A Presentation on

Disaster Management

Disaster
Management
What is disaster?
•Sudden , calamitous event
•
•Seriously disrupts the functioning of a
community or society
•
•Causes human , material , and economic or
environmental losses
•Community or society looses ability to cope
using its own resources .
•
•Though often caused by nature , disasters can
have human origins

Disaster
Management
Types of Disasters

Disaster
Management
 Disasters – a challenge for
developing countries

Total number of reported natural disasters

in Developing Nations from 1971 - 2005

Disaster
Management
 Loss of life and material damage in
Developing Nations
after natural disasters between 1997 and
2006

Disaster
Management
 Disaster
Management
 •Many small - scale , local disasters that are not
recorded in official statistics

•The loss of life in the emerging and

developing countries is also much higher than
in the industrialized countries
•A comparison between Venezuela and France
gives us a similar picture : Landslides in
Venezuela and severe storms in France in
December 1999 caused similar economic
losses in both countries – about US$ 10
billion . The death toll in France was 123 .
In Venezuela , however , it amounted to
30 , 000 . Venezuela will take years to
recover from the aftermath , whereas France
was quick to get over the worst hanks to
effective public and private system of
disaster management and damage sharing
Disaster
Management
orld Bank - Helping in Relie
No. of Lending to projects with
Disaster projects disaster activities (US$ mns)

1. India 43 8257
2. China 32 4902
3. Bangladesh 28 2880
4. Brazil 27 2349
5. Honduras 15 712
6. Turkey 13 3390
7. Yemen 13 306
8. Madagascar 13 327
9. Mexico 12 2145
10. Vietnam 12 1232

TOTAL 208

Countries with the Most Bank -

Disaster
Funded Disaster Projects
Management
Share of World Bank Portfolio in
Natural Disaster
Lending
 Disaster
Management
Disaster Management
Disaster Management can be defined
as the organization and management of
resources and responsibilities for
dealing with all humanitarian aspects
of emergencies, in particular
preparedness, response and recovery in
order to lessen the impact of
disasters.

Disaster
Management
arly Warning Early Action
People - centred early warning systems should
be formed so that they can help taking early
action ( preparedness and
mitigation / prevention ) to face the rising
risks
of extreme weather events resulting in
Global computer
climate change . models and satellite images ,
regional centres
of expertise , national meteorological offices
and other government agencies , local field
reports and community observations all allow
us to better understand what is happening ,
and what is likely to happen

Disaster
Management
 This allows us to anticipate climate - related
threats much better than before . At the
shortest timescales , a warning of an
impending storm can help communities prepare
and take immediate actions such as evacuation
to reduce the loss of life
At the shortest timescales , the action could
be evacuation
If a large flood is expected , at the most
local scale a community can protect its
main water well from contamination

Disaster
Management
 Example: Example of Early Warning Example of Early Action
Cyclone

Year Increased risk of cyclone intensity Preparedness: Raise awareness on cyclone risk,
Unpredictability of cyclone season organise and train community for disaster
Unpredictability of cyclone belt response, identify changing vulnerable groups,
establish early warning communication systems

Months Forecast of above-average cyclone Preparedness: Revisit contingency plans,

activity for replenish stocks, communicate enhanced risk
the coming season and test contingency plans with simulations and
drills

Days Forecast of a cyclone that is likely to Preparedness: Prepare evacuation, mobilize

hit a volunteers, get warnings and instructions out to
stretch of coast (but not yet where it communities, storm proof houses, check
will make emergency kits for batteries, torch, food
landfall) supplies, radio etc.

Hours Cyclone warning: cyclone is about to Preparedness: Evacuate to storm shelters

hit your city

Disaster
Management
Early warning Early action
in a nutshell
Routinely taking humanitarian action before a disaster or health
emergency, or in anticipation of a future disaster risk, making full
use of different forms of information on all timescales.

• A range of warnings made at local, national, regional and global

levels (incorporating information from different sources in
support of the needs of vulnerable communities)

• A range of timescales, including observations, storm warnings,

six-day rainfall forecasts, one-to-two-week hazard forecasts,
seasonal forecasts, climate scenarios

Disaster
Management
 • A range of spatial scales, including warnings and actions at
global, regional, national, district, local and community level

• A range of actions, such as evacuation, volunteer mobilization,

moving supplies, people and money, contingency planning, risk
mapping, sensitization, risk reduction. Routinely taking
humanitarian action before a disaster or health,
making full use of different forms of information on all timescales

Disaster
Management
Managing Disasters …
Preparedness Planning

• Planning as a process
• Communicating and coordination of
plans
• Plan elements and priorities
• Activities to ensure plan
implementation

Disaster
Management
 •ASSESSMENT OF PROBABLE NEEDS
•
•ACTIVATING POPULATION EMERGENCY NOTIFICATION
•
•EMERGENCY NEEDS ASSESSMENT
•
•RESOURCE MOBILISATION AND ALLOCATION
•
•COMMUNICATION BETWEEN AGENCIES
•
•SECTOR COMPONENTS
Rescue and medical assistance for the affected
Water and sanitation
Food and nutrition .
Logistics and transport
Other domestic needs
Health and nutrition
Shelter

Disaster
Management
ENSURING PLAN IMPLEMENTATION

•PUBLIC AWARENESS
•
•UPDATING THE PLAN
•
•LINKS TO NATIONAL PLAN
•
•REHEARSALS , SIMULATION TRAINING AND
PLAN REVIEW

Disaster
Management
ommunity Disaster Awareness
•Inform and train local populations about
how to prepare for natural disasters

•Conduct earthquake awareness meetings , or

posting earthquake preparedness posters at
a local library
•Disaster messages on the radio , T . V . and in
newspapers ; schools conduct poster contests
and perform disaster drills

Disaster
Management
 Disaster Awareness Plan
should have information about …
• The nature and potential of the risk

• The human and physical elements that are most

vulnerable or most - at - risk

• Safety actions to prevent and prepare for a

potential disaster

• Safety and survival actions to take when the

disaster is occurring

• Safety , survival and recovery actions to take

after the disaster has occurred

• Official sources to contact for additional

information

Disaster
Management
nning Public I nitiative activiti
• DEFINE PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE DA INITIATIVE
•
• SELECT TARGET COMMUNITIES AND PRIMARY FORM A PLANNING
TEAM
•
• FORM COLLABORATIVE COMMUNITY PARTNERSHIPS
• SCHEDULE THE TIME AND LOCATION OF DA ASSETS FOR
MAXIMUM IMPACT
•
• BRAINSTORM POTENTIAL DA ACTIVITIES
•
• SELECT THE COMMUNICATION MEDIUM AND PLANNING COMMUNITY
DISASTER AWARENESS STRATEGIES

Disaster
Management
 Conclusion

Disaster
Management
 Thank You

Disaster
Management