REACTIVE VS PROACTIVE POLICE
1. Discuss the contributions of the English police system to the American system of policing?
As you may know, the first colonial settlers who came to America were most of them English. This means it was the English who brought with them the Peel law enforcement system. But later Americans modified this system since there are physical and cultural environment differences with England.
History informs us that in 1844, New York was the first American city to model a police department along the Peel law enforcement principals.
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2. Do police really have a daily perception of violence? Explain your response?
Of course they do. And their perceptions are important for two reasons. First of all, the police are in daily and regular contact with criminals, observe violence and have much more accurate perceptions of the criminal rate variations. Second, they are the people most likely to translate perceptions of growing violent/non-violent crime into formal charges.
The police can report increase of violent, the nature of increase, causes and consequences of such increase and even the quality of violent crime (violent/criminal people are much more able to use the weapon to commit crimes). The police can also share perceptions about the justice system to respond to violence.
3. Distinguish between a proactive and reactive police agency. What major characteristics identify the proactive police agency?
We talk about Reactive Police Agency when the police respond to specific requests from individuals/groups in the community which encompasses immediate response to calls and follow-up investigations.
The Proactive Police Agency is when the police are acting on their own initiative, in order to develop information about crime as well as strategies for suppression. For example, a police officer reactively responding to a dispatched call could, nonetheless, resolve the issue proactively by mediating between the parties or using informal action. Similarly, in contrast to routine patrol, the directed patrol involves officers being instructed to monitor specific areas that are identified through problem/crime analysis when they are not responding to dispatch calls. Directed patrol is more proactive than random preventative patrol, but it still lacks the component of problem oriented policing that engages the community in resolving crime issues. Also proactive policing results in more arrests, detention and filing of reports than reactive policing.
4. What management and personnel skills does a supervisor need?
A supervisor should be able to:
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- Assign duties, designated posts to station personnel
- Explain police operations to subordinates, including general orders and instructions, as well as situations/conditions that require attention.
- Inform the personnel of changes in regulations and policies, implications of new or amended laws, new techniques of police work
- Investigate charges of inefficiency/neglect of duty against personnel
- Take disciplinary action when needed
- Maintain logs to account for unit daily and monthly activities
- Assure proper preparation and transmittal of required reports
- Follow instructions
- Reason well
- Learn quickly
- Know the meaning of words/ideas
- Present information effectively
- Direct, control, and plan entire activity/activities of others
- Rate information by using personal judgment/measurable standards
- Deal with people beyond giving and receiving instructions
- Work under stress
- Communicate well, both orally and in writing
- Be comfortable in activities involving business contact with people, recognition or appreciation by others
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