Phil, lets say I had a gold nugget from panning and I wanted to refine it. Since it is about16 to 18.5k gold I would most likely inquart it, (melt it with silver to lower karatmelt it with silver to lower karat), (at18% I might be able to just use nitric without inquarting, but to insure I got all the basemetals, I would “quarter” the gold with silver).
(NOTE: To inquart gold: 75% silver 25% gold. Melt together in a melting dish, and drop into metal bowl (NOTE: To inquart gold: 75% silver 25% gold. Melt together in a melting dish, and drop into metal bowl with cold water to form “flakes”. See Steve’s video. Then follow the procedurewith cold water to form “flakes”. See Steve’s video. Then follow the procedure s stated below.) s stated below.)
1)Process inquarted gold thru Nitric solutionProcess inquarted gold thru Nitric solution. (50% water / 50% acid50% water / 50% acid. Heat if necessary) Now nitric can get down under the gold andattack the base metalsattack the base metals. Depending on howmuch silver I added, gold would be either brown powder or a much pitted nugget of gold.2)After reaction stops, allow to settle; decant nitric from goldAfter reaction stops, allow to settle; decant nitric from gold.To the nitric acid,after decanted from goldafter decanted from gold,add Hydrochloric acidadd Hydrochloric acidto “get back”, (dropdrop)the silver out of it as silver chloride. (Set aside for time being).3)Dissolve gold in AR solutionDissolve gold in AR solution. (80% HCI / 20% Nitric. Apply heat)
( ( Hoke states, 4 fl oz HCI (muratic acid) + 1fl oz HNO3 (nitric acid) will dissolve 1 troy oz of gold. This is Hoke states, 4 fl oz HCI (muratic acid) + 1fl oz HNO3 (nitric acid) will dissolve 1 troy oz of gold. This is equivalent to 31ml of HCI + 8ml of HNO3 per gm of gold.)equivalent to 31ml of HCI + 8ml of HNO3 per gm of gold.)
The gold would then be dissolved in Aqua Regia, best toonly useonly usethe amount of nitricneeded to get gold completely dissolved with heat. No need to use urea, I do not use urea;insteadinsteadI boil the Aqua Regia down to almost syrup (not to crystalsnot to crystals).4)Boil off nitric acidBoil off nitric acid before beforedropping gold with SMBdropping gold with SMB.Carefully watch first boil! What happens is, the nitric in solution gets concentrated andwill try and foam over atatthe most concentrated point, if you watch it, after boiling for awhile you will see foam bubbles forming around top of liquid; at this pointlower lower heat,waitwaituntil this point of concentration is passed, then you canraiseraiseheat.Once you have syrup, add some HCl to wet solution and boil it again to syrup. Do this for a total of three timesthree times, in order to eliminate nitric acid from the aqua regia solution (noneed to use urea). Now we can add 3 times the water. This will dilute the acid to where the silver chloridethat it held, (this is some Ag that was still in the goldthis is some Ag that was still in the gold), will come down as white cottagecheese; let solution sit overnight and decant solution from silver chloride powder. Nowwe can precipitate the gold from this yellow solution.
Butcher
5)Precipitate gold with SMBPrecipitate gold with SMB NOTE: NOTE:Filter the solutionFilter the solutionBEFOREBEFORE precipitating gold with SMB precipitating gold with SMB!!
leavemealone, post re: what is my wrong?
Typically you want to use an equal amount of SMB, as the amount of gold you estimate in your solution IE: if you figure there’sroughly3 grams of gold3 grams of gold, use3 grams of 3 grams of SMBSMB, then test your solution after decanting. (If using copperas you need to double that figure.)
Johnny
The SMB can be used dry or wet it works either way.The key is to use enough SMB to reduce all the gold to a metallic state. This usuallyrequires1 gram of SMB per gram of gold1 gram of SMB per gram of goldto be reduced as a general rule of thumb. If youdon't get all the chlorine (HCl-Cl reaction) or nitrate (AR reaction) out of the solution theamount of SMB needed could increase, typically not more than double the amount of gold expected.If you want to use water with your SMB, the solubility of SMB in water at 20C is 47 g per 100 mL, so a pint of 20 C water (473 mL) can hold enough SMB when saturated toreduce ( 47 x 4.73) 222.3 grams of gold at optimal conditions.
Steve
As for adding SMB, I, I
alwaysalways
add my SMB dry with lots of swirling of the beaker or add my SMB dry with lots of swirling of the beaker or stirring with a glass rodstirring with a glass rod. Stannous tests afterward proves the gold is all precipitated.Just two days ago the temperature outside was below 40F (~4C) at dusk. I precipitated a batch of gold from solution, outside in the cold, with solid SMB in less than 2 minutes. Iadded the SMB and swirled the flask, within one minute the solution turned dark brown.Within 1 hour all the gold had settled nicely. The solution was filtered outside and wascompletely cooled. Expect a slight delay of less than 2 minutes before the solutionchanges to clear then brown.I find that theremoval of oxidizersremoval of oxidizersfrom the gold solution to be the most important factor when using SMB. All the free chlorine or NOx should be removed before adding drySMB. If you add a small amount of SMB and brown powder forms then re-dissolves, youhave free oxidizers in the solution.Add small amounts of dry SMB with stirring, let it all dissolve, then add more if necessary. Test with stannous once the brown cloud or sponge of gold settles.
Steve Re: Best way to use SMB Re: Best way to use SMB
I use mine dry. Gold precipitates as a brown powder if thesolution is clean, and a more black colored if the solution is dirty. I never check pH whenusing SMB.
Steve
Thank you Steve for your reply. I have seen the SMB precipitate out of solution as awhite powder by a metallurgist in Las Vegas on my chlorine solution. In your opinioncan it precipitate as a gold chloride?Joyce if the solution contains copper II chloride and you add SMB, you will get an off white to grey collared precipitate of copper I chloride along with your gold.This contamination dissolves easily with warm HCl.
Steve
WASHING THE GOLD POWDER AFTER USING SMB
– post by lazersteve1) After precipitating the gold with SMB, test for gold in solution with stannous chloride,if present (purple swab) add more SMB until test is negative.Here's how stannous looks to Gold, Platinum, and Palladium
Note the color of the results will be lighter if the concentration is low. The colors willalso vary if you have several of the metals in the same solution.
1.Let the gold powder settle to the bottom of the beaker over night.2.Siphon or gently pour off the used SMB solution into an old milk jug labelledUsed SMB. Save in your stock pot or properly dispose of.3.The gold powder stays in the same beaker you precipitated it in.4.Add just enough water to cover the gold powder and boil for 5 minutes.5.Let settle and pour or siphon off the water into the stock pot.6.Repeat three times.7.Add just enough muriatic acid to cover the gold powder.8.Boil for 5 minutes and pour or siphon off into the stock pot after testing withstannous. If gold is present keep in separate beaker to precipitate later.9.Repeat until the acid is no longer discolored by the process.10.Repeat the water rinse as above.
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