 Introduction

 Basic principle
 Types of Ground Source System
 Basic Components
 Working
 Environmental impact
 Economic factor
 Advantages
 Conclucion
 BASIC DEFINATION:
“Ground source cooling and
heating system” uses the
relatively constant
temperature of ground to
regulate the temperature of
a building.
 This is also known as
Geothermal heat pumps,
geoexchange , earth-coupled
, earth energy or water
source pump , earth energy
system(EES).
 A “ground source system” works
by transferring energy rather than
producing energy.
 Based on Second Law of
Thermodynamics: The second law
of thermodynamics is an axiom of
thermodynamics concerning heat,
entropy, and the direction in which
thermodynamic processes can occur.
For example, the second law implies
that heat does not flow spontaneously
from a cold material to a hot material,
but it allows heat to flow from a hot
material to a cold material..
 CLOSED GEOTHERMAL  OPEN
GROUND LOOPS: GEOTHERMAL
 HORIZONTAL GEOTHERMAL GROUND LOOPS
GROUND LOOPS
 VERTICAL GEOTHERMAL
GROUND LOOPS
 SLINKY COIL GEOTHERMAL
GROUND LOOPS
 GEOTHERMAL POND LOOPS
 These are suitable
where adequate soil or
clay based land is
available.
 We need a trench of
minimum of (100 x 100
x 5 ) ft .
 Pipe needed – 500 to
600 ft per ton of
conditioning is needed.
 They are inappropriate
for extreme climates.
 These are suitable for
extreme climates, limited
space or rocky terrain .
 We need to drill 150 to 300
feet deep holes in which
hairpin shaped loops of pipe
are dropped.
 Pipe needed – 300 to 600 ft
per ton of conditioning is
needed.
 Vertical loops are typically
more expensive than
horizontal loops and Less
piping required and provide
better conditioning as the
earth temperature is more
stable at depth.
 These are more economic
and space efficient version
of a horizontal ground
loop.
 These use overlapped
loops of piping laid out
horizontally along the
bottom of a wide trench.
 They take 1/3 to 2/3 less
space than traditional
horizontal loop trenches
 This needs at least a ½
acre by 8 ft deep pond or a
lake.
 This is installed by laying
coils of pipe in the bottom
of the pond or lake.
 This type of geothermal
system is both highly
economical and efficient as
this has the inherent
advantages of water to
water heat transfer.
 In this fresh water from a
well or pond is pumped
into and back out of the
geothermal unit .
 This requires an abundant
source of clean water and
an adequate runoff area .
 Water quality is key to an
open loop design as
mineral content and
acidity can quickly damage
geothermal units.
 LOOP OF G.I. PIPES:
A closed loop
system, the most
common, circulates the
fluid through the loop
fields’ G.I. pipes. In a
closed loop system there
is no direct interaction
between the fluid and
the earth; only heat
transfer across the G.I.
pipe.
 HEAT EXCHANGER
(RADIATOR):
It dissipate the
heat that the
coolant has
absorbed from the
system.
 MONO-BLOCK
PUMP:
These are single
phase capacitor
start and run, 2 pole
design pump used
used to pump the
refrigerant/coolant.
 Ground Source cooling systems work on a different principle than an ordinary furnace/air
conditioning system, and they require little maintenance or attention. Furnaces must create
heat by burning a fuel, typically natural gas, propane, or fuel oil. With Ground Source cooling
systems, there's no need to create heat, hence no need for chemical combustion at the
building (though, of course, the electricity used is usually made via combustion). Instead, the
Earth's natural heat is collected in winter through a series of pipes, called a loop, installed
below the surface of the ground or submersed in a pond or lake. Fluid circulating in the loop
carries this heat to the home. An indoor Ground Source cooling system then uses electrically-
driven compressors and heat exchangers in a vapor compression cycle - the same principle
employed in a refrigerator – to concentrate the Earth's energy and release it inside the home
at a higher temperature. In typical systems, duct fans distribute the heat to various rooms;
other applications include water to-water transfer, as seen in a radiant floor system.

 In summer, the process is reversed in order to cool the home. Excess heat is drawn from the
home, expelled to the loop, and absorbed by the Earth. Ground Source cooling systems
provide cooling in the same way that a refrigerator keeps its contents cool, by drawing heat
from the interior, not by injecting cold air.
 The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)
has called ground source energy system the most
energy-efficient, environmentally clean, and cost-
effective space conditioning systems available.
 Ground-source heat pumps have unsurpassed
thermal efficiencies and produce zero emissions
and less greenhouse gases than air conditioners,
oil furnaces and electric heating locally.
 A residential heat pump may save 5 tons of carbon
dioxide per year relative to any conditioning
system.
 Open loop systems that draw water from a well and
drain to the surface may contribute
to aquifer depletion, water shortages, groundwater
contamination, and subsidence of the soil.
 Ground source heat pumps are characterised by high
capital costs and low operational costs compared to
other conventional systems. A homeowner may save
anywhere from 20% to 60% annually .
 One study found the total installed cost for a system with
10 kW (3 ton) thermal capacity for a detached rural
residence in the USA averaged of $14,000 (INR 6,82,000) in
2008 US dollars for a small size system.
 Even with the high initial costs of purchasing a geothermal
system the payback period is relatively short, typically
between 3-5 years.
 These system are warrantied for 25 to 50 years and are
expected to last at least 50 to 200 years.
 Commercial systems maintenance costs in the USA have
historically been between $0.11 to $0.22 per m2 per
year( 5.00 – 10.00 INR per m2 ). i.e. for a 2000 ft2 house
(185 m2) the maintenance cost would be (925 – 1850 INR).
 ENERGY SAVINGS.
 QUIET OPERATION.
 COMFORT.
 CLEAN AND SAFE.
 SYSTEM LIFESPAN.
 POSITIVE CASH FLOW.
 When comparing a geothermal system to an
ordinary system a homeowner can save anywhere
from 30% to 70% annually on utilities.
 By using this system we can regulate the building
temperature between 7-21 degrees Celsius
depending on the season.
 The current use of ground source system has
resulted in the following emissions reductions
• Elimination of more than 5.8 million
metric tons of CO2 annually.
• Elimination of more than 1.6 million
metric tons of carbon equivalent annually.