Lucrări Practice. V.I

Lucrări practice la T.
Lupaşcu,
I. Catereniuc,
D. Batâr,
Anatomia Omului L. Globa,

T. Hacina
Ghid pentru autoinstruire
I. Aparatul locomotor Chişinău, 2009

CZU: 611 (075.8)
Aprobat de Consiliul Metodic Central al USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”,

proces-verbal nr. 4 din 17.06.2008
Autorii:
Teodor Lupaşcu, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Ilia Catereniuc, dr. hab., profesor universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Dumitru Batâr, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Lilian Globa, asistent universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Tamara Hacina, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Anatomia omului
Recenzenţi:
Emilian Onea, dr.,conferenţiar universitar, catedra Histologie, Citologie şi Embriologie
Ion Podubnâi, dr., profesor universitar, catedra Anatomie topografică şi Chirurgie operatorie

Lucrarea nr. 1
Tema: Elementele de orientare ale corpului uman. Vârsta omului, sH[XO úL
SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH OXL LQGLYiduale. Metodele de studiere a anatomiei. Anatomia
SHYLX7HUPLQRORJLDDQDWRPLFă.
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a. Elementele de orientare ale corpului RPHQHVF SăUĠLOH GH FRUS úL VHJPHQWHOH ORU, repere
RVRDVH FDUWLODJLQRDVH PXVFXODUH FXWDQDWH 1RĠLXQL JHQHUDOH GHVSUH UHJLRQDOL]DUHD SăUĠLORU
GHFRUS3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFă. Planuri, axe, linii.
b. Limbajul anatomic. Termeni anatomici de ordin general úi de ordin special. Nomenclatura
anatomică.
c. Nomenclatura miúcărilor segmentelor de corp.
d. 0HWRGHGHVWXGLHUHDDQDWRPLHLLQFOXVLYDDQDWRPLHLSHYLXVHQ]RULDOHGLUHFWHúLVHQ]RULDOH
PHGLDWHVDXFOLQLFHúLSDUDFOLQLFH
e. 1RĠLXQL GH YkUVWă FDOHQGDULVWLFă úL ELRORJLFă VDX PHGLFDOă VH[ úL SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH
individuale ale omului. Indicii morfologici ai vârstei biologice.
Scopul: Familiarizarea cu elementele de orientare ale corpului omenesc, limbajul

DQDWRPLF QRPHQFODWXUD PLúFăULORU VHJPHQWHORU GH FRUS úL SXQerea la curent cu
PHWRGHOHWUDGLĠLRQDOHGHH[SORUDUHDQDWRPLFăúLSHYLXúLQRĠLXQLOHGHYkUVWăVH[
SDUWLFXODULWăĠL individuale ale corpului omului.
0RWLYDĠLD: &XQRúWLQĠHOH SULYLQG HOHPHQWHOH GH RULHQWDUH DOH FRUSXOXL XPDQ OLPEDMXO
anatomic, metodele GH H[SORUDUH DQDWRPLFă úL SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH LQGLYLGXDOH GH
YkUVWă úL GH VH[ VXQW QHFHVDUH QX QXPDL SHQWUX SULFHSHUHD úL VWXGLHUHD WHPHORU
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5HDOL]DUHDOXFUăULL:
1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ chestionar (Anexa 1) subiectele, referitoare la tema nU VWXGLDĠL-OH GXSă
sursele bibliografice, indicate la finele prezentei culegeriQRWDĠLWH]HOHPDLLPSRUWDQWH
2. RHSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUD ORJLFăDFRPSRQHQWHORUtemei.
3. (ODERUDĠLFODVLILFDrea elementelor de orientare ale corpului omenesc.
3
4. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQHDGLQILJLQGLFDĠL SR]LĠLLOH SăUĠLOor de corp, marcate prin linii.
Fig.1
______________________________________________________________
5. 'HILQLĠLSR]LĠLDDQDWRPLFă
6. 3HLPDJLQHDGLQILJLQGLFDĠLSăUĠLOHúLVHJPHQWHOHGHFRUS
Fig.2

4
7. Pe imaginea din fig.3 LQGLFDĠLSODQXULOHúLGLUHFĠLLOHPDUFDWHFXVăJHĠLIRUPXODĠLGHILQLĠLL
Fig.3
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8. ,QGLFDĠLPLúFăULOHUHSUH]HQWDWHSULQXUPăWRDUHDserie de imagini (fig. 4).
5
Fig. 4
9. ([SOLFDĠL WHUPHQLL VXSHULRU-inferior, median, medial-lateral, proximal-distal, intern-extern,
superficial-profund, radial-ulnar, fibular-tibial, volar-dorsal, anterior-SRVWHULRU LQGLFDĠL
sinonimele lor.

6
10. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHSULYLQG: a) limbajul anatomic; b) metodele de studiere a anatomiei
pe viu; c) QRĠLXQLGHVSUHYkUVWă
11. 6HOHFWDĠL testele (Anexa 2) referitoare la tema nr.1 úLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
12. )RUPXODĠLFRQFOX]LLSULYLQGLQIRUPDĠLLOHREĠLQXWHúLUROXOORUvQVWXGLXOXOWHULRUDODQDWRPLHL
13. ÎQWUHEăULDSăUXWHvQUH]XOWDWXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLnr.1.
14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUH SULYLQGFHOHVWXGLDWHREĠLQXWHvQXUPDGLVFXĠLLORUDVXSUDWHPHL
&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULL (aprecieri, sugestii, recomandDĠLL
6HPQăWXUDSURIHVRUXOXL

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Lucrarea nr. 2
Tema: 6FKHOHWXOWUXQFKLXOXL&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOăVWUXFWXUDJHQHUDOăDYHUWHEUHORU
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHDSDUDWXOORFRPRWRU
b. 2VWHRORJLHJHQHUDOă– scheletul dur, componentele lui.
c. Clasificarea oaselor.
d. Structura oaselor.
e. 2VXOFDRUJDQúLIXQFĠLLOHOXL
f. 'H]YROWDUHDRDVHORUúLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDVLVWHPXOXLRVRV
g. ,QIOXHQĠDGLIHULWRUIDFWRULDVXSUDGH]YROWăULLúLPRGLILFăULLSRVWQDWDOHDRDVHORU
h. &RPSRQHQWHOHVFKHOHWXOXLWUXQFKLXOXLFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
i. Structura geQHUDOăDYHUWHEUHORU
Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULFHSHULORU úL D GHSULQGHULORU vQ GRPHQLXO RVWHRORJLHL

JHQHUDOHúLDDQDWRPLHLYHUWHEUHORU
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RealizareDOXFUăULL:
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QRWDĠLWH]HOHPDLLPSRUWDQWH
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăDFRPSRQHQWHORUWHPHL
3. 'HILQLĠL QRĠLXQHD GH VFKHOHW HQXPHUDĠL FRPSRQHQWHOH VFKHOHWXOXL D[LDO úL D VFKHOHWXOXL
complementar.
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proprie.
5. (QXPHUDĠLúLGHILQLĠLWLSXULOHGHĠHVXWRVRV
6. 5HSURGXFHĠL GLQ „Culegerea de scheme” sau alte surse schema structurii osteonului,
adnotând-o.
7. 5HSURGXFHĠLGLQÄ&XOHJHUHDGHVFKHPH´VDXGLQDOWHVXUVHVFKHPDVWUXFWXULLXQXLRVWXEXODU
lung, adnotând-o.
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8. 'XSă Ä&XOHJHUHD GH VFKHPH´ UHSURGXFHĠL VFKHPD SRUĠLXQLORU XQXL RV WXEXODU OXQJ LQGLFDĠL
segmentele lui.
9. (ODERUDĠLGHILQLĠLDSHULRVWXOXLúLHQXPHUDĠLVWUDWXULOHOXL
10. (QXPHUDĠLWLSXULOHGHPăGXYăRVRDVăLQGLFkQGUROXOHLvQRUJDQLVP
11. Din chestionar (Anexa 1) selectaĠLVXELHFWHOHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUDOHJHĠLGLQFRPSOHWXO

GHSLHVHRVRDVHSUHSDUDWHOHSHFDUHWUHEXLHVăOHGHPRQVWUDĠLúLVWXGLDĠL-OHFXDWHQĠLH
12. 3H VFKHOHW VDX PXODMXO UHVSHFWLY VWXGLDĠL VHJPHQWHOH FRORDQHL YHUWHEUDOH YHUWHEUHOH
DGHYăUDWHIDOVHúLFHOHGHWUDQ]LĠLHLQGLFDĠL-le pe imaginile din fig. 1
Fig.1
10

13. 0DUFDĠLYHUWHEUHOHGLQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăUHSUH]HQWDWăSHLPDJLQHDGLQILJ
Fig.2
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15. AOHJHĠL GLQ FRPSOHWXO GH SLHVH RVRDVH YHUWHEUHOH WLS DUDQMDĠL-OH vQ SR]LĠLD ORU DQDWRPLFă úL
VWXGLDĠLFXDWHQĠLHVWUXFWXUDORU'HPRQVWUDĠLHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHDOHYHUWHEUHORU
11

16. 6FULHĠLLQGLFDĠLLOHUHVSHFWLYHSHLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ
Fig.3
17. 3HLPDJLQHDGLQILJQRWDĠLSăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHXQHLYHUWHEUHGLQVWkQJDILJXULLúLUROXO
ORUIXQFĠLRQDOGLQGUHDSWD
Fig.4
18. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHSULYLQGDRVXOFDRUJDQúLIXQFĠLLOHOXL; b) dezvoltarea oaselor; c)

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PRGLILFăULLSRVWQDWDOHDRDVHORU
19. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUúLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
20. FoUPXODĠLFRQFOX]LLSULYLQGLQIRUPDĠLLOHREĠLQXWHúLUROXOORUvQVWXGLXOXOWHULRUDODQDWRPLHLúL
disciplinelor clinice.
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22. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHSULYLQGFHOHVWXGLDWHREĠLQXWHvQXUPDGLVFXĠLLORUDVXSUDWHPHL
&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLDSUHFLHULVXJHVWLLUHFRPDQGDĠLL
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Lucrarea nr. 3
Tema: 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOH PRUIRORJLFHDOHYHUWHEUHORUGLQGLYHUVHVHJPHQWHDOHFRORDQHL

YHUWHEUDOH&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOăvQDQVDPEOXSDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[
Explorarea pe viu a vertebrelor.
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a. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHUHJLRQDOHDOHYHUWHEUHORUFHUYLFDOH
b. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHJHQHUDOHúLLQGLYLGXDOHDOHYHUWHEUHORUWRUDFLFH
c. Vertebrele lombare – paUWLFXODULWăĠLOHORUPRUIRORJLFHJHQHUDOH
d. 6DFUXOúLFRFFLVXO– FDUDFWHULVWLFăPRUIRORJLFăúLUROIXQFĠLRQDO
e. &RORDQD YHUWHEUDOă vQ DQVDPEOX – segmente, curburi, canalul rahidian, orificiile
LQWHUYHUWHEUDOHúLUROXOORU
f. 'H]YROWDUHDYHUWHEUHORUúLDQRPDOLLOe lor de dezvoltare.
g. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDYHUWHEUHORUúLLPSRUWDQĠDHLDSOLFDWLYă
6FRSXOúLFDUDFWHULVWLFDPRWLYDĠLRQDOăDOXFUăULL:
)RUPDUHD GHSULQGHULORU SULYLQG VHOHFWDUHD YHUWHEUHORU DGHYăUDWH úL IDOVH VLWXDUHD
ORUvQSR]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăúLVWDELOLUHDORFDOL]ăULLORUvQFDGUXOFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHvQ
DQVDPEOXLGHQWLILFDUHDHOHPHQWHORUORUGHVFULSWLYHúLGHPRQVWUDUHDúLGHQXPLUHD
ORU FRUHFWă LGHQWLILFDUHD YHUWHEUHORU SH YLX SUHFXP úL D FRPSHWHQĠHORU FH ĠLQ GH
GH]YROWDUHD DFHVWRU RDVH úL GHSLVWDUHD DQRPDOLLORU ORU 7RWRGDWă ILHFDUH VWXGHQW
WUHEXLHVăVHvQYHĠHDGHPRQVWUDSUH]HQWDVDXDH[SXQHvQVFULVPDWHULDOXOVWXGLDW
,QIRUPDĠLLOH UHIHULWRDUH OD PRUIRORJLD YHUWHEUHORU úL D FRORDQHL YHUWHEUDOH vQ
ansamblu sunt importante pentru studierea anatomiei topografice, chirurgiei,
traumatologiei, neurologiei, radiologiei etc.
1. Din chestionar (Anexa 1 VHOHFWDĠL VXELHFWHOH WHRUHWLFH UHIHULWRDUH OD WHPD QU VWXGLDĠL-le,
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUD ORJLFăDWHPHL
3. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FRPSOHWXO GH SLHVH RVRDVH YHUWHEUHOH GLQ GLYHUVH VHJPHQWH DOH FRORDQHL
YHUWHEUDOHVLWXDĠL-OHvQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWXGLDĠLVWUXFWXUDORU
4. (QXPHUDĠLFDUDFWHUHOHPRUIRORJLFHJHQHUDOHUHJLRQDOHúLVSHFLDOHDOHYHUWHEUHlor cervicale.
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5. $GQRWDĠLILJGHQXPLĠLWRDWHHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHLQGLFDWHSULQOLQLLQRWDĠL-OHSHILJXUă
Fig.1
6. $GQRWDĠLILJQRWDĠLHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHDle piesei osoase, reprezentate în imagine.
Fig.2
7. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLúLGHQXPLĠLHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHDOHYHUWHEUHLGLQLPDJLQH
Fig.3
8. (QXPHUDĠL FDUDFWHUHOH GLVWLQFWLYH DOH YHUWHEUHL FHUYLFDOH VI úL GHVFULHĠL LPSRUWDQĠD ORU
DSOLFDWLYă
14
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distinctive.
Fig.4
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11. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLúLGHQXPLĠLHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHDOHYHUWHEUHORUGLQLPDJine.
Fig.5
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13. (QXPHUDĠLYHUWHEUHOHWRUDFLFHGHWUDQ]LĠLHúLGHVFULHĠLFDUDFWHUHOHORUGLVWLQFWLYH
15
13
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Fig.6
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16. $GQRWDĠLILJ3HLPDJLQLOHGLQHDQRWDĠLGHQXPLULOHHOHPHQWHORUGHVFULSWLYHPDUFDWHSULQ
linii.
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Fig.7
17. 3H ILJ LQGLFDĠL FXUEXULOH FRORDQHL YHUWHEUDOH QRWDĠL YkUVWD úL VXFFHVLXQHD DSDULĠLHL ORU
,QGLFDĠLRULILFLLOHLQWHUYHUWHEUDOH
Orificii intervertebrale
Fig.8
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Fig.9
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cele demonstrate în muzeul de osteologie sau pe calculator
18
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22. (QXPHUDĠLPHWRGHOHGHH[SORUDUHSHYLXDYHUWHEUHORU
23. 'HQXPLĠLOLQLLOHRUizontale, trasate pe imaginea din fig. 10 A úLQRWDĠLYHUWHEUHOHFDUHSRWIL

LGHQWLILFDWH SH YLX FX DMXWRUXO ORU &RPSDUDĠL ILJ A cu fig. 10 B SH FDUH QRWDĠL
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A B
Fig.10
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palpabile pe viu.
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26. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHla temele:

x Dezvoltarea vertebrelor.
x Anomaliile de dezvoltare a vertebrelor.
27. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
28. )RUPXODĠLFRQFOX]LLSULYLQGPDWHULDOHOHVWXGLDWHúLLPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
29. &RQWURODĠLGDFăVXQWHĠLSUHJăWLWvQGHDMXQVSHQWUXDSUH]HQWDDH[SXQHvQVFULVúLDGHPRQVWUD
pe preparate cele studiate.
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31. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHSULYLQGWHPDQUREĠLQXWHvQXUPDGLVFXĠLLORUGHPRQVWUDĠLLORU
20
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Lucrarea nr. 4
Tema: 2DVHOH FXWLHL WRUDFLFH 7RUDFHOH vQ DQVDPEOX SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH OXL GH YkUVWă úL
de sex. TipXULOH FRQVWLWXĠLRQDOH úL YDULDQWHOH GH IRUPă DOH WRUDFHOXL 2DVHOH
centurii scapulare. Explorarea pe viu a toracelui.
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a. 7LSXULOHFRQVWLWXĠLRQDOHúLLPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
b. 'HILQLĠLDWRUDFHOXLFRPSRQHQWHOHFXWLHLWRUDFLFH.
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d. Coastele – GHILQLĠLH SR]LĠLH FODVLILFDUH, VWUXFWXUă 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOH PRUIRORJLFH VSHFLDOH DOH
FRDVWHORU,,,;,úL;,,
e. 'H]YROWDUHDúLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDFRDVWHORUúLDVWHUQXOXL
f. Toracele în ansDPEOX SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH GH YkUVWă úL GH VH[ UROXO OXL IXQFĠLRQDO 9DULDQWHOH
QRUPDOHúLSDWRORJLFHDIRUPHLWRUDFHOXL
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h. Explorarea toracelui pe viu.
i. Repere osoase ale toracelui.
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FHQWXULL VFDSXODUH úL D GHSULQGHULORU YL]kQG LGHQWLILFDUHD ORU SH VFKHOHW úL SH YLX
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elementele lor descriptive.
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OD VWXGLHUHD DOWRU FDSLWROH DOH DQDWRPLHL GDU úL SHQWUX RULHQWDUHD SH WRUDFH
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sunt importante în cardiologie, pulmonologie, hepatologie, chirurgie,
WUDXPDWRORJLHLPDJLVWLFăHWF
1. Din chestionar (Anexa 1VHOHFWDĠLVXELHFWHOHWHRUHWLFHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUVWXGLDĠL-le cu

DWHQĠLHQRWDĠi tezele mai importante.
3. 'HILQLĠLWRUDFHOHúLFXWLDWRUDFLFăHQXPHUDĠLHOHPHQWHOHFRQVWLWXWLYHDOHDFHVWHLD
21
19
4. 6HOHFWDĠLGLQFKHVWLRQDU&RQWUROXOFXQRúWLQĠHORUSUDFWLFHVXELHFWHle, referitoare la tema nr. 4,
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VWXGLDĠL-OHvQSR]LĠLDORUDQDWRPLFăúLFHUFHWDĠL-OHFXDWHQĠLHGXSăFHLGHQWLILFDĠL-le pe schelet.
5. $GQRWDĠLILJVFULHĠLSHLPDJLQH GHQXPLULOHIRUPDĠLXQLORULQGLFDWHSULQOLQLL
Fig. 1
6. (QXPHUDĠL HOHPHQWHOH GHVFULSWLYH DOH VWHUQXOXL SDOSDELOH SH YLX úL PHQĠLRQDĠL FXP SRW IL
identificate.
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denumirea lor.
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fiecare grup.
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Lucrarea nr. 5
Tema: Scheletul membrului superior liber. Explorarea pe viu a oaselor membrului

superior.
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a. Segmentele scheletului membrului superior.
b. Humerusul – SR]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUă
c. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL– SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăORFDOL]DUH
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e. Dezvoltarea oaselor membrului superior, anomalii de dezvoltare.
f. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOHRDVHORUPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
g. PartiFXODULWăĠLOHPRUIRIXQFĠLRQDOHDOHVFKHOHWXOXLPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
h. Explorarea pe viu a oaselor membrului superior.
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„membre toracice”, „membre pelviene”.
34
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35
33
Lucrarea nr. 6
Tema: Oasele centurii pelviene. Femurul.
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a. Segmentele scheletului membrului inferior.

b. Coxalul – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăFRPSRQHQWHVWUXFWXUă
c. Femurul – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUă
d. 'H]YROWDUHDRDVHORUFHQWXULLSHOYLHQHúLDIHPXUXOXLúLDQRPDOLLOHORUGHGH]YROWare.
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Lucrarea nr. 7
Tema: 2DVHOHJDPEHLúLDOHSLFLRUXOXL.
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49
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Lucrarea nr. 8
Tema: Craniul – JHQHUDOLWăĠL FRPSRQHQWHOH úL FRPSDUWLPHQWHOH OXL 2DVHOH FUDQLXOXL

cerebral – frontalul, occLSLWDOXOúLSDULHWDOXO– VWUXFWXUăH[SORUDUHSHYLX
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50
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Fig.1
4. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLSHLPagine craniul cerebral, craniul YLVFHUDOEROWDúLED]DFUDQLXOXL
Fig. 2
51
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imaginile din fig. 9.
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D E
55
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Fig.9
15. (QXPHUDĠL HOHPHQWHOH GHVFULSWLYH DOH IURQWDOXOXL RFFLSLWDOXOXL úL SDULHWDOXOXL SDOSDELOH SH
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16. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPDÄ3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRaselor craniului”.
17. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[DUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDGDWăUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
18. )RUPXODĠLFRQFOX]LLUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDVWXGLDWăLQGLFDĠLLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDIRUPDĠLXQLORU
cercetate.
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temei.
56
54
Lucrarea nr. 9
Tema: Oasele craniului cerebral – VIHQRLGXOúLHWPRLGXO– VWUXFWXUăH[SORUDUHSHYLX
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. Osul sfenoid – DúH]DUHSăUĠLFRQVWLWXWLYHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO

b. Etmoidul – ORFDOL]DUH vQ FUDQLX SăUĠL FRPSRQHQWH SR]LĠLH DQDWRPLFă VWUXFWXUă UROXO OXL vQ
craniu.
c. Sinusurile paranazale – frontal, sfenoid, etmoid – ORFDOL]DUHFRPXQLFăULUROIXQFĠLRQDO
d. &HQWULLGHRVLILFDUHDVIHQRLGXOXLúLHWPRLGXOXLWHUPHQLLDSDULĠLHLúLFRntopirii lor.
e. $QRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRVXOXLVIHQRLGúLDRVXOXLHWPRLG
f. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDVIHQRLGXOXLúLHWPRLGXOXL
Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULYLQG ORFDOL]DUHD vQ FUDQLX SR]LĠLD DQDWRPLFă SăUĠLOH
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lor pe viu.
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traumatologiei, neurologiei, otorinolaringologiei, imagisticii.
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SR]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăSăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHVWUXFWXUDVIHQRLGXOXLúLHWPRLGului. În conformitate cu
chestionarul (Anexa1LGHQWLILFDĠLHOHPHQWHOHORUGHVFULSWLYHLQFOXVLYFHOHH[SORUDELOHSHYLX.
57
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Fig.1
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8. $GQRWDĠLILJVFULHĠLSHLPDJLQLGHQXPLUHDVWUXFWXULORULQGLFDWHSULQOLQLL
A B
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59
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Fig. 3
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13. 5HSURGXFHĠL GLQ Ä&XOHJHUHD GH VFKHPH´ VFKHPD FHQWULORU GH RVLILFDUH D RVXOXL Vfenoid,
LQGLFDĠLWHUPHQLLDSDULĠLHLúLFRQWRSLULLORU
60
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14. (QXPHUDĠL PHWRGHOH GH H[SORUDUH SH YLX D VIHQRLGXOXL úL HWPRLGXOXL QRWDĠL HOHPHQWHOH ORU
descriptive, palpabile pe viu.
15. (ODERUDĠLXQPLFUHIHUDWODWHPDÄ$QRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUVIHQRLGúLHWPRLG´
16. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOHAnexa 2UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
17. )RUPXODĠLFRQFOX]LLFXSULYLUHODPDWHULDOHOHVWXGLDWHúLLPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
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20. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHFXSULYLUHODWHPDGDWă
61
59
Lucrarea nr. 10
Tema: Osul temporal – VWUXFWXUăúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX
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a. /RFDOL]DUHDvQFUDQLXSR]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăúLUROXOIXQFĠLRQDODORVXOXLWHPSRUDO
b. 3RUĠLXQLOHFRQVWLWXWLYHDOHWHPSRUDOXOXLSR]LĠLDORUvQFDGUXORVXOXL
c. Solzul – DúH]DUHIHĠHPDUJLQLVWUXFWXUă
d. 3RUĠLXQHDSHWURPDVWRLGLDQă– VWkQFDSLUDPLGDúLDSRIL]DPDVWRLGLDQă– ORFDOL]DUHVWUXFWXUă
WLSXULOHDSRIL]HLPDVWRLGLHQHWHUPHQLLDSDULĠLHLFHOXOHORUPDVWRLGLHQH
e. 3RUĠLXQHDWLPSDQLFă– DúH]DUHVWUXFWXUă
f. &DYLWăĠLOHúLFDQDOHOHRVXOXLWHPSRUal.
g. Explorarea pe viu a temporalului.
Scopul: ,QRFXODUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH ORFDOL]DUHD SăUĠLOH FRPSRQHQWH úL VWUXFWXUD

WHPSRUDOXOXLSUHFXPúLIRUPDUHDGHSULQGHULORUGHDLGHQWLILFDRVXOúLSăUĠLOHFDUH
vODOFăWXLHVFúLDOVLWXDvQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăDGHVFULHúLGHPRQVWUDHOHPHQWHOHOXL
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traumatologie, neuURORJLH LPDJLVWLFă úL vQ VSHFLDO SHQWUX RWRULQRODULQJRORJLH
(tratamentul chirurgical al otitelor, mastoiditelor etc.).
1. Din chestionar (Anexa 1 VHOHFWDĠL VXELHFWHOH FDUH VH UHIHUă OD PRUIRORJLD WHPSRUDOXOXL
FRPSDUDĠL-le cu subtemHOHGHPDLVXVVWXGLDĠL-OHIDFHĠLQRWLĠH
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chestionarul (Anexa 1).
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60
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Fig.1
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Fig. 2
63
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Fig. 3
C D
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10. 1RWDĠLWHUPHQLLDSDULĠLHLFHOXOHORUPDVWRLGLHQH
11. (QXPHUDĠL PHWRGHOH GH H[SORUDUH SH YLX D WHPSRUDOXOXL QRWDĠL HOHPHQWHOH OXL VWUXFWXUDOH
palpabile pe viu.
65
63
12. 'HVFULHĠLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
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15. &RQWURODĠL-YăJUDGXOGHSUHJăWLUHSHQWUXDGHPRQVWUDúLSUH]HQWDPDWHULDOXOVWXGLDW
66
64
Lucrarea nr. 11
Tema: Oasele craniului facial – VWUXFWXUăúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. Craniul facial (viscerocraniul) – componente, rROIXQFĠLRQDO

b. Maxila – ORFDOL]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSăUĠLFRQVWLWXWLYHVWUXFWXUă
c. Osul palatin – DúH]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSăUĠLFRPSRQHQWHVWUXFWXUă
d. Mandibula – ORFDOL]DUHvQFUDQLXSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSăUĠLOHDOFăWXLWRDUHVWUXFWXUăGH]YROWDUH
e. Oasele mici ale craniului facial – zigomatic, nazal, lacrimal, cornetul nazal inferior, vomerul,
hioidul – ORFDOL]DUHFRQIRUPDĠLHH[WHUQăVWUXFWXUă
f. Sinusul maxilar – ORFDOL]DUHUROIXQFĠLRQDOúLDSOLFDWLY
g. Explorarea pe viu a oaselor craniului facial.
Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULYLQG ORFDOL]DUHD FRPSRQHQĠD SR]LĠLD DQDWRPLFă

VWUXFWXUD RDVHORU YLVFHURFUDQLXOXL úL D GHSULQGHULORU GH D OH GHVFULH GHPRQVWUD úL
explora pe viu..
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2. &RQVWUXLĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXULORJLFHSHQWUXILHFDUHVXEWHPă
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4. Pe piese osoasH VHSDUDWH FRPSOH[H GH RDVH DOH FUDQLXOXL IDFLDO úL SH FUDQLXO vQ DQVDPEOX
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preparate toate elementele descriptive, enumerate în chestionar (Anexa 1).
67
65
5. 'HVFULHĠL ORFDOL]DUHD SR]LĠLD DQDWRPLFă úL UDSRUWXULOH PD[LOHL HQXPHUDĠL SăUĠLOH HL
componente.
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A B
Fig.1
68
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7. (QXPHUDĠLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDPD[LOHL'HVFULHĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ
A B C
Fig. 2
8. (QXPHUDĠLSăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHRVXOXLSDODWLQ
9. $GQRWDĠLILJQRWDĠLGHQXPLULOHHOHPHQWHORULQGLFDWHSULQOLQLL
Fig. 3
69
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10. (QXPHUDĠL SăUĠLOH FRPSRQHQWH DOH PDQGLEXOHL 'HVFULHĠL ORFDOL]DUHD HL SR]LĠLD DQDWRPLFă
raporturile cu alte oase ale craniului.
11. $GQRWDĠLILJVFULHĠLGHQXPLULOHHOHPHQWHORUHYLGHQĠLDWHGLQLPDJLQL.
A B
Fig. 4
12. 5HSURGXFHĠLGLQÄ&XOHJHUHDGHVFKHPH´VFKHPDFHQWULORUGHRVLILFDUHDPDQGLEXOHL.
70
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descriptive.
A B
C D E
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71
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15. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLORFDOL]DUHDúLSăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWe ale piesei osoase din imagine.
Fig.7
16. ,QGLFDĠLWHUPHQLLDSDULĠLHLVLQXVXOXLPD[LODUPRGLILFăULOHOXLvQGLYHUVHSHULRDGHGHYkUVWăúL
LPSRUWDQĠDOXLDSOLFDWLYă
17. 1XPLĠL PHWRGHOH GH H[SORUDUH SH YLX D RDVHORU FUDQLXOXL IDFLDO LQGLFDĠL elementele lor
descriptive palpabile pe viu.
18. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D)UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
20. &RQWURODĠL-YăDELOLWDWHDGHDGHPRQVWUDúLSUH]HQWDPDWHULDOXOVWXGLDW
72
70
Lucrarea nr. 12
Tema: Craniul în ansamblu.
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. &UDQLXOFHUHEUDOúLFUDQLXOIDFLDO– GHILQLĠLLUROIXQFĠLRQDOGHOLPLWăUL
b. Bolta craniului – GHILQLĠLH SURLHFĠLD OLQLHL OLPLWURIH GLQWUH HD úL ED]D FUDQLXOXL RDVHOH
FRPSRQHQWHIHĠHVXWXULUHOLHI
c. Baza craniului – defiQLĠLHRDVHOHFRPSRQHQWHHQGRED]DúLH[RED]DIRVHHWDMHUHOLHI
d. Orbita – ORFDOL]DUHSHUHĠLUHOLHIFRPXQLFăUL
e. &DYLWDWHDQD]DOă– ORFDOL]DUHSHUHĠLFRPSDUWLPHQWHFRPXQLFăUL
f. )RVHOHWHPSRUDOăLQIUDWHPSRUDOăSWHULJRSDODWLQă– SHUHĠLFRPXQLFăUL
Scopul: )DPLOLDUL]DUHD FX WRSRJUDILD FUDQLXOXL vQ DQVDPEOX úL FX FHD D FRPSDUWLPHQWHORU
OXL vQ VSHFLDO úL IRUPDUHD GHSULQGHULORU SULYLQG GHVFULHUHD úL GHPRQVWUDUHD
elementelor structurale care le compun.
0RWLYDĠLD: &XQRúWLQĠHOHúLGHSULQGHULOHGREkQGLWHvQUH]XOWDWXOUHDOL]ăULLDFWXDOHLOXFUăULYRUIL
XWLOH SHQWUX VWXGLHUHD XOWHULRDUă D DQDWRPLHL VLVWHPLFH úL FOLQLFH D FDSXOXL úL D
RUJDQHORU ORFDOL]DWH OD QLYHOXO OXL SUHFXP úL D QHXURORJLHL FKLUXUJLHL PD[LOR-
faciale, oftalmologiei, ORL, imagisticii etc.
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2. (ODERUDĠLVWUXFWXULORJLFHSHQWUXILHFDUHVXEWHPăUHSUH]HQWDĠL-le grafic.
3. PHFUDQLXOvQDQVDPEOXED]HúLVHFĠLXQLVDJLWDOHúLIURQWDOHDOHDFHVWXLDVWXGLDĠLIRUPDĠLXQLOH
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73
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Fig.1
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Fig. 2
7. 1RWDĠLIRUPDĠLXQLOHFDUHVHSDUăIRVHOHHQGRED]HLFUaniului una de alta.
74
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8. (QXPHUDĠL RDVHOH VDX SăUĠLOH ORU FRPSRQHQWH FDUH SDUWLFLSă OD IRUPDUHD IRVHORU DQWHULRDUă
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9. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLIRVHOHHQGRED]HLFUDQLXOXLúLRDVHOHFDUHOHIRUPHD]ă.
Fig. 3
10. (QXPHUDĠL FRPXQLFăULOH IRVHORU HQGRED]HL FUDQLXOXL LQGLFDĠL IRUPDĠLXQLOH QHXURYDVFXODUH

care trec prin ele.
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12. $GQRWDĠLILJGHQXPLĠLHOHPHQWHOHPDUFDWHSULQOLQLL
Fig. 4
13. (QXPHUDĠL SHUHĠLL RUELWHL LQGLFDĠL RDVHOH VDX SRUĠLXQLOH GH RDVH FDUH vL IRUPHD]ă úL
FRPXQLFăULOHFXFRQĠLQXWXOORU
76
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14. $GQRWDĠLILJGHQXPLĠLHOHPHQWHOHLQGLFDWHSULQOLQLL.
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operatorie, traumatologie, chirurgie, reabilitologie etc.
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a.
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x DQDWRPLDSHYLXDPXúFKLORU
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chirurgiei.
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c. )DVFLLOHDQWHEUDĠXOXLUDSRUWXOORUFXPXúFKLLUHJLXQLL
d. 5HSHUHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL
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Lucrarea nr. 24
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Topografia membrului superior.
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a. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORUPkLQLLRULJLQHDLQVHUĠLDúLIXQFĠLDORU
b. PDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHIDVFLLORUPkLQLL
c. 7RSRJUDILDúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
d. 5ROXO DSOLFDWLY DO IRUPDĠLXQLORU WRSRJUDILFH DOH PHPEUXOXL VXSHULRU GHOLPLWDWH GH PXúFKL
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membrului superior.
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140
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143
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Lucrarea nr. 25
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a. 0XúFKLLDEGRPHQXOXL
b. Fasciile abdomenului.
c. Topografia peretelui anterolateral al abdomenului.
144
142
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145
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fig.2.
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4
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Fig. 4
aSHUHĠLLFDQDOXOXLLQJKLQDOVXQWIRUPDĠi:
anterior
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inferiror
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iar cel profund corespunde
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147
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A B
Fig. 5
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A B
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Fig. 6
11. ([SOLFDĠLWHUPHQXOORFVODEDOSHUHĠLORUDEGRPLQDOL.
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x Locurile slabe ale peretelui antero-lateral al abdomenului.
x Canalul inghinal.
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148
146
Lucrarea nr. 26
Tema: 0XúFKLL úL IDVFLLOH ED]LQXOXL úL FRDSVHL – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL úL
explorare pe viu.
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a. 0XúFKLLED]LQXOui – FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
b. 0XúFKLLFRDSVHL– FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
c. 0XúFKLLDQWUHQDĠLvQGLQDPLFDFRDSVHLúLJDPEHL
d. )DVFLLOHED]LQXOXLúLFRDSVHL– SDUWLFXODULWăĠLUHJLRQDOHGHVWUXFWXUăGHULYDWH
e. Anatomia pe viu a muúFKLORU ED]LQXOXL úL FRDSVHL UHSHUH PXVFXODUH úL RVRDVH UROXO ORU
aplicativ).
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ED]LQXOXL úL FRDSVHL IXQFĠLLOH ORU LGHQWLILFDUHD úL GHPRQVWUDUHD DFHVWRUD
indicându-le RULJLQHDúLLQVHUĠLDSHFDGDYUXSHVFKHOHWSUHFXPúLIDPLOLDUL]DUHD
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0RWLYDĠLD: 'DWHOH FDUH ĠLQ GH DQDWRPLD úL WRSRJUDILD PXúFKLORU ED]LQXOXL úL FRDSVHL YRU IL
utile pentru studierea vaselor sangvinH úL D QHUYLORU DQDWRPLHL WRSRJUDILFH
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importante.
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x 0XúFKLLED]LQXOXL
x 0XúFKLLFRDSVHL
x )DVFLLOHED]LQXOXLúLFRDSVHL
149
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A B C
150
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F Fig.3
151
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Fig.4
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A B
Fig.5
8. 7HVWDUHDFăURUPXúFKLDLED]LQXOXLúLFRDSVHLHUHSUH]HQWDWăGHLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ"
A B C D
152
150
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]
Fig. 6
A B C D
Fig. 7
10. ([SOLFDĠLWHrmenii pes anserinus superficialis et profundus.
11. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPD Ä)DVFLLOHFRDSVHLúLGHULYDWHOHORU´.

13. (YDOXDĠLFRPSHWHQĠHOHúLGHSULQGHULOHREĠLQXWH
15. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHODWHPăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB________________
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153
151
Lucrarea nr. 27
Tema: 0XúFKLL úL IDVFLLOH JDPEHL úL SLFLRUXOXL – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL úL
explorare pe viu. Topografia membrului inferior
&RQĠLQXWXO temei:
a. 0XúFKLLJDPEHL– FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
b. 0XúFKLLSLFLRUXOXL– FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
c. )DVFLLOHJDPEHLúLSLFLRUXOXLSDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHVWUXFWXUăGHULYDWH
d. Topografia membrului inferior.
e. 6WXGLHUHD SH YLX D PXúFKLORU úL HOHPHQWHORU WRSRJUDILFH UHSHUHORU PXVFXODUH úL RVRDVH DOH
PHPEUXOXLLQIHULRULPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
Scopul: )DPLOLDUL]DUHD VWXGHQĠLORU FX FODVLILFDUHD VWUXFWXUD RULJLQHD LQVHUĠLD úL IXQFĠLD
PXúFKLORU JDPEHL úL SLFLRUXOXL LGHQWLILFDUHD úL GHPRQVWUDUHD ORU SH SLHVHOH
DQDWRPLFHHYLGHQĠLHUHDWRSRJUDILHLUHJLXQLLúLLPSRUWDQĠDHLDSOLFDWLYă
0RWLYDĠLD: ,QIRUPDĠLD FDUH ĠLQH GH DQDWRPLD úL WRSRJUDILD PXúFKLORU úL IDVFLLORU PHPEUXOXL
LQIHULRU HVWH H[WUHP GH LPSRUWDQWă SHQWUX VWXGLHUHD XOWHULRDUă D IDVFLFXOHORU
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GLVFLSOLQH FOLQLFH DQDWRPLHL WRSRJUDILFH úL FKLUXUJLHL RSHUDWRULL WUDXPDWRORJLHL
microchirurgiei, neurologiei, kinetoterapiei etc.).
Realizarea lucrăULL:
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice, utilizând cadavrul
GLVHFDWPXODMHSUHSDUDWHGHPX]HXILOPHYLGHRSODQúHDWODVHQRWDĠi tezele mai importante.
x MXúFKLLJDPEHL.
x MXúFKLLSLFLRUXOXL.
x Topografia membrului inferior.
154
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3. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJVFULHĠLOHJHQGDLQGLFDĠLPXúFKLLFDUHIRUWLILFăEROĠLOHSiciorului.
A B C
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Fig. 1
155
153
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A B C
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156
154
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Fig. 3
6. $GQRWDĠL ILJ LQGLFDĠL GHQXPLULOH IRUPDĠLXQLORU UHIHULWRDUH OD ODFXQHOH YDVFXODUă úL
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157
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A B C D
158
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Fig.6
a. orificiile supra – úLLQIUDSLULIRUPVXQWGHOLPLWDWHGH
iar canalul obturator de
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d. canalului aductor i se descriu:
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delimitate de
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159
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A B C
Fig. 7
11. ,QGLFDĠLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHúLFDQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHGLQUHJLXQHDJOH]QHLúLSLFLRUXOXLILJ.

A B
160
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A B
161
159
C D
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14. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPD „Topografia membrului inferior”.
16. &RQWURODĠLGDFăVXQWHĠLSUHJăWLWVXILFLHQWSHQWUXDH[SXQHúLGHPRQVWUDFHOHVWXGLDWH
162
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Tema: 0XúFKLLJkWXOXL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLLúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. 0XúFKLLJkWXOXL– FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
b. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDPXúFKLORUJkWXOXL.
Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU úL GHSULQGHULORU SUDFWLFH SULYLQG VWUXFWXUD WRSRJUDILD úL
IXQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORUJkWXOXLLGHQWLILFDUHDúLGHPRQVWUDUHDORU
0RWLYDĠLD: &XQRDúWHUHDDQDWRPLHLúLWRSRJUDILHLPXúFKLORUJkWXOXLYDILXWLOăSHQWUXVWXGLHUHD
YDVHORU VDQJYLQH úL QHUYLORU VHJPHQWXOXL UHVSHFWLY SUHFXP úL D DQDWRPLHL
topografice, chirurgiei, traumatologiei, neurologiei etc.
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice úL PDWHULDOHOH
LOXVWUDWLYH FDGDYUXO GLVHFDW SUHSDUDWH GH PX]HX PXODMH ILOPH YLGHR SODQúH DWODVH HWF
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6. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLPXúFKLLJkWXOXLH[SORUDELOLSHYLX
A B
Fig. 2
164
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8. 7HVWDUHDFăURUPXúFKLDLJkWXOXLHUHSUH]HQWDWăSULQLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ"
A B
Fig. 3
9. &RPSOHWDĠLWDEHOXO.
N/o Denumirea muúFKLXOXL Originea ,QVHUĠLD )XQFĠLD
1. m. sternocleidomastoidian
2. m. digastric
3. m. omohioid
4. m. scalen anterior
11. 6XQWHĠL SUHJăWLW vQGHDMXQV SHQWUX D GHPRQVWUD úL UHODWD GHVSUH FHOH VWXGLDWH " &RQWURODĠL-Yă
FXQRúWLQĠHOH
165
163
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Tema: )DVFLLOHúLWRSRJUDILDJkWXOXL
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. Fasciile gâtului – FODVLILFDUH GXSă 31$ úL GXSă ȼ. ɇ. ɒɟɜɤɭɧɟɧɤɨ SDUWLFXODULWăĠL

WRSRJUDILFHLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
b. 7RSRJUDILD JkWXOXL WULXQJKLXUL IRVH VSDĠLL LQWHUIDVFLDOH úL LQWHUPXVFXODUH LPSRUWDQĠă
SUDFWLFă
c. $QDWRPLDSHYLXDJkWXOXLUHSHUHRVRDVHúLPXVFXODUH
d. 5DSRUWXULOH PXúFKLORU JkWXOXL FX IRLĠHOH IDVFLDOH YLVFHUHOH FHUYLFDOH úL SDFKHWXO
neurovascular al regiunii.
Scopul: )DPLOLDUL]DUHD FX IRUPDĠLXQLOH WRSRJUDILFH úL IDVFLLOH FHUYLFDOH úL LPSRUWDQĠD ORU
DSOLFDWLYă SUHFXP úL IRUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU úL GHSULQGHULORU SUDFWLFH SULYLQG
orientarea în elementele topografice ale regiunii.
0RWLYDĠLD: ,QIRUPDĠLD FDUH ĠLQH GH IRUPDĠLXQLOH WRSRJUDILFH DOH JkWXOXL úL GLQDPLFD
VHJPHQWXOXL FHUYLFDO DO WUXQFKLXOXL HVWH LPSRUWDQWă SHQWUX VWXGLHUHD YDVHORU
VDQJYLQH úL D QHUYLORU GLQ UHJLXQH SUHFXP úL SHQWUX FRQúWLHQWL]DUHD XQRU
GLVFLSOLQH FOLQLFH DQDWRPLHL WRSRJUDILFH úL FKLUXUJLHL RSHUDWRULL WUDXPDWRORJLHL
microchirurgiei, ORL, neurologiei etc.).
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tezele mai importante.
x Fasciile gâtului.
x Topografia gâtului.
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A B
Fig. 1
166
164
4. $GQRWDĠL ILJ LQGLFDĠL PXúFKLL úL IRUPDĠLXQLOH WRSRJUDILFH DOH JkWXOXL SH LPDJLQH
UHSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFWULXQJKLul arterei lingvale (al lui Pirogov).
Fig.2
5. ,QGLFDĠL IRUPDĠLXQLOH FDUH GHOLPLWHD]ă WULJRQXO DUWHUHL YHUWHEUDOH :DOGH\HU H[SOLFDĠL

LPSRUWDQĠDOXLDSOLFDWLYă
6. 3HLPDJLQHDGLQILJLQGLFDĠLIDVFLLOHúLPXúFKLLJkWXOXLVSDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOH.
Fig. 3
167
165
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regiunea gâtului:
a. spatium interaponeuroticum suprasternale e localizat între
b. spatium previscerale e delimitat de
c. spatium retroviscerale e localizat între
d. spatium prevertebraleORFDOL]DWvQWUHH[RED]DFUDQLXOXLúL7K3, e delimitat
anterior de
posterior de
e. spatium antescalenum DUHFDSHUHĠLDQWHULRU
posterior
úLLQIHULRU
úLFRQĠLQH
f. spatium interscalenum e delimitat anterior de
posteriror de
úLLQIHULRUGHSULQHOWUHF
j. fossa retromandibularis HORFDOL]DWă

úLFRQĠLQH
8. ([SOLFDĠLWHUPHQLLSDFKHWQHXURYDVFXODUDOJkWXOXLVSDĠLX interfascial.
x Topografia gâtului
x Fasciile gâtului
11. &RQWURODĠLvQFHPăVXUăVXQWHĠLSUHJăWLWSHQWUXDGHPRQVWUDúL relata cele studiate.
14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHODWHPă
168
166
Lucrarea nr. 30
Tema: 0XúFKLLúLIDVFLLOHFDSXOXL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLLúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX.
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. 0XúFKLL PLPLFL – FODVLILFDUH SDUWLFXODULWăĠL GH VWUXFWXUă RULHQWDUHD IDVFLFXlelor musculare,

RULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
b. 0XúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL– RULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIXQFĠLL
c. )DVFLLOHH[WUHPLWăĠLLFHIDOLFHSDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHVWUXFWXUăVSDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOH
d. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDPXúFKLORUFDSXOXL
Scopul: Familiarizarea cu nomenFODWXUD PXúFKLORU FDSXOXL IRUPDUHD GHSULQGHULORU GH D

LGHQWLILFDúLGHPRQVWUDPXúFKLLPLPLFLúLDSULFHSHULLGHDDUJXPHQWDRULJLQHDúL
SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH ORU GH LQVHUĠLH SUHFXP úL PHWRGHOH GH H[SORUDUH SH YLX DOH
acestora.
0RWLYDĠLD: &XQRúWLQĠHOH SULYLQG PRUIRORJLD PXúFKLORU FDSXOXL úL D IDVFLLORU H[WUHPLWăĠLL
FHIDOLFHVXQWQHFHVDUHSHQWUXVWXGLHUHDYDVHORUVDQJYLQHúLDQHUYLORUUHJLXQLLúLD
unor discipline clinice (anatomiei topografice, chirurgiei maxilofaciale,
traumatologiei, neurologiei, chirurgiei plastice, reabilitologiei etc.).
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice, utilizând cadavrul,
preparate de muzeuILOPHYLGHRSODQúHPXODMHDWODVHQRWDĠLWH]HOHPDLLPSRUWDQWH
x 0XúFKLLFDSXOXL.
x Fasciile capului.
3. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJUHIHULWRDUHODPXúFKLLPLPLFL
A B
Fig. 1
169
167
4. $GQRWDĠLLPDJLQLOHGLQILJUHIHULWRDUHODPXúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
A B
C D
Fig. 2
170
168
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A B C D
E F G H I
Fig. 3
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
f.
g.
h.
i.
6. &RQWLQXDĠLIUD]HOHUHIHULWRDUHODIDVFLLOHFDSXOXL
a. fascia capitis superficialisvQDVSHFWGHSHULPLVLXPDFRSHUăPDMRULWDWHDPXúFKLORU
_____________________________________________________________________________;
b. fascia capitis propria include:
x fascia temporalisFDUHVHGLYLGHvQGRXăIRLĠHBBBBBBBBBB_________________________
_______________________________________________________________________;
x fascia masseterica FDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB___________________;
x fascia parotideaFDUHIRUPHD]ăFDSVXOăSHQWUXBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB___________________;
x fascia bucopharyngeaFDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB__________________
_________________________________________________________________________.
7. )LQLVDĠLIUD]HOHFDUHĠLQGH VSDĠLLOHFHOXORDGLSRDVHLQWHUIDVFLDOHúLLQWHUPXVFXODUHDOHFDSXOXL
a. spatium interaponeuroticum temporale e localizat între ______________________________
____________________________________________________________________________;
b. spatium subaponeuroticum temporale e delimitat de ________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________;
c. spatium intermuscularis temporopterygoideum VHDIOăvQWUHBBBBBBBBBBB_______________
____________________________________________________________________________;
d. spatium intermuscularis interpterygoideum HPăUJLQLWGHBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB_____________
____________________________________________________________________________;
e. corpus adiposum buccae e localizat între _________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
171
169
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A B
Fig. 4
A B
Fig. 5
10. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPDÄ7HVWDUHDPXúFKLORUPLPLFLúLPDVWLFDWRUL´
172
170
11. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D refeULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH
12. &RQWURODĠLGDFăVXQWHĠLSUHJăWLWSHQWUXDGHPRQVWUDúLUHODWDFHOHVWXGLDWH
173
171
Lucrarea nr. 31
Tema: 0XúFKLLIDVFLLOHúLWRSRJUDILDVSDWHOXL([SORUDUHD SHYLXDPXúFKLORUVSDWHOXL

Forma spatelui.
&RQĠLQXWXOWHPHL
a. 0XúFKLLVSDWHOXL– FODVLILFDUHRULJLQHLQVHUĠLHIRUPDúLIXQFĠLDORU
b. Fasciile spatelui – SDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHVWUXFWXUă
c. Topografia spatelui .
d. Anatomia pe viu a regiuni dorsale a trunchiului.
Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULYLQG QRPHQFODWXUD PXúFKLORU VSDWHOXL ORFDOL]DUHD úL

IXQFĠLLOH ORU SUHFXP úL D GHSULQGHULORU GH D-i identifica, indicându-OH RULJLQHD úL
LQVHUĠLD
0RWLYDĠLD: 'DWHOH FDUH ĠLQ GH DQDWRPLD úL WRSRJUDILD PXúFKLORU úL fasciilor spatelui, locurile
slabe din peretele abdominal posterior, vor fi utile pentru studierea anatomiei
topografice a regiunii, chirurgiei, traumatologiei, neurologiei, kinetoterapiei etc.
1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1) subLHFWHOH WHRUHWLFH úL SUDFWLFH UHIHULWRDUH OD
WHPăDQDOL]DĠL-OH úL VWXGLDĠL-le în corespundere cu sursele bibliografice, folosindu-Yă GH
FDGDYUXO GLVHFDW PXODMH SUHSDUDWH GH PX]HX ILOPH YLGHR SODQúH DWODVH QRWDĠL WH]HOH PDL
importante.
2. 5HSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăDFRPSRQHQWHORUWHPHLFDUHĠLQGH
x 0XúFKLLVSDWHOXL.
x Fasciile spatelui.
x Topografia spatelui.
A B
174
172
C D E
Fig. 1
4. &HVHvQĠHOHJHSULQQRĠLXQLOHGHWULXQJKLúLWHWUDJRQORPEDUL"
5. &RQWLQXDĠLIUD]HOHUHIHULWRDUHODIDVFLLOHVSDWHOXL
x fascia dorsi superficialis HSODVDWăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB________________________;
x fascia dorsi propria DFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB____________________________________
úLHIRUPDWăGLQ
x lamina superficialis fasciae dorsi propriae QXPLWăúLBBBB__________________________),
FDUHDFRSHUăBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBBB_____________________________
x _________________________________________________________________________;
x lamina profunda fasciae dorsi propriaFDUHDFRSHUăPXúFKLXOBBBBB__________________
____________________________________________________________________________.
175
173
6. ,QGLFDĠLSHLPDJLQHDGLQILJUHSHUHOHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHVSDWHOXL
Fig. 2
7. 7HVWDUHDFăURUPXúFKLDLVSDWHOXLHUHSUH]HQWDWăSULQLPDJLQLOHGLQILJ?
A B
C D
Fig. 3
176
174
8. (QXPHUDĠLúLH[SOLFDĠLYDULDQWHOHGHIRUPăDVSDWHOXL
x Fasciile spatelui.
x Topografia spatelui.
x ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDPXúFKLORUVSDWHOXL.
11. 9HULILFDĠLFRPSHWHQĠHOHúLGHSULQGHULOHIRUPDWHvQUH]XOWDWXOVWXGLHULLWHPei.
13. 6XELHFWHQHFODUHúLvQWUHEăULDSăUXWHSHSDUFXUVXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULLQU
177
175
Anexa I
CHESTIONAR PRIVIND APARATUL LOCOMOTOR
&RQWUROXOFXQRúWLQĠHORUSUDFWLFH
,'LQRVWHRORJLHUHVSRQGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
1. Exemple de oase tubulare.

2. Exemple de oase plate.
3. Exemple de oase spongioase.
4. Exemple de oase pneumatice.
5. Exemple de oase sesamoide.
6. Exemple de oase monoepifizare.
7. 3RUĠLXQLOHRDVHORUWXEXODUHOXQJL
8. 3ăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHYHUWHEUHORU
9. 9HUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOH,úL,,
10. 9HUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOH9,úL9,,
11. 9HUWHEUHOHWRUDFLFH,;;,úL;,,
12. Vertebrele lombare.
13. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDYHUWHEUHORU
14. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDVDFUXOXL
15. Curburile coloanei vertebrale.
16. )RUPDĠLXQLOHRVRDVHGLQUHJLXQHDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHSDOSDELOHSHYLX
17. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDFRDVWHORU
18. &RDVWHOH,,,;,úL;,,
19. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDVWHUQXOXL
20. Unghiul sternal (Louis).
21. Arcul costal.
22. Unghiul infrasternal.
23. Unghiul costoxifoidian.
24. Reperele osoase ale toracelui.
25. Oasele membrului toracic.
26. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH
27. Elementele descriptive ale scapulei.
28. Elementele descriptive ale claviculei.
29. &RPSRQHQWHOHVFDSXOHLúL claviculei, palpabile pe viu.
30. Radiograme ale oaselor centurii scapulare.
31. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDKXPHUXVXOXL
32. Elementele descriptive ale humerusului.
33. Elementele humerusului, palpabile pe viu.
34. Radiograme ale humerusului.
35. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL
36. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
37. (OHPHQWHOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXLSDOSDELOHSHYLX
38. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
39. Oasele mâinii.
40. Oasele carpiene.
41. Oasele metacarpiene.
42. Elementele scheletului mâinii, palpabile pe viu.
43. Oasele membrului pelvin.
44. Oasele pelvisului.
45. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDFR[DOXOXL
178
176
46. 3RUĠLXQLOHFR[DOXOXL
47. Elemente descriptive ale coxalului.
48. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDSHOYLVXOXL
49. Pelvisul mare.
50. Pelvisul mic.
51. Promontoriul.
52. /LQLDWHUPLQDOă
53. $SHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDSHOYLVXOXL
54. $SHUWXUDLQIHULRDUăDSHOYLVXOXL
55. Punctele pelviometrice, palpabile pe viu.
56. Dimensiunile pelvisului.
57. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDIHPXUXOXL
58. Elementele descriptive ale femurului.
59. Elementele femurului, palpabile pe viu.
60. Radiograme ale femurului.
61. Oasele gambei.
62. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDRDVHORUJDPEHL
63. Elementele oaselor gambei, palpabile pe viu.
64. Elementele descriptive ale tibiei.
65. Radiograme ale oaselor gambei.
66. Oasele piciorului.
67. Oasele tarsiene.
68. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDFDOFDQHXOXL
69. Oasele metatarsiene.
70. Elementele scheletului piciorului, palpabile pe viu.
71. %ROĠLOHSLciorului.
72. Oasele craniului cerebral.
73. Elementele oaselor craniului cerebral, palpabile pe viu.
74. Oasele craniului facial.
75. Elementele craniului facial, palpabile pe viu.
76. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLIURQWDO
77. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLHWPRLG
78. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
79. 3RUĠLXQLOH osului occipital.
80. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
81. 3RUĠLXQLOHPD[LOHL
82. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLSDODWLQ
83. 3RUĠLXQLOHPDQGLEXOHL
84. /LQLDOLPLWURIăGLQWUHEROWDúLED]DFUDQLXOXL
85. Localizarea fontanelelor la nou-QăVFXW
86. Fosele (etajele) endobazei craniului.
87. Elementele deVFULSWLYHGLQIRVDDQWHULRDUăDFUDQLXOXL
88. Elementele descriptive din fosa medie a craniului.
89. (OHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHGLQIRVDSRVWHULRDUăDFUDQLXOXL
90. %D]DH[WHUQăDFUDQLXOXL
91. Fosele craniului facial.
92. &RPXQLFăULOHIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
93. 3HUHĠLLRUELWHLúL RDVHOHFDUHvLIRUPHD]ă
94. &RPXQLFăULOHRUELWHL
95. 3HUHĠLLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOHúLRDVHOHFDUHvLIRUPHD]ă
179
177
96. 6LQXVXULOHSDUDQD]DOHFRPXQLFăULOHORU
97. &RPXQLFăULOHFDYLWăĠLLFUDQLXOXL
98. Punctele craniometrice.
II. 'LQIRUPDĠLXQLOHVWXGLDWHvQFDGUXODUWURVLQGHVPRORJLHLVWXGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
1. Exemple de sinfibroze (sindesmoze).
2. Exemple de sincondroze.
3. Exemple de sinostoze.
4. Exemple de hemiartroze.
5. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLXQLD[LDOH
6. $UWLFXODĠLLWURKRLGHJLQJOLP
7. $UWLFXODĠLLWURKOHDUHFLOLQGULFH
8. $UWLFXODĠLLHOLFRLGale (cohleare, în melc).
9. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLELD[LDOH
10. $UWLFXODĠLLFRQGLODUH
11. $UWLFXODĠLLHOLSVRLGDOH
12. $UWLFXODĠLLVHODUHvQúD
13. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLSOXULD[LDOH
14. $UWLFXODĠLLVIHURLGDOH
15. $UWLFXODĠLLFRWLOLFH
16. $UWLFXODĠLLSODQH
17. Exemple de amfiartroze.
18. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLVLPSOH
19. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPSXVH
20. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPSOH[H
21. ([HPSOHGHDUWLFXODĠLLFRPELQDWH
22. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
23. Discurile intervertebrale.
24. Ligamentele coloanei vertebrale.
25. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUFoloanei vertebrale cu craniul.
26. Radiograme ale coloanei vertebrale.
27. Suturile craniului.
28. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă
29. Radiograme ale craniului.
30. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRDVWHORUFXYHUWHEUHOH
31. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRDVWHORUFXVWHUQXO
32. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLilor toracelui.
33. $UWLFXODĠLDVWHUQRFODYLFXODUă
34. $UWLFXODĠLDDFURPLRFODYLFXODUă
35. Ligamentele proprii ale scapulei.
36. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLVFDSXORKXPHUDOH
37. Labrul glenoidal.
38. 7HQGRQXOFDSXOXLOXQJDOELFHSVXOXLúLWHDFDOXLVLQRYLDOă
39. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDVFDSXORKXPHUDOă
40. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLVFDSXORKXPHUDOH
41. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
42. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
43. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
44. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL
45. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
180
178
46. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLLORURDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL
47. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
48. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
49. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPkLQLL
50. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQHúLDOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPkLQLL
51. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSHOYLVXOXL
52. Ligamentele pelvisului.
53. Orificiile sciatice.
54. 2ULILFLXOGHOLPLWDWGHúDQĠXOREWXUDWRUúLPHPEUDQDRPRQLPă
55. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLLORUSHOYLVXOXL
56. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
57. Labrul acetabular.
58. LLJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
59. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
60. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOH
61. 3R]LĠLDDQDWRPLFăDDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
62. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
63. (OHPHQWHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQchiului.
64. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
65. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
66. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUJDPEHL
67. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
68. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
69. )XQFĠLLOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
70. Radiograme ale aUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
71. $UWLFXODĠLDPHGLRWDUVLDQă&KRSDUW
72. Ligamentul - FKHLHDODUWLFXODĠLHLOXLChopart.
73. $UWLFXODĠLLOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQH/LVIUDQF
74. 5DGLRJUDPHDOHRDVHORUúLDUWLFXODĠLLORUSLFLRUXOXL
75. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUHSDOSDbile pe viu.
76. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLX
77. (OHPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLX
III./DPLRORJLHUHVSRQGHQĠLLYRUGHPRQVWUD
1. 'LVSR]LWLYHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORU
2. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLVSDWHOXL
3. MXúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLVSDWHOXL
4. Triunghiul lombar (Petit).
5. 6SDĠLXOSDWUXODWHUXOORPEDU*U\QIHOG-Lesgaft).
6. Fasciile spatelui.
7. (OHPHQWHOHPXVFXODUHGLQUHJLXQHDVSDWHOXLFDUHSRWILVXSXVHLQVSHFĠLHLVDXSDOSDĠLHLSHYLX
8. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXL
9. Diafragma.
10. 3RUĠiunile diafragmei.
11. Fasciile toracelui.
12. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXLH[SORUDELOLSHYLX
13. 0XúFKLLDEGRPHQXOXL
14. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDO
15. /LQLLOHDUFXDWăúLVHPLOXQDUă
16. /LQLDDOEă
181
179
17. ,QWHUVHFĠLXQLOHWHQGLQRDVHDOHPUHFWXVDEGRPLQLV
18. Fasciile abdomenului.
19. Canalul inghinal.
20. 3HUHĠLLúLRULILFLLOHFDQDOXOXLLQJKLQDO
21. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHDOHDEGRPHQXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
22. 0XúFKLLFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH
23. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDXPăUXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
24. 0XúFKLLEUDĠXOXL
25. Capetele bicepsului brahial.
26. Aponeuroza bicepsului brahial.
27. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
28. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
29. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
30. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăIOH[LDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
31. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăH[WHQVLDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
32. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLPkLQLL
33. 0XúFKLLSDOPDULDLPkLQLL
34. 0XúFKLLGRUVDOLDLPkLQLL
35. 3HUHĠLLúLDSHUWXULOHFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUH
36. 2ULILFLLOHWULODWHUúLSDWUXODWHU
37. 7ULXQJKLXULOHSHUHWHOXLDQWHULRUDOFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUH
38. Canalul humeromuscular.
39. ùDQĠXULOHELFLSLWDle.
40. )RVDFXELWDOă
41. Canalul supinator.
42. ùDQĠXULOHGHSHIDĠDDQWHULRDUăDDQWHEUDĠXOXL
43. Spatiul celular Parona (Pirogov).
44. &DQDOXOFDUSDO&DQDOHOHUDGLDOúLXOQDUDOFDUSXOXL
45. $SRQHXUR]DSDOPDUă
46. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHWHQGRDQHORUIOH[RULORUPkLQLLúLGHJHWHORU
47. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHGHSHIDĠDGRUVDOăDJkWXOXLPkLQLL
48. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDD[LOHLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
49. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDEUDĠXOXLYL]LELOHúLSDlpabile pe viu.
50. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDDQWHEUDĠXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
51. 0XúFKLLúLHOHPHQWHOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDPkLQLLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
52. 0XúFKLLLQWHUQLDLED]LQXOXL
53. 0XúFKLLGLQUHJLXQHDIHVLHUă
54. *UXSHOHGHPXúFKLDLFRDpsei.
55. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLFRDSVHL
56. Capetele m. quadriceps femoris.
57. 0XúFKLLPHGLDOLDLFRDSVHL
58. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLFRDSVHL
59. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLJDPEHL
60. 0XúFKLLODWHUDOLDLJDPEHL
61. 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDLJDPEHL
62. 0XúFKLLFDUHHIHFWXHD]ăIOH[LDJDPEei.
63. 0XúFKLLGRUVDOLDLSLFLRUXOXL
65. 0XúFKLLSODQWDULDLSLFLRUXOXL
66. 0XúFKLLFDUHVXVĠLQEROĠLOHSLFLRUXOXL
67. Orificiile supra- úLLQIUDSLULIRUP
182
180
68. /DFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă
69. Triunghiul femural (Scarpa).
70. Inelul femural.
71. 3HUHĠLLúLRULILFLLOHFDQDOXOXLIHmural.
72. )RVDRYDOăKLDWXOVDIHQ
73. Canalul obturator.
74. Canalul adductor (Hunter).
75. Canalul cruropopliteu (Gruber).
76. Fosa poplitee.
77. Canalul cruropopliteu.
78. Canalele musculofibulare.
79. ùDQĠXULOHSODQWDUH
80. )DVFLDODWăDFRDSVHL
81. Tractul iliotibial.
82. Fasciile gambei úLDOHSLFLRUXOXLúLGHULYDWHOHORU
83. Canalul lui Pirogov.
84. $SRQHXUR]DSODQWDUă
85. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDJOH]QHLúLDSLFLRUXOXL
86. Repere musculare la nivelul fesei.
87. 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDLFRDSVHLH[SORUDELOLSHYLX
88. 0XúFKLLSRVteriori ai coapsei, palpabili pe viu.
89. Fosa poplitee pe viu.
90. )RUPDĠLXQLOHPXVFXODUHH[SORUDELOHSHYLXODQLYHOXOJDPEHL
91. (OHPHQWHOHPXVFXODUHúLWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOHJkWXOSLFLRUXOXLúLD
piciorului, palpabile pe viu.
92. GrupelHGHPXúFKLDLJkWXOXL
93. 0XúFKLLvQVHUDĠLSHRVXOKLRLG
94. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLJkWXOXL
95. 0XúFKLLVFDOHQL
96. Triunghiurile gâtului.
97. Triungiul arterei linguale (Pirogov).
98. 0XúFKLLúLIRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXLH[SORUDELOHSHYLX
99. 0XúFKLLPLPLFL DLIHĠHL
100.0XúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
101..Repere musculare din regiunea capului, explorabile pe viu.
&RQWUROXOFXQRúWLQĠHORUWHRUHWLFH
1. $QDWRPLDRPXOXLFDGLVFLSOLQăúLUDPXULOHHL
2. (YROXĠLDLVWRULFăDDQDWRPLHL2ULJLQHDFXQRúWLQĠHORUDQDWRPLFH$QDWRPLDvQDQWLFKitate.
3. Anatomia în evul mediu.
4. 5ROXO5HQDúWHULLvQGH]YROWDUHDDQDWRPLHL/HRQDUGRGD9LQFLúLED]HOHDQDWRPLHLPRGHUQH
5. $QGUHDV 9HVDOLXV úL DQDWRPLD PRGHUQă :LOOLDP +DUYH\ úL GHVFRSHULUHD FLUFXODĠLHL VkQJHOXL
0DUFHOOR0DOSLJKLúLvQFHSXWXULOHDQDWRPLHLmicroscopice.
6. Dezvoltarea anatomiei în secolele XVIII-XX.
7. 0HWRGHOHWUDGLĠLRQDOHúLFRQWHPSRUDQHGHH[SORUDUHXWLOL]DWHvQDQDWRPLDRPXOXL
8. 1RĠLXQL JHQHUDOH GHVSUH VWUXFWXUD FRUSXOXL XPDQ 2UJDQLVPXO úL HOHPHQWHOH OXL FRQVWLWXWLYH –
ĠHVXWXULRUJDQHVLVWHme de organe, aparate.
9. ,QWHJULWDWHDRUJDQLVPXOXL2UJDQLVPXOXPDQúLPHGLXODPELDQW
10. (WDSHOHSULQFLSDOHGHRQWRJHQH]ăDRUJDQLVPXOXLXPDQ&UHúWHUHDúLGH]YROWDUHDOXLvQSHULRDGD
DQWHQDWDOăLQWUDXWHULQă
11. &UHúWHUHDúLGH]YROWDUHDRUJDQLVPXOXLXPDQvQSHULRDGDSRVWQDWDOăH[WUDXWHULQă
183
181
12. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHQRUPăYDULDQWHDOHQRUPHLDQRPDOLLúLLPSRUWDQĠDORUDSOLFDWLYă
13. $VSHFWHSRQGHUDOHGHVWDWXUăúLVXSUDIDĠăDFRUSXOXLRPHQHVF
14. 3URSRUĠLLOHFRUSXOXL1RĠLXQLGHVSUHPRGXO3XQFWHOHDQWURSRPHWULFHSrincipale.
15. 7LSXULOHFRQVWLWXĠLRQDOHLPSRUWDQĠDDSOLFDWLYăDLQIRUPDĠLLORUSULYLQGWLSRORJLD
16. (OHPHQWHOH GH RULHQWDUH DOH FRUSXOXL RPHQHVF XWLOL]DUHD ORU vQ VWXGLXO DQDWRPLHL úL SUDFWLFD
PHGLFDOă
17. Limbajul anatomic.
I. $SDUDWXOGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUHJHQHUDOLWăĠL
1. $SDUDWXOGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUH– FRPSRQHQWHUROIXQFĠLRQDO
2. Osul în calitate de organ. structura osului, periostul.
3. )XQFĠLLOHRDVHORU
4. &ODVLILFDUHDRDVHORUGXSăIRUPăORFDOL]DUHvQFRUSVWUXFWXUăGH]YROWDUH
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DSOLFDWLYă
6. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRDVHORUFUDQLXOXLYDORDUHDORUDSOLFDWLYă
7. 2DVHVHVDPRLGHYRUPLHQHIRQWLFXODUHSDUWLFXODULWăĠLVWUXFWXUDOHORFDOL]DUHLPSRUWDQĠă
aplicatiYă
8. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORU– QRĠLXQLJHQHUDOHFODVLILFDUH
9. Sinartrozele – FDUDFWHULVWLFDJHQHUDOăYDULHWăĠL
10. Diartrozele – FDUDFWHULVWLFăJHQHUDOăHOHPHQWHOHORUSULQFLSDOHúLDX[LOLDUH
11. Diartrozele simple, compuse, complexe, combinate.
12. $UWLFXODĠLLOHXQi-, bi- úLSOXULD[LDOHYDULHWăĠL
13. %LRPHFDQLFDDUWLFXODĠLLORUQRĠLXQLJHQHUDOH
14. )DFWRULLFDUHFRQWULEXLHODPRGHODUHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
15. )DFWRULLFDUHLQIOXHQĠHD]ăJUDGXOGHPRELOLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLLORU
16. 6WUXFWXUDPXúFKLORU0XúFKLXOFDRUJDQ
17. ClasificDUHDPXúFKLORUvQGHSHQGHQĠăGHIRUPăWRSRJUDILHVWUXFWXUăRULJLQHIXQFĠLL
18. 'LVSR]LWLYHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORU
19. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHIDVFLLORU5ROXOIDVFLLORUvQDFWLYLWDWHDPXúFKLORU
20. 1RĠLXQLGHVSUHSkUJKLLúLIXQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORU
21. ÎQFUXFLúDUHDPXúFKLORU/DQĠXULPXVFXODUH
22. $VHPăQăULúLGHRVHELULvQVWUXFWXUDúLDFWLYLWDWHDPXúFKLORUPHPEUHORUVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
23. ,QIOXHQĠDIXQFĠLHLDVXSUDVWUXFWXULLRDVHORUDUWLFXODĠLLORUúLPXúFKLORU
24. (OHPHQWHGHVWDWLFăúLGLQDPLFăDOHFRUSXOXLXPDQUROXODPRUWL]DWRUDOXQRUIRUPDĠLXQL
25. 1RĠLXQLGHVSUHFHQWUXOGHJUDYLWDĠLHDOFRUSXOXL
II. 6LVWHPXORVRVRVWHRORJLHVSHFLDOă

1. Vertebrele – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăJHQHUDOă
2. Vertebrele cervicale – SDUWLFXODULWăĠLVWUXFWXUDOHJHQHUDOHúLLQGLYLduale.
3. Vertebrele toracice – SDUWLFXODULWăĠLVWUXFWXUDOHUHJLRQDOHúLLQGLYLGXDOH
4. Vertebrele lombare – SDUWLFXODULWăĠLVWUXFWXUDOHUHJLRQDOH
5. 6DFUXOúLFRFFLVXO– SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
6. 6WHUQXOúLFRDVWHOH– SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
7. Oasele centurii scapulare – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
8. Humerusul – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
9. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL– SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
10. Oasele mâinii – WRSRJUDILHVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
11. Coxalul – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
12. Femurul – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
184
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13. Oasele gambei – SR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
14. Oasele piciorului – WRSRJUDILHVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL
15. Craniul – FRPSRQHQWH FRPSDUWLPHQWH URO IXQFĠLRQDO $SOLFDELOLWDWHD LQIRUPDĠLLORU GHVSUH
structura craniului.
16. Frontalul – DúH]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDOFRQVLGHUDĠLXQLFOLQLFH
17. Osul sfenoid – VLWXDUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
18. Osul occipital – DPSODVDUHSR]LĠLH DQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
19. Osul parietal – DúH]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
20. Osul etmoid – VLWXDUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO,PSRUWDQĠăFOLQLFă
a celulelor etmoidale.
21. Osul temporal - DPSODVDUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăFRPSDUWLPHQWHUROIXQFĠLRQDO$VSHFWHFOLQLFH
FXSULYLUHODSRUĠLXQLOHWHPSRUDOXOXL
22. Solzul temporalului – IHĠHVWUXFWXUăIXQFĠLL3RUĠLXQHDWLPSDQLFăDWHPSRUDOXOXL– VWUXFWXUă
IXQFĠLL
23. Stânca temporalului – IHĠHPDUJLQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
24. &DQDOHOHúLFDYLWăĠLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO– ORFDOL]DUHFRQĠLQXW
25. Maxila - DúH]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO0RUIRORJLDPD[LOHLVXE
aspect clinic.
26. Osul palatin - VLWXDUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
27. Oasele mici ale craniului facial (vomerul, cornetul nazal inferior, oasele lacrimal, nazal,
]LJRPDWLFúLKLRLGXO– GLVWULEXLUHVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
28. Mandibula - DúH]DUHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSRUĠLXQLVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO
29. 7RSRJUDILDEROĠLLFUDQLXOXLOLQLDOLPLWURIăFDUHRVHSDUăGHED]ă$VSHFWHDQWURSRPHWULFHúL
clinice privind bolta craniului.
30. 7RSRJUDILDH[RED]HLFUDQLXOXLUROXORULILFLLORUúLFDQDOHORUGHSHHD
31. Topografia endobazei craniului, rolul orificiilor úLFDQDOHORUGHSHHD
32. Orbita – SR]LĠLHSHUHĠLFRPXQLFăULúLUROXOORU
33. &DYLWDWHDQD]DOă– SR]LĠLHSHUHĠLFRPSDUWLPHQWHFRPXQLFăUL,PSRUWDQĠDFOLQLFăD
LQIRUPDĠLLORUGHVSUHPRUIRORJLDFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH
34. Palatul dur – SR]LĠLHVWUXFWXUă
35. Fosele temporDOăLQIUDWHPSRUDOăSWHULJRSDODWLQă– SR]LĠLHSHUHĠLFRPXQLFăULúLUROXOORU
III. /HJăWXULOHGLQWUHRDVHDUWURVLQGHVPRORJLHVSHFLDOă

1. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUFUDQLXOXL– VWUXFWXUăPXúFKLLFDUHOHLQIOXHQĠHD]ăPLúFăUL
2. $UWLFXODĠLLOHYHUWHEUHORU– structurăPXúFKLLFDUHOHLQIOXHQĠHD]ăPLúFăUL
3. &RORDQDYHUWHEUDOăvQDQVDPEOXPLúFăULOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
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5. 7RUDFHOHvQDQVDPEOXH[FXUVLXQLOHOXLúLPXúFKii care le produc.
6. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH– VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
7. $UWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL– VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
8. $UWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL– VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
9. Unirile oaselor aQWHEUDĠXOXL- VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
10. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRFDUSLDQă- VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
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12. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU– VWUXFWXUăPLúFăUL
13. Bazinul în ansamblu – SHUHĠLFRPSDUWLPHQWHDSHUWXULRULILFLL
14. 'LPHQVLXQLOHED]LQXOXLIHPLQLQLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
15. $UWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOă– VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
16. $UWLFXODĠLDJHQXQFKLXOXL- VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURduc.
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17. Unirile oselor gambei – VWUXFWXUă
18. $UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOă- VWUXFWXUăPLúFăULPXúFKLLFDUHOHSURGXF
19. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUSLFLRUXOXL- VWUXFWXUăPXúFKLLFDUHOHLQIOXHQĠHD]ăPLúFăUL
20. 3LFLRUXOvQDQVDPEOX%ROĠLOHSLFLRUXOXLDVSHFWHFOLQLFH
21. VaORDUHDFOLQLFăDLQIRUPDĠLLORUSULYLQGPRUIRORJLDDUWLFXODĠLLORU
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2. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLVSDWHOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
3. 0XúFKLL úLIDVFLLOHWRUDFHOXL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
4. Diafragma – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL 5HJLXQL YXOQHUDELOH DOH GLDIUDJPHL LPSRUWDQĠă
DSOLFDWLYă
5. 0XúFKLLúLIDVFLLOHDEGRPHQXOXL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
6. LiniDDOEăúLWHDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDO– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHDVSHFWHFOLQLFH
7. /RFXULOHVODEHGLQSHUHWHOHDQWHULRUDODEGRPHQXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăFOLQLFă
8. Canalul inghinal – SHUHĠLRULILFLLFRQĠLQXWVHPQLILFDĠLHDSOLFDWLYă
9. $FĠLXQHD GH WRWDOLWDWH D PXúFKLORU DEGRPLQDOL LQIOXHQĠă DVXSUD FRORDQHL YHUWHEUDOH SUHVD
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10. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLJkWXOXLúLPXúFKLLLQVHUDĠLSHRVXOKLRLG– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
11. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LDLJkWXOXL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
12. Fasciile gâtului – VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILH6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHDOHJkWXOXLLPSRUWDQĠDORUFOLQLFă
13. 7RSRJUDILDJkWXOXLUHJLXQLWULXQJKLXULVSDĠLL
14. 0XúFKLLFDSXOXL– FODVLILFDUH0XúFKLLPLPLFL– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
15. 0XúFKLL PDVWLFDWRUL – VWUXFWXUă WRSRJUDILH IXQFĠLL %LRPHFDQLFD DUWLFXODĠLHL
temporomandibulare.
16. Fasciile capului – VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILH6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHDOHFDSXOXL
17. 0XúFKLLFHQWXULLVFDSXODUH– VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
18. 0XúFKLLEUDĠXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
19. MuúFKLLDQWHEUDĠXOXLJUXSXODQWHULRU- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
20. 0XúFKLLDQWHEUDĠXOXLJUXSXOSRVWHULRU- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
21. 0XúFKLLPkLQLL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
22. Fasciile membrului superior - VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
23. ToSRJUDILDUHJLXQLLD[LODUHIRVDFDYLWDWHDSHUHĠLLRULILFLLOHFRQĠLQXWXO
24. 7RSRJUDILDEUDĠXOXLúLDUHJLXQLLFXELWDOH
25. 7RSRJUDILDDQWHEUDĠXOXLúLDPkLQLL
26. Canalele osteofibroase ale mâinii.
27. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHWHQGRDQHORUPXúFKLORUPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
28. 0XúFKLLLQWHUQLDLED]LQXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
29. 0XúFKLLH[WHUQLDLED]LQXOXL- VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
30. 0XúFKLLFRDSVHL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
31. 0XúFKLLJDPEHL– FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
32. 0XúFhii piciorului – FODVLILFDUHVWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHIXQFĠLL
33. (OHPHQWHOHDFWLYHúLSDVLYHFXUROGHIRUWLILFDUHDEROĠLORUSLFLRUXOXL
34. Fasciile membrului inferior - VWUXFWXUăWRSRJUDILHGHULYDWH
35. &DQDOHOHRVWHRILEURDVHúLWHFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPHPEUXOXLinferior.
36. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDSHOYLVXOXL– orificiile supra- úLLQIUDSLULIRUPFDQDOXO
REWXUDWRUODFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă– SHUHĠLúLFRQĠLQXW
37. 7RSRJUDILDFRDSVHLúLDIRVHLSRSOLWHH
38. 7RSRJUDILDJDPEHLúLDSLFLRUXOXL
39. Dinamica coORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHúLDFRDVWHORU
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40. Dinamica capului.
41. 'LQDPLFDFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHúLDEUDĠXOXL
42. 'LQDPLFDDQWHEUDĠXOXLúLDPkLQLL
43. Dinamica membrului inferior.
44. Mersul – VSHFLILFXOúLRUJDQL]DUHDPHUVXOXLSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHOXLGHYkUVWă
45. Aplicabilitatea infRUPDĠLLORUSULYLQGVWUXFWXUDWRSRJUDILDúLIXQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORU
9'H]YROWDUHDúLDQRPDOLLOHGHGH]YROWDUHDRUJDQHORUDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUH
1. 1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUúLDQRPDOLLOHORU
2. /HJLWăĠLOHGH]YROWăULLVLVWHPXOXLRVRVúLDOHSURFHVHORUGHRVLILFDUH
3. 'H]YROWDUHDYHUWHEUHORU9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDYHUWHEUHORU
4. 'H]YROWDUHDFRDVWHORUúLDVWHUQXOXL9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDFRDVWHORUúLD
sternului.
5. Dezvoltarea oaselor membrului superior. VariaQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORU
membrului superior.
6. 'H]YROWDUHDRDVHORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORU
membrului inferior.
7. Dezvoltarea oaselor craniului cerebral.
8. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUFUDQLXlui cerebral.
9. Dezvoltarea oaselor craniului facial.
10. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDRDVHORUFUDQLXOXLIDFLDO
11. 'H]YROWDUHDOHJăWXULORUGLQWUHRDVHYDULDQWHúLDQRPDOLL
12. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUQRĠLXQLJHQHUDOH
13. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUWUXQFKLXOXL
14. Dezvoltarea diafragmei, anomalii.
15. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUPHPEUHORUVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
16. 'H]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUFDSXOXL
17. 9DULDQWHúLDQRPDOLLGHGH]YROWDUHDPXúFKLORUWUXQFKLXOXLFDSXOXLúLPHPEUHORU
9,3DUWLFXODULWăĠLLQGLYLGXDOHGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOH RUJDQHORUDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúL
PLúFDUH
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2. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[vQVWUXFWXUDRDVHORU
3. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăale coloanei vertebrale.
4. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[DOHSHOYLVXOXL
5. Craniul nou-QăVFXWXOXLúLWUDQVIRUPăULOHOXLSRVWQDWDOH
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12. Valoarea informDĠLLORUGHVSUHSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHLQGLYLGXDOHGHYkUVWăúLGHVH[SHQWUXSUDFWLFD
PHGLFDOă
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1. ğLQXWDWLSXULOHHLIDFWRULLFDUHRGHWHUPLQăúLFDUDFWHULVWLFDORU
2. Habitusul.
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4. 3DOSDUHDSHYLXDFRDVWHORUVWHUQXOXLúLDVSDĠLLORULQWHUFRVWDOH6WDELOLUHDORFDOL]ăULLFRDVWHORU
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6. &RORDQDYHUWHEUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
7. 7RUDFHOHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
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9. Craniul în imagine radiolRJLFă
10. 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLLQGLYLGXDOHGHIRUPăúLGLPHQVLXQLDOHFUDQLXOXLFDUHSRWILGHSLVWDWHSHYLX
11. 5HSHUHRVRDVHDOHJkWXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
12. )RUPDĠLXQLOHRVRDVHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUSDOSDELOHSHYLXUHSHUHRVRDVHDOHPHPEUXOXL
superior), imSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
13. 2DVHOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
14. 5HJLXQLOHGHSDOSDUHSHYLXDOHXQRUIRUPDĠLXQLDOHVFKHOHWXOXLPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUUHSHUH
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15. 5HSHUHRVRDVHDOHSHOYLVXOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
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18. ([SORUDUHDSHYLXDDUWLFXODĠLLORU1RĠLXQLJHQHUDOHGHVSUHSXQFĠLLDUWLFXODUHDUWURVFRSLH
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19. ArticulDĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
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21. $UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
22. $UWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
23. $UWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXLúLDUWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
24. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRFDUSLDQăúLDUWLFXODĠLLOHPkLQLLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
25. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSHOYLVXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
26. $UWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
27. $UWLFXODĠLDJHQXQFKLXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
28. $UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOăvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
29. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSLFLRUXOXLvQLPDJLQHUDGLRORJLFă
30. Repere musculare ale membrului superior.
31. Repere musculare ale membrului inferior.
32. Repere musculare ale toracelui.
33. /LQLLOHFRQYHQĠLRQDOHGHRULHQWDUHSHSHUHĠLLWRUDFHOXLLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
34. 5HSHUHPXVFXODUHúLRVRDVHDOHSHUHWHOXLDQWHURODWHUDODODEGRPHQXOXL
35. 3URLHFĠLDúLH[SORUDUHDSHYLXD]RQHORUVODEHGLQSHUHWHOHDEGRPLQDOLPSRUWDQĠăDSOLFDWLYă
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1. Anatomia omului.
2. $QDWRPLHVLVWHPLFăGHVFULSWLYă
3. $QDWRPLHIXQFĠLRQDOă
4. $QDWRPLHWRSRJUDILFăUHJLRQDOă
5. $QDWRPLHDUWLVWLFăSODVWLFă
6. $QDWRPLHFRPSDUDWăFRPSDUDWLYă
7. $QDWRPLHPDFURVFRSLFă
8. AnatomLHPLFURVFRSLFă
9. $QDWRPLHPDFURPLFURVFRSLFă
188
186
10. $QDWRPLHFOLQLFă
11. Anatomie pe viu.
12. $QDWRPLHDGH]YROWăULL
13. Anatomie a vârstelor (ilikianatomie).
14. 1RPHQFODWXUăDQDWRPLFă
15. 3R]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăSULQFLSDOă
16. )LORJHQH]ă
17. 2QWRJHQH]ă
18. Sclerotom.
19. Miotom.
20. Anomalie de dezvoOWDUHPDOIRUPDĠLH
21. Osteon.
22. Osteologie.
23. 2VWHRJHQH]ă
24. Centri de osificare.
25. Oase primare.
26. Oase secundare.
27. Periost, endost.
28. Pericondru.
29. Antropometrie.
30. Craniometrie.
31. Puncte craniometrice.
32. Indice cranian longitudinal.
33. Indice cranian vertical.
34. Indice facial.
35. Pelvimetrie.
36. $[ăFRQGXFWRDUHDED]LQXOXL
37. Artrologie.
38. Sindesmologie.
39. Sinfibroze.
40. Sincondroze.
41. Sinostoze.
42. Sinsarcoze.
43. Amfiartroze.
44. $UWLFXODĠLLVLPSOH
45. $UWLFXODĠLLFRPSXVH
46. $UWLFXODĠLLFRPSOH[H
47. $UWLFXODĠLLFRPELQDWH
48. Complex solidar al mâinii.
49. Complex solidar al piciorului.
50. Miologie.
51. 0XúFKLDQWDJRQLúWL
52. 0XúFKLVLQHUJLúWL
53. 6HFĠLXQHWUDQVYHUVDOăDQDWRPLFăúLIL]LRORJLFăDPXúFKLORU
54. Schelet moale.
55. Nod fascial.
56. &HQWUXGHJUDYLWDĠLHDFRUSXOXLXPDQ
,;(QXPHUDUHGHIRUPDĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUHúLPLúFDUe.
1. 3RUĠLXQLOHXQXLRVWXEXODUOXQJ
189
187
2. 3RUĠLXQLOHXQXLRVPHWDFDUSLDQPHWDWDUVLDQ
3. Segmentele coloanei vertebrale.
4. 3ăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHXQHLYHUWHEUH
5. 3ăUĠLOHFRPSRQHQWHDOHVWHUQXOXL
6. 3ăUĠLOHXQHLFRDVWH
7. Oasele craniului cerebral.
8. Oasele craniului facial.
9. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLIURQWDO
10. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLRFFLSLWDO
11. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
12. 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
13. 3RUĠLXQLOHPD[LOHL
14. 2DVHOHFDUHFRQVWLWXLHSHUHĠLLRUELWHL
15. 2DVHOHFDUHFRQVWLWXLHSHUHĠLLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH
16. )HĠHOHFRUSXOXLPD[LOHL
17. Apofizele maxilei.
18. )HĠHOHVWkQFLLWHPSRUDOXOXL
19. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUă
20. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH
21. 2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOHGLQIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă
22. &RPXQLFăULOHRUELWHL
23. &RPXQLFăULOHFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH
24. ComuniFăULOHIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
25. 2DVHOHFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHúLDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUOLEHU
26. 2DVHOHFHQWXULLSHOYLHQHúLDOHPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRUOLEHU
27. 7LSXULOHGHOHJăWXULGLQFDGUXOFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
28. Tipuri de diartroze uniaxiale.
29. Tipuri de diartroze pluriaxiale.
30. Diartrozele complexe.
31. Diartrozele combinate.
32. Diartrozele sferoidale.
33. Diartrozele elipsoidale.
34. Diartrozele cilindrice.
35. Diartrozele trohleare.
36. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFXOLJDPHQWHLQWUDDUWLFXODUH
37. 9DULDQWHOHGHIRUPăDPXúFKLORU
38. (OHPHQWHOHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKilor.
39. 0XúFKLLFDUHIOH[HD]ăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
40. 0XúFKLLFDUHUHGUHVHD]ăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
41. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODLQVSLUDĠLH
42. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODLQVSLUDĠLDIRUĠDWă
43. 0XúFKLLSDUWLFLSDQĠLODH[VSLUDĠLDIRUĠDWă
44. 0XúFKLLFDUHIRUPHD]ăSUHVDDEGRPLnala.
45. Regiunile slabe din peretele anterior al abdomenului.
46. 0XúFKLLFXRULJLQHVDXLQVHUĠLHSHVFDSXOă
47. 0XúFKLLIOH[RULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
48. 0XúFKLLH[WHQVRULDLDQWHEUDĠXOXL
49. 7HQGRDQHOHGHSHIDĠDYHQWUDOăDFDUSXOXL
50. Tecile sinoviale din regiunea carpului.
51. FRUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
190
188
52. 0XúFKLLIOH[RULDLFRDSVHL
53. 0XúFKLLH[WHQVRULDLFRDSVHL
54. 0XúFKLLIRUWLILFDWRULDLEROĠLORUSLFLRUXOXL
55. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGLQUHJLXQHDFRDSVHL
56. )RUPDĠLXQLOHWRSRJUDILFHGHSHJDPEăúLSLFLRU
57. Tecile siQRYLDOHGHSHJDPEăúLSLFLRU
58. 0XúFKLLOHJDĠLGHRVXOKLRLG
59. 0XúFKLLFDUHPLúFăPDQGLEXOD
60. Fasciile trunchiului.
61. Fasciile membrului superior.
62. Fasciile membrului inferior.
63. Fasciile capului.
64. Fasciile gâtului.
65. 6SDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDFDSXOXL
66. SpDĠLLOHLQWHUIDVFLDOHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXL
68. 6SDĠLLOHLQWHUPXVFXODUHGLQUHJLXQHDJkWXOXL
5HSUH]HQWDUHJUDILFăDFODVLILFăULLúLVWUXFWXULLXQRUIRUPDĠLXQLDOHDSDUDWXOXLGHVXVĠLQHUH
úLPLúFDUH
1. Clasificarea oaselor.
2. Schema osteonului.
3. 3RUĠLXQLOHRDVHORUWXEXODUHOXQJL
4. Elementele principale ale unei diartroze.
5. Elementele auxiliare ale diartrozelor.
6. &ODVLILFDUHDOHJăWXULORUGLQWUHRDVH
7. Clasificarea sinartrozelor.
8. Clasificarea diartrozelor.
9. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORU
10. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHct al abdomenului.
12. Fasciile gâtului.
13. 2ULILFLLOHWULODWHUúLSDWUXODWHU
14. 6WUXFWXUDWHFLORURVWHRILEURDVHúLVLQRYLDOHvQVHFĠLXQHWUDQVYHUVDOă
15. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPkLQLLIDĠDSDOPDUă
16. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHDOHPkLQLLIDĠDGRUVDOă
17. LaFXQHOHPXVFXODUăúLYDVFXODUă
191
189
Anexa II
TESTE PENTRU INSTRUIRE ù,$872&21752/ LA OSTEOLOGIE
*HQHUDOLWăĠL6FKHOHWXOWUXQFKLXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWH$UJXPHQWDĠLDOHJHUHDSHFDUHD-ĠLSUHIHUDW-o.
1 /DVLVWHPXORVRVVHUHIHUăQRĠiunile:
A. Miotom.
B. Osteon.
C. Periost.
'0ăGXYăURúLH
E. Ectoderm.
2 )XQFĠLLOHELRORJLFHDOHRVXOXLFDRUJDQ
$'HFUHúWHUH
%+HPDWRSRHWLFă
&'HORFRPRĠLH
D. Regenerare
('HSURWHFĠLH
3 PorĠiunile unui os tubular lung la adult :
A. Metafiza
B. Apofiza
C. Diafiza
D. Corticala
E. Epifiza
4 Deosebim următoarele tipuri de centre de osificare:
A. Tuberculare
B. Secundare
C. Epicondilare
D. Primare
E. Auxiliare
5 ğesutul osos spongios este prezent în:
A. Oasele craniului
B. Oasele tarsiene
C. Stern
D. Diafizele oaselor tubulare
E. Epifizele oaselor tubulare
6 ,QVWUXFWXUDRVXOXLODPDWXULSRWILHYLGHQWLDĠLRVWHRQL
A.În dezvoltare
%)UDJPHQWDĠL
&0DWXUL]DĠL
''HIRUPDĠL
E.În stare de resorbĠie
7 )RUPDĠLXQLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRVXOXLVXQW
A. Stratul cambial
B. Stratul de osteoni
C. Pericondrul
D.Endostul
E.Periostul
192
190
8 In periost la copil deosebim următoarele straturi:
A. Cambial
B. Endostal
C. Adventiceal
D. Endocondral
E. Fibroelastic
9 2VWHRQXOUHSUH]LQWă
A. Lamele osoase în jurul diafizei
B. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului nutritiv
C. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului medular osos
D. Lamele osoase în jurul canalului Havers
E. Lamele osoase în jurul metafizei
10 DispoziĠia trabeculelor osoase corespunde cu:
A. Axa osului
%'LUHFĠLa fibrelor musculare
&'LUHFĠLDliniilor de presiune
D. A[HOHGHPLúFDUHvQDUWLFXODĠLL
('LUHFĠLDliniilor GHWUDFĠLXQH
11 'LVWLQJHPWLSXULOHGHRVWHRJHQH]ă
$(QFRQGUDOă
%3HULFRQGUDOă
&3HULRVWDOă
'0HGXODUă
E. DesPDOă
12 &UHúWHUHDRVXOui în grosime are loc pe contul:
A. Cartilajului hialin
B. Cartilajului fibros
C. Periostului
D. Metafizei
E. Fasciei
13 ÌQFRPSRQHQĠDVFKHOHWXOui D[LDOLQWUă
A. Craniul.
B. Oasele centurii scapulare.
C. Oasele toracelui.
D. Pelvisul.
E. Coloana vertebrală
14 Oasele tubulare lungi:
$6XQWFRQVWLWXLWHGLQFRUSúLHSLIL]H
%3DUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDFDYLWăĠLORUFRUSXOXL
&&RQĠLQFDYLWăĠLWDSHWDWHFXPXFRDVă.
'$XIHĠHDUWLFXODUHWDSHWDWHFXFDUWLODM
()XQFĠLRQDOUHSUH]LQWăSkUJKLL
15 Oase primare sunt:
A. Vertebrele.
B. Parietalul.
C. Mandibula.
D. Frontalul.
E. Sternul.
193
191
16 Diploe UHSUH]LQWă
$6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDHSLIL]HORU
%6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDRDVHORUFDUSLHQH
&6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDRDVHORUFUDQLXOXL
'6XEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDVWHUQXOXL
E. SuEVWDQĠDVSRQJLRDVăDYHUWHEUHORU
17 Elemente principale ale unei vertebre sunt:
A. Arcul.
%$SRIL]DVWLORLGă
C. Corpul.
D. Orificiul intervertebral.
E. Pedunculii.
18 Vertebrele cervicale tipice se disting prin:
A. Corpul oval.
B. Orificiul vertebral rotund.
&3UH]HQĠDRULILFLLORUWUDQVYHUVDOH
D. Apofizele costotransversale.
E. Apofizele spinoase lungi.
19 /DFDUHGLQYHUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOHOLSVHúWHDSRIL]DVSLQRDVă"
A. C 3
B. C 2
C. C 6
D. C 1
E. C 7
20 Apofizele spinoase sunt bifurcate la vertebrele:
A.C 1
B. C 2
C. C 3
D. C 5
E. C 7
21 Atlasului i se descriu:
A. Masele laterale.
%$UFXULOHDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
&ùDQĠXULOHDUWHUHLYHUWHEUDOH
')HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXSHULRDUHúLLQIHULRDUH
($SRIL]DVSLQRDVă
22 Epistrofeului i se disting:
$$SRIL]DRGRQWRLGă
%ùDQĠXULOHDUWHUHLYHUWHEUDOH
&)HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDQWHULRDUăúLSRVWHULRDUă
D. ASRIL]DVSLQRDVăELIXUFDWă
E. Tuberculul anterior.
23 3HFRUSXOFăUHLYHUWHEUHWRUDFice VHDIOăQXPDLRMXPăWDWHGHIRVHWăDUWLFXODUă"
A. Th 1
B. Th 12
C. T 11
D. Th 10
E. Th 8
194
192
24 Fosetele costale lipsesc pe apofizele transversale ale vertebrelor:
A. Th 1
B. Th 5
C. Th 11
D. Th 10
E. Th 12
25 )RUPDĠLXQLFDUDFWHULVWLFHQXPDLSHQWUXYHUWHEUHOHWRUDFLFH
A. Apofizele spinoase
B. Apofizele articulare
C. Fosele costale pe corp
D. Orificii pe apofizele transversale
E. Fosete pe apofizele transversale
26 Orificiile intervertebrale sunt delimitate de:
A. Apofizele articulare
B. Pediculii vertebrali
C. Apofizele transversale
D. Încizura vHUWHEUDOăVXSHULRDUă
E. Arcul vertebrei
27 3HFRUSXOFăURUYHUWebre deosebim fosete articulare:
A. C 3
B. Th 7
C. L 3
D. C 7
E. L 5
28 Promontoriul este format de FăWUH
A.Ultima vertebră cervicală úi Th1
B.Ultima vertebră toracicăúi L1
C.Ultima verteEUăORPEDUăúi S1
'8OWLPDYHUWHEUăVDFUDOă úi C1
E.Vertebrele Th6 si Th7
29 &DUHGLQYHUWHEUHDUHRGHQXPLUHVSHFLDOă"
A. Th 5
B. C 1
C. L 4
D. C 7
E. C 2
30 La formarea canalului vertebral iau parte:
A. Apofizele articulare
B. Apofizele transversale
C. Arcul vertebral
D. Corpul vertebral
E. Pedunculii vertebrali
31 $QRPDOLLOHUHJLXQLORUGHIURQWLHUăDVHJPHQWHORUFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
A. Sacralizarea
B. Blocarea vertebrelor
C. Asomia
D. Platispondilia
E Lombalizarea
195
193
32 Curburile coloanei vertebrale situate în plan sagital sunt:
$/RUGR]DFHUYLFDOă
%6FROLR]DWRUDFDOă
&&LIR]DWRUDFDOă
'/RUGR]DORPEDUă
(6FROLR]DFHUYLFDOă
33 Care este rolul funFĠional al curburilor coloanei vertebrale?
A.De amortizare
B.De consolidare a vertebrelor
C.De sprijin
D.De fixare a membrelor
('HSURWHFĠLH
34 Care din curburile coloanei vertebrale apare la vârsta de 2-3 luni a dezvoltării
postnatale?
$/RUGR]DFHUYLFDOă
%6FROLR]DWRUDFDOă
&/RUGR]DORPEDUă
'&LIR]DVDFUDOă
(&LIR]DWRUDFDOă
35 Coastele adevarate:
A.Coasta a 7-a
B.Coasta a 8-a
C.Coasta a 5-a
D.Coasta a 6-a
E.Coasta a 9-a
36 Coastele false:
A.Coasta a X-a
B.Coasta a 6-a
C.Coasta a 8-a
D.Coasta a 11-a
E.Coasta a 9-a
37 3HFDSXOFăURUFRDVWHOLSVHúWHFUHDVWD"
A. Coastei VII
B. Coastei X
C. Coastei I
D. Coastei XI
E. Coastei XII
38 Coasta I:
$(VWHDWLSLFă
%(FHDPDLVFXUWăPDLODWăúLPDLFXUEDWă
&(DSODWL]DWăvQVHQVVXSHURLQIHULRU
'3HIDĠDLQIHULRDUăDUHXQWXEHUFXOúLúDQĠXUL
E. Extremitatea ei anterioDUăHPDLODWăúLPDLJURDVăGHFâWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
39 FDĠDDUWLFXODUăSHQWUXDSRIL]DWUDQVYHUVDOăOLSVHúWHOD
A. Coasta I
B. Coasta XI
C. Coasta X
D. Coasta XII
E. Coasta II
196
194
40 Nu pot fi palpate pe viu coastele:
A. 11-a
B. 9-a
C. 2-a
D. 1-a
E. 12-a
41 Manubriul sternal:
A. Se DIOăODQLYHOXOYHUWHEUHORUWRUDFLFH,,úL,,,
B. Pe marginHDOXLVXSHULRDUăVHDIOăRIDĠă DUWLFXODUă
C. ÌQXQJKLXULOHVXSHURODWHUDOHDOHVDOHVHORFDOL]HD]ăLQFL]XULFODYLFXODUH
D. 3HPDUJLQLOHOXLODWHUDOHVHDIOăFâWHIHĠHDUWLFXODUHFRVWDOH
E. Marginea LQIHULRDUăVHXQHúWHFXFRUSXOVWHUQDOIRUPând unghiul sternal Louis.
42 Corpul sternal:
A. (VWHSRUĠLXQHDFHDPDLOXQJăDVWHUQXOXL
B. 6HORFDOL]HD]ăODQLYHOXOYHUWHEUHORU7K- Th8, ½ Th9.
C. Este format prin fuziunea celor 4 sternebre
D. Pe marginea lui lateralăVHDIOăIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHSHQWUXFRDVWHOH,,–VII.
E. )RUPHD]ăFXDSRIL]D[LIRLGăXQJKLXOVXEFRVWDO
43 2DVHOHFHGHOLPLWHD]ăDSHUWXUDWRUDFLFă superLRDUăVXQW
A. Clavicula
B. Coasta I
C. Corpul sternului
D. Manubriul sternului
(,YHUWHEUăWRUDFLFă
44 )RUPDĠLXQLOHFHGHOLPLWHD]ăDSHUWXUDWRUDFLFă LQIHULRDUă sunt:
A. Coasta VI
B. Apendicele xifoid al sternului
C. Arcul costal
'&RDVWHOH9,,,úL;
E. Corpul vertebrei ThX
45 Forma si dimensiunile toracelui depind de:

A. Forma sternului
B. VâUVWă
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRYHUWHEUDOH
D. Sex
E. Tipul FRQVWLWXĠLRQDO
46 La care indivizi toracele este plat?
A.La sportivi
B. La brahimorfi
C.La persoanele senile
D. La mezomorfi
E. La dolicomorfi
197
195
,,$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
QRWDĠLúLDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
47.Oase tubulare A. $XUROGHSURWHFĠLH
48.Oase spongioase B. Sunt unele din oasele craniului.
49.Oase plate C. 6XQWRDVHOHFDUSLHQHúLWDUVLHQH
50.Oase mixte D. 3DUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDFDYLWăĠLORUFRUSXOXL
51.Oase aerofore E. &RQVWDXGLQSăUĠLFHGLIHUăGXSăIRUPăúLVWUXFWXUă
F. 5HDOL]HD]ăIXQFĠLLGHSkUJKLL
52. Oasele tubulare lungi $6XQWPLFLSODWHúLLQFRQVWDQWH

53.Oasele plate B. SuntGHUHJXOăOHQWLIRUPHORFDOL]DWHvQYHFLQăWDWHD
54.Oasele suturare DUWLFXODĠLLORUVDXvQWHQGRDQHOHXQRUPXúFKL
55. Oasele spongioase scurte C. Au cele 3 dimensiuni aproape egale, forma lor se
56.Oasele sesamoide DSURSLHGHFHDFXELFă
'ÌQGHSOLQHVFUROXOGHSkUJKLLGHYLWH]ă
(6XQWWXUWLWHFXIHĠHúLQXPăUYDULDELOGHPDUJLQLúL
unghiuri.
)HĠHOHDUWLFXODUH $6XQWGHWHUPLQDWHGHWUDFĠLXQHDH[HUFLWDWăGHPXúFKL
3URHPLQHQĠHOHRVRDVH %6HUYHVFSHQWUXLQVHUĠLLWHQGLQRDVHVDXOLJDPHQWH
)RVHOHúLúDQĠXULOH SHQWUXWUHFHUHDWHQGRDQHORUYDVHORUúLQHUYLORU
2ULILFLLOHúLFDQDOHOH C. Servesc pentru trecerea vaselor sangvine.
'6XQWPRGHODWHvQUDSRUWFXVXSUDIDĠDDUWLFXODUăFX
FDUHFRQWDFWHD]ă
61. Vertebrele toracice A. Au un orificiul în apofizele transversale.

62. Vertebrele cervicale B. Sunt rudimentare.
63. Vertebrele lombare C. Sunt concrescute, formând un singur os.
64. Vertebrele sacrale D. Au pe corp fosete costale.
65. Vertebrele coccigiene ($XFRUSXOPDVLYvQIRUPăGHERE
66. Vertebrele cervicale $6XQWPLFLDXIRUPăURWXQMLWă
67. Vertebrele toracice B. Au proces mamilar.
68. Vertebrele lombare &ÌQDGROHVFHQĠăIRUPHD]ăXQVLQJXURV
69. Vertebrele sacrale D. Au apofizele spinoase bifurcate.
70. Vertebrele coccigiene E. Au apofizele transversale lungi, situate în plan
cvazifrontal.
71. Atlasul $)HĠHOHORUDUWLFXODUHVXQWVLWXDWHvQSODQVDJLWDO
72. Axisul B. Are tuberculul carotid.
9HUWHEUDFHUYLFDOă9, C. Are fose coVWDOHVXSHULRDUHúLVHPLIRVHFRVWDOH
9HUWHEUDWRUDFLFă, inferioare.
75. Vertebrele lombare ')HĠHOHOXLDUWLFXODUHVXSHULRDUHVXQWORFDOL]DWHSH
corp.
E. Nu are corp.
76. Coasta I
77. Coasta V $$UHRVLQJXUăIDĠHWăDUWLFXODUăSHFap.
78. Coasta X B. Nu are tubercul costal.
79. Coasta II &(VWHFHDPDLvQFOLQDWăLQIHULRU
80. Coasta XII '3HFDSDUHIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
(&DUWLODMXOHLDUHRSR]LĠLHXúRUGHVFHQGHQWă
198
196
&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOă A. Are apertura suSHULRDUăúLLQIHULRDUă
82. Sternul %$UHRED]ăúLXQYkUI
&XWLDWRUDFLFă &$XSRUĠLXQLOHRVRDVăúLFDUWLODJLQRDVă
84. Sacrul '&RQVWăGLQPDQXEULXFRUSDSRIL]ă[LIRLGă
85. Coastele (3RVHGăORUGR]HúLFLIR]H
,,,'HWHUPLQDĠLGLQFDUHJUXSGHRDVHIDFSDUWH
86. Clavicula
87. Scapula A. Oasele tubulare
88. Osul navicular B. Oasele plate
89. Osul temporal C. Oasele spongioase
90. Maxila D. Oasele mixte
91. Coastele E. Oasele pneumatice
92. Rotula F. Oasele sesamoide
93. Osul piziform H. Oasele monoepifizare
94. Sternul
95.Oasele metacarpiene
96.Astragalul
97.Fibula
Scheletul membrului superior
98. Oasele centurii scapulare:
A. Humerusul
B. Clavicula
C.Sternul
D. Omoplatul
(,FRDVWă
99 &XSULYLUHODFODYLFXOă
A. Este unicul os lung din organism situat orizontal.
B. 3HWRDWăOXQJLPHDVDHVWHVLWXDWVXEFXWDQDW
C. Este primul os în care începe osificarea.
D. ([WUHPLWDWHDDFURPLDOăVHRVLILFăHQGHVPDO
E. (VWHXQLFXORVOXQJFDUHVHRVLILFăHQGHVPDO
100 )RUPDĠLXQLOHXQJKLXOXLODWHUDODORPRSODWXOXL
A. Spina scapulei
B. Tuberculul subarticular
&$SRIL]DFRUDFRLGă
')RVDVXSUDVSLQRDVă
E. Colul scapulei
101 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHSDOSDELOHSHYLX
$([WUHPLWDWHDVWHUQDOăDFODYLFXOHL
B. Tuberculul supraglenoidal
&([WUHPLWDWHDDFURPLDOăDFODYLFXOHL
D. Acromionul
E. Corpul claviculei
199
197
102 Scheletul membrului superior liber:
A. Epicondilul lateral al humerusului este mai proeminent decât cel medial.
B. Capul radiusului are forma unui disc.
&8OQDHVWHPDLOXQJăGHFkWUDGLXVXO
'6XELQFL]XUDUDGLDOăDXOQHLVHORFDOL]HD]ăIRVDVXSLQDWRULHGHOLPLWDWăSRVWHULRUGH
FUHDVWDRPRQLPă
()DĠDDQWHULRDUăDDSRIL]HLFRURQRLGHHVWHQHWHGă
103 Humerusul:
$&ROXODQDWRPLFVHSDUăFDSXOKXPHUXVXOXLGHWXEHUFXOHOHPDUHúLPLF
B. Colul chirurgical se aflăvQSRUĠLXQHDPHGLHDFRUSXOXLKXPHUXVXOXL
&3UR[LPDOGHWURKOHDKXPHUXVXOXLVHDIOăIRVHFRURQRLGăúLROHFUDQLDQă
D. Epicondilul medial se extinde de la capitul, iar cel lateral de la trohlee.
(ÌQIUDFWXULOHGHKXPHUXVH[LVWăSHULFROXOWUDXPDWL]ăULLQHUYLORUUDGLDOúLXOQDU
104 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLSUR[LPDOHDKXPHUXVXOXL
A. Tuberculul mare
B. Creasta tuberculului mic
&ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDO
D. Colul anatomic
E. Capitulul condilului humeral
105 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHDKXPHUXVXOXL
A. Colul anatomic
%)RVDFRURQRLGă
&ùDQĠXOLQWHUWXEHUFXODU
'ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLXOQDU
(ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDO
106 Elementele humerusului ce pot fi palpate pe viu:
A. Colul anatomic
B. Epicondilul medial
&)RVDFRURQRLGă
D. Epicondilul lateral
E. Colul chirurgical
107 &XSULYLUHODRDVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXL
A. )DĠDODWHUDOăDUDGLXVXOXLHVWHFRQWLQXDWăGLVWDOGHDSRIL]DVWLORLGă
B. 0DUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăDUDGLXVXOXLVHHYLGHQĠLD]ăPDLELQHvQSDUWHDGLVWDOăDDFHVWXLD
C. ([WUHPLWDWHDSUR[LPDOăD ulnei are 2 apofize úLLQFL]XUL
D. 0DUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăD XOQHLHVLWXDWăVXEFXWDQ
E. 2ULILFLXOQXWULWLYDOXOQHLVHDIOăSHSDUWHDSUR[LPDOăDIHĠHLHLDQWHULRDUH
108 (OHPHQWHOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
$$SRIL]DFRURQRLGăDXOQHL
B. Olecranonul
C. ApRIL]DVWLORLGăDXOQHL
'$SRIL]DVWLORLGăDUDGLXVXOXL
(0DUJLQHDLQWHURVRDVăDUDGLXVXOXL
109 Oasele mâinii:
A. Osul scafoid este cel mai mare os din rândul proximal al carpului.
%2VXOSL]LIRUPVHDIOăvQPDVDWHQGRQXOXLPXúFKLXOXLIOH[RUUDGLDODOcarpului.
C. Primul os metacarpian este cel mai scurt din toate oasele metacarpiene.
')LHFăUHLIDODQJHLVHGLVWLQJSRUĠLXQLED]DFRUSXOúLFDSXO
()DODQJHOHSROLFHOXLVXQWPDLJURDVHúLPDLOXQJLGHFkWFHOHDOHDOWRUGHJHWH
200
198
110 Oasele carpiene:
A. Cele din rândul proximal (în sens latero- PHGLDOVHVLWXHD]ăvQRUGLQHDVFDIRLGXO
lunatul , piramidalul, piziformul.
B. 7RDWHRDVHOHFDUSLHQHDXFkWHIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
C. 5kQGXOSUR[LPDOIRUPHD]ăRVWUXFWXUăFRQYH[ăSUR[LPDOúLFRQFDYăGLVWDO
D. Rândul GLVWDODUHRIDĠăFRQYH[ăSUR[LPDOúLXQDUHFWLOLQLHGLVWDO
(3HRDVHOHFDUSLHQHH[LVWăSXQFWHSURHPLQHQWHGHLQVHUĠLHúLGHRULJLQHSHVFDIRLGSH
RVXOSL]LIRUPSHWUDSH]úLSHRVXOFXFkUOLJ
111 La oasele metacarpiene distingem:

A. Epicondilii
B. Baza
C. Corpul
D. Colul
E. Capul
112. Scapula $ùDQĠXOLQWHUtubercular.

113. Clavicula %$SRIL]DVWLORLGă
114. Humerusul &$SRIL]DFRUDFRLGă
115. Radiusul D. Tuberculul conoid.
116. Ulna E. Capul, colul.
117. Scapula $/LQLDWUDSH]RLGă
118. Clavicula %,QFL]XUDWURKOHDUă
119. Humerusul C. Acromionul.
120. Radiusul 'ùDQĠXOQHUYXOXLXlnar.
121. Ulna (,QFL]XUDXOQDUă
Scheletul membrului inferior
122 Osul coxal:
A. ,OLRQXOVHDIOăVXSHULRUSXELVXODQWHURLQIHULRULVFKLRQXO- posteroinferior.
B. Tuberculul SXELDQúLVSLQDLOLDFăDQWHULRDUăVXSHULRDUăVHDIOăvQSODQIURQWDO
C. Orificiul obturator este delimitat anterosuperior de osul pubian, posteroinferior - de
ischion.
D. 'LQWUHFHOHOLQLLJOXWHDOHFHDSRVWHULRDUăHVWHFHDPDLOXQJă
E. Punctul cel mai superior GHSHFUHDVWDLOLRQXOXLVHDIOăODQLYHOXOGLVFXOXLLQWHUYHUWHEUDO
GLQWUHYHUWHEUHOHORPEDUHúL
123 &R[DOXOHVWHDOFăWXLWGLQ
A. Pubis
B. Orificiul obturator
C. Ilion
D. Creasta ilionului
E. Ischion
201
199
124 )RUPDĠLXQLOHFR[DOXOXLSDOSDELOHSHYLXVunt:
$&UHDVWDLOLDFă
B. Acetabulul
C. Spinul iliac superior anterior
D. Tuberul ischionului
E. Spinul ischionului
125 Bazinul în ansamblu:
$$SHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDED]LQXOXLPLFHVWHvQFOLQDWăDQWHURLQIHULRU
%8QJKLXOvQFOLQăULLIDĠăGHSODQXORUL]RQWDOODIHPHLHHVWHPDLPLFGHFkWODEăUEDW
&ÌQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVSLQHOHLOLDFHDQWHULRDUHúLWXEHUHOHsciatice se DIOă în DFHODúLSODQIURQWDO
'$SHUWXUDSHOYLDQăLQIHULRDUăODIHPHLHHVWHPDLODUJăFDODEăUEDW
(&RQMXJDWDDGHYăUDWăUHSUH]LQWăGLVWDQĠDGLQWUHSURPRQWRULXúLSXQFWXOFHOPDLSURHPLQHQW
în sens posterior al simfizei pubiene.
126 Scheletul membrului inferior liber:
$7URKDQWHUXOPLFHVWHORFDOL]DWvQXQJKLXOIRUPDWGHFROXOúLFRUSXOIHPXUXOXL
B. Corpul femurului este incurbat în sens anterior.
&)HPXUXOSRDWHILSDOSDWQXPDLvQSRUĠLXQHDVDGLVWDOă
D. Apexul patelar este îndreptat superior.
(5RWXODDUHIXQFĠLHGHVXSRUW
127 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHDIHPXUXOXL
A.Colul femurului
%)DĠDSRSOLWHH
C. Tuberozitatea glutee
D. Condilul medial
E. Epicondilul lateral
128 )RUPDĠLXQLOHIHPXUXOXLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
A. Capul femurului
B. Epicondilul medial
C. Trohanterul mic
D. Trohanterul mare
E. Epicondilul lateral
129 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLSUR[LPDOHDWLELHL
A. EPLQHQĠDLQWHUFRQGLODUă
%)DĠDDUWLFXODUăILEXODUă
C. Tuberculul intercondilar medial
'0DOHRODPHGLDOă
E. Tuberculul intercondilar lateral
130 )RUPDĠLXQLOHHSLIL]HLGLVWDOHD tibiei:
$/LQLDPXúFKLXOXLVROHDU
%ùDQĠul maleolar
&0DOHRODPHGLDOă
D. MDOHRODODWHUDOă
E. IncizXUDILEXODUă
131 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRDVHORUJDPEHLFHSRWILSDOSDWHSHYLX
$(PLQHQĠDLQWHUFRQGLODUă
%0DOHRODODWHUDOă
&0DOHRODPHGLDOă
D. Tuberozitatea tibiei
E. Capul fibulei
202
200
132 Scheletul piciorului este subdivizat în:
A. Oasele carpului
B. Oasele tarsului
C. Oasele metacarpului
D. Oasele metatarsului
E. Oasele degetelor piciorului
133 Oasele rândului distal al tarsului:

A. Astragalul
B. Cuboidul
C. Cuneiformul medial
D. Navicularul
E. Cuneiformul lateral
134 Oasele ce constituie complexul solidar al piciorului:

A. Calcaneul
B. Navicularul
C. Astragalul
D. Oasele cuneiforme
E. Osul cuboid
135 %ROĠLOHSLFLRUXOXL
A. ([LVWăODRPúLXQHOHYHUWHEUDWHVXSHULRDUH
B. &RQYH[LWDWHDEROĠLLWUDQVYHUVDOHODPDUJLQHDPHGLDOăDSODQWHLHVWHPDLSURQXQĠDWă
C. Degetele nu au rol de sprijin.
D. %ROĠLOHSLFLRUXOXLVXQWVXVĠLQXWHGHIRUPDRDVHORUOLJDPHQWHPXúFKLDSRQHuroze.
E. &HOPDLOXQJúLPDLvQDOWDUFORQJLWXGLQDOHVWHDOWUHLOHD
136 Structurile de amortizare ale membrului inferior :
A. Meniscurile
B. Lichidul sinovial
C. Oasele gambei
D. Rotula
E. Bolta piciorului
137 Care din oasele membrului inferior sunt sesamoide?
A. Astragalul
B. Rotula
C. Cuboidul
D. Cuneiformul medial
E. Navicularul
Craniul
138 Oase ale craniului cerebral sunt:

A. Sfenoidul
B. Occipitalul
C. Vomerul
D. Palatinul
E. Etmoidul
203
201
139 Baza craniului se împarte în:
$%D]DDQWHULRDUă
%%D]DSRVWHULRDUă
&%D]DH[WHUQă
'%D]DODWHUDOă
(%D]DLQWHUQă
140 Oase ale craniului facial sunt:
A. Mandibula
B. Etmoidul
C. Osul zigomatic
D. Frontalul
E. Osul nazal
141 Oase impare ale craniului sunt:
A. Maxila
B. Mandibula
C. Sfenoidul
D. Vomerul
E. Palatinul
142 Din oasele pneumatice fac parte:
A. Coxalul
B. Frontalul
C. Humerusul
D. Sfenoidul
E. Maxila
143 2ULILFLLOHED]HLH[WHUQHDFUDQLXOXLFHVHIRUPHD]ă la uQLUHDDGRXăVDXPDLPXOWHRDVH
A. Stiloid
B. Lacerat
C. Mastoidian
D. Orificiul extern al canalului carotid
E. Jugular
144 %ROWDFUDQLXOXLHVWHIRUPDWăGH
A. Solzul osului frontal
%3DUWHDED]LODUăDRFFLSLWDOXOXL
C. Solzul temporalului
D. Oasele parietale
E. Corpul sfenoidului
145 Elementele structurale ale osului frontal:
A. $SRIL]D]LJRPDWLFă
B. ,QFL]XUDVXSUDRUELWDUă
C. /LQLDWHPSRUDOă
D. Creasta de coFRú
E. Arcurile superciliare.
146 PorĠLXQLOHRVXOXLRFFLSLWDO
$3DUWHDED]LODUă
B. Partea temporDOă
&3DUWHDODWHUDOă
D. Partea sfenoidală
E. Solzul occipital
204
202
147 Osul occipital ia parte la formarea orificiilor:
A. Rotund
B. Occipital mare
C. Jugular
D. Oval
E. Lacerat
148 ,QGLFDĠLXQGHVHGHVFKLGHVLQXVXOIURQWDO"
A. ÌQRUELWă
B. În meatul nazal mediu.
C. În meatul nazal inferior.
D. În meatul nazal superior.
E. ÌQIRVDWHPSRUDOă
149 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLVIHQRLG
A. Baza.
B. Corpul.
C. Aripa mare.
D. $ULSDPLFă
E. Apofizele pterigoide.
150 Canalele osului sfenoid:
A. Musculo-tubar
B. Optic
C. Carotid
D. Pterigoid
E. Infraorbitar
151 )HĠHOHDULSLORUPDULDRVXOXLVIHQRLG
A. CHUHEUDOă
B. THPSRUDOă
C. ZLJRPDWLFă
D. Orbitară
E. IQIUDWHPSRUDOă
152 La formarea căror orificii ia parte osul sfenoid:
A. Jugular
B. Occipital
C. Lacerat
D. Infraorbitar
E. Mastoidian
153 StrXFWXULOHFHQXVHUHIHUăODFRUSXOVIHQRLGXOXL
A. )RVDKLSRIL]DUă
B. Sinusul sfenoid.
C. ùDQĠXOSWHULJRSDODWLQ
D. Apofizele clinoide anterioare.
E. ùDQĠXOFDURWLG
154 $SRIL]DSWHULJRLGăQXFRQĠLQH
A. ùDQĠXOSWHULJRSDODWLQ
B. )RVDSWHULJRLGă
C. Rostrul sfenoidal.
D. Inci]XUDSWHULJRLGă
E. Cârligul pterigoid.
205
203
155 3ăUĠLOHRsului etmoid:
$/DPDODWHUDOă
B. Labirintul etmoid
&/DPDPHGLDOă
'/DPDFULEURDVă
(/DPDSHUSHQGLFXODUă
156 3RUĠLXQLOHRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
A. Piramida
B. Corpul
&3DUWHDPDVWRLGLDQă
D. Partea scuaPRDVă
(3DUWHDWLPSDQLFă
157 7RDWHDILUPDĠLLOHUHIHULWRDUHODSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOXOXLVXQWFRUHFWHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. 3HPXFKLDVXSHULRDUăWUHFHúDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURVVXSHULRU
B. 3HIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăVHDIOăIRVDMXJXODUă
C. ,PSUHVLXQHDWULJHPLQDOăVHDIOăvQDSropierea vîrfului pâramidei.
D. ÌQIRVDMXJXODUăVHDIOăRULILFLXOH[WHUQDOFDQDOXOXLFDURWLG
E. /DWHUDOGHIRVDMXJXODUăSURHPLQăDSRIL]DVWLORLGă
158 ÌQSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOXOXLVHDIOăFDQDOHOHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. Canalului carotid.
B. Canalului nervului facial;
C. Canaliculului timpanic;
D. Canalului nervului hipoglos;
E. Canalului nervului pietros mare.
159 7RDWHDILUPDĠLLOHSULYLQGRVXOWHPSRUDOVXQWFRUHFWHFXH[FHSĠLD
A. 3HIXQGXOPHDWXOXLDFXVWLFLQWHUQH[LVWăRULILFLLSHQWUXQHUYXOIDFLDOQHUYXO
vestibulocohlear, vasele sangvine.
B. 3HIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDSLUDPLGHLVHDIOăDSHUWXUDH[WHUQăDFDQDOLFXOXOXLFRKOHDU
C. 0HGLDOGHLQFL]XUDPDVWRLGLDQăVHDIOăúDQĠXODUWHUHLRFFLSLWDOH
D. 3HúWHUDPDVWRLGLDQăFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDWLPSDQLFă
E. )LVXUDWLPSDQRVFYDPRDVăVHvPSDUWHvQILVXULSHWURVFYDPRDVăúLSHWURWLPSDQLFă
160 Cu privire la craniul facial:

A. Osul hioid este situat la nivelul vertebrei cervicale III.
B. 3HYkUIXOFRDUQHORURVXOXLKLRLGVHDIOăWXEHUFXOL
C. 3RUĠLXQHDSRVWHULRDUăDSHUHWHOXLQD]DOVXSHULRU e IRUPDWăGHODPHODFULEURDVăDRVXOXL
etmoid.
D. /DIRUPDUHDPDUJLQLORUVHSWXOXLQD]DOFRQWULEXLHVSLQDQD]DOăDIURQWDOXOXLURVWUXO
VIHQRLGDOFUHVWHOHQD]DOHDOHRDVHORUQD]DOHSDODWLQHúLPD[LODUH
E. 3RUĠLXQHDVXSHULRDUăDVHSWXOXLQD]DOHVWHGDWăGHYRPHU
161 &XSULYLUHODFDYLWăĠLOHFUDQLXOXLIDFLDO:
A. 3HUHĠLLPHGLDOLDLRUELWHORUVXQWSDUDOHOLLDUFHLODWHUDOLVHDIOăVXEXQXQJKL drept unul
IDĠăGHDOWXO
B. &DQDOXORSWLFVHDIOăODQLYHOXOXQirii peretelui superior al orbitei cu cel medial.
C. 6LQXVXOIURQWDOvQXQHOHFD]XULVHH[WLQGHvQSDUWHDDQWHURPHGLDOăDSHUHWHOXLVXSHULRUDO
orbitei.
D. 3HUHWHOHRUELWDULQIHULRUVHSDUăRUELWDGHVLQXVXOPD[LODU
E. Peretele orbitar PHGLDOHVWHFHOPDLJURVúLPDLUH]LVWHQWGLQWUH WRĠL SHUHĠLLRrbitari.
206
204
162 Cu privire la corpul maxilei:
A. $UHIHĠH
B. )DĠDLQIUDWHPSRUDOăSDUWLFLSăODIRUPDUHDIRVHORULQIUDWHPSRUDOăúLSWHULJRSDODWLQă
C. 3HIDĠDQD]DOăHVLWXDWúDQĠXOSDODWLQPDUH
D. $QWHULRUGHKLDWXOPD[LODUWUHFHúDQĠXOODFULPDO
E. 3DUWLFLSăla formareDRUELWHLFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOHúLFDYLWăĠLLEXFDOH
163 &XSULYLUHODPDQGLEXOă
A. 0DUJLQHDDQWHULRDUăDUDPXUHLPDQGLEXODUHHVWHPDLVXEĠLUHGHFkWPDUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUă
B. )RVDVXEPDQGLEXODUăHVWHVLWXDWăVXEOLQLDPLORKLRLGLDQă, iar fosa VXEOLQJYDOă - deasupra ei.
C. (VWHFHOPDLPDVLYúLPDLWUDLQLFRVDO craniului facial.
D. 3HIDĠDLQWHUQăDUDPXUHLPDQGLEXOHLWUHFHOLQLDREOLFă
E. Mandibula este al doilea os din organismul uman, în care începe procesul de osificare.
164 &XSULYLUHODPRGLILFăULOHGHYkUVWăDOHPDQdibulei:
$$PEHOHMXPăWăĠLDOH PDQGLEXOHLIX]LRQHD]ăSHSDUFXUVXOSULPXOXLDQGHYLDĠă
B. La nou-QăVFXWRULILFLXOPHQWDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQDSURSLHUHDmarginii inferioare a mandibulei.
C. La nou-QăVFXWXQJKLXOGLQWUHFRUSúLUDPXUăHVWHREWX]- cca 1400 úi mai mult.
'/DEăWUkQvQăOĠLPHDFRUSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLFUHúWH
(/DDGXOWRULILFLXOPHQWDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăODPLMORFXOGLVWDQĠHLGLQWUHPDUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăúL
FHDLQIHULRDUăDPDQGLEXOHL
165 )RUPDĠLXQLOHRVXOXLSDODWLQ
A. Lamela orbitară
B. Lamela orizoQWDOă
&/DPHODHWPRLGDOă
'/DPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUă
(/DPHODVIHQRLGDOă
166 Peretele medial al orbitei este format de:
$)DĠDRUELWDrăDDULSLORUPDUL
B. Osul lacrimal
C. Aripele mici
D. Lamela orbitarăDRVXOXLHWPRLG
($SRIL]DIURQWDOăDPD[LOHL
167 Peretele inferior al orbitei este format de:
$)DĠDRUELWDrăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
%$SRIL]DIURQWDOăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
C. Fata orbitarăDPD[LOHL
'$SRIL]D]LJRPDWLFăDRVXOXLIURQWDO
E. Apofiza orbitarăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
168 Peretele lateral al orbitei este format de :
A. LDPHODODWHUDOăDDSRIL]HLSWHULJRLGH
B. ASRIL]D]LJRPDWLFăDRVXOXLIURQWDO
C. FeĠele orbitare ale aripilor mari a osului sfenoid
D. ASRIL]DIURQWDOăDPD[LOHL
E. ASRIL]DIURQWDOăDRVXOXL]LJRPDWLF
169 Orbita comunică cu endobaza craniului prin:
A. Canalul optic
B. Orificiul rotund
C. Fisura orbitarăVXSHULRDUă
D. Fisura orbitarăLQIHULRDUă
E. Orificiile etmoidale
207
205
170 Fisura orbitaUăLQIHULRDUăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A. Apofiza orbitarăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
B. Osul frontal
C. FDĠDRUELWDrăDPD[LOHL
D. Lamela orbitarăDRVXOXLHWPRLG
E. FDĠDRUELWDrăDDULSLORUPDULDle osului sfenoid
171 2UELWDFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDQD]DOăSULQ
A. Orificiul etmoid anterior
B. Canalul palatin mare
C. Canalul nazolacrimal
D. Orificiul etmoid posterior
E. Canalul optic
172 /DIRUPDUHDSHUHWHOXLQD]DOODWHUDOSDUWLFLSă
A. Osul lacrimal.
B. Maxila.
C. Labirintul etmoid.
D. Oasele nazale.
E. Osul palatin.
173 Septul osos al nasului este constituit de:

A. Spina nasalis a osului frontal
%$SRIL]DIURQWDOăDPD[LOHL
C. LaPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUăDRVXOXLHWPRLG
'/DPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
E. Vomer
174 Cu privire la craniul în ansamblu:

A.%D]DFUDQLXOXLHVWHPDLIUDJLOăGHFkWFDOYDULD
B. /DPHODLQWHUQăDRDVHORUFDOYDULHLHVWHPDLUH]LVWHQWăGHFkWFHDexWHUQă
C. FosDFUDQLDQăPHGLHFRQĠLQHORELLWHPSRUDOLDLHPLVIHUHORUFHUHEUDOH
'2ULILFLXOMXJXODUVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQSDUWHDSRVWHULRDUăDILVXULLSHWURRFFLSLWDOH
(2ULILFLXOVSLQRVOHDJăIRVDFUDQLDQăPHGLHFXIRVDLQIUDWHPSRUDOă
175 &XSULYLUHODIRVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUă:
A. /DPHODFLXUXLWăDRVXOXLHWPRLGVHSDUăIRVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUăGHFDYLWDWHDQD]DOă
B. ÌQIRVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUăVHDIOăRULILFLXORUEúLRULILFLLOHFDQDOHORUHWPRLGDOHDQWHULRUúL
posterior.
C. 0DUJLQLOHPHGLDOHDOHSRUĠLXQLORURUELWDUHDOHRVXOXL froQWDODFRSHUălabirintele etmoidale.
D. /DIRUPDUHDIRVHLFUDQLHQHDQWHULRDUHSDUWLFLSăRDVH
E. &DQDOHOHHWPRLGDOHVHIRUPHD]ăODMRQFĠLXQHDPDUJLQLLODWHUDOHDODPHLFULEURDVHFXRVXO
frontal.
176 &XSULYLUHODIRVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH:
A. ÌQSDUWHDFHQWUDOăD HLVHDIOăFDQDOXORSWLFúDQĠXOFKLDVPDWLFúLúDXDWXUFHDVFă
B. ÌQSDUWHDDQWHULRDUăDúHLLWXUFHúWLVHDIOăWXEHUFXOXOvQFHDSRVWHULRDUă- speteaua, iar în
mijloc - IRVDKLSRIL]LDOă
C. $QWHULRUVHDIOăvQUDSRUWFXRUELWHOHODWHUDOFXIRVDWHPSRUDOăLQIHrior cu fosa
SWHULJRSDODWLQă
D. 3RVWHURPHGLDOGHRULILFLXORYDOVHDIOăRULILFLXOUXSW
E. &RPXQLFăFXRUELWDIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQăúLH[RED]DFUDQLDQă
208
206
177 &XSULYLUHODIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă
A. (VWHFHDPDLODUJăúLSURIXQGăGLQFHOHIRVHFUDQLHQH
B. LaterDOHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGHSDUWHDPDVWRLGLDQăDWHPSRUDOXOXLúLXQJKLXOPDVWRLGLDQDO
parietalului .
C. &OLYXVXOHVWHVHSDUDWGHSLUDPLGDWHPSRUDOăSULQILVXUDSHWURVIHQRLGDOă
D. 2ULILFLXOPDVWRLGLDQVHGHVFKLGHvQSRUĠLXQHDVXSHULRDUăDúDQĠXOXLVLQXVXOXLWUDQVYHUV.
E. 3RUĠLXQHDDQWHULRDUăDPDUHLJăXULRFFLSLWDOHHVWHPDLvQJXVWăGHFkWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
178 ,QIRVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUăVHGHVFKLGRULILFLLOH
A. Jugular
B. Oval
C. Acustic intern
D. Hipoglos
E. Sfenopalatin
179 )RVDLQIUDWHPSRUDOăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A$SRIL]DSWHULJRLGăDVIHQRLGXOXL
B. Osul palatin
C. Osul temporal
D. Osul zigomatic
E. Ramurile mandibulei
180 In care canal se FRQWLQXăIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQă"
A. Infraorbitar
B. Palatin mare.
C. Palatin mic.
D. Supraorbitar.
E. Sfenopalatin.
181 Orbita cRPXQLFăFXIRVDSWHULJRSDODWLQăSULQ
A. Orificiul rotund.
B. Orificiul palatin mare.
C. Fisura orbitaUăLQIHULRDUă
D. Fisura orbitaUăVXSHULRDUă
E. Canalul pterigoid .
182 Fosa infratePSRUDOăFRPXQLFăFXRUELWDSULQ
A. Fisura orbitarăVXSHULRDUă
B. Fisura orbitarăLQIHULRDUă
C. Canalul optic.
')LVXUDSWHULJRPD[LODUă
()LVXUDSHWURVFYDPRDVă
183 ,QGLFDĠLFHLSHUHĠLDLIRVHLSWHULJRSDODWLQH
A. Anterior - tuberculul maxilei
B. Lateral - DSRIL]DSWHULJRLGă
C. Posterior- baza apofizei pterigoide
D. Medial - ODPHODSHUSHQGLFXODUăDRVXOXLSDODWLQ
E. Superior - arcul zigomatic
184 Ce constituie fontanelele?
$3RUĠLXQLFDUWLODJLQRDVHDOHFDOYDULHL
%3RUĠLXQLPHPEUDQRDVHDOHFDOYDULHL
C. Suturile calvariei.
''HUHJOăULDle osteogenezei.
E. Fisuri ale calvariei.
209
207
185&XSULYLUHODSDUWLFXODULWăĠLOHGHVH[DOHFUDQLXOXL:
0DQGLEXODHVWHUXJRDVăúLFRPSDFWă
3URWXEHUDQĠDPHQWDOăHELQHHYLGHQĠLDWă
3. Unghiul mandibulei e înclinat spre interior. A. La craniul feminin
$ULDQXFDOăHVODESURQXQĠDWă B. La craniul masculin
5. ArcurilHVXSHUFLOLDUHúLJODEHODVXQWELQHSURQXQĠDWH
$SRIL]DPDVWRLGLDQăHVODESURQXQĠDWă
186. Cu privire la meaturile acustice:
6HORFDOL]HD]ăvQSDUWHDWLPSDQLFăDRVXOXLWHPSRUDO
2. Se deschide pe IDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDSLUDPLGHLWHPSRUDOH A. Meatul extern
&RQĠLQHYDVHVDQJYLQHúLQHUYL B. Meatul intern
6HUYHúWHSHQWUXWUDQVPLWHUHDXQGHORUVRQRUH
6HDIOăODWHUDOGHFDYLWDWHDWLPSDQLFă
187. Cu privire la tipul de osificare a oaselor craniene:
1 Frontalul
2 Parietalul A. 2VLILFDUHGHVPDOă
3 Etmoidul B. 2VLILFDUHFRQGUDOă
4 Cornetul nazal inferior C. Prin ambele tipuri.
5 Occipitalul
6 Osul lacrimal
7 Sfenoidul
8 Maxila
9 Osul nazal
10 Temporalul
11 Osul palatin
12 Mandibula
13 Osul zigomatic
188. &XSULYLUHODúDQĠXULOHVLQXVXULORUSDKLPHQLQJHOXL
7UHFHSULQVRO]XORVXOXLIURQWDOPDUJLQHDVDJLWDOăD
SDULHWDOXOXLúLVRO]XORFFLSLWDOXOXL A. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVDJLWDO
6HWHUPLQăODQLYHOXORULILFLXOXLMXJXODU superior
7UHFHRUL]RQWDOSHIDĠDLQWHUQăDVRO]ului osului occipital. B. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVLJPRLGLDQ
4. Este rectiliniu. C. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURV
6HWHUPLQăvQVHFWRUXOVXSHULRUDOúDQĠXOXLVLJPRLGLDQ superior
6HORFDOL]HD]ăSHRDVHSDULHWDOWHPSRUDOúLRFFLSLWDO D. ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLWUDQVYHUV
6HDIOăSHPDUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăDSiramidei osului temporal.
II$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFăQRWDĠLúL
DUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOHFRUHFWH
189.Osul frontal. A. Aripi mici.
190.Osul temporal. B. )RVHWăWURKOHDUă
191.Osul occipital. C. /DPăSHUSHQGLFXODUă
192.Osul sfenoid. D. Linii nucale.
193.Osul etmoid. E. Canal carotidian.
194. Osul etmoid. A. Tubercul faringian.
195. Osul sfenoid. B. Piramida.
196. Osul temporal. C. Unghi sfenoid.
197. Osul occipital. '/DPHOăRUELWDUă
198. Osul parietal. E. Canal optic.
210
208
199. Corpul osului sfenoid. $/DPăFULEURDVă
200. Solzul occipitalului. B. Canal carotidian.
201. Osul temporal. CùDQĠDOVLQXVXOXLVDJLWDO superior.
202. Osul parietal. '$SRIL]ăFOLQRLGăSRVWHULRDUă
203. Osul etmoid. (/LQLHQXFDOăLQIHULRDUă
204. Osul palatin. A. Aripi.
205. Vomerul. B. Tubercul marginal.
206. Maxila. &/LQJXOă
207. Mandibula. '/DPăSHUSHQGLFXODUă
208. Osul zigomatic. (ùDQĠODFULPDO
209. Fosete granulare. A. Osul temporal.
210ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLVLJPRLG B. Osul occipital.
2113DUWHDWLPSDQLFă C. Osul sfenoid.
212. Orificiul oval. D. Osul frontal.
213,QFL]XUDHWPRLGDOă E. Osul parietal.
214. Canalul pterigoid. A. Osul parietal.
215. Canalul optic. B. Osul temporal.
216ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWURVLQIHULRU C. Osul frontal.
217. Unghiul frontal. D. Osul sfenoid.
218. Canalul hipoglos. E. Osul occipital.
219)LVXUDSHWURWLPSDQLFă A. Nervul facial.
220. Orificiul stilomastoidian. B. Orificiul inferior al
221. Canaliculul mastiodian. canaliculului timpanic.
222)RVHWăSLHWURDVă &1HUYLLFUDQLHQL9,,úL9,,,
223. Meatul acustic intern. '&RDUGDWLPSDQLFă
E. Ramura auULFXODUăDQHUYXOXL vag.
224. Maxila. A. Corp, 2 ramuri.
225. Mandibula. %$UHDSRIL]HWHPSRUDOăúLIURQWDOă
226. Vomerul. &$UHDSRIL]HODFULPDOăPD[LODUă
227. Osul zigomatic. HWPRLGă
228. Cornetul nazal inferior. D. 2 aripi.
E. ASRIL]HOHIURQWDOăDOYHRODUă
LQIUDWHPSRUDOăSDODWLQă
229)RVDFUDQLDQăDQWHULRDUă A. Orificiul lacerat.
230)RVDFUDQLDQăPHGLH B. Orificiul orb.
231)RVDFUDQLDQăSRVWHULRDUă C. Fisura pteULJRPD[LODUă
232)RVDLQIUDWHPSRUDOă D. Orificiul sfenopalatin.
233)RVDSUHULJRSDODWLQă E. Orificiul acustic intern.
234. Meatul nazal superior. A. Orificiul incisiv.
235. Meatul nazal mediu. B. Apertura sinusului etmoid.
236. Meatul nazal inferior. C. Infundibulul etmoidal.
237'HSUHVLXQHDVIHQRHWPRLGDOă D. Celulele posterioare ale osului etmoid.
238. Palatul dur. E. Canalul nazolacrimal.
239. Peretele superior al orbitei $)RUPDWGHRDVHVIHQRLG]LJRPDWLFúL
240. Peretele inferior al orbitei frontal.
241. Peretele lateral al orbitei B. Fosa sacului lacrimal.
242. Peretele medial al orbitei &ùDQĠXOLQIUDRUELWDU
243. Vârful orbitei D. Canalul optic
()RVDWURKOHDUă
211
209
244)LVXUDGLQWUHSHUHWHOHODWHUDOúLFHOLQIHULRUDO A. Canalul inciziv.
orbitei. %$SHUWXUDSLULIRUPă
245. Canalul de la baza apofizei pterigoidiene. &3HúWHUDPDVWRLGLDQă
246. Orificiul delimitat de incizurile nazale. ')LVXUDRUELWDUăLQIHULRDUă.
247)RUPDĠLXQHDGHODFDSăWXODQWHULRUDOVXWXULL E. Toate false.
palatine mediane.
248. Cavitatea osului temporal.
249&DQDOLFXOXOFHvQFHSHGLQIRVDMXJXODUă A. Canaliculul mastoidian.

250&DQDOLFXOXOFHvQFHSHGHODIRVHWDSLHWURDVă B. Canalul musculotubar.
2512ULILFLLOHSRVWHULRDUHDOHFDYLWăĠLLQD]DOH C. Canaliculul coardei timpanice.
252&DQDOLFXOXOFDUHSRUQHúWHGLQFDQDOXO D. Canaliculul timpanic.
nervului facial. E. Coane.
253. Canalul de pe muchiDDQWHULRDUăD
piramidei temporale.
254. Canalul format de 3 oase: sfenoid, maxilar A. Orificiul lacerat.
úLSDODWLQ B. Canalul nervului hipoglos.
255. Orificiul localizat anterior de vârful C. Orificiul rotund.
piramidei temporale, posterior de apofiza D. Orificiul jugular.
SWHULJRLGLDQă E. Canalul pterigopalatin.
256. Canalul de la baza condilului occipital.
2572ULILFLXOGHSHIDĠDPD[LODUăDDULSHLPDULD
sfenoidului.
258. Orificiul format cu participarea oaselor
WHPSRUDOúLRFFLSLWDO
259%XODHWPRLGLDQă A. Meatul nazal inferior.
260. Canalul nazolacrimal. B. Peretele medial al orbitei.
261. Orificiile etmoidiene. C. Baza apofizei zigomatice.
262)RVDPDQGLEXODUă D. Piramida osului temporal.
263ùDQĠXOVLQXVXOXLSLHWUos superior. E. Meatul nazal mediu.
264&DQDOXOLPSRUWDQWSHQWUXIXQFĠLRQDUHD A. Canaliculul mastoidian.
organului auzului. B. Canalul incisiv.
265. Canalul ce se deschide în cavitatea C. Canalul musculotubar.
craniului, lateral de corpul sfenoidului. D. Canaliculul timpanic.
266. Canaliculul ce se deschide în fisura E. Canalul carotid.
timpano-PDVWRLGLDQă
267&DQDOXOGLQWUHFDYLWDWHDQD]DOăúLEXFDOă
268. Canaliculul ce trece prin cavitatea
WLPSDQLFăDSRLSHQHWUHD]ăVHSWXOFDQDOXOXL
musculotubar.
III'HWHUPLQDĠLODFDUHFRPSDUWLPHQWHDOHVFKHOHWXOXLVHUHIHUăHSRQLPHOH
269. Orizontala Frankfurt
270. Unghiul Camper $&XWLDWRUDFLFă
271. Linia lui Schoemacker B. Craniu
272. Tuberculul Chassaignac C. Bazin
273. Tuberculul Lisfranc '&RORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
274. Linia Lange
275. Unghiul Louis
210 212
TESTE PENTRU INSTRUIRE ù,$872&21752/ LA ARTROSINDESMOLOGIE
*HQHUDOLWăĠL
I. 6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
1. Unirile oaselor prin membrane se numesc:
A. Sincondroze
B. Sinelastoze
C. Sinsarcoze
D. Sinfibroze
E. Sinostoze
2. Suturile fac parte din:
A. Sinsarcoze
B. Sinelastoze
C. Sincondroze
D. Sinfibroze
C. Sinostoze
3. *RPIR]HOHĠLQGH :
A. Ligamente
B. Sincondroze
C. Sinfibroze
D. Sinelastoze
E. Membrane
4. Caracteristica sinartrozelor :
$'XSăGXUDWDH[LVWHQĠHLVLQRVWR]HOHVHvPSDUWvQWHPSRUDUHúLSHUPDQHQWH
B. Membranele se deosebesc de ligamente prLQPăULPHDVSDĠLXOXLRFXSDW
&$UWLFXODĠLLOHRDVHORUvQGH]YROWDUHDORUWUHFSULQDFHOHDúLWUHLVWDGLLFDúLVFKHOHWXO
'6LPIL]DHVWHRIRUPăGHWUDQ]LĠLHGHODVLQGHVPR]HODVLQFRQGUR]H
(6LQGHVPR]HOHVHSRWWUDQVIRUPDvQVLQFRQGUR]HúLVLQRVWR]H
5. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDOHGLDUWUR]HORU :
A. &DUWLODMXODUWLFXODUGXSăVWUXFWXUDVDHVWHGHRELFHLKLDOLQLF
úLGRDUUDUHRULILEURV
B. *URVLPHDFDUWLODMXOXLDUWLFXODUYDULD]ăGHODSkQăOD
mm.
C. ÌQXQHOHFD]XULIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHQXVXQWFRQJUXHnte.
D. ÌQFD]GHLQFRQJUXHQĠăDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUHGLIHUHQĠDHVWH
QLYHODWăSULQRDVHVHVDPRLGH
E. 'LVFXULOHLQWUDDUWLFXODUHFXFLUFXPIHULQĠDORUDGHUăVWUkQVOD
FDSVXODDUWLFXODUă
6. Straturile capsulei articulare:
A. Adventiceal
B. Epitelial
C. Fibros
D. Seros
E. Sinovial
7. Lichidul sinovial are rol de:
$'LULMDUHDPLúFăULORU
B. Metabolism
C. Amortizare
'/XEULILHUHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
(&UHúWHUHDRDVHORU
213
211
8. )XQFĠLLOHFDSVXOHLDUWLFXODUHVXQWGH:
$3URWHFĠLH
B. Sprijin
C. Consolidare a oaselor
'5HJOHPHQWDUHDPLúFăULORU
(6HFUHĠLH
9. )XQFĠLLOHOLJDPHQWHORUVXQWFHOHGH:
A. Consolidare a oaselor
B. Fortificare a capsulei articulare
&)UkQDUHDPLúFăULORU
''LULMDUHDPLúFăULORU
(3URWHFĠLH
10. Cartilajul articular :
$1XFRQĠLQHWHUPLQDĠLLQHUYRDVH
%$UHSURSULHWăĠLGHFRPSUHVLELOLWDWHúLHODVWLFLWDWH
&-RDFăUROGHDPRUWL]DWRU
''HYLQHPDLJURVSHPăVXUDvQDLQWăULLvQYkUVWă
(ÌQFD]GHLPRELOL]DUHvQGHOXQJDWăSRDWHILLQYDGDWGHYDVHVDQJYLQH
,,$VRFLDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHGLQ FRORDQDQXPHULFăFXIRUPDĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
0LúFDUHDSULQFDUHGRXăVHJPHQWHDOHXQXLPHPEUXVHDSURSLHXQXO $&LUFXPGXFĠLD
de altul. %$GGXFĠLD
0LúFDUHDSULQFDUHGRXăVHJPHQWHDOHXQXLPHPEUXVHvQGHSăUWHD]ă &$EGXFĠLD
unul de altul. D. Extensia
0LúFDUHDGDWRULWăFăUHLDXQPHPEUXVDXXQVHJPHQWGHPHPEUXVH F. Flexia
apropie de planul sagital al corpului.
0LúFDUHDFHUH]XOWăGLQUHDOL]DUHDVXFFHVLYăDDEGXFĠLHLH[WHQVLHL
DGGXFĠLHLúLIOH[LHL
3HUPLWHGRDUPLúFăULGHURWDĠLH $$UWLFXODĠLDSODQă
6XQWSRVLELOHQXPDLPLúFăULGHDOXQHFDUH %$UWLFXODĠLDWURKOHDQă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULGHIOH[LH- extensie. &$UWLFXODĠLDWURKRLGă
5HDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHIOH[LH- H[WHQVLHDEGXFĠLH- DGGXFĠLHúL '$UWLFXODĠLDFRQGLODUă
FLUFXPGXFĠLH ($UWLFXODĠLDvQúD
5HDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHIOH[Le - H[WHQVLHDEGXFĠLH- DGGXFĠLHURWDĠLH )$UWLFXODĠLD
úLFLUFXPGXFĠLH HOLFRLGDOă
3RVHGăIHĠHDUWLFXODUHLGHQWLFH *$UWLFXODĠLDHOLSVRLGă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULRSXVHvQWU-un singur plan. +(QDUWUR]ă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULvQMXUXODGRXăD[HUHFLSURFSHUSHQGLFXODUH ,$PILDUWUR]ă
3HUPLWHPLúFăULvQWRDWHSODQXULOH
ùDQĠXOWURKOHHLHVWHVLWXDWVXEXQXQJKLIDĠăGHD[DHL
2(VWHFRPSXVăGLQXQLUHDPDLPXOWRURDVH A. 'LDUWUR]ăVLPSOă
3UH]LQWăRFRPELQDUHIXQFĠLRQDOăDFvWRUYDDUWLFXODĠLLDQDWRPLF B. 'LDUWUR]ăFRPSXVă
separate. C. 'LDUWUR]ă
&RQĠLQHFDUWLODMLQWUDDUWLFXODU FRPELQDWă
(VWHFRPSXVăSULQXQLUHDDGRXăRDVH D. DLDUWUR]ăFRPSOH[ă
214
212
-RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFUDQLHQH
I6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
29. -RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUFUDQLHQH:
A. Oasele faciale se unesc numai prin intermediul suturilor plane.
B. 6XWXULOHGLQĠDWHOLSVHVFvQUHJLXQHDFUDQLXOXLfacial.
C. ÌQWUHFRUSXOVIHQRLGXOXLúLED]DRFFLSLWDOXOXLVHDIOăRVLQFRQGUR]ăSHUPDQHQWă
D. *RPIR]HOHUHSUH]LQWăRYDULHWDWHDVLQGHVPR]HORU
E. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUăHVWHRGLDUWUR]ăFRQGLODUăFRPSOH[ăFRPELQDWă
30. $UWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă :
A. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăHVWHVHSDUDWăvQGRXăHWDMH
%'LVFXODUWLFXODUDUHRIRUPăGHOHQWLOăELFRQYH[ă
&0LúFăULOHGHDOXQHFDUHDXORFvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
'0LúFăULOHGHURWDĠLHvQMXUXOD[HLYHUWLFDOHVHHIHFWXHD]ăvQHWDMXOVXSHULRU
E. În caz de laterRSXOVLHDUHORFPLúFDUHDGHDOXQHFDUHXQLODWHUDOăDFDSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLFX
GLVFXODUWLFXODUvQHWDMXOVXSHULRUDO$70LDUvQSDUWHDFRQWUDODWHUDOă- URWDĠLDvQHWDMXO
inferior.
31. $SDUDWXOOLJDPHQWDUDODUWLFXODĠLHLWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUH:
A. Ligamentul laterDOHVWHFRQFUHVFXWFXFDSVXODDUWLFXODUă
B. Ligamentele extrinseci unesc mandibula cu craniul.
C. /LJDPHQWXOVWLORPDQGLEXODUUHSUH]LQWăRvQJURúDUHDFDSVXOHLILEURDVHDJODQGHL
parotide.
D. /LJDPHQWXOVIHQRPDQGLEXODUVHH[WLQGHGHODVSLQDRVXOXLVIHQRLGSkQăODunghiul
mandubulei.
E. /LJDPHQWXOVIHQRPDQGLEXODUMRDFăUROXOGHVXSRUWSDVLYDOPDQGLEXOHL
32. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDWHPSRURPDQGLEXODUă :
A. ÌQSURSXOVLHDUHORFDOXQHFDUHDELODWHUDOăDFDSXOXLPDQGLEXOHLvPSUHXQăFXGLVFXO
DUWLFXODUSHIDĠDDUWLFXODUăDtemporalului.
B. ÌQUHWURSXOVLHDXORFPLúFăULGHURWDĠLHvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
C. /DPLúFDUHDGHFRERUkUHDPDQGLEXOHLVHGLVWLQJWUHLID]H
D. ÌQGHSODVDUHDPDQGLEXOHLDQWHULRUPLúFDUHDVHUHDOL]HD]ăGRDUvQHWDMXOLQIHULRU
(ÌQODWHURSXOVLHPLúFăULOHFDUHDX ORFvQDPEHOHDUWLFXODĠLLQXVXQWLGHQWLFH
II. $VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
'HWHUPLQDĠLWLSXOVXWXULORUvQWUHRDVHOH :
3DULHWDOúLRFFLSLWDO A. Sutura serrata
)URQWDOúLQD]al B. Sutura squamoza
0D[LODGUHDSWăúLVWkQJă C. Sutura plana
7HPSRUDOúLVIHQRLG
)URQWDOúLSDULHWDO
7HPSRUDOúL]LJRPDWLF
215
213
-RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUWUXQFKLXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le
39. ArticulDĠLLOHFRUSXULORUYHUWHEUHORU:
A. Între corpurile vertebrelor limitrofe unirea are loc prin sincondroze, sindesmoze sau
sinostoze.
%*URVLPHDGLVFXULORULQWHUYHUWHEUDOHHVWHPDLPLFăvQVHJPHQWXOthoracic al coloanei vertebrale.
C. Discurile intervertebrale sunt bine vascularizate.
'/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDODQWHULRUHVWHFRQFUHVFXWFXFRUSXULOHYHUWHEUHORUúLQXVHXQHúWHFX
discurile intervertebrale.
E. Ligamentul longitudinal posterior începe de la PDUJLQHDSRVWHULRDUăDRULILFLXOXLRFFLSLWDO mare.
40. Discurile intervertebrale:
A. Au aspectul unei lentile biconvexe.
B. Dimensiunile lor sunt mai mari ca cele ale corpurilor vertebrelor.
C. Unirea vertebrelor limitrofe are loc prin nucleul pulpos.
D. Rolul principal al inelului fibros este cel de amortizare.
(3ULPXOVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQWUHYHUWHEUHOHFHUYLFDOH,úL,,
41 Unirea arcurilor vertebrale are loc prin intermediul :
A. Lig. zigapofizale
B. Lig. supraarcuate
C. Lig. intervertebrale
D. Lig. galbene
E. Lig. interarcuate
42 Ligamentele longitudinale ale coloanei vertebrale:
$6HORFDOL]HD]ăELODWHUDOGHFRUSXULOHYHUWHEUDOH
%/LJDPHQWXODQWHULRUVHvQWLQGHGHODWXEHUFXOXOIDULQJLDQSkQăODOLQLDWUDQVYHUVDOăVDFUDOăD
II a sau a III.
&/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDOSRVWHULRUVHOăĠHúWHla nivelul discurilor intervertebrale.
D. Ligamentele longitudinale concresc tenace cu discurile intervertebrale.
(/LJDPHQWXOORQJLWXGLQDOSRVWHULRUVHWHUPLQăSHIDĠDSRVWHULRDUăDFRUSXULORUYHUWHEUHORU
sacrale sau cel al vertebrei coccigiene I.
43. /LJDPHQWXOVXSUDVSLQDOLQUHJLXQHDFHUYLFDOăHQXPLW :
A. Lig. occipital inferior
B. Lig. supraspinal posterior
C. Lig. supraspinal cervical
D. Lig. nucal
E. Lig. occipital posterior
44. $UWLFXODĠLLOHYHUWHEUHORU :
A. Arcurile vertebrale se unesc prin sinfibroze.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUYHUWHEUDOHVXQWGLDUWUR]HSODQHSOXULD[LDOHSXĠLQPRELOH
C. /LJDPHQWHOHLQWHUWUDQVYHUVDOHVXQWELQHHYLGHQĠLDWHvQSRUĠLXQHDFHUYLFDOă
D. /LJDPHQWXOQXFDOHVWHLQVHUDWVXSHULRUSHFUHDVWDH[WHUQăDRVXOXLRFFLSLWDOLQIHULRU–
SHDSRIL]DVSLQRDVăDYHUWHEUHLSURHPLQHQWH
(/LJDPHQWHOHLQWHUVSLQDOHVXQWIRDUWHILQHvQUHJLXQHDFHUYLFDOă
45. $UWLFXODĠLLOH]LJDSRIL]DOHUHSUH]LQWă:
A. Amfiartroze
B. Diartroze uniaxiale
C. Diartroze plane
D. Sinartroze
E. Diartroze pluriaxiale
216
214
46. &RORDQDYHUWHEUDODSUH]LQWăPRELOLWDWHVSRULWăODQLYHOXO :
A. Lordozelor
B. Segmentului toracic
C. Cifozelor
D. Segmentului cervical
E. Segmentului lombar.
47. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHFXFUDQLXO :
A. /DDUWLFXODĠLDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHFXFUDQLXOSDUWLFLSăRDVH
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOHVXQWIRUWLILFDWHGHPHPEUDQHOHDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOHDQWHULRDUăúL
SRVWHULRDUă
C. 0HPEUDQDDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOăDQWHULRDUăHVWHPDLODWăGHFkWFHDSRVWHULRDUă
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHDWODQWRD[LDOHVXQWDFRSHULWHDQWHUior de membrana tectorie.
($SRIL]DRGRQWRLGăHVWHPHQĠLQXWăvQSR]LĠLHVWDELOăSULQOLJDPHQWHOHDODUFUXFLIRUPúL
apical.
48. 0LúFăULOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH :
A. ÌQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULGHIOH[LHúLH[WHQVLHDGGXFĠLHúLDEGXFĠLH
rotDĠLH
B. )RUPDGLVFXULORULQWHUYHUWHEUDOHVHPRGLILFăvQWLPSXOPLúFăULL
C. &HDPDLPRELOăSRUĠLXQHDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHHVWHFHDORPEDUă
D. ÌQFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULGHFLUFXPGXFĠLH
E. $PSOLWXGLQHDPLúFăULORUGHDEGXFĠLHúLDGGXFĠLHvQSRUĠLXQHD WRUDFLFăDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
HVWHPDLPDUHGHFkWDFHORUGHURWDĠLH
F.
49. -RQFĠLXQLOHH[WUHPLWăĠLORUSRVWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
A. Capetele coastelor II-;IRUPHD]ăFXYHUWHEUHOHGLDUWUR]HFRPSXVH
B. 7RDWHDUWLFXODĠLLOHFDSXOXLFRVWDOVXQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQtr-XQOLJDPHQWLQWUDDUWLFXODUúLXQXO
extraarticular radiat.
C. ([WUHPLWăĠLOHSRVWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORUVHXQHVFvQWUHHOHSULQPHPEUDQDLQWHUFRVWDOă
H[WHUQă
D. 5RWDĠLDvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRYHUWHEUDOHúLFRVWRWUDQVYHUVDOHSHUPLWHPLúFăULGHDVFHQVLXQHúL
descHQVLXQHDH[WUHPLWăĠLORUDQWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
E. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRWUDQVYHUVDOHVXQWOLSVLWHGHOLJDPHQWHGHFRQVROLGDUH
F.
50. -RQFĠLXQLOHH[WUHPLWăĠLORUDQWHULRDUHDOHFRDVWHORU
A. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLLORUVWHUQRFRVWDOHSUH]LQWăRFRQWLQXDUHDSHULRVWXOXi sternal.
B. 3ULPDFRDVWăVHXQHúWHFXVWHUQXOSULQVLQFRQGUR]ă
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRVWRVWHUQDOH,,-9,,VXQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQOLJDPHQWXOLQWUDDUWLFXODUúL
ligamentele sternocostale radiate.
D. &DUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORUIDOVHFRQFUHVFvQWUHHOHVDXIRUPHD]ăDUWLFXODĠLL intercondrale.
E. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLVWHUQR-FRVWDOHD,,HVWHVHSDUDWăvQGRXăFRPSDUWLPHQWH
F.
51. /DFDUHLQGLYL]LWRUDFHOHHGHIRUPDFRQLFă"
A. La femei
B. La cei de tip brahimorf
C. La cei de tip dolicomorf
D. La cei de tip mezomorf
E. La persoanele senile
217
215
52. Ligamentele alare. A. Articulatio atlantoaxialis mediana
8QLULSODQHSOXULD[LDOHSXĠLQPRELOH B. Articulatio atlanto - occipitalis
0HPEUDQDDWODQWRRFFLSLWDOăDQWHULRDUă C. Articulationes zygapophysiales
55.Ligamentul apical al apofizei odontoide. D. Articulationes atlantoaxiales
56.Ligamentul transvers al atlasului. laterales
57.Membrana tectorie.
58.Unirile corpurilor vertebrale A. Diartroze
59.Unirile arcurilor vertebrale B. Sinelastoze
-RQFĠLXQLOHDSRIL]HORUDUWLFXODUHDOHYHUWHEUHORU C. Sincondroze
61.Unirile apofizelor transversale D. Sinostoze
62.Unirile apofizelor spinoase E. Simfize
63.Unirile vertebrelor sacrale F. Sinfibroze
G. Sinsarcoze
-RQFĠLXQLOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
64. $UWLFXODĠLDVWHUQRFODYLFXODUă :
A. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXQWFRQJUXHQWH
B. $UWLFXODĠLDHVWHFRPSOH[ăFRPELQDWă
C. 6XQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULvQMXUXODD[H
D. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăHVWHGLYL]DWăvQGRXăFDPHUH
E. (VWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHVWHUQRFODYLFXODUHLQWHUFODYLFXODUúLFRVWRFODYLFXODU
65. $UWLFXODĠLDDFURPLRFODYLFXODUă :
A. (VWHRGLDUWUR]ăPXOWLD[LDOăFRPELQDWă
B. În 1/3 din cazuri are un disc articular.
C. Discul uneori are un orificiu .
D. &DSVXODHVWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWXOFRUDFRDFURPLDO
E. /LJDPHQWXOFRUDFRFODYLFXODULQFOXGHSRUĠLXQL OLJFRQRLGúLOLJWUDSH]RLG
66. $UWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL :
A. 'HSUHVLXQHDVFDSXOHLHVWHGHRULPDLPLFăGHFkWVXSUDIDĠDcapului humerusului.
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăVHLQVHUăODGLVWDQĠăGHFDSXOKXPHUDO
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHILQăúLOLEHUă
D. %XUVDVXEVFDSXODUăVHORFDOL]HD]ăODED]DDSRIL]HLFRUDFRLGH
E. 7HDFDVLQRYLDOăLQWHUWXEHUFXODUăFXSULQGHWHQGRQXOFDSXOXLOXQJDOPXúFKLXlui biceps
al humerusului.
67. $UWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL :
A. /DIRUPDUHDHLSDUWLFLSăIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
B. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOăHVWHIRUWLILFDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOH
C. ÌQUHJLXQHDDUWLFXODĠLHLOLSVHVFEXUVHOHVLQRYLDOH
D. ,QFRPSRQHQĠDDUWLFXODĠLHLFXELWDOHLQWUăDUWLFXODĠLLGHIRUPHGLIHULWHVIHURLGă
WURKRLGăúLWURKOHDUă
E. ÌQHDVXQWSRVLELOHPLúFăULvQMXUXODD[H
68. -RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUDQWHEUDĠXOXL :
A. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXLVHXQHVFSULQVLQGHVPR]ăúLGLDUWUR]H
B. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOăHVWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQHODUúLSDWUDW
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRXOQDUHGLVWDOHIRUPHD]ăRSURODEDUHvQWUHRDVHOHFDUSLHQH
D. $PSOLWXGLQHDVXSLQDĠLHLúLSURQDĠLHLvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHUDGLRXOQDUHDWLQJH0.
E. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRXOQDUăGLVWDOăHVWHFRPSOH[ă
218
216
69. $UWLFXODĠLDUDGLR-FDUSLDQă :
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGLQRDVH UDGLXVúLRDVHDOHUkQGXOXLSUR[LPDODOFDUSXOXL
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHIL[DWăODGLVWDQĠăGHIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUH
C. Ligamentul radiocarpian palmar se extinde de la radius pâQăODRVXOVFafoid.
D. (VWHRDUWLFXODĠLHHOLSVRLGăELD[LDOă
E. 3RVHGăOLJDPHQWHGHFRQVROLGDUHFRODWHUDOHúLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
70. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPkLQLL :
A. &DSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLPHGLRFDUSLHQHHVWHIRDUWHILQăvQSDUWHDSDOPDUă
B. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLPHGLRFDUSLHQHFRPXQLFăFXFHDDDUWLFXODĠLHLUDGLRFDUSLHQH
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHGRUVDOH
SDOPDUHLQWHURVRDVHúLOLJDPHQWXOUDGLDWSL]RKDPDWSL]RPHWDFDUSLDQ
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQH,,-V au fisură DUWLFXODUăFRPXQă
(&DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQHDSROLFHOXOXLHVWHL]RODWăGHDOWHDUWLFXODĠLL
carpometacarpiene.
71. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHúLLQWHUIDODQJLHQH :
A. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHDXFDSVXOăFRPXQăFXDUWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSRPHWDFDUSLHQH
II-V.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHVXQWHOLSVRLGHPXOWLD[LDOH
C. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHGRUVDOHSDOPDUHúL
LQWHURVRDVHFHDXGLUHFĠLHWUDQVYHUVDOă
D. Capsulele artiFXODĠLLORUPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHVXQWvQWLQVH
($UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWWURKOHDUHXQLD[LDOH
72. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLXPărului :
A. Scapulohumeral
B. Acromiohumeral
C. Clavihumeral
D. Deltoideohumeral
E. Coracohumeral
73. $UWLFXODĠLL biaxiale ale membrului superior :

A. A. umarului
%0HGLRFDUSLDQă
&5DGLRFDUSLDQă
D. Interfalangiene
(&DUSRPHWDFDUSLDQăDSROLFHOXL
74. (OHPHQWHDX[LOLDUHLQDUWLFXODĠLDXPDUXOXL :
A. Lig. coracohumeral
%7HDFDVLQRYLDOăLQWHUWXEHUFXODUă
C. Lig. acromiohumeral
'%XUVDVXEWHQGLQRDVăDPVXEFODYLFXODU
E. Bureletul articular
75. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLFRWXOXL :
A. Colateral humeral
B. Colateral ulnar
C. Colateral radial
D. Colateral radioulnar
E. Inelar al radiusului
219
217
76. $UWLFXODĠLLOHVHODUHDOHmembrului superior :
$&DUSRPHWDFDUSLDQăDSROLFHOXL
%5DGLRXOQDUăSUR[LPDOă
&+XPHURXOQDUă
D. A. cotului
E. Carpometacarpiene
77. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFRPSXVHDOHPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU :
A. Interfalangiene
%5DGLRFDUSLDQă
&&DUSRPHWDFDUSLDQăDSROLFHOXL
D. A. cotului
E. Carpometacarpiene
78. Componentele complexului solidar al mâinii :
A. $UWLFXODĠLLOHFDUSR-metacarpiene cu ligamentele lor
%$UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUFDUSLHQHFXDSDUDWXOORUOLJDPHQWDU
$UWLFXODĠLDUDGLRFDUSLDQăFXDSDUDWXOHLGHFRQVROLGDUH
D. ArticXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDFDUSLHQHFXOLJDPHQWHOHORU
($UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDFDUSRIDODQJLHQHFXDSDUDWXOORUOLJDPHQWDU
-RQFĠLXQLOHRDVHORUPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU
79. $UWLFXODĠLDVDFURLOLDFă:
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGLQIHĠHOHDUWLFXODUHDXULFXODUHDOHVDFUXOXLúLFR[DOXOXL
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHOLEHUăúLUH]LVWHQWă
C. Cartilajul articular pe osul coxal este mai gros decât de pe sacru.
D. Dintre ligamentele sacroiliace cel interosos este cel mai puternic.
E. 3UH]LQWăRDPILDUWUR]ă
80. 6LPIL]DSXELDQă :
A. (VWHRKHPLDUWUR]ăIRUPDWăvQWUHRDVHOHSXELHQHFRQWUDLDFHQWH
B. 'LVFXOILEURFDUWLODJLQRVLQWHUSXELDQHVWHPDLPDVLYODEăUEDĠL
C. ÌQăOĠLPHDVLPIL]HLHVWHPDLPDUHODIHPHL
D. 0LúFăULOHVXQWSRVLELOHODIHPHLvQWLPSXOQDúWHULL
E. (VWHIL[DWăGHOLJDPHQWXOSXELDQVXSHULRUúLOLJDPHQWXODUFXDWDOSXELVXOXL
81. Bazinul în ansamblu:
A. Constituie un inel osos.
B. %D]LQXOPDUHDOFăWXLHúWHSDUWHDLQIHULRDUăDFDYLWăĠLLDEGRPLQDOH
C. 2ULILFLXOVFLDWLFPDUHHVWHGHOLPLWDWGHLQFL]XUDVFKLDWLFăPDUHúLOLJDPHQWXO sacrotuberal.
D. 2ULILFLXOVFLDWLFPLFHVWHIRUPDWGHLQFL]XUDVFKLDWLFăPLFăúLOLJDPHQWXOVDFURVSLQDO
E. ÌQSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăDSHUWXUDVXSHULRDUăDED]LQXOXLODIHPHLIRUPHD]ăFXSODQXO
orizontal un unghi (50-550).
82. /LQLDWHUPLQDOăHIRUPDWăGLQ
A. Promontoriu
B. &UHDVWDLOLDFă
C. /LQLDDUFXDWă
D. &UHDVWDSXELFă
E. 0DUJLQHDVXSHULRDUăDVLPIL]HLSXELHQH
220
218
83. Limitele aperturii inferioare a bazinului includ:
A. Coccisul
B. Ligamentele sacrospinale
&7XEHUR]LWăĠLOHVFLDWLFH
'5DPXULOHVFLDWLFHúi pubiene inferioare
(6LPIL]DSXELDQă
84. $UWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOă
A. (VWHIRUPDWăGHFDSXOIHPXUXOXLúLIRVDDFHWDEXODUă
B. %XUHOHWXODFHWDEXODUFRQVWăGLQFDUWLODMKLDOLQLF
C. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăVe IL[HD]ăGHEXUHOHWXODFHWDEXODU
D. &ROXOIHPXUDOVHDIOăvQLQWHULRUXOFDYLWăĠLLDUWLFXODUH
E. Aparatul de fixare include ligamente extraarticulare, intracapsulare, intraarticulare.
85. 0LúFăULOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDFR[RIHPXUDOă
A. $PSOLWXGLQHDPLúFăULORUGHSLQGHGHSR]LĠLDDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
B. 5RWDĠLDODWHUDOă HVWHPDLHYLGHQWăGHFkWFHDPHGLDOă
C. /LJDPHQWXOLVFKLRIHPXUDOIUkQHD]ăH[WHQVLD
D. 0LúFăULOHVXQWOLPLWDWHGHDSDUDWXOOLJDPHQWDU
E. $PSOLWXGLQHDURWDĠLHLFRQVWLWXLH-80 grade
86. $UWLFXODĠLDJHQXQFKLXOXL
$)HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHVXQWH[WLQVHLQFRQJUXHQWH
%(VWHFRQVWLWXLWăGLQDUWLFXODĠLDIHPXURWLELDOăúLSDWHORIHPXUDOă
&&DSVXODILEURDVăVHLQVHUăGLVWDQĠDWGHPDUJLQLOHFDUWLODMHORUDUWLFXODUHDOHWLELHL
'6WDELOLWDWHDHLGHSLQGHGHOLJDPHQWHOHPXúFKLLúLWHQGRDQHOHGLQMXUXODUWLFXODĠLHL
E. EVWHRGLDUWUR]ăXQLD[LDOă
87. (OHPHQWHOHLQWUDDUWLFXODUHDOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
A. /LJDPHQWHOHFUXFLDWHVXQWORFDOL]DWHvQDIDUDFDYLWăĠLLVLQRYLDOH
B. Ligamentul cruciat anterior este mai slab decât cel posterior.
C. Ligamentul cruciat posterior previnHGHSODVDUHDSRVWHULRDUăDIHPXUXOXLSHWLELHúL
hiperextensia genunchiului.
D. Ligamentul cruciat posterior previne hiperflexia genunchiului.
E. /LJDPHQWXOFUXFLDWDQWHULRUHVWHIDFWRUXOSULQFLSDOGHVWDELOL]DUHDIHPXUXOXLvQSR]LĠLDGH
IOH[LHVXELQIOXHQĠDPDsei corpului.
88. Bursele sinoviale ale articulatiei genunchiului:

$,QIUDURWXOLDQăSURIXQGă
%/DWHURURWXOLDQă
&6XEFXWDQDWăSUHURWXOLDQă
'5HWURURWXOLDQă
(6XSUDURWXOLDQă
89. Meniscurile:
A. &RQWULEXLHODFRQJUXHQĠDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUHúLDPRUWL]DUH.
B. 0DUJLQLOHH[WHUQHDOHORUVHXQHVFFXFDSVXODILEURDVă
C. Marginile interne ale lor sunt libere.
D. &HOPHGLDODUHIRUPăVHPLOXQDUă
E. &HOODWHUDOHVWHDSURDSHURWXQGPDLPLFúLPDLPRELOGHFkWFHOPHGLDO
221
219
90. &RPSRQHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLHLJHQXQFKLXOXL
A. LigaPHQWXOWUDQVYHUVDOJHQXQFKLXOXLXQHúWHSRUĠLXQLOHDQWHULRDUHDOHPHQLVFXULORU
%0HQLVFXOODWHUDOHVWHIL[DWODOLJDPHQWXOFUXFLDWSRVWHULRUúLODFRQGLOXOPHGLDODOIHPXUXOXL
prin ligamente.
&1XPăUXOúLGLPHQVLXQLOHEXUVHORUVLQRYLDOHYDULD]ăLQGividual.
'&DSVXODILEURDVăHOD[ă
E. Bursele VLQRYLDOHVXSUDSDWHODUăSRSOLWHHDQVHULQăúLJDVWURFQHPLDQăFRPXQLFăFX
cavitatea VLQRYLDOăDJHQXQFKLXOXL
91. $UWLFXODĠLDWLELRILEXODUă :
A. )DĠDDUWLFXODUăDFDSXOXLILEXODUHVWHVLPLODUăFXFHDORFDOL]DWăSHIDĠDSRVWHURODWHUDOăD
condilului lateral al tibiei.
B. &DSVXODHLVHLQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
C. (VWHFRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHLQWUDFDSVXODUHDOHFDSXOXLIXEXODUDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
D. (VWHRDPILDUWUR]ă
E. &DYLWDWHDHLDUWLFXODUăFRPXQLFăFXFHDDJHQXQFKLXOXL
92. -RQFĠLXQHDWLELRILEXODUăGLVWDOă
A. Integritatea sindesmozHLWLELRILEXODUHGLVWDOHHVWHHVHQĠLDOăSHQWUXVWDELOLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH
B. $UHDUXJRDVăWULXQJKLXODUăDPDOHROHLODWHUDOHVHXQHúWHFXLQFL]XUDILEXODUăGHSH
H[WUHPLWDWHDGLVWDOăDWLELHL
C. (FRQVROLGDWăGHOLJDPHQWXOLQWHURVRVúLOLJDPHQWHWLELRILEXODUHDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
D. 5HSUH]LQWăRGLDUWUR]ăFRPELQDWă
E. 0HPEUDQDLQWHURVRDVăQXSDUWLFLSăODFRQVROLGDUHDHL
93. $UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOă
A. Este IRUPDWăGHIHĠHDUWLFXODUH
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăDHLHVWHJURDVăvQWăULWăGHOLJDPHQWHOHODWHUDOHSXWHUQLFH
&&DSVXODVHLQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
'0HPEUDQDVLQRYLDOăHVWHOD[ă
(&DYLWDWHDVLQRYLDOăVHH[WLQGHGHVHRULVXSHULRUvQWUHOigamentele tibiofibulare.
94. (OHPHQWHOHGHFRQVROLGDUHDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFUXUDOH:
A. /LJDPHQWXOODWHUDOFRPSXVGLQSRUĠLXQL
B. /LJDPHQWXOWDORILEXODUDQWHULRUH[WLQVvQWUHPDOHRODODWHUDOăúLFROXOWDODU
C. Ligamentul talofibular posterior, extins de la maOHRODODWHUDOăSkQăODWXEHUFXOXOlateral talar.
D. /LJDPHQWXOFDOFDQHRILEXODUORFDOL]DWvQWUHYkUIXOPDOHROHLODWHUDOHúLIDĠDODWHUDOăD
calcaneului.
E. /LJDPHQWXOPHGLDOFDUHSRUQHúWHGHODPDOHRODPHGLDOăúLVHLQVHUăSHWDOXVFDOFDQHXúL
osul navicular.
95. $UWLFXODĠLLOHSLFLRUXOXL:
$$UWLFXODĠLD&KRSDUWHVWHFHDPDLPRELOăDUWLFXODĠLHDSLFLRUXOXL
%$UWLFXODĠLDWUDQVYHUVDOăDWDUVXOXLLQFOXGHDUWLFXODĠLLOHWDORQDYLFXODUăúLFDOFDQHR-FXERLGă
&0LúFăULOHSULQFLSDOHvQDUWLFXODĠLDWUDQVYHUVDOăDWDUVXOXLúLFHDVXEWDODUăVXQWLQYHUVLDúL
eversia.
'ÌQDUWLFXODĠLDVXEWDODUăVHUHDOL]HD]ăPLúFăULGHDGGXFĠLHúLDEGXFĠLHDSLFLRUXOXL
(3ULQVLQXVXOWDUVXOXLWUHFHWHQGRQXOXQXLPXúFKL
96. $UWLFXODĠLDFDOFDQHRFXERLGă
A. )HĠHOHDUWLFXODUHQXVXQWcongruente.
B. (VWHRDUWLFXODĠLHVHOLIRUPăFHSHUPLWHRURWDĠLHOLPLWDWă
C. &DSVXODHVWHPDLJURDVăúLPDLWHQVLRQDWăGLQSDUWHDPHGLDOă
D. &DYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăXQHRULFRPXQLFăFXFHDDDUWLFXODĠLHLWDORFDOFDQHRQDYLFXODUH
E. 3HIDĠDGRUVDOăHVWHFRQVROLGDWăPDLELQHGHFkWSHFHDSODQWDUă
222
220
97. /LJDPHQWHOHDUWLFXODĠLLORUSLFLRUXOXL
A. Ligamentul plantar lung - cel mai puternic dintre ligamentele piciorului.
B. /LJDPHQWXOSODQWDUOXQJvQFHSHSHIDĠDODWHUDOăDFDOFDQHXOXLúLVHLQVHUăSHED]HOHRDVHORU
metatarsiene II-V.
C. Ligamentul-FKHLHDODUWLFXODĠLHL&KRSDUWHVWHOLJDPHQWXOELIXUFDW
D. /LJDPHQWXOELIXUFDWHVWHDOFăWXLWGLQSRUĠLXQLFDOFDQHRQDYLFXODUăúL
FDOFDQHRFXQHLIRUPă
E. &HOHPDLSXWHUQLFHOLJDPHQWHVXQWSHIDĠDSODQWDUă
98. $UWLFXODĠLDFXQHRQDYLFXODUă
A. Este o artLFXODĠLHHOLSVRLGăIRUPDWăGLQRDVH
B. &DSVXODHLHVWHOLEHUăIL[DWăGHPDUJLQHDIHĠHORUDUWLFXODUH
C. (VWHIRUWLILFDWăGHWLSXULGHOLJDPHQWHFXQHRQDYLFXODUHSODQWDUHGRUVDOH
LQWHUFXQHLIRUPHLQWHURVRDVHLQWHUFXQHLIRUPHGRUVDOHúLSODQWDUH
D. Fisura aUWLFXODUăVHSUHOXQJHúWHvQWUHRDVHOHFXQHLIRUPH
E. ÌQXQHOHFD]XULFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUăFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLLORUWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQH
99. $UWLFXODĠLLOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHúLLQWHUPHWDWDUVLHQH :
A. 6XQWDUWLFXODĠLLWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHFRPSXVHL]RODWe una de alta.
B. 6XQWFRQVROLGDWHSULQOLJDPHQWHOHWDUVRPHWDWDUVLHQHGRUVDOHSODQWDUHúLLQWHURVRDVH
C. /LJDPHQWXOWDUVRPHWDWDUVLDQLQWHURVRVODWHUDOUHSUH]LQWăFKHLDDUWLFXODĠLHL/LVIUDQF
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUPHWDWDUVLHQHVXQWSODQH
E. Orientarea tuturor ligameQWHORUGRUVDOHSODQWDUHúLLQWHURVRDVHHVWHWUDQVYHUVDOă
100. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQH:
A. )HĠHOHFDSHWHORURDVHORUPHWDWDUVLHQHVXQWVIHURLGHXúRUDSODWL]DWHWUDQVYHUVDO
B. &DSVXODDUWLFXODUăHVWHILQăúLIODVFă
C. Sunt fortificate de ligamentele coODWHUDOHPHGLDOHúLODWHUDOHSODQWDUHúLOLJDPHQWXO
transversal profund al metatarsului.
D. /LJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOHPHGLDOHVXQWPDLPDVVLYHúLPDLSXWHUQLFH
E. 0LúFăULOHGHH[WHQVLHVXQWPDLUHGXVHGHFkWvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHVLPLODUHDOHPkLQLL
101. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQHúLLQWHUIDODQJLHQH:
A. /LJDPHQWXOWUDQVYHUVDOSURIXQGDOPHWDWDUVXOXLXQHúWHFDSHWHOHWXWXURURDVHORU
metatarsiene.
B. $UWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJLHQHVXQWSOXULD[LDOH
C. 0LúFăULOHGHIOH[LHúLH[WHQVLHvQDUWLFXODĠLLOHPHWDWDUVRIDODQJiene sunt mai reduse decât
FHOHGHDEGXFĠLHúLDGGXFĠLH
D. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWWURKOHDUHXQLD[LDOH
E. $UWLFXODĠLLOHLQWHUIDODQJLHQHVXQWFRQVROLGDWHGHOLJDPHQWHOHFRODWHUDOHúLGRUVDOH
$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
$UWVDFURLOLDFă A. 8QLD[LDOă
$UWúROGXOXL B. %LD[LDOă
104. Art.genunchiului C. 0XOWLD[LDOă
$UWWLELRILEXODUăSUR[LPDOă D. $PILDUWUR]ă
$UWWDORFUXUDOă E. 6LPSOă
$UWVXEWDODUă F. &RPSXVă
$UWFDOFDQHRFXERLGă G. &RPSOH[ă
$UWWDORQDYLFXODUă H. &RPELQDWă
110. Art.cuneonaviculare
111. Art.tarsometatarsiene
223
221
112. Art.intermetatarsiene
113. Art.metatarsofalangiene
114. Art.interfalangiene
115. Lig.deltoid A. $UWFR[RIHPXUDOă
116. Lig.transversal al acetabulului B. $UWVDFURLOLDFă
117. Ligg. colaterale C. Art.genunchiului
118. Lig. lateral D. $UWWLELRILEXODUă
119. Lig.cruciat E. 6LQGHVPR]ă
120. Lig.cuneometatarsian interosos medial WLELRILEXODUă
121. Lig.bifurcat F. Art. Lisfranc
122. Lig.sacrospinal G. Art. Chopart
123. Burelet fibrocartilaginos H. $UWWDORFUXUDOă
/LJJWLELRILEXODUHDQWúLSRVW
/DXUPăWRDUHOHvQWUHEăULUăVSXQGHĠLSULQ
A – GDFăFHOHGRXăDILUPDĠLLVXQWDGHYăUDWHúLvQWUHHOHH[LVWăRUHODĠLHFDX]ă-efect;
B – GDFăFHOHGRXăDILUPDĠLLVXQWDGHYăUDWHGDUvQWUHHOHQXH[LVWăRUHODĠLHFDX]ă-efect;
C – GDFăSULPDDILUPDĠLHHDGHYăUDWăLDUDGRXD– IDOVă
D – GDFăSULPDDILUPDĠLHHVWHIDOVăLDUDGRXD– DGHYăUDWă
E – GDFăDPEHOHDILUPDĠLLVXQWIDOVH
$UWLFXODĠLDWDORFUXUDOăHVWHUHODWLYLQVWDELOăvQWLPSXOIOH[LHLSODQWDUHGHRDUHFHWURKOHDSRVWHULRU
HVWHPDLvQJXVWă
2DVHOHFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHVHXQHVFSULQGLDUWUR]HúLVLQVDUFR]HLDURDVHOHFHQWXULLSHOYLHQH–
SULQDPILDUWUR]HVLPIL]HúLVLQRVWR]H
127. 2DVHOHDQWHEUDĠXOXLVHXQHVFSULQGLDUWUR]HFLOLQGULFHFHOHDOHJDPEHL– prin intermediul unei
singure amfiartroze.
2DVHOHSLFLRUXOXLIRUPHD]ăEROWDSODQWDUăvQFRQIRUPLWDWHFXDGDSWDUHDODPLúFDUHDELSHGă
129. La omul matur structurDED]LQXOXLSRVHGăSDUWLFXODULWăĠLGHVH[YăGLWHILLQGFăIXQFĠLLOH
ED]LQXOXLPDVFXOLQúLIHPLQLQGLIHUă
'LPHQVLXQLOHED]LQXOXLPLFODEăUEDWVXQWPDLPLFLILLQdFăRDVHOHPDVFXOLQHVXQWPDLJURDVH
TESTE PENTRU INSTRUI5(ù,$872&21752//$ MIOLOGIE
GHQHUDOLWăĠL
6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠL-le.
1. 0XúFKLLVFKHOHWLFL:
A. 5HSUH]LQWăFRPSRQHQWXODFWLYDODSDUDWXOXLORFRPRWRU
B. $XIXQFĠLH FRQWUDFWLOă
C. &RQVWLWXLHVXUVDSULQFLSDOăGHFăOGXUăvQRUJDQLVP
D. Constituie 55 - 60% din masa corpului.
E. $XUROvQFLUFXODĠLDVDQJYLQăúLOLPIDWLFă
2. 'LVSR]LWLYHDX[LOLDUHDOHPXúFKLORUVXQW
A. Retinaculele
B. Mezotendoanele
C. Plicele sinoviale
D. Venterele musculare
E. Tecile sinoviale
224
222
3. Fasciile:
A. 8QHVFSLHOHDFXPXúFKLL
B. $VLJXUăLQWHJUitatea morfofuncĠLRQDOăDPXúFKLORU
C. MăUHVF randamentul muscular
D. )RUPHD]ăWHFLSHQWUXIDVFLFXOHOHYDVFXORQHUYRDVH
E. 6HSDUăSHULRVWXOGHPXúFKL
4. ,PSRUWDQĠDIXQFĠLRQDOăDvQFUXFLúăULORUPXVFXODUHFRQVWăvQ
A. Mărirea randamentului muscular
B. AsigXUDUHDLQWHJULWDWLLPRUIRIXQFWLRQDOHDPXúFKLORUGLQGLIHULWH
segmente
C. Consolidarea flexorilor si extensorilor
D. (IHFWXDUHDPLúFăULORUILQHúLDUPRQLRDVH
E. Asigurarea PLúFărilRUGHURWDĠie
5. RetinacuOHOHúLWHFLle sinoviale ale tendoanelor :
A. Retinaculele VXQWvQJURúăULILEURDVHDOHIDVFLLORUGHvQYHOLúVXEIRUPăGH
SDQJOLFă
B. RetinacuOHOHPHQĠLQWHQGRDQHOHaproape de oase.
C. 7HFLOHVLQRYLDOHIDYRUL]HD]ăDOXQHFDUHa tendoanelor în interiorul
canalelor osteofibroase.
D. 7HDFDVLQRYLDOăSUH]LQWăXQWXEFLOLQGULFIRUPDWGLQGRXăIRLĠH
E. Teci sinoviale DXWHQGRDQHOHWXWXURUPXúFKLORU
6. Bursele sinoviale :
$6HIRUPHD]ăODQLYHOXOWHQGRDQHORUúLPXúFKLORUvQORFXULle unde
DFHúWHDVunt expuúL presiunii.
B. Sunt subcutanate, subfasciaOHVXEWHQGLQRDVHúLVXEPXVFXODUH
&ÌQXQHOHFD]XULFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODUă
'/DFRSLLúLEăWUkQLOLSVHVF
(ÌQWRWGHDXQDFRPXQLFăFXFDYLWDWHDDUWLFXODĠLHLDSURSLDWH
7. 3URSULHWăĠLOHIL]LFHDOHPXúFKLlor scheletici:
A. Elasticitatea
B. Extensibilitatea
C. Conductibilitatea
D. Contractilitatea
E. Tonicitatea
0XúFKLLWUXQFKLXOXL
8. 0XúFKLLWRUDFHOXL
A. 6HGLVWLQJPXúFKLGHULYDĠLGLQSULPRUGLXOPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUúLPXúFKLDXWRhtoni.
B. Diafragma derivă GLQSRUĠLXQLOHYentrale ale miotomilor cervicali.
C. 0XúFKLLproprii ai WRUDFHOXLúLai membrelor superioare FXLQVHUĠLHSHWRUDFHVXQW
respiratori.
D. 0XúFKLLDXWRKWRQLUHDOL]HD]ăPLúFDUHDGHLQVSLUDĠLH
E. Contribuie la PHQĠLQHUea SR]LĠLHL verticale a corpului.
225
223
9. 0XúFKLXOSHFWRUDOPDUH:
A. Constă GLQSRUĠLXQLFODYLFXODUăVWHUQDOăúLFRVWDOă
B. 3RUĠLXQLOHOXLFRQYHUJVSUHXQWHQGRQFRPXQ
C. Se iQVHUăSHWXEHUFXOXOPDUHDl humerusului.
D. Marginea OXLVXSHURODWHUDOăvPSUHXQăFXGHOWoidul delimiteD]ăIRVD0RKUHQKHLP
E. AvkQGSXQFWIL[SHWRUDFHDGGXFHúLURWHúWHEUDĠXOvQDIDUă
10. 0XúFKLXOSHFWRUDOPLF:
A. 3RUQHúWHGHODFDUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORU,,,-V.
B. Se iQVHUăSHDSRIL]DFRUDFRLGăDVFDSXOHL
C. Marginea lui VXSHURPHGLDOăVHFRQWLQXăFXPVXEFODYLFXODU
D. &kQGSXQFWXOIL[HVWHSHWRUDFHWUDJHXPăUXOvQVXVúLvQDLQWH
E. ÌQWUHWHQGRQXOOXLúLDSRIL]a FRUDFRLGăVHDIOăREXUVăVLQRYLDOă
11. 0XúFKLXOGLQĠDWDQWHULRU :
A. Este tetragonal.
B. 6HvQWLQGHGHODSULPHOHFRDVWHSkQăODPDUJLQHDPHGLDOăDVFDSXOHL
C. FaĠDVXSHUILFLDOăDSRUĠLXQLLLQIHULRDUHIRUPHD]ăSHUHWHOHPHGLDODOD[LOHL
D. ÌQIXQFĠLHGHSXQFWXOIL[WUDJHVFDSXODODWHUDOúLvQDLQWHVDXSDUWLFLSăODUHVSLUDĠLH
E. (VWHXQPXúFKLLQVSLUDWRU
12. 0XúFKLLSURSULLDLWRUDFHOXL:
A. 0DMRULWDWHDSDUWLFLSăvQDFWXOGHH[SLUDĠLH
B. 0XúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLH[WHUQLRFXSăVSDĠLXOLQWHUFRVWDOGHODWXEHUFXOXOFRDVWHORUSkQăOD
stern.
C. 0XúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLLQWHUQLVHDIOăvQVSDĠLXOLQWHUFRVWDOGHODVWHUQúLSRUĠLXQLOHRVRDVH
ale coastelor falsHSkQăODXQJKLXULOHFRDVWHORU
D. 0XúFKLLVXEFRVWDOLSRUQHVFGLQDSURSLHUHDXQJKLXULORUFRVWDOe úLVHLQVHUăSHIDĠDLQWHUQă
a coastelor supraiacente.
E. 0XúFKLXOWUDQVYHUVDODOWRUDFHOXLVHDIOăSHIDĠDLQWHUQăDSHUHWHOXLSRVWHULRUDOFXWLHL
toracice.
13. Diafragmul :
A. )DĠDVXSHULRDUă conve[ăIRUPHD]ăED]DFDYLWăĠLLWRUDFLFHLDUFHDLQIHULRDUăFRQFDYă
IRUPHD]ăSODIRQXOFDYLWăĠLLDEGRPLQDOH
B. &XSRODGLDIUDJPHLSUH]LQWăRGHSUHVLXQHFHQWUDOăFRUeVSXQ]ăWRDUHLQLPLL
C. ÌQGUHDSWDVHULGLFăSkQăODFRDVWD9LDUvQVWkQJD– SkQăODD,9-a.
D. 3RUĠLXQHDPXVFXODUăRFXSăSR]LĠLe SHULIHULFă
E. 3R]LĠLDsa se VFKLPEăvQIXQFĠLHGHVH[YkUVWăSR]LĠLDFRUSXOXLúLPLúFăULOH respiratorii.
F.
14. Diafragmul este constituit din SRUĠLXQLOH
A. AEGRPLQDOă
B. CRVWDOă
C. TRUDFLFă
D. SWHUQDOă
E. LRPEDUă
15. Centrul tendinRVDOGLDIUDJPXOXLSUH]LQWă

A. Hiatul aortic
%6SDĠLXOVWHUQRFRVWDO
C. Orificiul venei cave inferioare
D. Hiatul esofagian
E. Trigonul lombocostal
224 225
16. )XQFĠLLOHGLDIUDJPXOXL :
A. 'HUHVSLUDĠLH
B. Contribuie ODFLUFXODĠLDVDQJYLQăúLOLPIDWLFă
C. Participă la actul de GHJOXWLĠLH
D. Contribuie la motorica organelor abdominale.
E. Contribuie la vorbire.
17. 0XúFKLDXWRKWRQLDLWRUDFHOXLVXQW
$0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRULQIHULRU
B. Mm. intercostali interni si externi
C. M. supraspinos
D. M. subcostali
E. M. transvers al toracelui
18. Fasciile toracelui:
A. )DVFLDWRUDFLFăVXSHUILFLDOăHVWHELQHGH]YROWDWăúLWULPLWHVHSWXUi în interiorul glandei
mamare.
B. )RLĠHOHIDVFLHLSHFWRUDOHFXSULQGPSHFWRUDOPDUH
C. 3RUĠLXQHDVXSHULRDUăPDLJURDVăDIRLĠHLSURIXQGHDIDVFLHLSHFWRrale constituie fascia
FODYLSHFWRUDOă
D. )DVFLDSHFWRUDOăIRUPHD]ăOLJDPHQWHOHVXVSHQVRDUHDOHJODQGHLPDPDUH
E. &RDVWHOHúLPXúFKLLLQWHUFRVWDOLVXQWWDSHWDĠLGLQH[WHULRUFXIDVFLDWRUDFLFăSURSULHGLQ
interior – FXIDVFLDHQGRWRUDFLFă
19. 0XúFKLLVSDWHOXi :
A. 2FXSăWRDWăVXSUDIDĠDGRUVDOăDWUXQFKLXOXLGHODUHJLXQHDVDFUDOăúLFUHVWHOHLOLDFHSkQăOD
baza craniului.
B. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLaXLQVHUĠLDSHVFKHOHWXOPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRUúLSHFRDVWH
C. 0XúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLVXQWDXWRKWRQL
D. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LIRUPHD]ăGRXăVWUDWXUL
E. 0XúFKLLSURIXQ]LVHvPSDUWvQDXWRKWRQLúLGHRULJLQHYHQWUDOă
20. 2ULJLQHDPXúFKLXOXLWUDSH]:
A. /LQLDQXFDOăLQIHULRDUă
B. &UHDVWDRFFLSLWDOăH[WHUQă
C. Ligamentul nucal.
D. Apofizele spinoase ale vertebrelor C7-T12.
E. Ligamentul supraspinos din segmentul toracic al coloanei vertebrale.
21. $FĠLXQHD PXúFKLXOXLWUDSH]VHUH]XPăOD

$$GGXFĠLDEUDĠXOXL
B. ApropiereDVFDSXOHLGHFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
C. Ridicarea scapulei
D. Coborârea scapulei
(([WHQVLDSRUĠLXQLLFHUYLFDOHDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
22. 0XúFKLLURPERL]LPDUHVLPLFLúi iau originea de pe :

A. Apofizele transversale ale vertebrelor C VI-VII, Th I-V
B. Ligamentele nucal si supraspinos
C. Apofizele spinoase ale vertebrelor C VII - Th I-V
D. Ligamentul interspinos
E. ProtuberanĠa occipitală externă
226 225
23. 2ULJLQHDPXúFKLXOXLmare dorsal :
A. )DĠDH[WHUQăDFHORU-4 coaste inferioare.
B. Apofizele spinoase ale ultimelor 2 vertebre toracice.
C. Apofizele spinoase ale vertebrelor lombare.
D. &UHDVWDVDFUDOăODWHUDOă
E. %X]DLQWHUQăDFUHVWHLLOLDFH
24. AFĠLXQHDPXúFKLXOXLGRUVDOPDUHVHUH]XPăOD
$$GGXFĠLDEUDĠXOXL
%)OH[LDEUDĠXOXL
&6XSLQDĠLDEUDĠXOXL
'5RWLUHDEUDĠXOXLVSUHLQIHULRU
(([WHQVLDLQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
25. 0XúFKLXOULGLFăWRUDOVFDSXOHL:
A. Are formă WULXQJKLXODUă
B. 3RUQHúWHGHODapofizele transversale ale ultimelor 4-5 vertebre cervicale.
C. (VWHDQWDJRQLVWXOSRUĠLXQLLVXSHULRDUHDPWUDSH]
D. Se iQVHUăSHPDUJLQHDPHGLDOăDVFDSXOHL
E. Când punctul fix e pe scapulă vQFOLQăFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăspre partea sa.
26. 0XúFKLXOHUHFWRUVSLnae :
A. 5HSUH]LQWăXQFRPSOH[PXVFXODUORFDOL]DWvQúDQĠXOFRVWRYHUWHEUDO
B. /HDJăED]LQXOGHWRUDFHúLFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOăSRUĠLXQLOHFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHvQWUHHOHúL
FUDQLXOGHFRORDQDYHUWHEUDOă
C. 0XúFKLLlui FRPSRQHQĠLVHFRQWRSHVFvQSDUWHDVXSHULRDUăvQWU-RPDVăFRPXQă
D. 5HSUH]LQWăPXVFXODWXUDDXWRKWRQăDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
E. $VLJXUăPHQĠLQHUHDSR]LĠLHLYHUWLFDOHDFRUSXOXL
27. )XQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORUVSDWHOXL:
$0PURPERL]LULGLFăDGGXFúLURWHVFVFDSXOD
%0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRUHVWHH[SLUDWRU
C. În coQWUDFĠLHVLPXOWDQăPXúFKLLGLQĠDĠLSRVWHULRULGHYLQLQVSLUDWRUL
'0VSOHQLXVDOFDSXOXLvQFRQWUDFĠLHXQLODWHUDOăSURYRDFă URWDĠLDKHWHURODWHUDOăD
capului.
(0OXQJGRUVDOUHDOL]HD]ăH[WHQVLDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOHúLvQFOLQDUHDHLODWHUDOă
28. Fasciile spatelui:
A. Sunt 3QXFDOăWRUDFRORPEDUăúLLQWHUPHGLDUăDGLQĠDĠLORU
B. )DVFLDWRUDFRORPEDUăHVWHVLWXDWăvQUHJLXQHDORPEDUăúLWRUDFLFăLQIHULRDUă
C. $SRQHXUR]DLQWHUPHGLDUăDGLQĠDĠLORUVHvQVHUăPHGLDOSHDSRIL]HOHWUDQVYHUVDOHDOH
vertebrelor, lateral – pe coaste.
D. )DVFLDQXFDOăHVWHIDVFLDPVSOHQLX
E. )DVFLDQXFDOăVHFRQWLQXăODWHUDOFXIDVFLDVXSHUILFLDOăDJâtului.
29. Fascia WRUDFRORPEDUă:
A. $FRSHUăPXúFKLLVXSHUILFLDOLDLVSDWHOXL
B. La diferite niveluri HVWHGH]YROWDWăXQLIRUP
C. (VWHUHSUH]HQWDWăGH GRXăIRLĠHFDUHIRUPHD]ăWHDFă pentru m.erector spinae.
D. 3HPDUJLQHDODWHUDOăDPEHOHIRLĠHGHYLQFRDOHVFHQWH
E. )RLĠDSURIXQGăVHSDUăPHUHFWRUVSLQDHGH m.patrat lombar.
226 227
30. 0XúFKLLDEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 3HUHWHOHDQWHURODWHUDOHVWHIRUPDWGLQPXúFKLDXWRKWRQL
B. FiecDUHPXúFKLODWDUHSRUĠLXQHPXVFXODUăúLDSRQHXUR]ă
C. 3DUWLFLSăla LQVSLUDĠLH
D. Contribuie la fixarea organelor interne.
E. $XDFĠLXQHDVXSUDFRORDQHLYHUWHEUDOH
31. 0XúFKLXOREOLFH[WHUQDODEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 3RUQHúWHGHSHIDĠDH[WHUQăDXOWLPLORU-8 coaste.
B. Fasciculele OXLSRVWHULRDUHDXSR]LĠLH DSURDSHYHUWLFDOăúLVHiQVHUăSHEX]DLQWHUQăD
crestei iliace.
C. 'LQĠLLOXLVHLQWHUFDOHD]ăFXGLQĠLLPGLQĠDWDQWHULRUúLDi m. mare dorsal.
D. /LJDPHQWXOLQJKLQDOVHUDFRUGHD]ăvQWUHVSLQDLOLDFăLQIHULRDUăúLWXEHUFXOXl pubian.
E. /DQLYHOXOLQVHUĠLHLSHRVul pubian aponeuroza lui IRUPHD]ăGRLSHGXQFXOLVXSHULRUúL
inferior.
32. 0XúFKLXOREOLFLQWHUQDODEGRPHQXOXL:
A. 'LIHUăGHFHOH[WHUQSULQVLWXDĠLHGLPHQVLXQLúLGLUHFĠLDfasciculelor.
B. Ìúi ia originea de la coastele iQIHULRDUHIDVFLDWRUDFRORPEDUăFUHDVWDLOLRQXOXLVSLQD
LOLDFăDQWHURVXSHULRDUăúLSRUĠLXQHDODWHUDOăDOLJDPHQWXOXLLQJKLQDO
C. Fasciculele SRVWHURVXSHULRDUHWUHFGHMRVvQVXVúLVHiQVHUăSHFDUWLODMHOHFRDVWHORU
inferioare.
D. Aponeuroza lui se împarte în GRXăIRLĠHFHFXSULQGPGUHSWDEGRPLQDOSHWRDWăvQWLQGHUHD
lui.
E. )DVFLFXOHOHLQIHULRDUHvPSUHXQăFXFHOHGHYLDWHGHODPREOLFH[WHUQIRUPHD]ăPOHYDWRU
al testiculului.
33. 0XúFKLXOWUDQVYHUV al abdomenului:

A. Este compus dintr-RSDUWHPXVFXODUăúLGRXăDSRQHXURWLFHDQWHULRDUăúLSRVWHULRDUă
B. 3RUQHúWHGHODFRDVWHOHLQIHULRDUHIDVFLDWRUDFRORPEDUăFUHDVWDLOLRQXOXLúLSRUĠLXQHD
ODWHUDOăDOLJDPHQWXOXLLQJKLQDO
C. /DPDUJLQHDODWHUDOăDPGUHSWDEGRPLQDODSRQHXUR]DOXLVHvPSDUWHvQGRXăIRLĠH
D. 2/3 superiRDUHDOHDSRQHXUR]HLvPSUHXQăFXIRLĠDSRVWHULRDUăDDSRQHXUR]HLREOLFXOXL
LQWHUQIRUPHD]ăODPDSRVWHULRDUăDWHFLLPGUHSWDEGRPLQDO
E. /LQLDFRQYH[ăGHWUHFHUHa fibrelor musculare în ceOHDSRQHXURWLFHVHQXPHúWHOLQLH
DUFXDWă
34. 0XúFKLXOGUHSWDEGRPLQal:
A. ÌúLLDRULJLQHa GHSHFUHDVWDSXELDQăúLGHSHVLPIL]DSXELDQă
B. Se iQVHUăSHIDĠDLQWHUQăD[LIRLGXOXLúLIHĠHOHLQWHUQHDOHFDUWLODMHORUFRVWDOH9-VII.
C. &HLGRLGUHSĠLDEGRPLQDOLVXQWVHSDUDĠLSULQWU-XQUDIHXWHQGLQRVQXPLWOLQLDVHPLOXQDUă
D. Este cuprins în teaca m.drept abdominal.
E. )DĠDOXLSRVWHULRDUăDGHUăLQWLPODWHDFă.
35. 7HDFDPXúFKLXOXLUHFWDEGRPLQDOHVWHIRUPDWăGLQ
A. M. oblic abdominal intern
%/LQLDDOEă
&/DPHOHOHDSRQHXUR]HLPXúFKLXOXLREOLFDEGRPLQDOLQWHUQ
D. Aponeuroza m. oblic abdominal extern
($SRQHXUR]DPXúFKLXOXLWUDQVYHUVDEGRPLQDO
228 227
36. Canalul inghinal:
A. 3HUHWHOHLQIHULRUUHSUH]LQWăPDUJLQHDLQIHULRDUăDDSRQHXUR]HLPREOLFLQWHUQ
B. Peretele posterior, format de fascia transversă HVWHvQWăULWGHOLJ,QWHUIRYHRODU
Hesselbach, lig. rHIOH[OLJ+HQOHúLWHQGRQXOFRQMXQFW
C. 7HQGRQXOFRQMXQFWVHORFDOL]HD]ăvQSDUWHDODWHUDOăDSHUHWHOXLVXSHULRUDOFDQDOXOXL
inghinal.
D. Inelul inghinal superficial este delimitat de stâlpii aponeurozei oblicului extern, fibrele
LQWHUFUXUDOHúLOLJUeflex.
E. &DQDOXOLQJKLQDOODIHPHLHVWHPDLVFXUWúLPDLODUJ
37. Inelele inghinale:
A. Localizarea inelului profund corespunde fosei inghinale mediale.
B. La femei sunt mai largi.
C. La nivelul inelului profund are loc trecerea fasciei transversale în fascia spermDWLFă
LQWHUQă
D. /DEăUEDĠLODQLYHOXOLQHOXOXLVXSHUILFLDOGHVHRULVHDIOăREXOăJUăVRDVă
E. Posterior, inelul superficial este format din fibrele ligamentului reflex, provenite din
DSRQHXUR]DREOLFXOXLH[WHUQGLQSDUWHDRSXVă
38. Fosele inghinale:

A. Sunt 6 GHSUHVLXQLGHWHUPLQDWHGHSUH]HQĠDXQRUSOLFLSHULWRQHDOH
B. 3OLFDXPELOLFDOăPHGLDQăVHvQWLQGHGHODXPELOLFODYkUIXOYH]LFLLXULQDUH
C. )RVDVXSUDYH]LFDOăFRUăVSXQGHLQHOXOXLLQJKLQDOVXSHUILFLDO
D. )RVDLQJKLQDOăODWHUDOăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGHSOLFele ombiliFDOHPHGLDOHúLODWHUDOH
E. )RVDLQJKLQDOăPHGLDOăUăVSXQGHSHUHWHOXLSRVWHULRUDOFDQDOXOXLLQJKLQDO
39. Fasciile abdomenului:

A. )DVFLDVXSHUILFLDOăHVWHGH]YROWDWăPDLELQHvQSRUĠLXQLOHHLVXSHULRDUH
B. )DVFLDSURSULHIRUPHD]ăIRLĠHFHDPDLGH]YROWDWăGLQHOHWDSHWHD]ăPREOLFLQWHUQ
C. )RLĠDVXSHUILFLDOăDIDVFLHLSURSULLVHSUHOXQJHúWHvQIDVFLDPOHYDWRUDOWHVWLFXOXOXL
D. )DVFLDWUDQVYHUVDOăHVWHRSRUĠLXQHDIDVFLHLHQGRDEGRPLQDOH
E. )DVFLDWUDQVYHUVDOăHVWHIRUWLILFDWăvQSRUĠLXQHa LQIHULRDUăDOLQLHLDObe de fibre
longitudinale.
40.Triunghiul lombocostal Locuri slabe ale diafragmului

41. Tetragonul Grynfelt Locuri slabe ale peretelui
426SDĠLXOdintre fasciculele sternale ale abdominal anterior
diafragmului Locuri slabe ale peretelui
43. Triunghiul sternocostal abdominal posterior
44/LQLDVHPLOXQDUă
45+LDWXODRUWLFGXSăGHDQL
46.Triunghiul Petit
47)DVFLDWUDQVYHUVDOădiQWUHOLJ+HQOHúL
lig. interfoveolar
48. Triunghiul Volânski
49/LQLDDUFXDWă
228 229
0XúFKLLPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU
I. 6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOH
50. *UXSXOPXúFKLORUFHQWXULLVFDSXODUHLQFOXGH
A. M. levator al scapulei
B. M. supraspinos
C. M. deltoid
D. M. pectoral mic
E. M. subscapular
51. Originea m. deltoid:

A. 7UHLPHDODWHUDOăDFODYLFXOHL
B. Colul chirurgical al humerusului
C. Acromionul
D. Spina scapulei
E. Unghiul superior al scapulei
52. 0XúFKLXOVXEVFDSXODU
A. 2FXSăIRVDVXEVFDSXODUă
B. 7UHFHSRVWHULRUGHFDSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLVFDSXORKXPHUDOH
C. 7HQGRQXOOXLHVWHVHSDUDWGHFDSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLXPăUXOXLSULQWU-REXUVă
D. Este antagonistul m.supraspinos.
E. 7HQGRQXOOXLDGHUăVWUkQVODFDSVXODDUWLFXODĠLHLXPăUXOXL
53. PHUHWHOHSRVWHULRUDOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHHVWHFRQVWLWXLWGLQ
A. M. trapez
B. M. marele dorsal
C.M. infraspinos
D.M. subscapular
E.M. rotund mare
54. 3HUHWHOHPHGLDODOFDYLWăĠLLD[LODUHHVWHIRUPDWGH
$0GLQĠDWPHGLDO
%0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRULQIHULRU
&0GLQĠDWDQWHULRU
D. M. romboid mare
(0GLQĠDWSRVWHULRUVXSHULRU
55. 3HUHWHOHDQWHULRUDOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHHVWHFRQVWLWXLWGLQ
A.M. deltoid
B.M. pectoral mare
C.M. pectoral anterior
D.M. pectoral mic
E.M. biceps brahial
56. Peretele lateral aOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHHVWHFRQVWLWXLWGLQ

A.M. triceps brahial
B.M. pectoral mic
C.M. biceps brahial
'0GLQĠDWDQWHULRU
E.M. coracobrahial
230
229
57. Orificiul trilater este delimitat de :
A. Tendonul capului lung al muúchiului biceps brahial
B. Tendonul capulXLOXQJDOPXúchiului triceps brahial
C. M. rotund mare
D. M. infraspinos
E.M. subscapular
58. Orificiul patrulater este delimitat de :
A.Tendonul capului lung al m. biceps brahial
B. Humerus
C.M. infraspinos
D.M. subscapular
E.M. rotund mare
59. Pe perHWHOHDQWHULRUDOFDYLWDĠLLD[LODUHVHGLVWLQJ
A. Trigonul omoclavicular
B. Trigonul clavipectoral
C. Trigonul deltoideopectoral
D. Trigonul suprapectoral
E. Trigonul subpectoral
60. )XQFĠLLOHPXúFKLORUDQWHULRULDLEUDĠXOXLVHUH]XPăOD
A. Extensia în DUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
%)OH[LDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
&$EGXFĠLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
')OH[LDDQWHULRDUăDEUDĠXOXL
(5RWLUHDEUDĠXOXL
61. 0XúFKLLJUXSXOXLSRVWHULRUDOEUDĠXOXLHIHFWXHD]ă
$$GGXFĠLDEUDĠXOXL
%([WHQVLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDXPăUXOXL
C.$QWHIOH[LDEUDĠXOXL
'([WHQVLDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
()OH[LDvQDUWLFXODĠLDFRWXOXL
62. )RVDFXELWDOăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A.M. coracobrahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. brahioradial
D.M. supinator
E.M. pronator patrat
63. ùDQĠXOFXELWDODQWHULRUODWHUDOHVWHGHlimitat de :
A. M. biceps brahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. triceps brahial
D.M. brahioradial
E.M. pronator rotund
64. ùDQĠul cubital anterior medial este delimitat de :
A.M. coracobrahial
B.M. brahial
C.M. supinator
D.M. brahioradial
E.M. pronator rotund
230 231
65. ùaQĠXOUDGLDOHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
B.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
C.M. flexor radial al carpului
D.M. palmar lung
E.M. brahioradial
66. ùDQĠXOPHGLDQHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor profund al degetelor
B.M. palmar lung
C.M. flexor radial al carpului
D.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
E.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
67. ùDQĠXOXOQDUHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH
A.M. flexor lung al policelui
B.M. flexor profund al policelui
C.M. flexor ulnar al carpului
D.M. pronator patrat
E.M. flexor superficial al degetelor
68. Sub retinaculul extensoriloULQUHJLXQHDFDUSLDQăVHDIOă
A. Canale pentru nervi
B. SpaĠii pentru artere
C. Teci sinoviale pentru tendoanele muúchilor lungi ai antebratului
D. Burse sinoviale
E. Teci fibroase pentru vaVHOLPIDWLFHúLYHQH
69. 0XúFKLLPâiQLLHPLQHQĠa tenară

A. 6HGLVWLQJPXúFKLLSDOPDULGRUVDOLúLLQWHURVRúL
B. 0XúFKLLHPLQHQĠHLWHQDUHVXQWVLWXDĠL în trei planuri.
C. &HOPDLSURIXQGPXúFKLGLQJUXSXOWHQDUHVWHPRSR]DQWDOSROLFHOXOXL
D. 7RĠLPXúFKLLHPLQHQĠHLWHQDUHFXH[FHSĠLDFHOXLDGGXFWRUDOSROLFHOXOXLLDXRULJLQH
pe rândul proximal al oaselor carpiene.
E. M.opozant al policelului se iQVHUăSHSULPXORVPHWDFDUSLDQ
70. 0XúFKLLHPLQHQĠHLKLSRWHQDUH:
A. 6XQWvQQXPăUGHSDWUX
B. M.palmar scurt este inconstant.
C. Cel mai superficial este opozantul degetului mic.
D. CXH[FHSĠLDSDOPDUului VFXUWvúLLDXRULJLQHa de pe retinaculul flexorilor, osul
SL]LIRUPúLRVXOFXFkUOLJ
E. 7RĠLPXúFKLLKLSRWHQDULVHiQVHUăSHIDODQJDSUR[LPDOăDGHJHWXOXLPLF
71. Fasciile membrului superior :

A. ÌQUHJLXQHDXPăUXOXLVHGLVWLQJIDVFLLOHVXSUDVFDSXODUăúLVXEVFDSXODUă
B. )DVFLDLQIUDVSLQRDVăVHvPSDUWHvQIRLĠHFDUHvQYelesc deltoidul.
C. De la IDVFLDEUDKLDOăSRUQHVFVHSWe LQWHUPXVFXODUHDQWHULRUúLSRVWHULRU
D. 3RUĠLXQHDGLVWDOăDIDVFLHLDQWHEUDĠXOXLIRUPHD]ăUHWLQDFXOH
E. ÎQUHJLXQHDDQWHEUDĠXOXLH[LVWă GRXăORMHPXVFXODUHDQWHULRDUăúLSRVWHULRDUă
232 231
72. )DVFLLOHúLDSRQHXUR]HOHPkinii:
A. )DVFLDGRUVDOăHVWHFXPXOWPDLVXEĠLUHGHFâWFHDSDOPDUă
B. 6SDĠLXOGLQWUHHPLQHQĠHle WHQDUăúLKLSRWHQDUăHVWHRFXSDWGHDSRQHXUR]DSDOPDUă
C. $SRQHXUR]DSDOPDUăHVWHIRUPDWăGLQILEUHORQJLWXGLQDOHúLWUDQVYHUVDOH
D. /DED]DRDVHORUPHWDFDUSLHQHILEUHOHWUDQVYHUVDOHDOHDSRQHXUR]HLSDOPDUHIRUPHD]ă
lig.metacarpian superficial.
E. 'HODSRUĠLXQLOHPHGLDOăúLODWHUDOăDOHIDVFLHLSDOPDUHSRUQHVFfascicule care se
iQVHUăSHIDVFLDPXúFKLORULQWHURVRúL
73. Retinaculele membrului superior :
A. Retinaculul flexorilor VHH[WLQGHGHODRDVHOHSL]LIRUPúLcel FXFkUOLJSkQăODVFDIRLG
úLWUDSH]RLG
B. Retinaculul flexorilor WUDQVIRUPăúDQĠXOFDUSDOvQFDQDOXOFDUSDO
C. Prin canalul carpal trec 2 teci sinoviale.
D. Fasciculele retinaculului flexorilor VHGHGXEOHD]ăODWHUDOúLPHGLDOIRUPkQGFDQDOHOH
UDGLDOúLXOQDU ale carpului.
E. 6SDĠLXOVXEUHWLQDFXOXOH[WHQVRUilor este divizat în 4 canale.
74. Canalul caUSDOFRQĠLQHWHFLVLQRYLDOHSHQWUX
A. Tendonul m. flexor ulnar al carpului
B. THQGRDQHOHIOH[RULORUVXSHUILFLDOúLSURIXQGDi degetelor
C. Tendonul m. flexor radial al carpului
D. Tendonul m. flexor lung al policelui
E. Tendonul abductorului lung al policelui
75. 7RSRJUDILDEUDĠXOXL :
A. &DQDOXOQHUYXOXLUDGLDOVHDIOăvQWUHKXPHUXVúLELFHSVXOEUDKLDO
B. Orificiul de iQWUDUHDOFDQDOXOXLUDGLDOVHORFDOL]HD]ăGLQSDUWHDPHGLDOăDEUDĠXOXL
între treimile lui superLRDUăúLPHGLH
C. Limitele orificiului de intrare în canalul radial sunt formate de humerus, capul medial
úLFHOODWHUDODOWULFHSVXOXLEUDKLDO
D. Prin canalul nervului UDGLDOWUHFQHUYXOUDGLDODUWHUDúLYHQDRPRQLPH
E. ùDQĠXULOHELFLSLWDOHVHSDUăUHJLXQHDDQWHULRDUăDEUDĠXOXLGHFHDSRVWHULRDUă
$VRFLDĠLQRĠLXQLOHGLQFRORDQDQXPHULFăFXFHOHGLQFRORDQDDOIDEHWLFă
76. M.deltoid 0HQĠLQe capul humeral în
77. M.subscapular cavitatea gleQRLGă
78. M.supaspinos RotHúWH EUDĠXOvQăXQWUX
79. M.rotund mare Abduce EUDĠXO
80. M.rotund mic RotHúWH EUDĠXOvQDIDUă
81. M.infraspinos
82. M.deltoid
83. M. coracobrahial $GHUăODFDSVXODDUWLFXODUăD
84. M.subscapular XPăUXOXL
85. M.brahial $GHUăODFDSVXODDUWLFXODUăD
86. M.biceps brahial cotului.
87. M.supaspinos Nu DGHUăODFDSVXOHOHDUWLFXODUH
88. M.rotund mare
89. M.triceps brahial
90. M.rotund mic
91. M.infraspinos
232 233
0XúFKLL membrului inferior
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXrile.
92. 0XúFKLLED]LQXOXL:
A. 6XQWIOH[RULH[WHQVRULURWDWRULDEGXFWRULúLDGGXFWRULDLcoapsei.
B. )RUPHD]ăvQMXUXODUWLFXODĠLHLFR[RIHPXUDOHFHDPDLSXWHUQLFăDJORPHUDUH
PXVFXODUăDFRUSXOXL
C. Sunt biarticulari.
D. 6HFODVLILFăvQPHGLDOLúLODWHrali.
E. Se iQVHUăSHHSLIL]DSUR[LPDOăDIHPXUXOXL
93. Fasciile bazinului:
0SVRDVHVWHDFRSHULWGHIDVFLDORPEDUă
B. )DVFLDLOLDFăUHSUH]LQWăFRQWLQXDUHDIDVFLHLORPEDUH
C. 3RUĠLXQHDODWHUDOăDIDVFLHLODWHVHvQGHSăUWHD]ăGHOLJLQJKLQDOIRUPând arcul
iliopectineu.
D. )DVFLDJOXWHDOăVHSDUăPPJOXWHLGHDOĠLPXúFKLH[WHUQLDi bazinului.
E. 'LVWDOIDVFLDJOXWHDOăse FRQWLQXăvQIDVFLDODWăDFRDSVHL
94. Prin orificiul sciatic mare trece :
A.M. obturator intern
B.M. obturator extern
C.M. gluteu mic
D.M. piriform
E.M. iliopsoas
95. Prin orificiul sciatic mic trece :
A.M. piriform
B.M. obturator intern
C.M. obturator extern
D.Mm. gemeni
E. M. psoas mic
96. Canalul obturator este delimitat de:
M.obturator extern
B. M.pectineu
C. Orificiul obturator
D. ùDQWXOREWXUDWRU
E. M.obturator intern
97. Lacuna vasculară VHVHSDUăGHFHDPXVFXODUăSULQ

A.Lig. lacunar
B.Lig. inghinal
C.Lig. reflex
D.Arcul iliopectineu
()DVFLDWUDQVYHUVă
98 0XúFKLLDQWHULRULDi coapsei:
A. Sunt uniartuculari
B. )OHFWHD]ăFRDSVDúLJDPED
C. Sunt cei mai lungi din corpul omului
D. )RUPHD]ăun tendon comun.
E. M.cvadriceps se iQVHUăSHURWXOă.
234 233
99 0XúFKLLSRVWHULRULDi coapsei:
A. Sunt extensori ai coapsei.
B. )OHFWHD]ăJDPED
C. Au origine pe osul iliac.
D. 0ELFHSVDOIHPXUXOXLúLPVHPLWHQGLQRV VXQWURWDWRULVLQHUJLúWLDi gambei.
E. 7RĠLSDUWLFLSăla formarea pes anserinus profundus.
100 0XúFKLLPHGLDOLDi coapsei:
A. 7RĠLVXQWDGGXFWRULDi coapsei.
B. 7RĠLVHiQVHUăSHOLQLDDVSHUDIHPRULV
C. ÌúLLDXRULJLQHa de pe osul pubis.
D. 0JUDĠLRVSDUWLFLSăla formarea pes anserinus superficialis.
E. 0SHFWLQHXSDUWLFLSăODIOH[LDúLDEGXFHUHDFRDSVHL
101 )DVFLDODWă:
A. 3RUĠLXQHDHLSRVWHULRDUăare un caracter tendinos.
B. ÌQSRUĠLXQHDDQWHURVXSHULRDUăVHvPSDUWHvQGRXăIRLĠH
C. /DPHODSURIXQGăHVWHSHUIRUDWăGHKLDWXOVDfen.
D. )RUPHD]ăWHFLSHQWUXFYDGULFHSVúLDGGXFWRUXOPDUH
E. 3RUĠLXQHDei ODWHUDOăVHQXPHúWHWUDFWLOLRWLELDO
102 Canalul adductor este delimitat de :
A.M. adductor mic
B.M. adductor mare
C.M. adductor lung
D.M. vast medial
E.M. vast lateral
103 Canalului femuropopliteu i se disting:

A. 2 pereĠi
%SHUHĠi
C. 2 orificii
D. 3 orificii
E. 2 fisuri
104 Triunghiul femural este delimitat de:
A. M.pectineu
B. M.croitor
C. M.adductor mare
D. Lig.inghinal
E. M.adductor lung
105 În triunghiul femural se deschid :
A. Canalul inghinal
B. Canalul femural
C. Canalul obturator
D. Canalul adductor
E. Canalul cruropopliteu
106 LacunDPXVFXODUăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A. M. iliopsoas
B. M. croitor
C. Osul coxal
D. Lig. lacunar
E. Arcul iliopectineu
234 235
107 LacunDYDVFXODUăHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGe :
A. Vena femurală
B. M. psoas mare
C. Lig. inghinal
D. Lig. pectineal
E. Arcul iliopectineu
108 Inelul femural este delimitat de :
A. Arcul iliopectineu
B. Lig. inghinal
C. Artera femurală
D. Lig. lacunar
E. Lig. pectineal
109 Canalul femural are:
A. 2 pereĠi
%SHUHĠi
&SHUHĠi
D. 2 inele
E. 1 sept
110 FoVDSRSOLWHHHVWHGHOLPLWDWăGH
A. M. plantar
B. M. gastrocnemian
C. M. biceps al coapsei
D. M. soleu
E. M. semimembranos
111 0XúFKLLJDPEHL:
A. 6XQWJUXSDĠLVLPHWULFvQMXUXORDVHORU
B. 6XQWVLWXDĠi în 3 loje separate.
C. 0DMRULWDWHDWHQGRDQHORUORUvúLVFKLPEăGLUHFĠLD
D. 0XúFKLLJUXSXOXLDQWHULRUVXQWH[WHQVRUL ai gambei.
E. În majoritatea lor sunt multiarticulari.
112 3HURQLHUXODOWUHLOHDUHSUH]LQWăRSRUĠLXQHDPXúFKLXOXL
A. Tibial anterior
B. Peronier lung
C. Tibial posterior
D. Peronier scurt
E. Extensor lung al degetelor
113 &RPSRQHQWHOHODQĠXOXLDQWLJUDYLWDĠLRQDO:
A. M.iliac
B. M.gluteu mare
C. M.popliteu
D. M.triceps sural
E. M.cvadriceps al coapsei
114 Fascia gambei:
A. &RQFUHúWHFXFUHDVWDDQWHULRDUăúLIDĠDPHGLDOăDWLELHi.
B. Trimite 2 septe intermusculare: medial úLODWHUDO
C. )RUPHD]ăUHWLQDFXOHDOIOH[RULORUúLDOH[WHQVRULORU
D. /DPHODHLSURIXQGăVHSDUăPJDVWURFQHPLDQGHFHOVROHar.
E. 6SDĠLXOdintre tendonul lui $KLOHúLODPHODSURIXQGăDIDVFLHLFRQĠLQHĠHVXW celuloadipos.
236 235
115 Retinaculele, formate de fascia crurală
A. Retinaculul extensorilor úLFHOal flexorilor au câWHGRXăSRUĠLXQLVXSHULRDUăúLLQIHULRDUă
B. Sub retinaculul flexorilor VHIRUPHD]ăGRXăcanale osteofibroase.
C. 9DVHOHWLELDOHSRVWHULRDUHúLQHUYXOWLELDOWrec printr-o WHDFă VHSDUDWă
D. 3RVWHULRUGHPDOHRODODWHUDOăVHIRUPHD]ăGRXăUHWLQDFXOHSHURQLHUH
E. Sub retinaculul inferior aOH[WHQVRULORUVHDIOăFDQDOHRVWHRILEURDVH
116 Canalul musculoperonier superior este format de :

A.Tibie
%)LEXOă
C.M. solear
D.M. peronier lung
E.M. flexor lung al halucelui
117 Canalul musculoperonier inferior este format de :
A.M. tibial posterior
%)LEXOă
C.M. flexor lung al halucelui
D.M. peronier lung
(0SHURQHXVWHUĠLXV
118 Canalul cruropopliteu este format de :

A.Tibie
B.M. tibial anterior
C.M. gastrocnemian
D.M. solear
E.M. tibial posterior
0XúFKLLFRDSVHL: Grup muscular :

119. Semimembranos A. Medial
120. Cvadriceps B. Anterior
121.Biceps femural C. Posterior
122. Semitendinos
123. Pectinat
124. *UDĠLRV
125. Croitor
126. Adductor mare
0XúFKLLED]LQXOXL: $FĠLXQHD:
127. Gluteu mare A. Flexia coapsei
128. Piriform B. Extensia coapsei
129. Obturator intern C. $EGXFĠLDFRDSVHL
130. Gluteu mediu D. $GGXFĠLDFRDSVHL
131. Patrat al femurului E. 5RWDĠLDcoapsei vQăXQWUX
132. Gemeni F. 5RWDĠLDcoapsei vQDIDUă
133. Obturator extern
134. Iliopsoas
135. Tensor al fasciei late
236 237
)RUPDĠLXQLWRSRJUDILFe : Localizarea :
136. Canalul Pirogov A. &RDSVă
137. Canalul femural B. *DPEă
138. Canalul cruropopliteu C. Picior
139. Hiatul safen
140. Canalul adductor
141. Triunghiul Scarpa
0XúFKLLFDSXOXLúLJkWXOXL
,6HOHFWDĠLúLQRWDĠLDILUPDĠLLOHFRUHFWHDUJXPHQWDĠLUăVSXQVXULOH
142. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORUFDSXOXL:
A. 0XúFKLLSHQDĠi
%0XúFKLLPLPLFL
&0XúFKLLELYHQWHUL
'0XúFKLLPDVWLFDWRUL
(0XúFKLLDQWDJRQLúWL
143. ,QVHUĠLDPXúFKLORUPLPLFL:
A. ÌQIDVFLDVXSHUILFLDOă
B. În aponeuroze
C. În piele
D. Pe ligamente
(3HWHQGRDQHOHPXúFKLORUPDVWLFDWRUL
144. ,QVHUĠLDPXúFKLORUPDVWLFDWRUL:
$3HPD[LOă
B. Pe osul occipital
&3HPDQGLEXOă
D. Pe osul hioid
E. Pe osul temporal
145. 0XúFKLLFDSXOXLDFRSHULĠLGH fascii:
A. M.temporal
B. M.mental
C. M.buccinator
D. M.pterigoid lateral
E. M.maseter
146. &ODVLILFDUHDPXúFKLORUJkWXOXL:
A. Muúchi anteriori
%0Xúchii superficiali
C. MXúchi scurĠi
'0Xúchi profunzi
(0Xúchi fusiformi
147. 0XúFKi superficiali ai gâtului sunt :

A. Suprahioidienii
B. Scalenii
C. Sternocleidomastoidianul
D. M. lung al gâtului
E. M. pielos al gâtului
238 237
148. Triunghiul medial al gâtului include triunghiurile :
A. Clavipectoral
B. Submandibular
C. Carotid
D. Omoclavicular
E. Omotraheal
149. *UXSXOPXúFKLORUSURIunzi ai gâtului include :
A. Muschii infrahioidieni
%0XVFKLLOXQJLDOFDSXOXLúLDOJkWXOXL
C. Muschii scaleni
D. Muschiul digastric
E. Muschii drepĠi anterior si lateral
150. Triunghiul lateral al gâtului include :

A. Trigonul omohioidian
B. Trigonul omotrapezoidian
C. Trigonul clavipectoral
D. Trigonul omoclavicular
E. Trigonul omotraheal
151. Spatii interfasciale ale gâtului sunt :

A. Interscalen
B. Interaponeurotic suprasternal
C. Antescalen
D. Previsceral
E. Retrovisceral
152. 6SDĠLXOLQWHUVFDOHQHVWHGHOLPLWDWGH:
A. M. sternocleidomastoidian úLVFDOHQDQWHULRU
B. 0VFDOHQPHGLXúLPOXQJDOJkWXOXL
C. 0PVFDOHQLDQWHULRUúLPHGLX
D. 0PVFDOHQLPHGLXúLSRVWHULRU
E. 0VFDOHQSRVWHULRUúLPOXQJDOJkWXOXL
238 239
Bibliografia UHFRPDQGDWă
6XUVHGHED]ă
1. &DWHUHQLXF , ùWHIDQHĠ 0 *ORED / /XSDúFX 7 %DWkU ' 7LWRY 7 %ROGXPD '
&XOHJHUHGHVFKHPHODDQDWRPLDRPXOXL&KLúLQăX
2. /XSDúFX 7 1RĠLXQL GH DQDWRPLH SH YLX SHQWUX OXFUăULOH GH ODERUDWRU OD DQDWRPLD
aparatului locomotor (manuscris).
3. Papilian V. Anatomia omului, v. I, Aparatul locomotor%XFXUHúWL
4. Sapin M. R. Anatomia omuluiY,&KLúLQăX
5. Sinelnicov R. D., Sinelnicov Ia. R. Atlas de anatomia omului, v. I (oricare ed.)
6. ùWHIDQHĠ0. Anatomia omuluiY,&KLúLQăX
7. Materialele prelegerilor (conspect).
Surse suplimentare
1. Andronescu A. Anatomia copilului%XFXUHúWL

2. Bordei P., Ulmeanu D. $QDWRPLDGHVFULSWLYăDPHPEUXOXLVXSHULRU&RQVWDQĠD
3. Bordei P., Ulmeanu D. Anatomia descrLSWLYăDPHPEUXOXLLQIHULRU&RQVWDQĠD
4. &HUEXOHVFX & ,IULP 0 0DURú 7 1LFXOHVFX *K. $WODV GH DQDWRPLH XPDQă. v. I,
%XFXUHúWL
5. Diaconescu N., Rottenberg N., Niculescu V. 1RĠLXQL GH DQDWRPLH SUDFWLFă 7LPLúRDUD
1979.
6. Drake R. L. Vogl W., Mitchell A. W. M. Gray´s Anatomy for Students. Philadelphia.
Toronto, 2005.
7. Drake R. L. Vogl A.W., Mitchell A. W. M., Tibbitts R.M., Richardson P. E. Gray´s Atlas of
Anatomy. Elsevier, 2008.
8. Gray´s Anatomy, 39-th ed. Edinburgh... Toronto, 2005.
9. Gray´s Anatomy, 40-th ed. Edinburgh... Elsevier Limited, 2008.
10. Ifrim M., Niculescu Gh. Compendiu de anatomie%XFXUHúWL
11. ,IULP0$QGULHú9%UDWX'. Anatomia omului&KLúLQăX
12. Kahle W., Leonhardt H., Platzer W. Anatomie, apparel locomotor. v. I, Paris, 1982.
13. /kVHQNRY 1 . %XúNRYLFL 9 , Prives M. G. 0DQXDO GH DQDWRPLH QRUPDOă D RPXOXL.
&KLúLQăX
14. Lumley J. S. P. Surface Anatomy. Edinburgh... Toronto, 2002.
15. Moore K. L., Dalley A. F. Clinical oriented Anatomy. Philadelphia... Tokyo, 1999.
16. Niculescu V., IIULP0$QGULHú91LFXOHVFX0&. $QDWRPLDFDSXOXLúLJkWXOXL&KLúLQăX
2007.
17. ùWHIDQHĠ0ùWHIDQHĠ,&DWHUHQLXF, $QDWRPLDSUHYHQWLYăY,&KLúLQăX
18. ùWHIDQHĠ0ùWHIDQHĠ, Anatomiɟ SUHYHQWLYă&KLúLQăX
19. ɄɢɪɩɚɬɨɜɫɤɢɣɂȾȻɨɱɚɪɨɜȼə ɊɟɥɶɟɮɧɚɹɚɧɚɬɨɦɢɹɆ
20. ɄɪɚɟɜȺȼ ȺɧɚɬɨɦɢɹɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɌ,Ɇ
21. ɉɪɢɜɟɫɆȽɅɵɫɟɧɤɨɜɇɄȻɭɲɤɨɜɢɱȼɇ ȺɧɚɬɨɦɢɹɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɆ
22. ɋɚɩɢɧɆɊȻɢɥɢɱȽɅ ȺɧɚɬɨɦɢɹɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɆ
240 239
CUPRINS
Lucrarea nr. 1...................................................................................................1

Lucrarea nr. 2...................................................................................................6
Lucrarea nr. 3...................................................................................................11
Lucrarea nr. 4...................................................................................................19
Lucrarea nr. 5...................................................................................................27
Lucrarea nr. 6...................................................................................................34
Lucrarea nr. 7...................................................................................................41
Lucrarea nr. 8...................................................................................................48
Lucrarea nr. 9...................................................................................................55
Lucrarea nr. 10.................................................................................................60
Lucrarea nr. 11.................................................................................................65
Lucrarea nr. 12.................................................................................................71
Lucrarea nr. 13.................................................................................................77
Lucrarea nr. 15.................................................................................................83
Lucrarea nr. 16.................................................................................................89
Lucrarea nr. 17.................................................................................................94
Lucrarea nr. 18.................................................................................................99
Lucrarea nr. 19.................................................................................................106
Lucrarea nr. 20.................................................................................................113
Lucrarea nr. 21.................................................................................................120
Lucrarea nr. 22.................................................................................................127
Lucrarea nr. 23.................................................................................................132
Lucrarea nr. 24.................................................................................................136
Lucrarea nr. 25.................................................................................................142
Lucrarea nr. 26.................................................................................................147
Lucrarea nr. 27.................................................................................................152
Lucrarea nr. 28.................................................................................................161
Lucrarea nr. 29.................................................................................................164
Lucrarea nr. 30.................................................................................................167
Lucrarea nr. 31.................................................................................................172
Anexa I. Chestionarul .....................................................................................176
Anexa II, Teste .................................................................................................190
%LEOLRJUDILDUHFRPDQGDWă................................................................................239
240

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Lucrări Practice. V.I

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Lucrări practice la T.

Anatomia Omului L. Globa,

Ghid pentru autoinstruire

I. Aparatul locomotor Chişinău, 2009

Aprobat de Consiliul Metodic Central al USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu”,

Scopul: Familiarizarea cu elementele de orientare ale corpului omenesc, limbajul

3. (ODERUDĠLFODVLILFDrea elementelor de orientare ale corpului omenesc.

11. 6HOHFWDĠL testele (Anexa 2) referitoare la tema nr.1 úLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUH SULYLQGFHOHVWXGLDWHREĠLQXWHvQXUPDGLVFXĠLLORUDVXSUDWHPHL

&RQWUROXOUHDOL]ăULLOXFUăULL (aprecieri, sugestii, recomandDĠLL

Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULFHSHULORU úL D GHSULQGHULORU vQ GRPHQLXO RVWHRORJLHL

11. Din chestionar (Anexa 1) selectaĠLVXELHFWHOHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUDOHJHĠLGLQFRPSOHWXO

18. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHSULYLQGD RVXOFDRUJDQúLIXQFĠLLOHOXL; b) dezvoltarea oaselor; c)

19. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUúLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: 3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOH PRUIRORJLFHDOHYHUWHEUHORUGLQGLYHUVHVHJPHQWHDOHFRORDQHL

6. $GQRWDĠLILJQRWDĠLHOHPHQWHOHGHVFULSWLYHDle piesei osoase, reprezentate în imagine.

23. 'HQXPLĠLOLQLLOHRUizontale, trasate pe imaginea din fig. 10 A úLQRWDĠLYHUWHEUHOHFDUHSRWIL

26. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHla temele:

27. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

1. Din chestionar (Anexa 1 VHOHFWDĠLVXELHFWHOHWHRUHWLFHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUVWXGLDĠL-le cu

10. (QXPHUDĠLFDUDFWHUHOHSDUWLFXODUHDOHFRDVWHORUDWLSLFH ,,,;,;,, VSHFLILFHSHQWUXILHFDUH

25. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

27. &RQWURODĠL-YăDELOLWăĠLOHSULYLQGGHPRQVWUDUHDSUH]HQWDUHDRUDOăVDXvQVFULs a celor studiate.

Tema: Scheletul membrului superior liber. Explorarea pe viu a oaselor membrului

10. (QXPHUDĠLHOHPHQWHOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOH UDGLXVXOXLúLXOQHLSDOSDELOHSHYLX

21. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDtele.

Tema: Oasele centurii pelviene. Femurul.

a. Segmentele scheletului membrului inferior.

9. $GQRWDĠLILJVFULHĠLSHLPDJLQHGHQXPLULOHelementelor descriptive, marcate prin linii.

20. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Scopul: ,QRFXODUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH VWUXFWXUD GH]YROWDUHD DQRPDOLLOH VSHFLILFXO

0RWLYDĠLD: &XQRúWLQĠHOH SULYLQGFRPSRQHQWHOHWHPHLVXQWQHFHVDUHSHQWUXVWXGLHUHDXOWHULRDUă

11. $GQRWDĠLILJFRPSOHWDĠLLPDJLQHDFXWHUPHQLi respectivi.

21. 5H]ROYDĠLWHVWHOH UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

22. Care ar fi concluziile privind materialele studiate?

Tema: Craniul – JHQHUDOLWăĠL FRPSRQHQWHOH úL FRPSDUWLPHQWHOH OXL 2DVHOH FUDQLXOXL

Scopul: ÌQVXúLUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH VWUXFWXUDOH DOH RDVHORU FUDQLXOXL

1. 6WXGLDĠLFXDWHQĠLHFRPSRQHQWHOHWHPHLFRQIUXQWkQGX-le cu subiectele din chestionar (Anexa

4. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLSHLPagine craniul cerebral, craniul YLVFHUDOEROWDúLED]DFUDQLXOXL

12. 5HSURGXFHĠLGLQÄ&XOHJHUHDGHVFKHPH´VFKHPD FHQWULORUGHRVLILFDUHDRFFLSLWDOXOXLQRWDĠL

16. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPDÄ3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRaselor craniului”.

17. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDGDWăUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: Oasele craniului cerebral – VIHQRLGXOúLHWPRLGXO– VWUXFWXUăH[SORUDUHSHYLX

a. Osul sfenoid – DúH]DUHSăUĠLFRQVWLWXWLYHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO

1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1 VXELHFWHOH UHIHULWRDUH OD WHPă FRQIUXQWDĠL-le cu

2. ÌQWRFPLĠLúLSUH]HQWDĠLJUDILFVWUXFWXUDORJLFăa componentelor temei.

16. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH Anexa 2 UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

18. &RQWURODĠL-YăDELOLWDWHDGH DGHPRQVWUDúLUHODWDFHOHVWXGLDWH

Tema: Osul temporal – VWUXFWXUăúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX

Scopul: ,QRFXODUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH ORFDOL]DUHD SăUĠLOH FRPSRQHQWH úL VWUXFWXUD

0RWLYDĠLD: 3ULFHSHUHD PRUIRORJLHL WHPSRUDOXOXL HVWH LQGLVSHQVDELOă VWXGLHULL DQDWRPLHL

13. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: Oasele craniului facial – VWUXFWXUăúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX

a. Craniul facial (viscerocraniul) – componente, rROIXQFĠLRQDO

Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULYLQG ORFDOL]DUHD FRPSRQHQĠD SR]LĠLD DQDWRPLFă

1. &RQVXOWDĠL FKHVWLRQDUXO Anexa 1  VHOHFWDĠL VXELHFWHOH UHIHULWRDUH OD WHPă FRPSDUDĠL-le cu

18. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D)UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: Craniul în ansamblu.

1. 6HOHFWDĠLGLQFKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1 VXELHFWHOHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPăFRPSDUDĠL-OHFXFRQĠLQXWXO

7. 1RWDĠLIRUPDĠLXQLOHFDUHVHSDUăIRVHOHHQGRED]HLFUaniului una de alta.

10. (QXPHUDĠL FRPXQLFăULOH IRVHORU HQGRED]HL FUDQLXOXL LQGLFDĠL IRUPDĠLXQLOH QHXURYDVFXODUH

19. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH $QH[D)UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]ultatele.

23. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUHFXSULYLUHODWHPD GDWă

11. 6HOHFWDĠL testele (Anexa 2) referitoare la tema nr.1 úLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

14. ,QIRUPDĠLLVXSOLPHQWDUH SULYLQGFHOHVWXGLDWHREĠLQXWHvQXUPDGLVFXĠLLORUDVXSUDWHPHL

Scopul: )RUPDUHD FRPSHWHQĠHORU SULFHSHULORU úL D GHSULQGHULORU vQ GRPHQLXO RVWHRORJLHL

11. Din chestionar (Anexa 1) selectaĠLVXELHFWHOHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUDOHJHĠLGLQFRPSOHWXO

18. (ODERUDĠLUHIHUDWHVXFFLQWHSULYLQGDRVXOFDRUJDQúLIXQFĠLLOHOXL; b) dezvoltarea oaselor; c)

19. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUúLUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

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23. 'HQXPLĠLOLQLLOHRUizontale, trasate pe imaginea din fig. 10 A úLQRWDĠLYHUWHEUHOHFDUHSRWIL

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1. Din chestionar (Anexa 1VHOHFWDĠLVXELHFWHOHWHRUHWLFHUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUVWXGLDĠL-le cu

10. (QXPHUDĠLFDUDFWHUHOHSDUWLFXODUHDOHFRDVWHORUDWLSLFH,,,;,;,,VSHFLILFHSHQWUXILHFDUH

25. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[D UHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

27. &RQWURODĠL-YăDELOLWăĠLOHSULYLQGGHPRQVWUDUHDSUH]HQWDUHDRUDOăVDXvQVFULs a celor studiate.

10. (QXPHUDĠLHOHPHQWHOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOH UDGLXVXOXLúLXOQHLSDOSDELOHSHYLX

21. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[DUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDtele.

9. $GQRWDĠLILJVFULHĠLSHLPDJLQHGHQXPLULOHelementelor descriptive, marcate prin linii.

20. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[DUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDQUUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Scopul: ,QRFXODUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH VWUXFWXUD GH]YROWDUHD DQRPDOLLOH VSHFLILFXO

11. $GQRWDĠLILJFRPSOHWDĠLLPDJLQHDFXWHUPHQLi respectivi.

21. 5H]ROYDĠLWHVWHOH UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: Craniul – JHQHUDOLWăĠL FRPSRQHQWHOH úL FRPSDUWLPHQWHOH OXL 2DVHOH FUDQLXOXL

Scopul: ÌQVXúLUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH SDUWLFXODULWăĠLOH VWUXFWXUDOH DOH RDVHORU FUDQLXOXL

4. $GQRWDĠLILJLQGLFDĠLSHLPagine craniul cerebral, craniul YLVFHUDOEROWDúLED]DFUDQLXOXL

12. 5HSURGXFHĠLGLQÄ&XOHJHUHDGHVFKHPH´VFKHPD FHQWULORUGHRVLILFDUHDRFFLSLWDOXOXLQRWDĠL

16. (ODERUDĠLXQUHIHUDWVXFFLQWODWHPDÄ3DUWLFXODULWăĠLOHVWUXFWXUDOHDOHRaselor craniului”.

17. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOH$QH[DUHIHULWRDUHODWHPDGDWăUH]ROYDĠL-OHúLQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

Tema: Oasele craniului cerebral – VIHQRLGXOúLHWPRLGXO– VWUXFWXUăH[SORUDUHSHYLX

a. Osul sfenoid – DúH]DUHSăUĠLFRQVWLWXWLYHSR]LĠLHDQDWRPLFăVWUXFWXUăUROIXQFĠLRQDO

1. 6HOHFWDĠL GLQ FKHVWLRQDU Anexa 1 VXELHFWHOH UHIHULWRDUH OD WHPă FRQIUXQWDĠL-le cu

16. 6HOHFWDĠLWHVWHOHAnexa 2UHIHULWRDUHODWHPăUH]ROYDĠL-OHQRWDĠLUH]XOWDWHOH

18. &RQWURODĠL-YăDELOLWDWHDGH DGHPRQVWUDúLUHODWDFHOHVWXGLDWH

Tema: Osul temporal – VWUXFWXUăúLH[SORUDUHSHYLX

Scopul: ,QRFXODUHD FXQRúWLQĠHORU GHVSUH ORFDOL]DUHD SăUĠLOH FRPSRQHQWH úL VWUXFWXUD

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