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Becky McCoy
Lesson Title:
Sound – Standing Waves and Pitch
Timing:
60 minutes
Target Audience:
11
th
and 12
th
grade Physics course
Objectives:
Students Will Be Able To:
•
Think about and examine how different musical instruments work.
•
Explore tuning forks and which of their characteristics determine pitch.
•
Serious play with filling cylindrical beakers to discover how pitch changes.
•
Observe how the vocal mechanism can affect the quality of sound and pitch.
The Teacher Will Be Able To:
•
Provide students with opportunities to explore more about sound through interaction andobservation.
•
Assess student understanding of sound, frequency, pitch, resonance, etc.
Standards Assessed:
New York State Standards, Physics
Performance Indicator 4.3:
Students can explain variations in wavelength and frequency in terms of thesource of the vibrations that produce them, e.g., molecules, electrons, and nuclear particles.
4.3a An oscillating system produces waves. The nature of the system determinesthe type of wave produced.4.3b Waves carry energy and information without transferring mass. This energymay be carried by pulses or periodic waves.4.3c The model of a wave incorporates the characteristics of amplitude,wavelength,* frequency*, period*, wave speed*, and phase.4.3dMechanical waves require a material medium through which to travel.
4.3e Waves are categorized by the direction in which particles in a medium vibrate about an equilibrium position relative to the direction of propagation of the wave, such as transverse and longitudinalwaves.4.3f Resonance occurs when energy is transferred to a system at its natural frequency.
Misconception(s) Addressed:
•
Pitch is related to intensity.
•
Frequency is connected to loudness for all amplitudes.
•
Waves transport matter.
Becky McCoy
Prior Knowledge:
Wave Unit and previous lessons on sound.
Aim:
Explore different aspects of sound including pitch, volume, and natural frequencies.
Concept Map Vocabulary:
n/a
Necessary Preparation:
COPIES
•
Sound Worksheets
•
Station PostersMATERIALS
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Computer and projector
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Two different sized plastic cylinders.
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Water.
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Guitar.
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Tuning forks of different pitches.SET UP
•
Have videos loaded.
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Have “Beats Working” Simulation ready.
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Have water and cylinders prepared.
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Designate where around the room each station is.
Becky McCoy
Lesson Plan
Aim:
Explore different aspects of sound including pitch, volume, and natural frequencies.
Physics Push-Up:
KWL (5 minutes)
Distribute packets and have students fill out their KWL chart individually using their notes from the last fewclasses.Collect homework while this is happening.
Activity:
Singing and Stations (35 minutes)
Materials:
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Computer and projection.
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Station worksheets.
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Station posters.
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Two different sized plastic cylinders.
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Water.
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Guitar.
•
Tuning forks of different pitches.
Procedure:
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Notes from lecture should be taken in the notebook.“What do you have to do in order to talk/hear?” Have students hum or sing and feel their larynx.5 MINUTES: Show Pictures of Larynx and Palette:http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray994.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray954.pnghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Gray956.png
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