d,H
'ku©eda&ma" ÓPH 'ku©eda&m"*grded,m y#dy'g,
tm&bwd pdwåH y*¾PSmwd y'[wd? tEkyÜEémeH
ÓPH/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m'd|d/
ukovmeH "r®meH OyÜg'g, qE´H Zaewd
uwarm p bdu©a0 or®mouFayÜg/
0g,rwd 0D&d,H tm&bwd pdwåH y*¾PSmwd
aeu©rouFayÜg tAsmyg'ouFayÜg t0d[ðom-
y'[wd? OyÜEémeH ukovmeH "r®meH Xdwd,m
ouFayÜg/ t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®mouFayÜg/
toar®mom, bda,smbm0g, a0ykv’m,
uwrm p bdu©a0 or®m0gpm/ rkom0g'g
bm0em, yg&dyl&d,m qE´H Zaewd 0g,rwd
a0&rPD ydokPm, 0gpm, a0&rPD z½kom,
41 42
0D&d,H tm&bwd pdwåH y*¾PSmwd y'[wd? uma,e y#doHa0a'wd? ,H wH t&d,m

t,H 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®m0g,marm/ tmpdu©EÅd ]]Oayu©aum owdrm okc0d[m&D}}wd?
uwrm p bdu©a0 or®mowd/ £" wwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&wd/ okcó p
bdu©a0 bdu©K uma, um,mEkyóD 0d[&wd y[mem 'ku©ó p y[mem ykaAÁ0 aomreó-
tmwmyD orÜZmaem owdrm 0dae,s avmau a'greómeH tw¬*Frm t'ku©rokcH Oayu©myg&d-
tbdZößma'greóH? a0'emok a0'emEkyóD ok'¨ð pwkw¬H psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&wd/ t,H
0d[&wd tmwmyD orÜZmaem owdrm 0dae,s 0kpöwd bdu©a0 or®morm"d/ £'H 0kpöwd
avmau tbdZößma'greóH? pdawå pdwåmEkyóD bdu©a0 'ku©eda&m"*grdeD y#dy'g t&d,opöH/
0d[&wd tmwmyD orÜZmaem owdrm 0dae,s 403/ £wd tZößwåH 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD
avmau tbdZößma'greóH? "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd? A[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD
0d[&wd tmwmyD orÜZmaem owdrm 0dae,s 0d[&wd? tZößwåA[d'¨g 0g "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD
avmau tbdZößma'greóH/ t,H 0kpöwd 0d[&wd/ ork',"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok
bdu©a0 or®mowd/ 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd?
uwarm p bdu©a0 or®morm"d/ £" ork',0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd/
bdu©a0 bdu©K 0d0dapö0 umar[d 0d0dpö ]]tw¬d "r®m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm
tukoav[d "ar®[d o0dwuúH o0dpm&H a[mwd ,m0a'0 ÓPrwåm, y#dówd-
0da0uZH yDwdokcH yXrH psmeH OyorÜZÆ 0d[&wd/ rwåm,/ tedódawm p 0d[&wd? e p udOöd
0dwuú0dpm&meH 0lyorm tZößwåH orÜom'eH avmau Oyg'd,wd/ {0rÜd acg bdu©a0 bdu©K
apwaom {aum'dbm0H t0dwuúH t0dpm&H "ar®ok "r®mEkyóD 0d[&wd pwlok t&d,-
orm"dZH yDwdokcH 'kwd,H psmeH OyorÜZÆ oapöok/
0d[&wd/ yDwd,m p 0d&m*g Oayu©aum p
opöyAÁH edXdwH/
0d[&wd? oawm p orÜZmaem? okcOö
"r®mEkyóem edXdwm/
43 44
404/ a,m[d aumpd bdu©a0 £ar pwåma&m rmomed/ {uH rmoH/ t¹krmoH/ wd|EÅK bdu©a0
owdy|mae {0H bma0,s owå0ómed? t¹krmaom/ a,m [d aumpd bdu©a0 £ar
wó 'GdEéH zvmeH tnw&H zvH yg#ducø pwåma&m owdy|mae {0H bma0,s owåm[H?
'da|0 "ar® tnm owd 0g Oyg'daoao wó 'GdEéH zvmeH tnw&H zvH yg#ducø
tem*grdwm/ 'da|0 "ar® tnm owd 0g Oyg'daoao
wd|EÅK bdu©a0 owå0ómed/ a,m [d tem*grdwmwd/
aumpd bdu©a0 £ar pwåma&m owdy|mae 405/ ]]{um,aem t,H bdu©a0 ra*¾g
{0H bma0,s q 0ómed/ wó 'GdEéH zvmeH owåmeH 0dok'¨d,m aomuy&da'0geH orwduú-
tnw&H zvH yg#ducø 'da|0 "ar® tnm rm, 'ku©a'greómeH tw¬*Frm, Ó,ó
owd 0g Oyg'daoao tem*grdwm/ yOö t"d*rm, edAÁmeó opdädud&d,m, ,'d'H
0ómed/ pwåm&d 0ómed/ wDed 0ómed/ a'G pwåma&m owdy|mem}}wd £wd ,H wH 0kwåH?
0ómed/ {uH 0óH/ wd|wk bdu©a0 {uH £'arwH y#dpö 0kwåEÅd/ £'ra0gp b*0g/
0óH/ a,m [d aumpd bdu©a0 £ar pwåma&m twårem aw bdu©L b*0awm bmodwH
owdy|mae {0H bma0,s owårmomed/ wó tbdeE´KEÅd/
'GdEéH zvmeH tnw&H zvH yg#ducø 'da|0
"ar® tnm owd 0g Oyg'daoao tem*grdwm/ r[mowdy|meokwåH ed|dwH/
wd|EÅK bdu©a0 owå rmomed/ a,m [d
aumpd bdu©a0 £ar pwåma&m owdy|mae
r[m0*¾ygVd? r[mowdy|meokwå? 231-252/
{0H bma0,s q rmomed/ wó 'GdEéH zvmeH
tnw&H zvH yg#ducø 'da|0 "ar® tnm
owd 0g Oyg'daoao tem*grdwm/ yOö
rmomed/ pwåm&d rmomed/ wDed rmomed/ a'G
45 46
r[mowdy|meokwf ÓPf &Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avmuü

jrefrmjyef tbdZößm a'greóudk y,fajzmufí ½kyftaygif;
ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
372/ tuGßEfkyfonf þodkY Mum;emcJh&ygonf- ae\/
tcgwyg;ü jrwfpGmbk&m;onf uk½kwdkif; jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonf jzpfí
ur®mo"r®rnfaomed*Hk;ü oDwif;oHk;aeawmfrl\/ orÜZOfÓPf&Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avm
xdktcg jrwfpGmbk&m;onf &[ef;wdkYudk ]]&[ef; uü tbdZößm a'greóudky,fajzmufí a0'em
wdkY}}[k ac:awmfrl\/ &[ef;wdkYonf jrwfpGmbk wdkYü a0'emwdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
&m;tm; ]]toQifbk&m;}}[k jyefavQmufMuukef\/ ae\/
jrwfpGmbk&m;onf þw&m;udk a[mawmfrl\/ jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonf jzpfí
orÜZOfÓPf&Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avm
tusOf;csKyf uü tbdZößm a'greóudk y,fajzmufí pdwfü
373/ &[ef;wdkY þc&D;vrf;onf owå0gwdkY\ pdwfudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
pdwfpifMu,f&ef pdk;&drfylyefjcif; idka<u;jcif;wdkYudk jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonf jzpfí
vGefajrmuf&ef udk,fqif;&J pdwfqif;&JwdkY csKyf orÜZOfÓPf&Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avm
Nidrf;&ef t&d,r*fudk&&ef edAÁmefudk rsufarSmufjyK uü tbdZößm a'greóudky,fajzmufí oabm
&ef waMumif;wnf;aomc&D;vrf;jzpfay\? ,if; w&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh
onfh c&D;vrf;um; þowdy|mef av;yg;wdkYay &Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
wnf;/
tb,fav;yg;wdkYenf;[lrl- tusOf;csKyfNyD;\/
&[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf - - -
owd= atmufarhjcif;/ avmu= Oyg'geu©E¨mavmuudkqdo
k nf/
jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonfjzpfí orÜZOf
tbdZößm= vdc
k sifwyfrufjcif;/ a'greó= ESvHk;romjcif;/
47 48
xGufouf0ifoufudk ½Iqifjcifjcif;tydkif; &[ef;wdkY Oyrmaomfum; uGßrf;usifaom

yGwform;onf vnf;aumif; yGwform;\
374/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf wynfhonfvnf;aumif; (yGwfBuKd;udk) &Snf&Snf
½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sd qGJiifvQifvnf; ]]&Snf&SnfqGJiifonf}}[k od\?
onfjzpfí aeoenf;/ &[ef;wdkY þomoem (yGwfBuKd;udk) wdkwdkqGJiifvQifvnf; ]]wdkwdkqGJiif
awmfü &[ef;onf awmodkY oGm;a&mufíjzpfap onf}}[k od\? &[ef;wdkY þtwlyif &[ef;
opfyif&if;odkY oGm;a&mufíjzpfap qdwfNidrf&modkY onf &Snf&Snf½dIufvQifvnf; ]]&Snf&Snf½dIufonf}}
oGm;a&mufíjzpfap wifyv’ifacGNyD;vQif udk,fudk [k od\? &Snf&Snf½ªvQifvnf; ]]&Snf&Snf½ªonf}}
ajzmifhrwfpGmxm;í owdudk(ur®|mef;odkY) a&Sh½I [k od\? wdkwdk½dIufvQifvnf; ]]wdkwdk½dIufonf}}
jzpfapvsufxdkif\/ xdk&[ef;onf owd&Sdvsuf [k od\? wdkwdk½ªvQifvnf; ]]wdkwdk½ªonf}}[k
omvQif xGufoufavudk ½dIuf\/ owd&Sdvsuf od\? (xGufoufav\) ]]tp tv,f tqHk;
omvQif 0ifoufavudk ½ª\/ &Snf&Snf½dIufvQif tvHk;pHkaom ½kyftaygif;udk xif&Sm;odvsuf½dIuf
vnf; ]]&Snf&Snf½dIufonf}}[k od\? &Snf&Snf½ª rnf}}[k usifh\/ (0ifoufav\)]]tp tv,f
vQifvnf; ]]&Snf&Snf½ªonf}}[k od\? wdkwdk½dIuf tqHk; tvHk;pHkaom ½kyftaygif;udk xif&Sm;od
vQifvnf; ]]wdkwdk½dIufonf}}[k od\? wdkwdk½ª vsuf½ªrnf}}[kusifh\/ ]]½kefY&if;aom xGufouf
vQifvnf; ]]wdkwdk½ªonf}}[k od\? (xGufouf udk Nidrf;apvsuf½dIufrnf}}[k usifh\/ ]]½kefY&if;
av\) ]]tp tv,f tqHk; tvHk;pHkaom ½kyf aom 0ifoufudk Nidrf;apvsuf½ªrnf}}[k usifh\/
taygif;udk xif&Sm;odvsuf½dIufrnf}}[k usifh\/ þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyf
(0ifoufav\) ]]tp tv,f tqHk; tvHk;pHk taygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
aom ½kyftaygif;udk xif&Sm;odvsuf½ªrnf}}[k olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
usifh\/ ]]½kefY&if;aom xGufoufudk Nidrf;ap tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
vsuf½dIufrnf}}[kusifh\/ ]]½kefY&if;aom 0ifouf \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
udk Nidrf;apvsuf ½ªrnf}}[k usifh\/
49 50
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü £&d,mykwfudk qifjcifjcif;tydkif;

jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyf 375/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf
taygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm oGm;vQifvnf; ]]oGm;onf}}[k od\? &yfvQif
udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; vnf; ]]&yfonf}}[k od\? xdkifvQifvnf;
ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif; ]]xdkifonf}}[kod\? avsmif;vQifvnf; ]]avsmif;
w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf onf}}[k od\? xdk&[ef;\ ½kyftaygif;onf
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyf tMuiftMuif trlt&mtm;jzifh wnfae\?
taygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; xdk½kyftaygif;udk xdkxdktrlt&mtm;jzifh od\/
owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifh þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
qifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifh aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
qifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
ae\? avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
ig\Opöm[k) pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü
þodkYvnf; &[ef;onf½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif; jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyft
aygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm
xGufouf0ifoufudk ½Iqifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/ udk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\?
- - - ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh
jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sd
onfjzpfírlvnf;ae\? xdkYjyif]]½kyftaygif;onf
omvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf
51 52
a&S;½Sªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod jyKavh&Sd\/

ÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owd þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\? olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? rdrd
pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef; olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k
onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? ½kyftaygif;
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ ü jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk t
BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\?
£&d,mykwfudk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/
½kyftaygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;o
- - -
abmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf;
ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;
owdorÜZOfjzifh qifjcifjcif;tydkif;
w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyf
376/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf
taygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm;
a&ShodkYwdk;&m aemufodkYqkwf&mü odvsuf jyKavh
owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifh
&Sd\? wl½lMunfh&m wapmif;Munfh&mü odvsuf
qifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifh
jyKavh&Sd\? auG;&mqefY&mü odvsufjyKavh&Sd\?
qifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk
'kuk#f oydwf ouFef;udk aqmif&mü odvsufjyK
&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf;
avh&Sd\? pm;&m aomuf&m cJ&m vsuf&mü
ae\? avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\
odvsufjyKavh&Sd\? usifBuD; usifi,f pGefY&mü
Opöm[k) pGJvnf;rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf;
odvsufjyKavh&Sd\? oGm;&m &yf&m xdkif&m
&[ef;onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrf
tdyf&m Edk;&m ajym&m qdwfqdwfae&mü odvsuf
53 54
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ rsufpdtjrif&Sdaom a,musfm;onf xdktdwfudkajz

í ]]þonfwdkYum; oav;pyg;wdkYwnf; þonf
owdorÜZOfjzifh qifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/ wdkYum; yJaemufwdkYwnf; þonfwdkYum; yJBuD;
- - - wdkYwnf; þonfwdkYum; ESrf;wdkYwnf; þonf
wdkYum; qefwdkYwnf;}}[k pl;pdkufqifjcif&mouJh
pufqkyfzG,f[k ESvkH;oGif;jcif;tydkif; odkY &[ef;wdkY þtwlyif &[ef;onf ajcz0g;rS
txuf qHyifjzm;rSatmuf xuf0ef;usif ta&
377/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf yg;tqHk;&Sdaom rpifMu,fonfh t&mtrsKd;rsKd;wdkY
ajcz0g;rStxuf qHyifjzm;rSatmuf xuf0ef; jzifh jynfhvsuf&Sdaom þ½kyftaygif;udkyif pl;pdkuf
usif ta&yg;tqHk;&Sdaom rpifMu,fonfh t&m qifjcif\? ]]þ½kyftaygif;ü qHyif tarG;
trsKd;rsKd;wdkYjzifh jynfhvsuf&Sdaom þ½kyftaygif; ajconf;vufonf; oGm; ta&? tom;
udkyif pl;pdkufqifjcif\? ]]þ½kyftaygif;ü qHyif taMum t½dk; ½dk;wGif;csOfqD tn§dKY? ESvHk;
tarG; ajconf;vufonf; oGm; ta&? tom; tonf; tajr§; tzsOf; tqkyf? tlr tlodrf
taMum t½dk; ½dk;wGif;csOfqD tn§dKY? ESvHk; tpmopf tpma[mif; OD;aESmuf? onf;ajc
tonf; tajr§; tzsOf; tqkyf? tlr tlodrf ovdyf jynf aoG; acR; tqDcJ? rsuf&nf
tpmopf tpma[mif; OD;aESmuf? onf;ajc qDMunf wHaxG; ESyf tap; usifi,fonf
ovdyf jynf aoG; acR; tqDcJ? rsuf&nf &Sd\}}[k (pl;pdkufqifjcif\)/
qDMunf wHaxG; ESyf tap; usifi,fonf þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
&Sd\}}[k pl;pdkufqifjcif\/ aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
&[ef;wdkY Oyrmaomfum; ESpfzufrsufESm0 olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
&Sdaomtdwfonf pyg;trsKd;rsKd;jzifh jynfhvsuf&Sd&m tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? rdrd
\/ tb,fpyg;wdkYenf;[lrl oav;pyg; aumuf olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k
BuD;pyg; yJaemuf yJBuD; ESrf; qefwdkYwnf;/
55 56
"gwftm;jzifh ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif;
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? ½kyftaygif;
ü jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk t
378/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; ]]þ½kyf
BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\?
taygif;ü ajr"mwf a&"mwf rD;"mwf av"mwf
½kyftaygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;
onf&Sd\}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udk wnfNrJwdkif;
oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí
xm;NrJwdkif;yif "mwftm;jzifh pl;pdkufqifjcif\/
rlvnf; ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;
&[ef;wdkY Oyrmaomfum; uRrf;usifaom
ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk
EGm;owform;onfvnf;aumif; EGm;owform;
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\?
\wynfhonf vnf;aumif; EGm;udkowfí
xdkYjyif ]]½kyftaygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk
vrf;av;cGqHk&mü tpktyHktm;jzifh cGJjcm;vsuf
&[ef;tm; owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowd
xdkifae&mouJhodkY &[ef;wdkY þtwlyif &[ef;
onf) tqifhqifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf
onf ]]þ½kyftaygif;ü ajr"mwf a&"mwf
\? tqifhqifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom
rD;"mwf av"mwfonf&Sd\}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udk
jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSD
wnfNrJwdkif; xm;NrJwdkif;yif "mwftm;jzifh pl;pdkuf
rwG,frlívnf; ae\? avmuü wpHkw&m
qifjcif\/
udkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/
þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
&[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;onf ½kyftaygif;ü
aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
ae\/
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? rdrdol
pufqkyfzG,f[k ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydi
k f; NyD;\/
wyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k
- - - tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? ½kyftaygif;
ü jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\?
57 58
½kyftaygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuf olaoaumif? zl;a&mifaeaom olaoaumif?

jcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí ½kyfqif;ysufvsuf ndKrJaeaom olaoaumif?
rlvnf; ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysuf jynfuJhodkY pufqkyfzG,f tykyf&nf ,dkpD;aom
aMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk t ocsØKif;ü pGefYypfxm;aom olaoaumifudk jrif
BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf;ae\? xdkYjyif &mouJhodkY xdk&[ef;onf ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;
]]½kyftaygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; onfvnf; þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaom
owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifh oabm jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkYaom
qifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifh oabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif
qifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk EdIif;pmí½I\/
&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
ae\? avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\ aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
Opöm[k) pGJvnf;rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
&[ef;onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrf tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü
"gwftm;jzifh ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif; NyD;\/ jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
- - - Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyf
taygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm
olaoaumifudk;rsKd;udk ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif; udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf;
ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;
379/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf
aoí wpf&uf&Sdaom olaoaumif? aoí ESpf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyft
&uf&Sdaom olaoaumif? aoí oHk;&uf&Sdaom
59 60
aygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; o rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí

wdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh ½I\/
todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh o þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
wd wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef; aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf;ae\? olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef; \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
&[ef;wdkY xdkYjyifvnf;&[ef;onf usD;wdkY Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyft
cJpm;tyfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom pGef&JwdkY cJpm;tyf aygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm
onfrlvnf;jzpfaom vif;wwdkY cJpm;tyfonfrl udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf;
vnf;jzpfaom bHkrwD;iSufwdkY cJpm;tyfonfrl ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;
vnf;jzpfaom acG;wdkY cJpm;tyfonfrlvnf; jzpf w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf
aom usm;wdkY cJpm;tyfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyft
opfwdkY cJpm;tyfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom ajracG;wdkY aygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; o
cJpm;tyfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom ydk;trsKd;rsKd;wdkY cJ wdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh
pm;tyfonfrlvnf;jzpfaom ocsØKif;ü pGefYypf todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh o
xm;aom olaoaumifudk jrif&mouJhodkY þ wd wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;
udk,fudkomvQif ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf;ae\?
þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaomoabm avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k)
jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkYaom oabmudk pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;
61 62
onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaomoabm jzpf

½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ vdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkYaom oabmudk rvGef
&[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf qefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/
tom;aoG;&Sdao;aom taMumwdkYjzifh zGJYxm; wae&müvuf½dk; wae&müajc½dk; wae&m
aom t½dk;qufvsuf&Sdao;aom ocsØKif;ü pGefY üajczrsuf½dk; wae&müjrif;acgif;½dk; wae&mü
ypftyfaom olaoaumifudk jrif&mouJhodkY þ aygif½dk; wae&mücg;½dk; wae&müeH½dk; wae&mü
udk,fudkomvQif ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; ausmufukef;½dk; wae&müycHk;½dk; wae&mü
þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaomoabm jzpf vnfyif;½dk; wae&müar;½dk; wae&müoGm;½dk; w
vdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkYaom oabmudk rvGef ae&müOD;acgif;cGHtm;jzifh zGJYjcif;uif;ukefvsuf xdk
qefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/ xdkt&yfwdkYü BuJjyefYaeukefaom ocsØKif;ü pGefYypf
tom;uif;í aoG;wdkYjzifh ayusHvsuf t tyfaom t½dk;pk olaoaumifwdkYudk jrif&mouJh
aMumwdkYjzifh zGJYvsufaom t½dk;qufvsuf&Sdao; odkY xdk&[ef;onf þudk,fudkomvQif ]]þig\
aom ocsØKif;ü pGefYypftyfaom olaoaumifudk ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; þodkYaom oabm&Sd\?
jrif&mouJhodkY þudk,fudkomvQif ]]þig\ ½kyf þodkYaomoabm jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkY
taygif;onfvnf; þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? aomoabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;
þodkYaomoabm jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkY udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/
aom oabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyft þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
aygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/ aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
tom;taoG;uif;vsuf taMumwdkYjzifh olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
zGJYxm;aom t½dk;pkjzpfaom ocsØKif;ü pGefYypftyf tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
aom olaoaumifudk jrif&mouJhodkY þudk,fudk \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
omvQif ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü
63 64
jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf þodkYaom oabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ

Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyft ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/ ESpfvGefvsuf
aygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm pkyHkaeaom ocsØKif;üpGefYypftyfukefaom t½dk;pk
udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae olaoaumifwdkYudk jrif&mouJhodkY þudk,fudkom
\? ½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m; vQif ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; þodkY
ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½I aom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaomoabm jzpfvdrfh
avh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyft rnfomwnf;? þodkYaom oabmudk rvGefqef
aygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; o Edkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí½I\/ aqG;
wdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh ajrhvsuf trIefYjzpfukefaom ocsØKif;üpGefYypftyf
todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh o ukefaom t½dk;pk olaoaumifwdkYudk jrif&mouJh
wd wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef; odkY þudk,fudkomvQif ]]þig\ ½kyftaygif;
onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf;ae\? onfvnf; þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaom
avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) oabm jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? þodkYaom
pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef; oabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif
onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf EdIif;pmí½I\/
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ þodkY(rdrd\) ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyft
&[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf aygif;udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\?
c½koif;tqif;ESifh wlaom jzLazG;aeukefaom olwyg;\ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;udk
ocsØKif;üpGefYypftyfukefaom t½dk;pk olaoaumif tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;
wdkYudk jrif&mouJhodkY þudk,fudkomvQif ]]þ \ ½kyftaygif;ürlvnf; ½kyftaygif;[k tBudrf
ig\ ½kyftaygif;onfvnf; þodkYaomoabm&Sd Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü
\? þodkYaomoabm jzpfvdrfhrnfomwnf;? jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
65 66
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyft a0'emudkqifjcifjcif;udk;yg;

aygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabm
udk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf;ae\? 380/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf
½kyftaygif;ü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh a0'emwdkYü a0'emwdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh
jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sd &Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/ &[ef;wdkY þ
onfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]½kyftaygif; omoemawmfü &[ef;onf okca0'emudk cHpm;
onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf vQifvnf; ]]okca0'emudk cHpm;onf}}[k od\/
a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod 'ku©a0'emudk cHpm;vQifvnf; ]]'ku©a0'emudk
ÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owd cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ t'ku©rokca0'emudk
wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf cHpm;vQifvnf; ]]t'ku©rokca0'emudk cHpm;
wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\? onf}}[k od\/
avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) umr*kPfESifhpyfaom csrf;omaom a0'em
pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef; udk cHpm;vQifvnf;]]umr*kPfESifhpyfaom csrf;om
onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf aom a0'emudk cHpm;onf}}[kod\/ umr*kPf
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ ESifhrpyfaom csrf;omaom a0'emudk cHpm;vQif
vnf; ]]umr*kPfESifhrpyfaom csrf;omaom
olaoaumifudk;rsKd;udk ESvHk;oGif;jcif;tydkif; NyD;\/ a0'emudk cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ umr*kPfESifh
pyfaom qif;&Jaom a0'emudk cHpm;vQifvnf;
½kyftaygif;udk qifjcifjcif; wpfq,fhav;yg; NyD;\/ ]]umr*kPfESifhpyfaom qif;&Jaom a0'emudk
- - - - - -
a0'em= cHpm;jcif;/ okca0'em= csrf;omaomcHpm;jcif;/
'ku©a0'em= qif;&JaomcHpm;jcif;/
t'ku©rokca0'em= qif;&Jr[kwf csrf;omr[kwfaomcHpm;jcif;/
67 68
cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ umr*kPfESifhrpyfaom oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírl

qif;&Jaom a0'emudk cHpm;vQifvnf; ]]umr vnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]a0'emonfomvQif&Sd
*kPfESifhrpyfaom qif;&Jaom a0'emudk cHpm; onf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf a&S;½ªxif\?
onf}}[kod\/ umr*kPfESifhpyfaom qif;&Jr (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;
[kwf csrf;omr[kwfaom a0'emudk cHpm;vQif jcif;iSgomjzpf\? tqifhqifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;
vnf; ]]umr*kPfESifhpyfaom qif;&Jr[kwf csrf; jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkY
omr[kwfaom a0'emudk cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ jzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\? avmuü wpHk
umr*kPfESifhrpyfaom qif;&Jr[kwf csrf;omr w&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) pGJvnf;
[kwfaom a0'emudk cHpm;vQifvnf; ]]umr*kPf rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;onf
ESifhrpyfaom qif;&Jr[kwf csrf;omr[kwfaom a0'emwdkYü a0'emwdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh
a0'emudk cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ &Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
þodkY(rdrd\) a0'emwdkYürlvnf; a0'em
a0'emudkqifjcifjcif;udk;yg; NyD;\/
wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ol
- - -
wyg;\ a0'emwdkYürlvnf; a0'emwdkYudk t
BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? rdrdolwyg; pdwfudkqifjcifjcif; wpfq,fhajcmufyg;
\ a0'emwdkYürlvnf; a0'emwdkY[k tBudrfBudrf
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfíae\? a0'emwdkYü jzpfaMumif; 381/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf
w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh pdwfü pdwfudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? a0'emwdkYü ysuf aeoenf;/ &[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;
aMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf onf &m*ESifhwuGaompdwfudkvnf; ]]&m*ESifh
½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? a0'emwdkYü wuGaompdwf}}[k od\/ &m*uif;aompdwfudk
jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif; vnf; ]]&m*uif;aompdwf}}[k od\/ a'goESifh
wuGaompdwfudkvnf; ]]a'goESifhwuGaompdwf}}
69 70
[k od\/ a'gouif;aompdwfudkvnf; ]]a'go þodkY(rdrd\) pdwfürlvnf; pdwfudk t

uif;aompdwf}}[k od\/ arm[ESifhwuGaom BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? olwyg;\
pdwfudkvnf; ]]arm[ESifhwuGaompdwf}}[k od\/ pdwfürlvnf; pdwfudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf
arm[uif;aompdwfudkvnf; ]]arm[uif;aom jzpfíae\? rdrdolwyg;\ pdwfürlvnf; pdwfudk
pdwf}}[kod\/ oHcdwåpdwfudkvnf; ]]oHcdwåpdwf}} tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? pdwfü
[k od\/ 0du©dwåpdwfudkvnf; ]]0du©dwåpdwf}}[k jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
od\/ r[*¾Kwfpdwfudkvnf; ]]r[*¾Kwfpdwf}}[k Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? pdwfü
od\/ tr[*¾Kwfpdwfudkvnf; ]]tr[*¾Kwfpdwf}} ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
[k od\/ oOwå&pdwfudkvnf; ]]oOwå&pdwf}} Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? pdwfü
[k od\/ tEkwå&pdwfudkvnf; ]]tEkwå&pdwf}} jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;
[k od\/ orm[dwpdwfudkvnf; ]]orm[dw oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf;
pdwf}}[k od\/ torm[dwpdwfudkvnf; ]]to ae\? xdkYjyif ]]pdwfonfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk
rm[dwpdwf}}[kod\/ 0drkwåpdwfudkvnf; ]]0drkwå &[ef;tm; owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowd
pdwf}}[k od\/ t0drkwåpdwfudkvnf; ]]t0drkwå onf) tqifhqifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;iSgom
pdwf}}[k od\/ jzpf\? tqifhqifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom
- - - jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSD
oHcdwp
å w
d =
f usKHYaompdw/f 0du©w
d åpw
d =
f ysHYaompdw/f rwG,frlívnf; ae\? avmuü wpHkw&mudk
r[*¾Kwfpw
d f =½lyt½lypdw/f tr[*¾Kwfpw
d f= umr0p&pdwf/
rQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/
oOwå&pdwf= umrm0p&pdwf/ tEkwå&pdwf= ½lyt½lypdwf/
orm[dwpdwf= tyÜrmorm"d Oypm&orm"d&Sdaom wnfMunfaompdwf/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;onf pdwfü
tyÜrmorm"d= Oypm&orm"d&dSaom wnfMunfaompdwf/ pdwfudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
torm[dwpdw=
f orm"dEp
S y
f g;uif;aom rwnfMunfaompdwf/
0drw
k åpw
d =
f vGwfajrmufaompdw/f
pdwfudkqifjcifjcif; wpfq,fhajcmufyg; NyD;\/
t0drw
k p
å dw=
f rvGwfajrmufaompdwf/
- - -
71 72
oabmw&m;udk qifjcifjcif;ig;yg;
rpäE´\ aemiftcg rjzpfay:aMumif;udkvnf;od\/
eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; rdrdoEÅmefü Asmyg'&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
oEÅmefü Asmyg'&Sdonf}}[k od\/ rdrdoEÅmefü
382/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf o Asmyg'r&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü Asmyg'r&Sd}}
abmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf [kod\/ rjzpfao;aom Asmyg' jzpfaMumif;udk
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/ &[ef;wdkY þ vnf;od\/ jzpfNyD;aom Asmyg'\ y,faMumif;
omoemawmfü &[ef;onf eD0&Pig;yg; o udkvnf; od\/ y,ffNyD;aom Asmyg'\ aemif
abmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf tcg rjzpfay:aMumif;udkvnf; od\/
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ rdrdoEÅmefü xderd'¨&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
&[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf eD0 oEÅmefü xderd'¨&Sdonf}}[k od\/ rdrdoEÅmefü
&Pig;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk xderd'¨r&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü xderd'¨r&Sd}}
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/ & [k od\/ rjzpfao;aom xderd'¨ jzpfaMumif;
[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf twGif; udkvnf; od\/ jzpfNyD;aom xderd'¨\ y,f
oEÅmefü umrpäE´&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\twGif; aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ y,ffNyD;aom xderd'¨\
oEÅmefü umrpäE´&Sdonf}}[kod\/ twGif;oEÅmef aemiftcg rjzpfay:aMumif;udkvnf; od\/
ü umrpäE´r&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\twGif;oEÅmefü rdrdoEÅmefü O'¨pöukuúKpö&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
umrpäE´r&Sd}}[k od\/ rjzpfao;aom umrpäE´ oEÅmefü O'¨pöukuúKpö&Sdonf}}[kod\/ rdrdoEÅmef
jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/ jzpfNyD;aom umrpäE´ ü O'¨pöukuúKpör&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü O'¨pö
y,faMumif;udkvnf; od\/ y,ffNyD;aom um-
- - -
- - - Asmyg'= olwyg;udkysufpD;apvdkjcif;oabm/
eD0&P= tydwt
f yifw&m;/ umrpäE=
´ umr*kPftvdk/ xderd'¨= av;vHxdkif;rIdif;jcif;/
O'¨pö= ysHUvGifhjcif;/ ukuúKpö= ESvHk;romjcif;/
73 74
ukuúKpör&Sd}}[kod\/ rjzpfao;aom O'¨pöukuúKpö aMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf

jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/ jzpfNyD;aom O'¨pö ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;
ukuúKpö\ y,faMumif;udkvnf; od\/ y,ffNyD; wdkYü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;
aom O'¨pöukuúKpö\ aemiftcg rjzpfay: ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf
aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ jzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]oabmw&m;wdkY
rdrdoEÅmefü 0dpdudpäm&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\ onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf
oEÅmefü 0dpdudpäm&Sdonf}}[k od\/ rdrdoEÅmefü a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod
0dpdudpämr&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü 0dpdudpäm ÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owd
r&Sd}}[k od\/ rjzpfao;aom 0dpdudpäm jzpf wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf
aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ jzpfNyD;aom 0dpdudpäm\ wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\?
y,faMumif;udkvnf;od\/ y,ffNyD;aom 0dpdudpäm avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k)
\ aemiftcg rjzpfay:aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;
þodkY rdrd\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; o onf oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;[k t
abmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
ae\? olwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf;
eD0&Pw&m;ig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf - - -
íae\? rdrdolwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf;
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf cE¨mig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif;
í ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;w&m; 383/ &[ef;wdkY wzefxdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf

ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabm
jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü ysuf w&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
- - - aeonf/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf
0dpdudpäm= ra0cGJEdkifjcif;/
75 76
Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabm rlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü ysufaMumif;

w&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeo w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh
enf;/ &[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf &Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü
þum;½kyfwnf;? þum; ½kyf\jzpfaMumif; jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;
wnf;? þum;½kyf\csKyf&mwnf;? þum;a0'em oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf;
wnf;? þum; a0'em\jzpfaMumif;wnf;? ae\? xdkYjyif ]]oabmw&m;wdkYonfomvQif &Sd
þum; a0'em\csKyf&mwnf;? þum; onm onf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf a&S;½ªxif\?
wnf;? þum; onm\jzpfaMumif;wnf;? þ (xdkowdonf)tqifhqifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;
um; onm\csKyf&mwnf;? þonfwdkYum; omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSm
ocFg&wdkYwnf;? þonfwdkYum; ocFg&wdkY\jzpf om jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh)
aMumif;wnf;? þonfwdkYum; ocFg&wdkY\csKyf rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\? avmuü wpHkw&m
&mwnf;? þum; 0dnmPfwnf;? þum; udkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/
0dnmPf\jzpfaMumif;wnf;? þum; 0dnmPf\ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;onf oabm
csKyf&mwnf;[k ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ w&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;[k tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sd
þodkY(rdrd\) oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; o onfjzpfí ae\/
abmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí
ae\? olwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; cE¨mig;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf - - -
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf
íae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh
onm= rSwo
f djcif;/
jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ocFg&= jyKjyifpD&ifrI tm;xkwfrI/
0dnmPf= txl;odrI/
77 78
tm,wewpfq,fhESpfyg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif;
ESmacgif;udkvnf;od\? teHYwdkYudkvnf; od
384/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf \? xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;udkvnf;
ajcmufyg;aom twGif;ty tm,we oabm od\? rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\ jzpfaMumif;
w&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh udkvnf; od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\ y,f
&Sdonfjzpfí aeonf/ &[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif aMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oHa,mZOf
&[ef;onf ajcmufyg;aom twGif;ty tm, \ aemiftcg rjzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/
we oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk t vQmudkvnf;od\? t&omwdkYudkvnf; od
BudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/ \? xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;udkvnf;
&[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf od\? rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\ jzpfaMumif;
rsufpdudkvnf; od\? tqif;wdkYudkvnf; od\? udkvnf; od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\ y,f
xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;udkvnf;od\? aMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oHa,mZOf
rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\ jzpfaMumif;udk \ aemiftcg rjzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/
vnf; od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\ y,f udk,fudkvnf;od\? tawGYtxdwdkYudkvnf;
aMumif;udkvnf;od\? y,fNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\ od\? xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;udk
aemiftcg rjzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/ vnf; od\? rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\ jzpf
em;udkvnf;od\? toHwdkYudkvnf; od\? aMumif;udkvnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\
xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;udkvnf;od\? y,faMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oHa,m
rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\ jzpfaMumif;udk ZOf\ aemiftcg rjzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/
vnf; od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf\ y,f pdwfudkvnf; od\? oabmw&m;wdkYudk
aMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oHa,mZOf vnf;od\? xdkESpfyg;pHkudkpGJí oHa,mZOfjzpfjcif;
\ aemiftcg rjzpfaMumif;udkvnf; od\/ udkvnf; od\? rjzpfao;aom oHa,mZOf\
- - - jzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom oHa,mZOf
tm,we= jzpf&mjzpfaMumif;/
79 80
\ y,faMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oH pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;

a,mZOf\ aemiftcgrjzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od\/ onf ajcmufyg;aom twGif;ty tm,we
þodkY(rdrd\) oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;[kk tBudrfBudrf
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
í ae\? olwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf;
tm,wewpfq,fhESpfyg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydi
k f; NyD;\/
- - -
í ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;w&m;
aAmZößifckESpfyg; qifjcifjcif;tydkif;
ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf
jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü ysuf
385/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf
aMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf
aAmZößifckESpfyg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;
½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;
wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí aeonf/
wdkYü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;
&[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf aAmZößif
ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpf
ckESpfyg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk
írlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]oabmw&m;wdkYonf
tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/
omvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf
&[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf
a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod
rdrdoEÅmefü owdoarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
ÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owd
oEÅmefü owdoarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od\? rdrd
wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf
oEÅmefü owdoarÁmZößif r&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\?
avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k) - - -
aAmZößif= opömwdkYuo
kd daMumif;/
81 82
oEÅmefü owdoarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[k od\? rjzpfao; rdrdoEÅmefü yDwdoarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf;

aom owdoarÁmZößif\ jzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od ]]ig\oEÅmefü yDwdoarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od\?
\? jzpfNyD;aom owdoarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif;iSm rdrdoEÅmefü yDwdoarÁmZößif r&SdvQifvnf; ]]ig\
jynfhpHkjcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf; od\/ oEÅmefü yDwdoarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[k od\? rjzpfao;
rdrdoEÅmefü "r®0dp,oarÁmZößif &SdvQif aom yDwdoarÁmZößif\ jzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od\?
vnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü "r®0dp,oarÁmZößif&Sdonf}} jzpfNyD;aom yDwdoarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif;iSm jynfh
[k od\? rdrdoEÅmefü "r®0dp,oarÁmZößif r&Sd pHkjcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf; od\/
vQifvnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü "r®0dp,oarÁmZößifr&Sd}} rdrdoEÅmefü yó'¨doarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf;
[k od\? rjzpfao;aom "r®0dp,oarÁmZößif\ ]]ig\oEÅmefü yó'¨doarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od\?
jzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom "r®0dp, rdrdoEÅmefü yó'¨doarÁmZößif r&SdvQifvnf;]]ig\
oarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif;iSm jynfhpHkjcif;\ t oEÅmefü yó'¨doarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[kod\? rjzpfao;
aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ aom yó'¨doarÁmZößif\ jzpfaMumif;udkvnf;od
rdrdoEÅmefü 0D&d,oarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf; \? jzpfNyD;aom yó'¨doarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif;
]]ig\oEÅmefü 0D&d,oarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od\? iSm jynfhpHkjcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf; od\/
rdrdoEÅmefü 0D&d,oarÁmZößif r&SdvQifvnf;]]ig\ rdrdoEÅmefü orm"doarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf;
oEÅmefü 0D&d,oarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[kod\? rjzpfao; ]]ig\oEÅmefü orm"doarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od\?
aom 0D&d,oarÁmZößif\ jzpfaMumif;udkvnf; rdrdoEÅmefü orm"doarÁmZößif r&SdvQifvnf;
od\? jzpfNyD;aom 0D&d,oarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif; ]]ig\oEÅmefü orm"doarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[kod\? r
iSm jynfhpHkjcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf; od\/ jzpfao;aom orm"doarÁmZößif\ jzpfaMumif;udk
- - - - - -
owdoarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom atmufarhjcif;/ yDwdoarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom ESpfodrfhjcif;/
"r®0dp,oarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom yó'd̈oarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom
oabmw&m;udk pl;prf;qifjcifjcif;/ udk,fpdwf\ Nidrf;csrf;jcif;/
0D&,
d oarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom tm;xkwfjcif;/ orm"doarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom wnfMunfjcif;/
83 84
vnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom orm"doarÁmZößifudk yGg; Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabm

apjcif;iSm jynfhpHkjcif;\ taMumif;udkvnf;od\/ w&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpf
rdrdoEÅmefü Oayu©moarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf; jcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf
]]ig\oEÅmefü Oayu©moarÁmZößif&Sdonf}}[k od jzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif ]]oabmw&m;wdkY
\? rdrdoEÅmefü Oayu©moarÁmZößif r&SdvQif onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; owdonf
vnf; ]]ig\oEÅmefü Oayu©moarÁmZößifr&Sd}} [k a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod
od\? rjzpfao;aom Oayu©moarÁmZößif\ jzpf ÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;omjzpf\? tqifhqifh owd
aMumif;udkvnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom Oayu©m wzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk&[ef;onf
oarÁmZößifudk yGg;apjcif;iSm jynfhpHkjcif;\ t wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; ae\?
aMumif;udkvnf; od\/ avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\Opöm[k)
þodkY(rdrd\) oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; o pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;
abmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí onf aAmZößifckESpfyg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabm
ae\? olwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; o w&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí
abmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/
ae\? rdrdolwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf;
oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf aAmZößifckESpfyg; qifjcifjcif;tydkif; NyD;\/
jzpfí ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;
w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh - - -
&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü
ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrf
- - -
Oayu©moarÁmZößif= r*fÓPf\taMumif;jzpfaom tnDtrQ½Ijcif;/
85 86
opömav;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; 'ku©t&d,opöm
386/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf 387/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku©opöm[lonf tb,fenf;/

t&d,opömav;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabm Zmwdonfvnf; 'ku©wnf;? Z&monfvnf;
w&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfíae\/ 'ku©wnf;? r&Ponfvnf; 'ku©wnf;? aomu
&[ef;wdkY tb,fodkYvQif &[ef;onf t&d, y&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mowdkYonfvnf;
opömav;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabmw&m; 'ku©wdkYwnf;? rcspfcif rESpfoufzG,fwdkYESifh awGY
wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí aeoenf;/ qHkaygif;oif;&jcif;onfvnf; 'ku©wnf;? cspfESpf
&[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf vdkzG,fwdkYESifh uGJuGm auGuGif; &jcif;onfvnf;
]]þum; 'ku©wnf;}}[k [kwfrSefonfhtwdkif; 'ku©wnf;? tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif;onfvnf;
od\? ]]þum; 'ku©jzpfaMumif;wnf;}}[k [kwf 'ku©wnf;? tusOf;tm;jzifh Oyg'geu©E¨m ig;yg;
rSefonfhtwdkif;od\? ]]þum; 'ku©csKyf&mwnf;}} wdkYonf 'ku©wdkYwnf;/
[k [kwfrSefonfhtwdkif; od\? ]]þum; 'ku© 388/ &[ef;wdkY Zmwdonf tb,fenf;/ xdkxdk
eda&m"*grdedy#dy'gwnf;}}[k [kwfrSefonfhtwdkif; owå0gwdkY\ xdkxdkowå0gtpktaygif;ü a&S;OD;
od\? pGmjzpfjcif; (trd0rf;wGif; OcGHwGif;odkY) ouf0if
jcif; udk,fxif&Sm;jzpfjcif; cE¨mudk,f\xif&Sm;
yXrtcPf; NyD;\/ jzpfjcif; tm,wewdkYudk&jcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY
- - - þoabmw&m;udk Zmwd[líac:qdktyf\/
389/ &[ef;wdkY Z&monf tb,fenf;/ xdkxdk
owå0gwdkY\ xdkxdkowå0gtaygif;ü tdkjcif;
tdkaomtjcif;t&m oGm;usKd;jcif; qHjzLjcif; t
'ku©eda&m"*grdey
d #dy'g= qif;&JcsKyf&modkY a&mufaMumif;tusifh/ a&wGefY½IHYjcif; ½kyftoufqkwf,kwfjcif; (rsufpdp
aom) £aÈ´wdkY\ &ifhjcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY
87 88
þoabmw&m;udk Z&m[lí ac:qdktyf\/ y&da'0[lí ac:qdktyf\/

390/ &[ef;wdkY r&Ponf tb,fenf;/ xdk 393/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku©onf tb,fenf;/ &[ef;
xdkowå0gwdkY\ xdkxdkowå0gtaygif;rS a&GYavsm wdkY udk,füjzpfaomqif;&J? udk,füjzpfaomrom
jcif; a&GYavsmaomtjcif;t&m ysufpD;jcif; uG,f ,mjcif;? udk,fawGYaMumifhjzpfaomqif;&J rom
aysmufjcif; oufjywfaoqHk;jcif; uG,fvGefjcif; ,maom cHpm;jcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þoabm
cE¨mwdkY\ysufpD;jcif; udk,fudkypfcsjcif; ZD0dwdaÈ´ w&m;udk 'ku©[lí ac:qdktyf\/
\jywfpJjcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þoabmw&m; 394/ &[ef;wdkY a'greóonf tb,fenf;/
udk r&P[líac:qdktyf\/ &[ef;wdkY pdwfüjzpfaomqif;&J? pdwfüjzpfaom
391/ &[ef;wdkY aomuonf tb,fenf;/ rom,mjcif;? pdwftawGYaMumifhjzpfaomqif;&J?
&[ef;wdkY wrsKd;rsKd;aom ysufpD;jcif;ESifh rvGwf rom,maom cHpm;jcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þ
uif;aom wrsKd;rsKd;aom qif;&JaMumif;ESifh awGY oabmw&m;udk a'greó[lí ac:qdktyf\/
aomowå0g\ pdk;&drfjcif;? pdk;&drfaomtjcif;t 395/ &[ef;wdkY Oyg,moonf tb,fenf;/
&m? pdk;&drfonf\tjzpf? twGif;ü pdk;&drfjcif;? &[ef;wdkY wrsKd;rsKd;aom ysufpD;jcif;ESifh rvGwf
twGif;ü jyif;pGmpdk;&drfjcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY uif;aom wrsKd;rsKd;aom qif;&Jjcif;\taMumif;
þoabmw&m;udk aomu[lí ac:qdktyf\/ ESifhawGYMuHKaom owå0g\ yifyef;jcif;? yifyef;
392/ &[ef;wdkY y&da'0onf tb,fenf;/ onf\tjzpf? jyif;pGmyifyef;onf\tjzpfwnf;/
&[ef;wdkY wrsKd;rsKd;aom ysufpD;jcif;ESifh rvGwf &[ef;wdkY þoabmw&m;udk Oyg,mo[lí
uif;aom wrsKd;rsKd;aom qif;&JaMumif;ESifh awGY ac:qdktyf\/
aom owå0g\ idka<u;jcif;? jyif;pGmidka<u;jcif;? 396/ &[ef;wdkY rcspfrESpfvdkzG,fwdkYESifh awGYqHk
idka<u;aomtjcif;t&m? jyif;pGmidka<u;aomtjcif; aygif;oif;&jcif; qif;&Jonf tb,fenf;/ þ
t&m? idka<u;onf\tjzpf? jyif;pGmidka<u;onf avmuü rvdkvm; rESpfouf rjrwfEdk;tyfukef
\ tjzpfwnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þoabmw&m;udk aom tqif; toH teHY t&om tawGYtxd
89 90
oabmw&m;wdkYaomfvnf;aumif; tusKd;rJhjcif; 398/ &[ef;wdkY tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif; qif;&J

tpD;tyGg;rJhjcif; rcsrf;omjcif; ab;rNidrf;jcif;udk onf tb,fenf;/ &[ef;wdkY Zmwdoabm
vdkvm;ukefaom olwdkYaomfvnf;aumif; xdkol &Sdukefaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]igwdkYonf Zmwdo
tm; &Sdukef\? xdk(tm½Hkowå0g)wdkYESifhwuG awGY abm r&SdMuukefrl aumif;avpG? Zmwdonf
&jcif; qHk&jcif; aygif;az:&jcif; a&maESm&jcif; ighxHodkY rvmrlum; aumif;avpG}}[k þodkY
wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þw&m;oabmudk rcspfrESpf aom awmifhwjcif;onf jzpfay:\? ,if;odkY
vdkzG,fwdkYESifh awGYqHkaygif;oif;&jcif; qif;&J[lí awmifhwaomfvnf; þ(Zmwdrvmjcif;)udk
ac:qdktyf\/ awmifhwjcif;jzifhr&tyf? þonfvnf; tvdk&Sd
397/ &[ef;wdkY cspfESpfvdkzG,fwdkYESifh uGJuGm onfudk r&jcif; qif;&Jrnf\/ &[ef;wdkY Z&m
auGuGif;&jcif; qif;&Jonf tb,fenf;/ þ oabm&Sdukefaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]igwdkYonf
avmuü vdkvm;ESpfouf jrwfEdk;tyfukefaom Z&moabm r&SdMuukefrl aumif;avpG? Z&m
tqif; toH teHY t&om tawGYtxd o onf ighxHodkY rvmrlum; aumif;avpG}}[k þ
abmw&m;wdkYaomfvnf;aumif; tusKd;pD;yGg; odkYaom awmifhwjcif;onf jzpfay:\? ,if;odkY
csrf;omjcif; ab;uif;jcif;udk vdkvm;ukefaom awmifhwaomfvnf; þ (Z&mrvmjcif;)udk
trdtz nDtudk armifESpfr rdwfaqG taygif; awmifhwjcif;jzifh r&tyf? þonfvnf; tvdk&Sd
taz: aqGrsKd;om;jcif;wdkYaomfvnf;aumif; xdk onfudk r&jcif; qif;&Jrnf\/ &[ef;wdkY
oltm;&Sdukef\/ xdk (tm½Hkowå0g) wdkYESifhwuG Asm"doabm&Sdukefaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]igwdkY
rawGY&jcif; rqHk&jcif; raygif;az:&jcif; ra&m onf Asm"doabm r&SdMuukefrl aumif;avpG?
aESm&jcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þoabmw&m;udk Asm"donf ighxHodkY rvmrlum; aumif;avpG}}[k
cspfESpfvdkzG,fwdkYESifh uGJuGm auGuGif;&jcif;qif;&J þodkYaom awmifhwjcif;onf jzpfay:\?
[lí ac:qdktyf\/ - - -
Zmwd= y#doaE¨wnfaejcif;/ Z&m= tdkjcif;/
r&P= aojcif;/ Asm"d= emjcif;/
91 92
,if;odkYawmifhwaomfvnf; þ (Asm"drvmjcif;) 399/ &[ef;wdkY tusOf;csKyftm;jzifh ig;yg;aom

udk awmifhwjcif;jzifh r&tyf? þonfvnf; Oyg'geu©E¨m qif;&JwdkY[lonf tb,fenf;/
tvdk&Sd onfudk r&jcif;qif;&Jrnf\/ &[ef;wdkY ig;yg;aom Oyg'geu©E¨mwdkY[lonf ½kyf Oyg'g
r&Poabm&Sdukefaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]igwdkY eu©E¨m? a0'em Oyg'geu©E¨m? onm Oyg'g
onf r&Poabm r&SdMuukefrl aumif;avpG? eu©E¨m? ocFg& Oyg'geu©E¨m? 0dnmPf Oyg'g
r&Ponf ighxHodkY rvmrlum; aumif;avpG}} eu©E¨mwdkYaywnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þOyg'geu©E¨m
[k þodkYaom awmifhwjcif;onf jzpfay:\? ig;yg;wdkYudk tusOf;csKyftm;jzifh ig;yg;aom
,if;odkYawmifhwaomfvnf; þ r&Prvmjcif; Oyg'geu©E¨m qif;&JwdkY[lí qdktyfukef\/
udk awmifhwjcif;jzifh r&tyf? þonfvnf; &[ef;wdkY þoabmw&m;udk 'ku©t&d,
tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif; qif;&Jrnf\/ &[ef; opöm[k qdktyf\/
wdkY aomu y&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mo
'ku©t&d,opöm NyD;\/
oabm&Sdukefaom owå0gwdkYtm; ]]igwdkYonf
- - -
aomu y&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mo
oabm r&SdMuukefrl aumif;avpG? aomu 'ku©ork', t&d,opöm
y&da'0 'ku© a'greó Oyg,mo oabm
wdkYonf ighxHodkY rvmrlum; aumif;avpG}}[k 400/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku© ork', t&d,opömonf
þodkYaom awmifhwjcif;onf jzpfay:\? tb,fenf;/ wzef b0opfudk jzpfapwwf
,if;odkYawmifhwaomfvnf; þaomuponfwdkY aom ESpfouf wyfrufjcif;ESifh wuG jzpfaom
rvmjcif;udk awmifhwjcif;jzifh r&tyf? þonf xdkxdk b0tm½Hkü tvGefESpfoufjcif;&Sdaom
vnf; tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif; qif;&Jrnf\/ wPSmwnf;/ xdkwPSmonf tb,fenf;/
- - -
umrwPSm b0wPSm 0db0wPSmwdkYwnf;/
aomu= pdk;&dry
f lyefjcif;/ y&da'0= idka<u;jcif;/
'ku©= udk,fqif;&Jjcif;/ a'greó= pdwfqif;&Jjcif;/ - - -
Oyg,mo= jyif;pGmylyefjcif;/ Oyg'geu©E¨m= Oyg'gef\ tm½Hw
k &m;pk/
93 94
&[ef;wdkY xdkwPSmjzpfonf&Sdaomf tb,f þvQmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þvQmü

ü jzpfoenf;? wnfonf&Sdaom tb,fü wnf wnf\/ avmuü udk,fonf cspfcifzG,f om
oenf;? avmuücspfcifzG,f oabmonf&Sd\? ,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sd
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þcspfcifzG,f aomf þudk,füjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ
om,mzG,f tm½Hkü jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf udk,fü wnf\/ avmuüpdwfonf cspfcifzG,f
þ(cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f tm½Hk)ü wnf\/ om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
avmuü cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmonf onf&Sdaomf þpdwfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf
tb,fenf;/ avmuürsufpdonf cspfcifzG,f þpdwfü wnf\/
om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf avmuü ½lyg½HkwdkYonf cspfcifzG,f om
jzpfonf&Sdaomf þrsufpdüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd ,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf
aomf þrsufpdü wnf\/ avmuü em;onf &Sdaomf þ½lyg½HkwdkYüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf
cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm þ½lyg½HkwdkYü wnf\/ avmuü o'´g½HkwdkYonf
onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þem;üjzpf\? wnf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm
onf&Sdaomf þem;ü wnf\/ avmuü ESm onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þo'´g½HkwdkYüjzpf\?
acgif;onf cspfcifzG,fom,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þo'´g½HkwdkYü wnf\/ avm
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þESmacgif;üjzpf uü *E¨m½HkwdkYonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f
\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þESmacgif;ü wnf\/ oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf
avmuü vQmonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f þ*E¨m½HkwdkYüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ*E¨m½Hk
oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf wdkYü wnf\/ avmuü &om½HkwdkYonf cspfcif
zG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf
- - -
wPSm= wyfrufjcif;/ umrwPSm= umrbHü
k wyfrufjcif;/ jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&om½HkwdkYüjzpf\? wnfonf
b0wPSm= ½lyt½lybHkwdkYü wyfrufjcif;/ - - -
0db0wPSm= Oapä''d|E
d i
S fw
h uGjzpfaom wyfrufjcif;/ ½lyg½Hk= tqif;/ o'´g½H=
k toH/ *E¨m½H=
k teHY/ &om½H=
k t&om/
95 96
&Sdaomf þ&om½HkwdkYü wnf\/ avmuü azm- 0dnmPfü wnf\/ avmuü Zd0Sg0dnmPfonf

|AÁm½HkwdkYonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm
jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þZd0Sg0dnmPfüjzpf\?
azm|AÁm½HkwdkYü jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ wnfonf&Sdaomf þZd0Sg0dnmPfü wnf\/
azm|AÁm½HkwdkYü wnf\/ avmuü w&m;oabm avmuü um,0dnmPfonf cspfcifzG,f om
wdkYonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? ,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þw&m;wdkYü &Sdaomf þum,0dnmPfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd
jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þw&m;wdkYü wnf\/ aomf þum,0dnmPfü wnf\/ avmuü
avmuü pu©K0dnmPfonf cspfcifzG,f raem0dnmPfonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f o
om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf abmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ
onf&Sdaomf þpu©K0dnmPfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd raem0dnmPfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þraem
aomf þpu©K0dnmPfü wnf\/ avmuü 0dnmPfü wnf\/
aomw0dnmPfonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f avmuü pu©Koræóonf cspfcifzG,f
oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
þaomw0dnmPfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ onf&Sdaomf þpu©Koræóüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd
aomw0dnmPfü wnf\/ avmuü Cme aomf þpu©Koræóü wnf\/ avmuü
0dnmPfonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm aomworæóonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f o
jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þCme abmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ
0dnmPfüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þCme aomworæóüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ
- - - - - -
azm|AÁm½Hk= tawGYtxd/ pu©K0dnmPf= rsufpdürSDaompdwf/ Zd0Sg0dnmPf= vQmürSDaompdwf/ um,0dnmPf= ud,
k ü
f rSDaompdw/f
aomw0dnmPf= em;ürSDaompdw/f raem0dnmPf= raemürSDaompdw/f pu©Koræó= rsufpdtawGY/
Cme0dnmPf= ESmacgif;ürSDaompdw/f aomworæó= em;tawGY/
97 98
aomworæóü wnf\/ avmuü Cme üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þpu©KoræóZm

oræóonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm a0'emü wnf\/ avmuü aomworæóZm
jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þCme a0'emonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf
oræóüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þCme \? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þaomw
oræóü wnf\/ avmuü Zd0Sgoræóonf oræóZm a0'emüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ
cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm aomworæóZm a0'emü wnf\/ avmuü
onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þZd0Sgoræóüjzpf\? CmeoræóZm a0'emonf cspfcifzG,f om,m
wnfonf&Sdaomf þZd0Sgoræóü wnf\/ zG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sd
avmuü um,oræóonf cspfcifzG,f om aomf þCmeoræóZm a0'emüjzpf\? wnf
,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf onf&Sdaomf þCmeoræóZm a0'emüwnf\/
&Sdaomf þum,oræóüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd avmuü Zd0SgoræóZm a0'emonf cspfcifzG,f
aomf þum,oræóü wnf\/ avmuü om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
raemoræóonf cspfcifzG,fom,mzG,f oabm onf&Sdaomf þZd0SgoræóZm a0'emüjzpf\?
jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þraem wnfonf&Sdaomf þZd0SgoræóZm a0'emü
oræóüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þraem wnf\/ avmuü um,oræóZm a0'em
oræóü wnf\/ onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\?
avmuü pu©KoræóZm a0'emonf cspf xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þum,oræó
cifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm Zm a0'emüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þum,
onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þpu©KoræóZm a0'em oræóZm a0'emü wnf\/ avmuü raem
- - -
- - - aomworæóZma0'em= em;tawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/
Cmeoræó= ESmacgif;tawGY/ Zd0Sgoræó= vQmtawGY/ CmeoræóZma0'em= ESmacgif;tawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/
um,oræó= ud,
k t
f awGY/ raemoræó= raemtawGY/ Zd0SgoræóZma0'em= vQmtawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/
pu©KoræóZma0'em= rsufpdtawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/ um,oræóZma0'em= udk,ftawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/
99 100
oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf

oræóZm a0'emonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f
þazm|AÁonmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ
azm|AÁonmü wnf\/ avmuü "r®onm
þraemoræóZm a0'emüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd
onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\?
aomf þraemoræóZm a0'emü wnf\/
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®onmüjzpf
avmuü ½lyonmonf cspfcifzG,f om
\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®onmü wnf\/
,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf
avmuü ½lyoaOöwemonf cspfcifzG,f
&Sdaomf þ½lyonmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf
om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
þ½lyonmü wnf\/ avmuü o'ónm
onf&Sdaomf þ½lyoaOöwemüjzpf\? wnfonf
&Sdaomf þ½lyoaOöwemü wnf\/ avmuü
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þo'ónmü
o'óaOöwemonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f o
jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þo'ónmüwnf\/
abmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ
avmuü *Eönmonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f
o'óaOöwemüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þo'´
oaOöwemü wnf\/ avmuü *EöaOöwem
þ*Eönmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ*E¨
onmü wnf\/ avmuü &oonmonf
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ*EöaOöwem
cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm
üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ*EöaOöwemü
onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&oonmüjzpf\?
wnf\/ avmuü &ooaOöwemonf cspfcif
wnfonf&Sdaomf þ&oonmü wnf\/ avm
zG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf
uü azm|AÁonmonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f - - -
azm|AÁonm= azm|AÁm½HkürSwfom;jcif;/
- - - "r®onm= "r®m½Hü
k rSwfom;jcif;/
raemoræóZma0'em= raemtawGYaMumifhjzpfaomcHpm;jcif;/ ½lyoaOöwem= ½lyg½Hü
k aphaqmfjcif;/
½lyonm= ½lyg½HkürSwo
f m;jcif;/ o'ónm= o'´g½Hü
k rSwo
f m;jcif;/ o'óaOöwem= o'´g½Hküaphaqmfjcif;/
*Eönm= *E¨m½Hü
k rSwfom;jcif;/ &oonm=&om½Hü
k rSwfom;jcif;/ *EöaOöwem= *E¨m½Hü
k aphaqmfjcif;/
101 102
jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&ooaOöwemüjzpf\? wnf ,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf

onf&Sdaomf þ&ooaOöwemü wnf\/ avm &Sdaomf þ*E¨wPSmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf
uü azm|AÁoaOöwemonf cspfcifzG,f om,m þ*E¨wPSmü wnf\/ avmuü &owPSm
zG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sd onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\?
aomf þazm|AÁoaOöwemüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&owPSmü
aomf þazm|AÁoaOöwemü wnf\/ avmuü jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ&owPSmü wnf
"r®oaOöwemonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f o \/ avmuü azm|AÁwPSmonf cspfcifzG,f
abmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
"r®oaOöwemüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ"r® onf&Sdaomf þazm|AÁwPSmüjzpf\? wnfonf
oaOöwemü wnf\/ &Sdaomf þazm|AÁwPSmü wnf\/ avmuü
avmuü ½lywPSmonf cspfcifzG,f om "r®wPSmonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm
,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®
&Sdaomf þ½lywPSmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf wPSmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®wPSmü
þ½lywPSmü wnf\/ avmuü o'´wPSm wnf\/
onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? avmuü ½ly0dwufonf cspfcifzG,f om
xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þo'´wPSmü ,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf
jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þo'´wPSmü wnf &Sdaomf þ½ly0dwufüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf
\/ avmuü *E¨wPSmonf cspfcifzG,f om þ½ly0dwufü wnf\/ avmuü o'´0dwuf
- - - - - -
&ooaOöwem= &om½Hü
k aphaqmfjcif;/ *E¨wPSm= *E¨½kHü wyfrufjcif;/
azm|AÁoaOöwem= azm|AÁm½Hü
k aphaqmfjcif;/ &owPSm= &om½Hkü wyfrufjcif;/
"r®oaOöwem= "r®m½Hkü aphaqmfjcif;/ azm|AÁwPSm= azm|AÁm½Hkü wyfrufjcif;/
½lywPSm= ½lyg½Hkü wyfrufjcif;/ "r®wPSm= "r®m½Hü
k wyfrufjcif;/
o'´wPSm= o'´½Hkü wyfrufjcif;/ ½ly0dwuf= ½lyg½Hkü MuHpnfjcif;/
103 104
onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdk &Sdaomf þ½ly0dpm&üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf

wPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þo'´0dwufüjzpf þ½ly0dpm&üwnf\/ avmuü o'´0dpm&onf
\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þo'´0dwufü wnf\/ cspfcifzG,fom,mzG,foabmjzpf\?xdkwPSmonf
avmuü *E¨0dwufonf cspfcifzG,fom,mzG,f jzpfonf&Sdaomf þo'´0dpm&üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd
oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf aomf þo'´0dpm&üwnf\/ avmuü *E¨0dpm&
þ*E¨0dwufüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ*E¨ onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdk
0dwufüwnf\/ avmuü &o0dwufonf cspf wPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ*E¨0dpm&üjzpf\?
cifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf wnfonf&Sdaomf þ*E¨0dpm&ü wnf\/ avmu
jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&o0dwufüjzpf\? wnfonf ü &o0dpm&onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm
&Sdaomf þ&o0dwufü wnf\/ avmuü jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&o
azm|AÁ0dwufonf cspfcifzG,fom,mzG,foabm 0dpm&üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ&o0dpm&ü
jzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þazm wnf\/ avmuü azm|AÁ0dpm&onf cspfcifzG,f
|AÁ0dwufüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þazm|AÁ om,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpf
0dwufü wnf\/ avmuü "r®0dwufonf onf&Sdaomf þazm|AÁ0dpm&üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sd
cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdkwPSm aomf þazm|AÁ0dpm&üwnf\/ avmuü "r®
onf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dwufüjzpf\? 0dpm&onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\?
wnfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dwufü wnf\/ xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dpm&ü
avmuü ½ly0dpm&onf cspfcifzG,f om jzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dpm&ü wnf\/
,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf &[ef;wdkY þw&m;oabmudk t&d,mwdkY odtyf
- - - aom 'ku© ork', t&d,opöm[lí qdktyf\/
o'´0w
d uf= o'´½Hü
k MuHpnfjcif;/ 'ku©ork', t&d,opöm NyD;\/
*E¨0dwuf= *E¨½Hkü MuHpnfjcif;/ &o0dwuf= &o½Hkü MuHpnfjcif;/ azm|AÁ0dpm&= azm|AÁm½Hkü oHk;oyfqifjcifjcif;/
azm|AÁ0dwuf= azm|AÁm½Hkü MuHpnfjcif;/ "r®0p
d m&= "r®m½Hü
k oHk;oyfqifjcifjcif;/
"r®0w
d uf= "r®m½Hü
k MuHpnfjcif;/ t&d,opöm= qif;&JjzpfaMumif; t&d,mwdkY odtyfaomtrSew
f &m;/
105 106
'ku©eda&m" t&d,opöm
y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þESmacgif;ü y,ftyf\?
csKyfonf&Sdaomf þESmacgif;ü csKyf\? avmuü
401/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku©eda&m"opömonf tb,f
vQmonf cspfcifzG,foabm om,mzG,foabm
enf;/ xdkwPSm\omvQif t<uif;r&Sd uif;csKyf
jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þvQm
&m wPSmudkpGefY&m wPSmudka0;pGmpGefY&m wPSm
üy,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þvQmü csKyf\?
rSvGwfajrmuf&m wPSmjzifhruyfNid&medAÁmefwnf;/
avmuü udk,fonf cspfcifzG,foabm om,m
&[ef;wdkY xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf
zG,foabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sd
tb,füy,ftyfoenf;? csKyfonf&Sdaomf tb,f
aomf þudk,fü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf
ücsKyfoenf;/ avmuü cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f
þudk,fü csKyf\? avmuü pdwfonf cspfcif
oabmonf &Sd\/ xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf
zG,foabm om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdk
&Sdaomf þcspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmü y,f
wPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þpdwfü y,ftyf
tyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þcspfcifzG,f om,m
\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þpdwfü csKyf\?
zG,f oabmü csKyf\/
avmuü ½lyg½HkwdkYonf/ avmuü o'´g½Hk
avmuü cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f oabm
wdkYonf? avmuü *E¨m½HkwdkYonf/ avmuü
onf tb,fenf;/ avmuü rsufpdonf cspf
&om½HkwdkYonf/ avmuü azm|AÁm½HkwdkYonf/
cifzG,foabm om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdk
avmuü "r®m½HkwdkYonf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f
wPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þrsufpdü y,f
oabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf
tyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þrsufpdücsKyf\? avm
þw&m;ü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þ
uü em;onf cspfcifzG,foabm om,mzG,f
w&m;wdkYü csKyf\/
oabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf
avmuü pu©K0dnmPfonf/ avmuü
þem;ü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þ em;ü
aomw0dnmPfonf? avmuü Cme0dnmPf
csKyf\? avmuü ESmacgif;onf cspfcifzG,f
onf/ avmuü Zd0Sg0dnmPfonf/ avmuü
oabm om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmudk
107 108
um,0dnmPfonf/ avmuü raem0dnmPfonf avmuü pu©Konmonf/ avmuü aomw

cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabm jzpf\ xdkwPSm onmonf/ avmuü Cmeonmonf/ avm
udk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þraem0dnmPfü y,f uü Zd0Sgonmonf/ avmuü um,onm
tyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þraem0dnmPfücsKyf\/ onf/ avmuü raemonmonf cspfcifzG,f
avmuü pu©Koræóonf/ avmuü om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyf
aomworæóonf/ avmuü Cmeoræó onf&Sdaomf þ"r®onmüy,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sd
onf/ avmuü Zd0Sgoræóonf/ avmuü aomf þ"r®onmwdkYü csKyf\/
um,oræóonf/ avmuü raemoræóonf avmuü ½lyoaOöwemonf/ avmuü
cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdkwPSm o'óaOöwemonf/ avmuü *EöaOöwem
udk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þraemoræóü y,f onf/ avmuü &ooaOöwemonf/ avmuü
tyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þraemoræówdkYü azm|AÁoaOöwemonf/ avmuü "r®oaOöwem
csKyf\/ onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabm jzpf\?
avmuü pu©KoræóZm a0'emonf/ xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®oaOöw
avmuü aomworæóZm a0'emonf? avm emü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®oaOöw
uü CmeoræóZm a0'emonf/ avmuü emü csKyf\/
Zd0SgoræóZm a0'emonf/ avmuü um, avmuü ½lywPSmonf/ avmuü o'´
oræóZm a0'emonf/ avmuü raemoræó wPSmonf/ avmuü *E¨wPSmonf/ avmu
Zm a0'emonf/ cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabm ü &owPSmonf/ avmuü azm|AÁwPSm
jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf þraem onf/ avmuü "r®wPSmonf cspfcifzG,f
oræóZm a0'emü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,f
þraemoræóZm a0'emwdkYü csKyf\/ tyfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®wPSmü y,ftyf\? csKyf
onf&Sdaomf þ"r®wPSmü csKyf\/
109 110
avmuü ½ly0dwufonf/ avmuü o'´ 'ku©eda&m"*grdeDy#dy'g t&d,opöm
0dwufonf/ avmuü *E¨0dwufonf/ avmu

ü &o0dwufonf/ avmuü azm|AÁ0dwuf 402/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku©eda&m"*grdedy#dy'g t&d,
onf/ avmuü "r®0dwufonf cspfcifzG,f opömonf tb,fenf;/ jrwfaom t*Fg&Spfyg;&Sd
om,mzG,foabm jzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,f aom þr*ftusifhvrf;wnf;/ þr*ftusifhvrf;
tyfonf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dwufü y,ftyf\? csKyf wdkYonf tb,fwdkYenf;/ or®m'd|d or®mouFyÜ
onf&Sdaomf þ"r®0dwufü csKyf\/ or®m0gpm or®mur®EÅ or®mtmZD0 or®m0g,mr
avmuü ½ly0dpm&onf/ avmuü o'´ or®mowd or®morm"dwdkYaywnf;/
0dpm&onf/ avmuü *E¨0dpm&onf/ avmuü &[ef;wdkY or®m'd|donf tb,fenf;/
&o0dpm&onf/ avmuü azm|AÁ0dpm&onf/ 'ku©ü odjrifjcif;? 'ku©\jzpfaMumif;ü od
avmuü "r®0dpm&onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,f jrifjcif;? 'ku©\ csKyf&m(edAÁmef)ü odjrifjcif;?
oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmudk y,ftyfonf&Sdaomf 'ku©\csKyf&m edAÁmefodkY a&mufaMumif;tusifhü
þ"r®0dpm&ü y,ftyf\? csKyfonf&Sdaomf þ odjrifjcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þ(odjrifjcif;)udk
"r®0dpm&ü csKyf\/ rSefpGm odjrifjcif; ]or®m'd|d}[lí qdktyf\/
&[ef;wdkY þw&m;oabmudk 'ku©eda&m"
t&d,opöm[lí qdktyf\/ - - -
'ku©eda&m"*grdey
D #dy'g t&d,opöm= qif;&JcsKyf&modkYa&mufaMumif;
tusifh[a
l om t&d,mwdkYot
d yfaomtrSew
f &m;/
or®m'd|d= rSefpGm odjrifjcif;/ or®mouFyÜ= rSefpGm MuHpnfjcif;/
or®m0gpm= rSep
f Gm ajymqdjk cif;/ or®mur®E=
Å rSep
f mG jyKvkyfjcif;/
'ku©eda&m" t&d,opöm NyD;\/
or®mtmZD0= rSefpGm toufarG;jcif;/
- - - or®m0g,mr= rSefpGm tm;xkwfjcif;/
or®mowd= rSep
f Gm atmufarhjcif;/
'ku©eda&m" t&d,opöm= 'ku©\csKyf&m t&d,mwdkYodtyfaomw&m;/ or®morm"d= rSefpGm wnfMunfjcif;/
111 112
&[ef;wdkY or®mouFyÜonf tb,fenf;/ \/ &[ef;wdkY þtoufarG;jcif;udk rSefpGm

(umrtm½HkrS) vGwfuif;aom MuHpnfjcif;? toufarG;jcif; ]or®mtmZD0}[lí qdktyf\/
zsufqD;jcif;rS vGwfuif;aom MuHpnfjcif;? n§Of; &[ef;wdkY or®m0g,mronf tb,fenf;/
qJjcif;rS vGwfuif;aom MuHpnfjcif;wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf
&[ef;wdkY þ(MuHjcif;)udk rSefpGmMuHjcif; ]or®m rjzpfao;aom ,kwfrmaom tukodkvfw&m;
ouFyÜ}[lí qdktyf\/ wdkYudk rjzpfay:ap&ef qEúdk jzpfap\? tm;
&[ef;wdkY or®m0gpmonf tb,fenf;/ xkwf\? vHkYvjyK\? pdwfudkcsD;ajr§muf\? aqmuf
r[kwfrrSefajymjcif;rS MuOfa&Smifjcif;? *Hk; wnf\? jzpfNyD;aom ,kwfrmaom tukodkvf
pum;rS MuOfa&Smifjcif;? ½kefYMurf;aompum;rS w&m;wdkYudky,f&ef qEúdkjzpfap\? tm;xkwf\?
MuOfa&Smifjcif;? Nydefzsif;aompum;rS MuOfa&Smif vHkYvjyK\? pdwfudkcsD;ajr§muf\? aqmufwnf\?
jcif;wnf;? &[ef;wdkY þMuOfa&Smifjcif;udk rSefpGm rjzpfao;aom ukodkvfw&m;wdkYudk jzpfap&ef
ajymqdkjcif; ]or®m0gpm}[lí qdktyf\/ qEúdk jzpfap\? tm;xkwf\? vHkYvjyK\?
&[ef;wdkY or®mur®EÅonf tb,fenf;/ pdwfudkcsD;ajr§muf\? aqmufwnf\? jzpfNyD;aom
toufudk owfjcif;rS MuOfa&Smifjcif;? ukodkvfw&m;wdkY wnfjrJap&ef raysmufysufap
ray;onfudk ,ljcif;rS MuOfa&Smifjcif;? umr*kPf &ef wdk;wufjzpfyGg;ap&ef jyefYajymap&ef yGg;rsm;
wdkYü rSm;,Gif;pGm usifhjcif;rS MuOfa&Smifjcif; rI jynfhpHkap&ef qEúdk jzpfap\? tm;xkwf\?
wnf;/ &[ef;wdkY þMuOfa&Smifjcif;udk rSefpGmjyK vHkYvjyK\? pdwfudkcsD;ajr§muf\? aqmufwnf\?
vkyfjcif; ]or®mur®EÅ}[lí qdktyf\/ &[ef;wdkY þ(tm;xkwfjcif;)udk rSefpGmtm;xkwf
&[ef;wdkY or®mtmZD0onf tb,fenf;/ jcif; ]or®m0g,mr}[lí qdktyf\/
[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü t&d,mjzpf &[ef;wdkY or®mowdonf tb,fenf;/
aom wynfhonf rSm;,Gif;pGm toufarG;jcif;udk &[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf
y,fpGefYí? rSefpGm toufarG;jcif;jzifh toufarG; jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonfjzpfí orÜZOf
113 114
ESifhwuGjzpfaom 0dpm&ESifhwuGjzpfaom eD0&P

ÓPf&Sdonfjzpfí owdonfjzpfí avmuü
uif;jcif;aMumifh jzpfonfh yDwdokc&Sdaom yXr
tbdZößm a'greóudky,fazsmufí ½kyftaygif;ü
psmefodkY a&mufíae\/
½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfíae
0dwuf 0dpm&Nidrf;jcif;aMumifh rdrdoEÅmefü
\? jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonfjzpfí
pdwfudkMunfvifapwwfaom orm"dudk yGg;ap
wwfaom 0dwufvnf;r&Sdaom 0dpm&vnf;r&Sd
uü tbdZößm a'greóudky,fazsmufí a0'em
aom orm"daMumifhjzpfonfh yDwdokc&Sdaom
wdkYü a0'emwdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí
'kwd,psmefodkY a&mufíae\/
ae\? jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonfjzpfí
yDwd\vnf; uif;jcif;aMumifh trQ½Ivsuf
owd&Sdvsuf qifjcifvsufae\? okcudkvnf;
uü tbdZößm a'greóudky,fazsmufí pdwfü
udk,fjzifh cHpm;\? tMuif(wwd,psmef)aMumifh
pdwfudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfíae\?
xdkoludk]]trQ½Iol owd&Sdol csrf;ompGmaeavh&Sdol}}
jyif;pGmtm;xkwfaom vHkYv&Sdonfjzpfí orÜZOf
[k t&d,m(yk*¾dKvf)wdkYonf csD;rGrf;ajymqdkukef\/
ÓPf &Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avmuü
xdk wwd,psmefodkY a&mufíae\/
tbdZößm a'greóudk y,fazsmufí oabm
csrf;omqif;&Judk y,fjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif;
w&m;wdkYü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf½Iavh
a&S;OD;uyif 0rf;omjcif; ESvHk;romjcif;wdkY\
&Sdonf jzpfíae\? &[ef;wdkYþ(atmufarhjcif;)
csKyfjcif;aMumifhvnf;aumif; qif;&Jcsrf;omuif;
owdudk rSefpGmatmufarhjcif; ]or®mowd}[lí
aom(Oayu©m)aMumifh owd\ pifMu,fjcif;&Sd
qdktyf\/
aom pwkw¬psmefodkY a&mufíae\? &[ef;wdkY
&[ef;wdkY or®morm"donf tb,fenf;/
þorm"dudk rSefpGmwnfMunfjcif; ]or®morm"d}
&[ef;wdkY þomoemawmfü &[ef;onf
[lí qdktyf\/ &[ef;wdkY þw&m; oabmudk
umr*kPfwdkYrS uif;íomvQif jzpfaom tuk
'ku©eda&m"*grdeDy#dy'g t&d,opöm[lí qdktyf
odkvfw&m;wdkYrS uif;íomvQif jzpfaom 0dwuf
\/
115 116
403/ þodkY(rdrd\) oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; ü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf

oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfí ae\/
jzpfí ae\? olwyg;\ oabmw&m;wdkYürl opömtydkif; NyD;\/
vnf; oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sd oabmw&m;udk qifjcifjcif; NyD;\/
onfjzpfí ae\? rdrdolwyg;\ oabmw&m; - - -

wdkYürlvnf; oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü 404/ &[ef;wdkY rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrqdk þowd
jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf y|mefav;yg;wdkYudk ckESpfESpfwdkYywfvHk; þa[mjy
Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabm aomenf;jzifh yGg;jim;tHh? xdkyGg;aomyk*¾dKvftm;
w&m;wdkYü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;o rsufarSmufb0üyif t&[wåzdkvfjzpfap Oyg'gef
abmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; t<uif;&Sdao;vQif tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvf
ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;ysufaMumif; ESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg;aomzdkvfudk (trSef&ay
w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;ysufjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf rnf[k) tvdk&Sdtyf\/
½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfírlvnf; ae\? xdkYjyif]]oabm &[ef;wdkY ckESpfESpfudkxm;bdOD;/ &[ef;wdkY
w&m;wdkYonfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrqdk þowdy|mefav;yg;wdkYudk
owdonf a&S;½ªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifh ajcmuffESpfwdkYywfvHk; þa[mjyaomenf;jzifh yGg;
qifh todÓPf wdk;yGg;jcif;iSgomjzpf\? tqifh jim;tHh? xdkyGg;aomyk*¾dKvftm; rsufarSmufb0üyif
qifh owdwzef wdk;yGg;jcif;iSmom jzpf\? (xdk t&[wåzdkvfjzpfap Oyg'geft<uif;&Sdao;vQif
&[ef;onf wPSm'd|dwdkYjzifh) rrSDrwG,frlívnf; tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvfESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;
ae\? avmuü wpHkw&mudkrQvnf; (ig ig\ yg;aomzdkvfudk (trSef&ayrnf[k) tvdk&Sdtyf\/
Opöm[k) pGJvnf;rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; ig;ESpfwdkYywfvHk;/ av;ESpfwdkYywfvHk;/ oHk;ESpfwdkY
&[ef;onf t&d,opömav;yg; oabmw&m;wdkY ywfvHk;/ ESpfESpfwdkYywfvHk;/ wESpfywfvHk;/
117 118
&[ef;wdkY wESpfudk xm;bdOD;/ &[ef;wdkY tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvfESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg;

rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrqdk þowdy|mefav;yg;wdkYudk aomzdkvfudk (trSef&ayrnf[k) tvdk&Sdtyf\/
ckESpfvwdkYywfvHk; þa[mjyaomenf;jzifh yGg;jim; 405/ ]]&[ef;wdkY þc&D;vrf;onf owå0gwdkY\
tHh? xdkyGg;aomyk*¾dKvftm; rsufarSmufb0üyif pdwfpifMu,f&ef pdk;&drfylyefjcif; idka<u;jcif;wdkYudk
t&[wåzdkvfjzpfap Oyg'geft<uif;&Sdao;vQif vGefajrmuf&ef udk,fqif;&Jjcif; pdwfqif;&Jjcif;wdkY
tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvfESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg; csKyfNidrf;&ef t&d,r*fudk&&ef edAÁmefudk rsufarSmuf
aomzdkvfudk (trSef&ayrnf[k) tvdk&Sdtyf\/ jyK&ef waMumif;wnf;aom c&D;vrf;jzpf\?
&[ef;wdkY ckESpfvudk xm;bdOD;/ &[ef;wdkY ,if;onfhc&D;vrf;um; þowdy|mefav;yg;wdkY
rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrqdk þowdy|mefav;yg;wdkYudk yifwnf;}}[k þodkY tMuif owdy|mefw&m;
ajcmuffvwdkYywfvHk; þa[mjyaomenf;jzifh yGg; ausnmcsufudk igqdkcJh\/ þausnmcsufudk
jim;tHh? xdkyGg;aomyk*¾dKvftm; rsufarSmufb0üyif þ(tusKd;ESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg; trSef&&SdEdkif
t&[wåzdkvfjzpfap Oyg'geft<uif;&Sdao;vQif jcif;)udk &nf&G,fíqdk\[k jrwfpGmbk&m;onf
tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvfESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg; þw&m;awmfudk a[mawmfrl\/ xdk&[ef;wdkY
aomzdkvfudk (trSef&ayrnf[k) tvdk&Sdtyf\/ onf jrwfpGmbk&m;a[mawmfrlaom w&m;awmf
ig;vwdkYywfvHk;/ av;vwdkYywfvHk;/ oHk;vwdkY udk ESpfvdkukefonfjzpfí 0rf;ajrmufpGm cH,l
ywfvHk;/ ESpfvwdkYywfvHk;/ wvywfvHk;/ vcGJ Muavukefownf;/
ywfvHk;/
&[ef;wdkY vcGJudk xm;bdOD;/ &[ef;wdkY r[mowdy|meokwf NyD;\/
rnfonfhyk*¾dKvfrqdk þowdy|mefav;yg;wdkYudk
ckESpf&ufwdkYywfvHk; þa[mjyaomenf;jzifh yGg; r[m0*fygVdawmf jrefrmjyef?
jim;tHh? xdkyGg;aomyk*¾dKvftm; rsufarSmufb0üyif r[mowdy|meokwf? pm-259 rS 280/
t&[wåzdkvfjzpfap Oyg'geft<uif;&Sdao;vQif

R (Mowdy - Meokwf YgVd Jrefrm

Uploaded by

Document Information

Original Title

Copyright

Available Formats

Share this document

Share or Embed Document

Sharing Options

Did you find this document useful?

Is this content inappropriate?

Copyright:

Available Formats

R (Mowdy - Meokwf YgVd Jrefrm

Uploaded by

Copyright:

Available Formats

r[mowdy|meokwf ygVd jrefrm r[mowdy|meokwf ygVd jrefrm

1102 KELVIN ROAD

earm wó b*0awm t&[awm or®morÁK'¨ó tbdZößma'greóH? pdawå pdwåmEkyóD 0d[&wd

um,y#doHa0'D yóodómrD}}wd odu©wd? 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?

&óH 0g yóoaEÅm ]]&óH yóomrD}}wd

0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd? £wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD

yyægoH? tEÅHtEÅ*kPH O'&d,H u&DoH? ydwåH 0d[&wd? 0,"r®mEkyóD 0g um,o®ð 0d[&wd?

tokpdaem ypöa0u©wd ]]tw¬d £rorð uma,

£wd tZößwåH 0g uma, um,mEkyóD {0HtewDawm}}wd/ t|dumed ty*worÁE¨med

aowmed ocF0PÖy#dbm*ged/ aom £rar0 a0'emEkyóem

0g a0'emok a0'emEkyóD 0d[&wd/ oHcdwåH 0g pdwåH ]]oHcdwåH pdwå}}EÅd yZmemwd/

a[mwd wOö yZmemwd? ,xm p OyÜEéó "r®mEkyóem aAmZöß*FyAÁ

oEÅH 0g tZößwHå 0D&d,oarÁmZöß*ø? ]]tw¬d yó'¨doarÁmZöß*Fó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd

0,"r®mEkyóD 0g "ar®ok 0d[&wd/ ]]tw¬d 'ku©opöeda'´o

"r®m}}wd 0g yeó owd ypöKy|dwm a[mwd

391/ uwarm p bdu©a0 aomaum/ a,m orEém*wó tnw&nwa&e 'ku©"ar®e

avmau/ azm|AÁoaOöwem avmau/ "r®- eda&m"opöeda'´o

½lyg avmau/ o'´g avmau/ *E¨m ½lyonm avmau/ o'´onm avmau/

½ly0dpma&m avmau/ o'´0dpma&m avmau/ 0gpm, a0&rPD oræyÜvmyg a0&rPD/ t,H

0D&d,H tm&bwd pdwåH y*¾PSmwd y'[wd? uma,e y#doHa0a'wd? ,H wH t&d,m

r[mowdy|meokwf ÓPf &Sdonfjzpfí owd&Sdonfjzpfí avmuü

xGufouf0ifoufudk ½Iqifjcifjcif;tydkif; &[ef;wdkY Oyrmaomfum; uGßrf;usifaom

Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\? ½kyftaygif;ü £&d,mykwfudk qifjcifjcif;tydkif;

a&S;½Sªxif\? (xdkowdonf) tqifhqifh tod jyKavh&Sd\/

Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonfjzpfí ae\/ rsufpdtjrif&Sdaom a,musfm;onf xdktdwfudkajz

½kyftaygif;ü ysufaMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuf olaoaumif? zl;a&mifaeaom olaoaumif?

aygif;onfomvQif&Sdonf}}[k xdk&[ef;tm; o rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ½kyftaygif;udkyif EdIif;pmí

onf ½kyftaygif;ü ½kyftaygif;udk tBudrfBudrf þodkYaom oabm&Sd\? þodkYaomoabm jzpf

jzpfaMumif;w&m;ESifh jzpfjcif;oabmudk tBudrf þodkYaom oabmudk rvGefqefEdkif}}[k þ

Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? ½kyft a0'emudkqifjcifjcif;udk;yg;

cHpm;onf}}[k od\/ umr*kPfESifhrpyfaom oabmudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírl

[k od\/ a'gouif;aompdwfudkvnf; ]]a'go þodkY(rdrd\) pdwfürlvnf; pdwfudk t

ukuúKpör&Sd}}[kod\/ rjzpfao;aom O'¨pöukuúKpö aMumif;w&m;ESifh ysuffjcif;oabmudk tBudrfBudrf

í ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü jzpfaMumif;w&m; 383/ &[ef;wdkY wzefxdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf

Oyg'geu©E¨mig;yg; oabmw&m;wdkYü oabm rlvnf; ae\? oabmw&m;wdkYü ysufaMumif;

\ y,faMumif;udkvnf; od\? y,fNyD;aom oH pGJvnf; rpGJvrf;/ &[ef;wdkY þodkYvnf; &[ef;

oEÅmefü owdoarÁmZößifr&Sd}}[k od\? rjzpfao; rdrdoEÅmefü yDwdoarÁmZößif &SdvQifvnf;

vnf;od\? jzpfNyD;aom orm"doarÁmZößifudk yGg; Budrf ½Iavh&Sdonf jzpfírlvnf; ae\? oabm

opömav;yg;udk qifjcifjcif;tydkif; 'ku©t&d,opöm

386/ &[ef;wdkY wzef xdkYjyifvnf; &[ef;onf 387/ &[ef;wdkY 'ku©opöm[lonf tb,fenf;/

þoabmw&m;udk Z&m[lí ac:qdktyf\/ y&da'0[lí ac:qdktyf\/

oabmw&m;wdkYaomfvnf;aumif; tusKd;rJhjcif; 398/ &[ef;wdkY tvdk&Sdonfudk r&jcif; qif;&J

,if;odkYawmifhwaomfvnf; þ (Asm"drvmjcif;) 399/ &[ef;wdkY tusOf;csKyftm;jzifh ig;yg;aom

&[ef;wdkY xdkwPSmjzpfonf&Sdaomf tb,f þvQmüjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þvQmü

&Sdaomf þ&om½HkwdkYü wnf\/ avmuü azm- 0dnmPfü wnf\/ avmuü Zd0Sg0dnmPfonf

aomworæóü wnf\/ avmuü Cme üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf þpu©KoræóZm

oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf&Sdaomf

jzpfonf&Sdaomf þ&ooaOöwemüjzpf\? wnf ,mzG,f oabmjzpf\? xdkwPSmonf jzpfonf

onf cspfcifzG,f om,mzG,foabmjzpf\? xdk &Sdaomf þ½ly0dpm&üjzpf\? wnfonf&Sdaomf

um,0dnmPfonf/ avmuü raem0dnmPfonf avmuü pu©Konmonf/ avmuü aomw

avmuü ½ly0dwufonf/ avmuü o'´ 'ku©eda&m"*grdeDy#dy'g t&d,opöm

0dwufonf/ avmuü *E¨0dwufonf/ avmu

&[ef;wdkY or®mouFyÜonf tb,fenf;/ \/ &[ef;wdkY þtoufarG;jcif;udk rSefpGm

ESifhwuGjzpfaom 0dpm&ESifhwuGjzpfaom eD0&P

403/ þodkY(rdrd\) oabmw&m;wdkYürlvnf; ü oabmw&m;wdkYudk tBudrfBudrf ½Iavh&Sdonf

onfjzpfí ae\? rdrdolwyg;\ oabmw&m; - - -

&[ef;wdkY wESpfudk xm;bdOD;/ &[ef;wdkY tem*grdzdkvfjzpfap þzdkvfESpfyg;wdkYwGif wyg;yg;

You might also like

oEÅH 0g tZößwHå 0D&d,oarÁmZößø? ]]tw¬d yó'¨doarÁmZößFó bm0em, yg&dyl&D a[mwd