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CHEMISTRY -1-
2n+2-m-x+z
I = Where I = index of hydrogen deficiency
CH3
Ex C4H10 H3C &
H3C CH3
CH3 H3C
CH3
Ex C5H12 H3C CH3 H3C
H3C
CH3 CH3
CH3
H3 C CH3
CH3
Ex C6H14 CH3
H3C H3C CH3
CH3 CH3
H3C CH3
CH3 H3 C
H3C
CH3
Step-3 :-Find all possible functional group for the given molecular formula using index of
hydrogen deficiency.
Ex C3H6O here index =(2X3+2-6)/2 =1
Index 1 means 1 pi bond or one cycles.
Let there is 1 Pi bond
1. pi with c=c then O must be as --OH or --OR
OH
OH CH3
H2C CH3
a H2C CH3 HO c H2C O
b
d
here b & C are unstable as they are enol and not counted as isomers.
2 . pi with c=O then C must be as ------R
O
O
H3C
H3C a CH3 b
H
Let there is one cycle .
The cycle may be with carbon only as cyclopropane ,
Or the cycle may include O also as below.
O O
CH3
a c
b
4 Arrange all possible functional groups on all possible carbon chains.and remove the
structures with unstable functional groups.For above given problem the total structural
isomers possible are …………………..
O
OH CH3 O
H2C H2C O H3C
a b d
c H
H3C CH3
OH
O O
e CH3
f
g