Q)Explain the relation between relative humidity & temperature.

(4)

Relative humdity is the ratio between the actual amount of water vapour present in the
atmosphere at a given temperature & the maximum amount of water vapour that the
atmosphere can retain at that temperature & is expressed as a percentage.
We know, A.P.=K*D*T
where,A.P.=atmospheric pressure;K=constant;D=density & T=Temperautre
temperature is the index of heat contained in a substance.thus,when temperature
increases density of air mass decreases so does the atmospheric pressure.Since,we are
concerned with water vapour so vapour pressure would be a more appropiate
term,Hence,it is the actual vapour pressure expressed as the percentage of saturation
vapour pressure which would be possible at the same temperature.it(relative Humidity) is
concerned with 2 variables:-
a)actual water vapour in a given mas of air;
b)Temperature of that mass of air,since this determines the capacity of the air to hold
water vapour.this implies high temperature which is indicative of high latent heat supply
by water vapour which it contains to the amount of 2260 Joules/gram of water vapour.this
results in volumetric expansion of the water vapour containing airmass as a result the
actual vapour pressure decreases since the individual atoms/molecules of water vapour is
exerting pressure over a large area rather than on a smaller surface area of the Earth's
surface,which would have resulted in high actual vapour pressure.So,the gap or difference
between actual vapour pressure & saturation vapour pressure increases resulting in low
relative humidity.
Relative humidity is low during the day & high during the night.this is because the
gravitational pull overpowers all other forces(resulting in expansion) & results in
compression of water vapour molecules & low temperature minima at night due to
absence of sun favours the reduction of gap between actual vapour pressure & saturation
vapour pressure,as a result relative humidity increases.The water molecules are now
exerting pressure because of the small surface area over which it is operating than during
the day time.