Preface
In scientific investigations, the collection of pertinent information and the efficientanalysis of the collected information using statistical principles and methods are veryimportant tasks. The purpose of this volume of the Handbook of Statistics is to providethe reader with the state-of-the-art of statistical design and methods of analysis that areavailable as well as the frontiers of research activities in developing new and bettermethods for performing such tasks. The volume is a tribute to all individuals whohelped in developing this particular area of knowledge to be useful in our everydaylife.Scientific experiments in medicine, industry, agriculture, computer and many otherdisciplines are covered in this volume. Statistical methods like parametric, semipara-metric, nonparametric, adaptive, univariate, multivariate, frequentist and Bayesian, arediscussed. Block, row-column, nested, factorial, response surface, spatial, robust, op-timum, search, singlestage, multistage, exact and approximate designs are presented.The chapters are written in expository style and should be of value to students, re-searchers, consultants and practitioners in universities as well as industries.We would like to express our deep appreciation to the following colleagues for theircooperation and help in reviewing the chapters.Deborah Best, Tadeusz Calinski, Kathryn Chaloner, Richard Cutler, AngelaDean, Benjamin Eichhorn, Richard Gunst, Sudhir Gupta, Linda Haines, ThomasHettmansperger, Klaus Hinkelmann, Theodore Holford, Jason Hsu, Sanpei Kageyama,Andre Khuri, Dibyen Majumdar, John Matthews, Douglas Montgomery, ChristineMuller, William Notz, Thomas Santner, Pranab Sen, Stanley Shapiro, Carl Spruill,Jagdish Srivastava, John Stufken, Ajit Tamhane, Isabella Verdinelli and Shelley Zacks.We are very grateful to the authors for their contributions. Our sincere thanks goto Dr. Gerard Wanrooy and others at North-Holland Publishing Company, also toDr. Rimas MaliukeviEius and others of VTEX Ltd. Subir Ghosh would like to thanktwo very special individuals in his life, Mrs Benu Roy (the late) and Mr. AmalenduRoy as well as his wife Susnata and daughter Malancha for their patience, help andunderstanding.S. Ghosh and C. R. Rao
Contributors
C. M.
Anderson-Cook,
Department of Statistical and Actuarial Sciences, Universityof Western Ontario, London, Ontario, N6A 5B7, Canada
(Ch. 8)P. Armitage,
University of Oxford, 2 Reading Road, Wallingford, Oxon OXIO 9DP,England
(Ch. 1)A. C. Atkinson,
Department of Statistics, London School of Economics, HoughtonStreet, London WC2A 2AE, UK
(Ch. 14)E. Brunner,
Abt. Med. Statistik, University of Goettingen, Humboldt Allee 32, 37073,Goettingen, Germany
(Ch. 19)T. Califiski,
Department of Mathematics and Statistical Methods, Agricultural Uni-versity of Poznan, Wojska Polskiego 28, PL 60-637 Poznan, Poland
(Ch. 22)¥-J. Chang,
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Idaho State University, Pocatello,ID 83201, USA
(Ch. 28)C.-S. Cheng,
Department of Statistics, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720,USA
(Ch. 26)A. DasGupta,
Department of Statistics, Purdue University, 1399 Mathematical Sci-ences Building, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1399, USA
(Ch. 29)A. M. Dean,
Department of Statistics, Ohio State University, 141 Cockins Hall, 1958Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
(Ch. 20)N. R. Draper,
Department of Statistics, University of Wisconsin, 1210 W. DaytonStreet, Madison, WI 53706, USA
(Ch. 11)V. Fedorov,
Oak Ridge National Laboratory, RO. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6367, USA
(Ch. 16)N. Gaffke,
Fakultiit fiir Mathematik, Institut fiir Mathematische Stochastik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitgit Magdeburg, PosO~ach 4120, D-39016 Magdeburg, Germany
(Ch. 30)S. Ghosh,
Department of Statistics, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0138, USA
(Ch. 13)S. S. Gupta,
Department of Statistics, Purdue University, 1399 Mathematical SciencesBuilding, West Lafayette, IN 47907-1399, USA
(Ch. 17)S. Gupta,
Division of Statistics, Northern Illinois University, DeKalb, IL 60115-2854,USA
(Ch. 23)L. M. Haines,
Department of Statistics and Biometry, Faculty of Science, University ofNatal, Private Bag X01 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburgh 3209, South Africa
(Ch. 14)B. Heiligers,
Fakulti~t ~r Mathematik, Institut u'r Mathematische Stochastik, Otto-von-Guericke-Universitdt Magdeburg, Postfach 4120, D-39016 Magdeburg, Germany
(Ch. 30)S. Kageyama,
Department of Mathematics, Faculty of School Education, HiroshimaUniversity, 1-1-1 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739, Japan
(Ch. 22)xvii
xviiiA. I. Khuri,
Department of Statistics, The University of Florida, 103 Griffin-FloydHall, Gainesville, Florida 32611-8545, USA
(Ch. 12)J. R. Koehler,
Department of Mathematics, University of Colorado, Denver, CO 80217-3364, USA
(Ch. 9)D. K. J. Lin,
Department of Statistics, University of Statistics, University of Tennessee,Knoxville, TN 37996-0532, USA
(Ch. 11)D. Majumdar,
Department of Mathematics, Statistics and Computer Science (M/C249), University of Illinois, 851 South Morgan Street, Chicago, IL 60607-3041,USA
(Ch. 27)R. J. Martin,
School of Mathematics and Statistics, University of Sheffield, P.O. Box597, Sheffield $3 7RH, UK
(Ch. 15)J. P. Morgan,
Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Old Dominion University,Norfolk, Virginia 23529-0077, USA
(Ch. 25)R. Mukerjee,
Indian Institute of Management, P.O. Box 16757, Calcutta 700027, India
(Ch. 23)W. I. Notz,
Department of Statistics, Ohio State University, I958 ]Veil Avenue, Colum-bus, OH 43210, USA
(Ch. 28)A. B. Owen,
Department of Statistics, Stanford University, Sequoia Hall, Stanford,CA 94305-4065, USA
(Ch. 9)S. Panchapakesan,
Department of Mathematics, Southern Illinois University, Carbon-dale, IL 62901-4408, USA
(Ch. 17)H. I. Patel,
Department of Epidemiology and Medical Affairs, Berlex Laboratories,Inc., 300 Fairfield Road, Wayne, NJ 074770-7358, USA
(Ch. 2)M. L. Puri,
Department of Mathematics, Indiana University, Rawles Hail, Blooming-ton, IN 47405-5701, USA
(Ch. 19)E R. Rosenbaum,
Department of Statistics, The Wharton School, University of Penn-sylvania, 3013 Steinberg-Dietrich Hall, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6302, USA
(Ch. 6)R K. Sen,
Department of Biostatistics, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill,CB#7400, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7400, USA
(Ch. 4)K. R. Shah,
Statistics Department, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, N2L 3G1, Canada
(Oh. 24)B. K. Sinha,
Stat.-Math. Division, Indian Statistical Institute, 203 B.T. Road, Calcutta700035, India
(Ch. 24)J. N. Srivastava,
Department of Statistics, Colorado State University, Fort Collins,CO 80523-1877, USA
(Oh. 10)
D. M. Steinberg,
Department of Statistics and Operations Research, Tel Aviv Univer-sity, Ramat Aviv 69978, Tel Aviv, Israel
(Ch. 7)D. J. Street,
University of Technology, Sydney, Broadway NSW 2007, Australia
(Ch. 21)J. Stufken,
Department of Statistics, Iowa State University, I02-E Snedecor Hall,Ames, IA 50011-1210, USA
(Ch. 3)A. C. Tamhane,
Department of Industrial Engineering, Northwestern University,Evanston, IL 60208-3119, USA
(Ch. 18)D. A. Wolfe,
Department of Statistics, Ohio State University, 141 Cockins Hall, 1958Neil Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA
(Ch. 20)S. Zacks,
Department of Mathematical Sciences, Binghamton University, P.O. Box6000, Binghamton, NY 13902-6000, USA
(Ch. 5)