1.

2.
3.
4.
5.
6.

Turbulence cause by frictional force is produced. (Just like blowing a bottle)

The centrifugal force attempts to throw fluids molecules out of their orbits.
The fluids molecules are drawn from the U-shaped tube by frictional force.
When the fluid moves faster, the turbulence is stronger.
The centrifugal force is also stronger.
More of the fluids molecules are drawn from the U-shaped tube.

Because of gravity, the frictional force is always present and active which creates the invisible actions
described above and cause low pressure which lifts the liquid in the U-shaped tubes. The liquid levels do not
indicate the pressure of the moving fluid . Bernoullis Principle stated that A moving fluid has low
pressure-the faster a fluid moves, the lower its pressure is widely misunderstood and mistakes! Seeing is
no believing under this circumstance: It is the way it looks but not the way it cooks!! The moving fluid is
unable to display its pressure in the U-shaped tubes because the centrifugal forces above the turbulences are the
active barriers of the U-shaped tubes. More exactly, some molecules of the moving fluid will be dropped in (Ushaped tube) and some will be thrown out, keeping them balanced to the liquids weight.
Keep in mind: Unlike a pressure tank, measuring the Pressure of Flowing Fluids is totally different! The
measuring equipments must not possess any pockets, holes or pilot-tubes exposed to the flow that generate
turbulences and cause false readings. Instead, the turbulence and impact prevention device must be in used no
matter what kind of the pressure measuring-equipment is used.

By Mity Wongkit

Main red arrows represent Current of the Fluid.

Fine red arrow lines represent Motive Forces.
Turbulences are presenting at the U-Tubes.

The above drawing depicts Venturi's constricted channel of flow. When fluid flows through this channel, it lifts the
liquid in the U-shaped tubes. Because the speed of flow at the point of constriction is greater than at the other points, the
liquid level in the U-shaped tube at that point drops. This phenomenon has led us to believe that a moving fluid has low
pressure. The more rapidly a fluid moves, the lower its pressure. This sounds fascinating but it seems contrary to
common sense. Why does a fluid lose its pressure when it moves? There is no reasonable answer to this question.
It feels untrue when standing against strong winds or currents. For an example, gases in a gun barrel move extremely fast
under very high pressure.
On February 2, 2001: Professor Kenneth L. Menningen of the University of Wisconsin-Whitewater explained that,
There is a very high pressure along the length of the barrel, but perpendicular to the barrel the pressure is low. One
way to view this is that the molecules are too busy going down the barrel to impact the sides of the barrel very often.
Fewer impacts translates to lower pressure. If this is true, gas-operated guns would not work, because most of them
have gas ports perpendicular to their barrels. It appears that there is no suction as seen in Venturis tube but gas
discharges at the gas port to operate guns mechanism. If a revolver is fired in the dark, gas leaks at the gap between the
barrel and the chamber is easily to be seen; there is no suction. Also a common situation contrary to the explanation
above is a jet of water runs out from a hole on the side of the damaged garden hose while the water is running. If the
pressure is low perpendicular to its direction. Why doesnt it suck the air in through the hole? This issue has occurred
because of people have been fooled by the liquid levels in the U-shaped tubes or columns for nearly three centuries. The
next drawing is an example that the Ruger Mini 14 rifle also has the gas port perpendicular to its barrel.

Drawing courtesy of Sturm, Ruger & Company, Inc., reproduced by permission.

Some one who does not understand this concept might say When I fire a gas operated auto gun, I do not believe
there is a turbulence produced in the gas port that has the same configuration as described previously.
This is true, because the pressure of the gas port is lower than the pressure in its barrel. If a pressure gauge is
connected to the gas port via a pilot tube to prevent gas leakage which comparable as it were the liquid that clogs the Ushaped tube as shown in the above drawing, when the gun is fired, gases will enter the gas port, build up pressure in the
pilot tube until they become equalized each other, and the turbulence will be started. But it maybe not happened, because
a gun fire takes only a short duration.
2

Similarly, a jet of water runs out from a hole on the side of the damaged garden hose, because the
pressure in the hose at that point is higher than outside. If a tall vertical tube is hooked up to the hole as a
column, then the water will enter the column and build up weight until it becomes equal with the pressure in the
hose then the turbulence starts.

Main red arrows represent Current of the Fluid.

Fine red arrow lines represent Motive Forces.
Turbulences are presenting at the columns.

Above drawing: When a motive force is presented in the channel, stream runs through the constricted
channel. The red graph represents the pressure of the moving fluid and indicates that the sections A-B and C-D
have the same rate of pressure drop, so the fluid travels at the same speed. The rate of pressure drop is greater at
section B-C, because the pressure of the moving fluid (motive force) is partially blocked by the constriction, as
represents by fine red arrows, 4 out of 9 lines of pressure potential (motive force) are blocked and only 5 lines
of them are able to pass through the constriction then distribute their pressure as they enter the un-constricted
section of the channel. (If look into the cross sectional view at sections A and C; we see 42 out of 61 lines of
pressure potential are blocked, only 19 pass.) The blockage at the constriction creates a greater pressure
potential difference between the left and right sections and forces the fluid to move faster at the constriction
than section A-B and C-D, since the speed of the moving fluid is controlled by its pressure (not the pressure
is controlled by its speed). The higher the pressure potential difference, the higher its speed, from a
location to another location attempting to equalize the difference. (That is why gases in a gun barrel move
extremely fast.) The liquid levels in the columns (or U-shaped tubes) reflect the dynamic pressure produced
in the columns themselves, but not the pressure of the moving fluid. These levels do support Bernoulli's
laws relating to dynamic pressures as a function of fluid speed.
3

Above photo: The output of the air blower produces high pressure that inflates a balloon.

Above photo: The output of the air blower changes the liquid levels in the U-shaped tubes. When air
flows; the liquid levels show that pressures are low and that the pressure is lower in the tube nearest the output
since the air there moves faster. The liquid levels show that air moves from low pressure to high pressure .
This is contrary to our understanding of nature and virtually impossible. This is also proof that the
liquid levels are not a function of the pressure of the moving air which passes over the U-shaped tubes,
(only a function of its speed). Fluid under pressure tends to equalize that pressure with its surroundings.
Machines such as engines, hydraulics and firearms work under this natural law of pressure equalization. Fluids
under high pressure move toward low pressure areas, while the reverse is never seen. This law appears to
have been ignored. In addition, frictional and liquid molecular-cohesive forces are not accounted for in the
Venturi Effect.
Nature itself provides an example. Although the friction of moving air on water is slight, it can create
waves. With sufficient wind speed, waves may be carried onto land. As wind speed is increased, frictional force
is also increased.
4

Above photos: In an experiment, a silk ball is placed on a shaft in a transparent tube so that the ball is
below the level of the tubes open end and any flow that passes over it. The other end is closed. The open end of
the tube aligned with air flow as shown in the photos. When the air blower is switched on, the ball spins at a
high speed. This proves that when a fluid moves across the open end of a tube, the turbulence is produced
within the tube. At the same time, the centrifugal force acts to throw the fluid molecules out of their orbital path
and together with the passing fluid draws the fluid from the tube by friction and causes a low pressure in the
tube. This will occur even in the small tubes because fluids molecules are very fine.
Blowing a whistle, a flute or a bottle creates turbulence and generates sound. This is a well known
phenomenon that has the same principle.
5

Fig. A, depicts a demonstration in which a funnel is attached to a hose which is connected to an air blower. A pingpong ball is placed in the cone of the funnel so that it will be held and moves around at the funnel's bottom. The accepted
explanation states that the air flow at the bottom of the funnel moves faster than the air at the end of the funnel so it has a
lower pressure and holds the ping-pong ball. This is untrue. If a cube of foam, a cotton ball, or a wood chip replaced the
ping-pong ball in the funnel, it would be blown right out. The air flow acts on the spherical body in a cone-shaped air
chamber with the matching speed of air flow. These factors together create a strong turbulence that supports the ping pong
ball. This turbulence is unstable and moving around in the cone.
Fig. B, is a similar demonstration without the funnel. A spherical ball floats at a constant distance above the air
cylinder. Why doesn't the ball get closer to the air cylinder? The air flow around the ball is faster as it approaches the
cylinder. The ball is also helped by gravity.
Fig. C, a small amount of low pressure is created on the top-rear of an airfoil while traveling in the air. The current
explanation maintains that the upper surface is longer than the lower surface of the airfoil, so air moves at a greater speed
over the upper surface than under the lower. This causes the air on top to have a lower pressure. This is an incorrect
premise. The low pressure is not created by the faster moving air. The speed of moving fluid does not determine its
pressure, but rather, the pressure determines its speed. If the valve of an inflated tire is removed, a jet of air will rush
out due to the pressure potential difference. The speed of the moving air will gradually diminish because the pressure of
the tire is decreasing. Using the old established concepts for measuring the pressure of the moving air around an airfoil, all
of the readings are fakes. The air speed is what determines the pressure in the pilot tube. The reading is just the
pressure in the pilot tube, not that of the moving air.

Fig. D, when an airfoil is moving, air at the front edge is compressed (positive dynamic pressure) and tends to rise.
This upward force is resisted by the surrounding air, but it does decrease the air pressure on the top-rear of the airfoil
(negative dynamic pressure). The pressure potential difference or motive force that is created forces the air to move faster
from high to low pressure (equalize attempting). An amount of energy must be spent against the drag on the front
edge to get a little low pressure along the top-rear edges which is minor and not enough to lift the plane at all.
Currently it is believed that air passing over a curve creates lift. If this is the case, how can stunt planes fly upside
down? They are able to fly because the air is attacking under the wings and bodies like kites; also kinetic energy is a
significant factor of the flights.
6

2 Above photos, demonstrate something different. Unlike an airplane wing that is fixed to the plane, an
airfoil is suspended horizontally on four springs and is aligned with the air flow. When the air blower is
switched on, the stream of air presses the front-edge down and raises the top-rear up. This emphasizes the
explanation of Fig. D. on the previous page.
7

The above image is published by copyright owner signed at low-right corner

Above photo is an amazing image which is an illusion for people. It is obviously seeing that the
jet plane was flying parallel to the surface of the sea, there is a distance between the jet plane and
surface of the water. So the jet streams from the engines do not touch direct onto the surface of the
water. This is not the moving fluid has low pressure. The following is the key answer.

Bernoulli and company have been rather proud of being ignorant of such an important matter. There is one
important fact of which they have been unaware; it is the friction (plus molecular cohesive force in case of liquid) in
its body and in-between fluids (air to air, air to water and water to water) which has been ignored.
8

The drawing on previous page depicts the jet streams from the planes engines those are the primary source of
motive forces. As a matter of fact, they have very high pressures and move toward attempting to equalize their pressures
with the surrounding atmosphere; indicated in reddish color. They take a specific distance to complete the processes due
to their kinetics that travel beyond a speed of supersonic against the frictions of surrounding airs. During they are rushing;
airs in contact with the jet-streams are sudden drawn by frictional forces to travel along with the jet-streams. As the jetstreams move at high speeds, the frictions are also functionally high. These actions create the secondary forces of high
vacuum in the shape of tubular outskirts along with the jet streams as indicated in greenish color. These are the Forces
perpendicular to the direction of flow those had been produced by the friction in-between jet-streams and the
surrounding airs. When the plane flied so low, both of the tubular of vacuums touch down on the surface of the sea, then
the waters are sucked up at high speeds; the actions are coming in series of a chain reaction and generate the triplex of the
kinetic energies in the up rising waters those make the waters go high up in the air. The generation of the primary forces
may partially be seen as burning gasses but the secondary vacuum forces and the triplex kinetic energies of up-rising
waters are absolutely invisible those could blind people

If the Jet streams from the planes engines touch down onto the surface of the water, dual huge splashes must be
generated visible at the ends of each trace of the up-rising water like blowing the air on the surface of water using a
drinking straw as seen on the above image. Please look carefully how the surface of the water has been blown down into a
pit and splashed away as the stream of the air reflected at the surface of the water.
In this case, the secondary action produced by friction between moving air and the surrounding air (vacuum force
perpendicular all around its direction of flow) is minor and does not show any sign since the amount of air flow is very
small and moving at a very low speed compared with the jet engine.
To make it clear: The understanding of Bernoulli and company which has stated that As the fluid accelerates, its
pressure perpendicular to the direction of flow drops. have come close to the fact but they just miss the track. The
pressure drop does not generate in the moving fluid itself but activates on the surrounding fluid which is in contact with it
as the secondary action in the form of drawing-along-with by the power of the friction (plus liquid molecular cohesive
force) and creates a pressure drop or a low pressure in the surrounding fluid as explained above. The frictional force is
always active where ever the gravity is presented, that means everywhere on earth.
Definition: The friction among molecules in the body of the fluids plus liquid molecular cohesive forces (in
case of liquid) are the Latent-Power which produces Vacuum Force perpendicular all around its direction of flow in
Fluid Dynamics Theory. This is the reason that Thrusts can be produced for aircrafts and watercrafts.
9

Why does the shower curtain move toward the water?

Refer to an article of the SCIENTIFIC
AMERICAN Magazine October 2001 Volume 285
Number 4, Column ENDPOINTS Page 96, as
shown on the previous page. David Schmidt at
University of Massachusetts stated that he
discovered the spray of the shower drove a vortex.
The vortex rotates continuously around an axis
perpendicular to the shower curtain. The center of
this vortex-much like the center of a cyclone-is a
low pressure region, which is what pulls in the
shower certain.

David Schmidt was wrong. There is no such a

vortex! What had been found is the current of the
moving air around the shower. Frictional force has
been neglected in this case. This is relatively
simple, and can be explained as follows:-

Left drawing: Under the influence of gravity,

frictional force is always present and active.
When the shower is running, the air in contact with
the droplets of the shower is drawn by friction to
travel along with the shower as represented by green
arrows, and then the surrounding-adjacent air moves
in to displace and pulls in the shower curtain (red
line).

That is all about.

This is incredible! Millions of people in the

whole wide world who have studied Fluid Dynamics
in the past-period of nearly three centuries have
missed out!!

11

Similarly, holding a sheet of paper under the lips and blowing air causes the paper to lift under the stream of air. The
compressed air from the mouth has higher pressure than the surrounding atmosphere; it moves forward (red arrows) to
equalize its pressure with the surrounding air and draws the surrounding air to travel along with the air stream by friction
(green arrows). Then the surrounding-adjacent air moves in to displace and pulls up the sheet of paper same way as jet
plane on page 8. Lift is not created by low pressure in the air as experts have said.
The Bernoulli principle, which explains how an airplanes wings produce lift, states that As the fluid accelerates, the
pressure perpendicular to its direction of flow drops is a nonsense reason and never be happened; that is what have been
found only in U-Tubes, pilot tubes, columns and similar configuration as explained on page 1. This can be seen by using a
flame and smoke.
The deep well jet pumps work by the power of friction plus molecular-cohesive forces of water to draw the
surrounding water along with the jet stream as they are the latent forces perpendicular to the direction of flow.
Please note: We should not always trust computers on this subject, since some incorrect data may have been installed.
It is commonly known that the center of a tornado has low pressure. Experts explain this by pointing out that the wind
speed at the center of the tornado is high. They do so because they have learned this and never questioned it, but this is not
the true reason. The true explanation for the low pressure in the core of a tornado is the centrifugal force that throws
the air's molecules away from its center.
When a hurricane is formed on the surface of the ocean, a great amount of mist is produced by friction between the
winds and the water. Since this mist has more mass than air molecules, the centrifugal force increases its power, the size
of the hurricane increases and reaches to the top of the atmosphere. The eye of a hurricane is a region of vacuum produced
by the powerful centrifugal force. When it moves onto land where moisture is lacking, without this mist, the centrifugal
force loses its power, and the winds of the hurricane subside.

Images Courtesy of US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration

12

Reversing the action: Suppose a bullet is suspended motionless in the air. If a man runs into the bullet at the speed
of a bullet, he will be wounded as though he had been shot.

As shown in the above photos, I reversed the process by making the U-tube moves instead of air moves.
An open-ended hose is taped to a pole attached to the front of a car. The other end is connected to a U-shaped
tube which is partially filled with blue liquid and attached inside the car. When the car is driven, the pressure is
lowered because some air is drawn out by friction between the stationary air at the tip of the pilot tube which is
in contact with the passing air and creates turbulence as described on the front cover. The liquid level changes
from that observed in the non-moving car, which is essentially atmospheric pressure.
This experiment proves that the liquid level is not the pressure of the air that is in contact with the tip of
the pilot tube during traveling. It is only the pressure of the pilot tube, the dynamic pressure.

In another experiment, I used a 1/16 inch outside diameter brass tube. I soldered one end shut and drilled
a small hole near that end. I lengthened it with a larger tube to which I attached a plastic hose connected to a Ushaped tube. The left drawing on next page illustrates this apparatus. I partially filled the U-shaped tube with
liquid and attached it to the inside of a car. With the assistance of a driver, I held the tube vertically outside of
the car as we drove. I rotated the tube left and right around its axis. When the hole on the tip of the tube was
facing the direction of travel, high pressure (positive) was produced in the tube due to the impact of the airs
mass. While I slowly rotated the tube to the right or left, the pressure in the tube gradually decreased (negative)
until the hole was at about 53.1 degrees from the direction of travel, at this point the reading became zero.
Further rotating, the pressure became lower until the hole reached 90 degrees from the direction of travel, when
it was at its minimum. When the tube was rotated so the hole was facing the opposite direction of travel, the
pressure was still low. The high pressure produced by impact of airs mass is stronger than the low pressure
produced by the frictional draw off. Coincidentally, the 53.1 degree angle is equal to one of the angles of a
triangle with sides at a ratio of 3:4:5.
13

The graph shows that the liquid level changes as the tube is rotated during travel.
When the test tube is set at 53.1 degrees, the liquid level shows no change in pressure.

From my experiment, I have found that there is no dynamic pressure produced at 53.1
degrees from the direction of travel. In other words, it is the balance angle or Critical Angle
between positive and negative dynamic pressures. I have used this method to prevent turbulence
and impact in U-shaped tubes and columns to measure the pressure of moving air and water
flow in Venturi's constricted channels. The resulting measurements are consistent with the
natural law of pressure equalization. The experimental design is alterable.

An apparatus showing on the right delivers the

Positive Dynamic Pressure reading at the U-tube that
produced by impact of fluid-molecules, no matter the
passing fluid has a high or low pressure compare with the
atmosphere (being forced to move by compressing or
vacuuming).
But the readings of Bernoulli & Venturi method are
Negative Dynamic Pressures that always lower than the
actual pressure since an amount of fluid is being removed
from each U-tube by centrifugal force of the turbulence as
explained on front page.
The readings of both systems are the functions of
fluid speeds but they are not the pressure of the moving
fluid!
13
14

The following photos depict using the new measuring method.

The vacuum machine produces low pressure at the input side. The liquid levels show the pressure is gradually
decreasing and the pressure at the constriction is not the lowest among the three.

The liquid levels show the pressure of the moving air from the output side of the vacuum machine is high at the
point of exit and gradually lowers as it leaves the tube.
Note:
The liquid levels using the conventional method of demonstration always show the pressure is low
(negative readings) both at the output and input sides of the vacuum machine.
15

The tinted water is driven by an electric pump through the constriction in the closed loop. The
measurements are consistent with the natural law of pressure equalization. Compare to the column capped by
the red reserve pot which uses the old method of measuring and the pressure is not the lowest at the point of
constriction. Please note the brass measuring tips at the joints of the channel and columns on the above photo
and the two photos on the previous page.

The above drawing shows the liquid levels produced using the accepted method of demonstration. If clear
water is used, dropping colored powder into the columns during flow would allow us to see actions in columns.

Presently, Fluid Dynamics is very complicated and not always intuitive because we have misunderstood
the phenomenon of the Venturi Effect. Unfortunately, Bernoulli had been working on an illusion in which of
Seeing Is No Believing under this circumstance. The frictional, liquid molecular-cohesive and motive forces
are the significant natural forces those had been out of Bernoullis mind and neglected. Taken root on the liquid
levels as seen in Venturi Effect as they were the pressure of the moving fluid (page 1). Since then the theory of
Fluid Dynamics had been put in a false position due to an incorrect notion. The impressive keyword has stated
that: As a fluid accelerates, its pressure perpendicular to the direction of flow drops has embedded deepdown into the brains of all students in the whole wide world for nearly three centuries; and the result: The
followers had, have become doctrinaires of Bernoulli and have continued using the incorrect premises on their
works and released the false statements to the public such as: The center of a tornado has a low pressure
because the wind speed at its center is very high (page 11), or the faster moving airs above the airplane wings
produce lift (page 6), etc. Fluid Dynamics is in accord with natural laws and can be defined as scientific
configuration. As the liquid levels are the function of fluid speeds; Bernoulli's laws and equations may be used
in solving problems involving fluids in motion with somewhat compromise. What Bernoulli called Pressure, P
= Negative Dynamic Pressure which to be found in his instruments only but nowhere else no matter the flowing
fluid is forced to move by hooking-up to the input or output of a blower or a pump (page 14). However,
Bernoullis Principle mistakes; one of the disproofs is that the actions of gas-operated guns (page 2: There was
no gas-operated gun or aircraft in Bernoullis live-time yet)! The explanation by Bernoullis pupils that have
described how the aircraft wings produce lift is unbelievable as we see when stunt planes fly upside down; the
curves above the wings turn down below and they go!! If Bernoullis Principle is true: Imagine: Why not the
planes are pulled down by their own wings and hit the ground? Gravity is the significant helper to do so! Even
more, radio control helicopters rotors have the same design as aircraft wings also are able to make inverted
flights too!! Where is the Bernoullis Principle action? The answer is In the U-Tubes, not on the wings,
Please see the demonstration photos:-

Courtesy of Cleveland National Air-show: Inverted flight flown by John Klat

16

RC Helicopter Inverted flight. Courtesy of Roger Buerge of Switzerland: Demonstrator:

In spite of todays technology growth, aircrafts have been manufactured successfully achieved to our
satisfaction. But we should seek the way to do it better. Actually, aircrafts are designed for flying in the air but
there is an irregular thing in the design. It is the Vertical Stabilizer (tail-fin), the design-engineers should eye on
the birds tails rather than looking at fishes tails. There is no vertical stabilizer have been seen on any kind of
birds, bats or flying insects. Vertical Stabilizers of aircrafts are unnecessary extra parts. Flipping the left and the
right tail flaps and/or wing-flaps in opposite direction will do the job because they are working on the same
fuselages center of gravity line. Right or left tilt makes the plane turns right or left naturally. Eliminating these
parts will cut cost, cut maintenance and reduce drag during flights; the planes will travel faster and cut down
fuel consumptions. Also reduce a complexity out off the planes control panels that make them easier for pilots.
Wings and bodies of airplanes or flying creatures are taking care of their pay-loads at full gravity during flights,
unlikely; marine-lives those are having a few or nearly zero gravity in water. So, flying in the air and under the
water is quite different.
17

If the Vertical Stabilizer is really needed, it should be located downward under the tail rather than put it up on the top
which is above fuselages center of gravity line, when the rudder is turned; the plane leans into the opposite direction of
turning like cars with front wheel steered. Differently, the plane that built with the fin and rudder downward under its tail
will lean to the right direction naturally just like boats or cars with rear wheel steered. Also it should be collapsible when
not in used to reduce drag.
We, people should not consider ourselves smarter than Mother Nature: Absolutely not! As we see wings of all kinds
of frying creatures in the whole wide world (birds, bats, flying insects) are located on the top of their bodies that make
their flights stable and easy to control naturally. But human-designers put the aircraft-wings lower by the fuselages center
of gravity lines those are the axis/pivot points of aircrafts. So the planes can be forced to whirl along with the turbulence
easier and once the plane is forced to rotate, the centrifugal force continues rotating just like a football is spinning in the
air or a bullet which left a rifled gun barrel. This feather causes the air-crafts fly unstable. Now what! An unreason idea
was lit up by design-engineers; so they added wing-tips at the ends of each wings as seen in the next photo.
Why dont we just put the wings on top of the planes fuselages just like the cargo planes? That is the way they
should be.
Air France flight 447 is the good example.
In the occasion of
an airplane encounters
bad
whether
with
significant turbulence,
the plane is changed its
position stronger and
quicker;
putting
confusion to pilots and
fail to do the right thing
in a limited short time.

The twisting power of the whirlwind turns the plane out of its position quickly. Since its wings are located at the
fuselages center of gravity plus vertical-stabilizer is an additional surface which catching up the power of the whirlwind.
The pilots may be fooling around with the controls those make the plane goes wild easily. Why do we have to take a risk?
The answer is:- Human being is ruled under the natural law of the truth that: Smart is paired up with Stupid. Stupid is the
head start! Smart is the tail!

The final minutes of Air France flight 447 on June 1, 2009. Published by Bureau dEnquetes et dAnalyses.

The last minute of

the 3D view of the last 5
minutes of the flight
from the data recorded
of Air-France flight 447
accident (showing at
lower-right corner)
indicates that the aircraft
had encountered a
significant storm and/or
a strong whirlwind that
forced the plane to make
a sharp right turn, then
the most of the planes
kinetic energy was
destroyed
simultaneously. As the
kinetic energy is the
important factor of the
flight, it caused the
plane to have a dramatic
loss of speed and
descending while
continuing to turn right and the stall-warning system activated because a loss of speed and did not mean stalled while the
plane nose up at the first moment before it plunged into the ocean. It is most likely, the plane had been spun to the right
with nose down so the pilot tried to pull it up, but nothing much could be done because the plane had lost its traveling
speed. To deal with this situation, the Automatic Self Support Systems (Electronic Brain Control Unit) must be in used to
take care of all controls of the flight. Beginning with turn on Auto Pilot, putting the engines into full power, deploy the
expanding wings with alarm warning signal and continues using the Auto Pilot until the plane flies stable in a straight line
at a proper altitude, then put the expanding wings back in places and return the engines to normal speed before letting the
pilot to take turn of the controls to bring the plane back into the line to the destination. The expanding wings may need to
be redesigned to operate faster. The Auto Self Support and Auto Pilot systems must be versatile and enable pilots actions
to work along with the systems. For the best, both of the Auto Systems should be turned on at all times during flights.
We should not be assured with the present aircraft designed; the design-engineers should reconsider and have
everything done right. The disaster of AirAsia flight QZ8501 on December 28, 2014 is the Air France flight 447s history
repeats itself. The reasons are due to poor engineered. These occasions of tragedy flights seem to be repeating again and
again as long as the present designed aircrafts are still in services.

The next drawing:

The aircraft that has its
wings located at the high
point of the fuselage has
gravity of the payload
helping to resist power
of the whirlwind; also
eliminating the vertical
stabilizer is reducing the
surface that catches up
the power of the twisting
wind; these features
together may give the
plane a chance to bring
back to its position
naturally.

I performed my experiments from 19851986 all alone by myself, that was 3 decades ago. There is no
account by myself of such the works. My discovery makes most of the worlds Fluid Dynamics professors sick
since they have studied hard on it and dont see any doubt. It is so disturbing for them. They reasoned that I am
not a professor, merely a street Siamese man and unqualified. So it is best to leave it alone and dont want to
hear any of it. In 1985, I had been questioned by a University of Wisconsin Madison professor saying that
Hey! What do you think? Is the world flat or round? And how the airplanes can fly? followed up as I
have talked about my concept.
Alternately: As the lives turn! The Old-days Freshmen have become todays Big Honcho Professors!! They
see my idea is An Old Dog New Trick!!!!
Come on! This is not a joke!! The early time scientists & inventors such as Galileo Galilei who had climbed
the Leaning Tower of Pisa, dropping the cannon balls to prove his Physics-Concept which had been confirmed
by dropping a feather and a hammer on the moon. Studying of the pendulum and invented the pendulum clocks,
invented thermometers, he also invented the first worlds high power telescopes; revealed the universe and sun
spots. All of his works had been done by his individual intellect.
Unlike Daniel Bernoulli who interested and studied in the Phenomenon of Venturi Effect. His works had
been done by his intellack (lacking of intellect) that put himself to the Top-Famous of the world magically. He
had been named Father of Fluid Dynamics
for nearly three centuries before has been
turned Boloney.
Bernoullis symptom has veered all of
the worlds design-engineers out off the
right track. The aircraft wings, rotors of
helicopters and autogiro-planes, propellers
of aircrafts and watercrafts including racing
car- spoilers all went wrong-designed. All of
these items need to be corrected (inverted)
to make them reach the highest performance
and efficiency.
This was just a common human error that happened and we should not continue teaching our kids Untrue Science.
After all: Bernoullis Principle is the Most Famous Human Error Ever!!!
I have 2 interesting-feedbacks from my readers as the following e-mails:-

As Simcha had a concern with the explanation for the plane that flies upside down or flying on its side.
I can explain briefly in a street language as the following:
If you grab a rock and throw it in the air, you are making a flight. The rock is flying in the air without any
wing or an engine, it goes by the kinetic energy which you gave to it when you have thrown it. The kinetic
energy (velocity) is the most important function of the flying or moving objects. The rock travels in a trace of a
trajectory and hits the ground, because of:There are 2 natural forces on earth that anti against the flights of objects:
1) Friction of the air in the atmosphere that attempts to destroy the kinetic energy by slowing down the objects (air-drag).
2) Gravity of the earth that attempts to pull down the objects (weight).
As the kinetic energies of the flying objects are decreasing by friction of the air, the gravity force will gain more
power to pull down the objects.
Airplane is a manmade flying machine using engine(s) for the source of motive force producing and maintaining
the Kinetic Energy fighting against the friction of the surrounding air; and has wings for producing Lifts to defeat the
Gravity Force. Lifts are not produced on the upper surfaces of the wings as experts have described, there are merely minor
low pressures above the wings by a different reason (please see page 6 Fig.D) but the major lifting forces are created by
the airs attacking under the wings and fuselage during gliding in the air simulate the flying kites.
When the plane is flying either in normal position or flying upside down, its wings are producing the lifting forces
fighting against the gravity while the engine(s) is fighting against the friction of the surrounding air to maintain its kinetic
energy. So the plane can fly continuously since the 2 natural forces are under controlled.
If the pilot wants to fly the plane its side up, the pilot must accelerates the engine(s) to increase its kinetic energy
and reach the velocity that defeats the gravity force before tilting the plane on its side so the plane can fly by its kinetic
energy alone just like a rocket (no helping from the wings). In the mean while, the lower side area of the fuselage and the
tail-fin of the plane are sailing in the air and capture some lifting force that help fighting against the gravity a bit. The
plane with insufficient-power engine cant do this performance.
Above are the essential functions of the flights that contain a long term of the explanation. Forget about Bernoullis
Principle that described How the air plane wings produce lift ! It sounds fascinating, but it is false!!

Wings by Mother Nature: All flying creatures on earth are having the versatile flapping wings those doing dual
duties producing lift and motive force (kinetic energy) simultaneously to control their flights efficiently (helicopters do
the same). But the airplane-wings do the only lifting force and have engine(s) to produce motive force and kinetic energy.

Above-left drawing is the cross-sectional view of an airplane wing designed under Bernoullis Principle named
Airfoil (aerofoil). When the airfoil is travelling in the air, the air attacks under the foil that produces lifting force. But the
air that attacks at the upper front edge of the foil just produces air-drag that wastes engines power so the planes fly slower
than they should.
Above-right drawing, if the foil is turned upside down, it indicates that an excellent air-pattern is delivered as the
foil is producing low pressure on top of the foil while high pressure on the bottom to carry the weight of the plane more
efficiency.

Above drawings are cross-sectional views of the new-look of aircrafts wings.

The wings of the high speed jet-aircrafts need fewer of air attacking under their wings due to the index of
the ratio between Time VS Distance as the jets travel at much higher velocity than the propeller aircrafts. The
wings are designed to be thinner than the wings of propeller aircrafts to reduce air-drags.
Other than the wings; the rotor blades of helicopter & autogiro; the aircraft & watercraft propeller-blades
are in the same configuration. If the blades are inverted as shown above should increased their performances as
well.
I am grateful for all of copyright owners of images and/or drawings that appearing in this article as the
complementary of my works. Also, I am grateful for Google SketchUp Free Program including members who
share their works in the Google 3D Wearhouse. My article is the nonprofit works; it is for the worlds Education
and Technology.
Thank you for reading.

Mity Wongkit

piacwonkit@yahoo.com

Eliminating the complex/pricey internal combustion engine, transmission, drive-train, differential-gears, tracking
and hydraulic-break systems to cut cost, weight and create more room. A new Electric Vehicle which starting with
batteries are stored flat under the floor for low center of gravity, using independent water proof brushless 3 phase AC
synchronous-outrunner motors installed in the rim of each wheel replacing of breaking systems. The 15 pairs of
permanent magnets total 30 poles installed permanently on each rim which works as the rotor of the 5 motors on each
wheel (number of motors is alterable as 6 magnetic poles per one motor). The stators of the motors are equipped with 30
of wiring cores to run on 3 phase AC power supplies converted from Lithium Ion batteries. Since the motors are
synchronized with the frequency of the power supply. So that the speed of the vehicle can be controlled by changing the
voltage, frequency and waveform of power supply between 0 and 120 volt; 0 and 500 Hertz variable multi waveforms . As
the frequency and voltage of the power supply are increased, the impedance and the wattage of the motors are also
functionally increased. Each wheel has its own power supply circuit and is governed by CPU of the cars computer to
cover the most efficiency of the functions among voltage/frequency/waveform and impedance/wattage of the motors on
each wheel that makes none of the wheel to make a free-spin. The motors of each wheel can be used to control the speed
of the car, accelerate, slow-down and comes to a stop with out the use of mechanical hydraulic break systems; pulling
back the control handle means slowing down or brake the car. The CPU of car-computer will properly manage to adjust
the voltage-frequency-waveform of the power supplies to control the cars movement. The processes are accomplished
smoothly by sampling the wheel-speed signals feed-back from each wheel to UPC according to the wheels may slip out of
control. Forwarding and Reversing make easy by switching the polarity of the wiring or a phase of the power supply. All
motors are excellence to be used as the Regenerative System capture kinetic-energy during the car is coasting to a stop,
going downhill or breaking and recycle it back to the batteries. A simple mechanical break system should be added for
parking. The advantage of the design is that, either driver or car-computer is able to make a choice to run the vehicle on
all wheel-drive for first movement and for poor road condition, front two-wheel-drive for wet road or rear two-wheeldrive for good road condition. Car in stop mode means all motors are feeding with an as low as a few DC volts or the
mechanism break is applied. The cars cruise control can be easily set by punching in the desired number or use of custom
preset speeds. The following image is the cut away view of a wheel.

A close look of the motors in the rim.

(Shows 3 out of 5 motors.)
There are 5 motors combining in each
wheel, their wirings are connected together in
parallel so that there are 6 power-lines of each
wheel harnessed to the central power supply. Each
motor is completed within 1/5 of the rim (72
degrees) combining of 3 pairs of permanent
magnets (6 poles) in the rim which is working as
the rotor. The stator is divided into 6 cores and
wired into standard 3 phase AC motor. Each set of
wirings can be formed or reformed between Delta
and Y systems as the nature of three phase motor.
The Y connection delivers high impedance, ideal
for the first moment to move the vehicle and runs
on low and medium speed which power supply is at
low frequency. Delta connection delivers lower
impedance and good for running at higher speed
with power supply is at higher frequencies.

Wirings of 3 phase motor.

The car-chassis is suspended on the middle of two seesaw spring-bars, front and rear and the 4 ends of the seesaw
bars are hooked up with 4 shock absorbers. Wheel movement, either bump or dip on one side will force the shock
absorbers on both sides to work together simultaneously through a seesaw bar. Seesaw Bar itself cuts 50% of the bump or
dip plus the action of both side shock absorbers those make the car runs smoother. Computerized motor and worm-gear
drive systems are being used to steer the wheels. The seesaw bars can be redesigned so it becomes a lower profile than the
drawing above which just for looking and easy to understand.

Front view of the Dashboard

One hand operation: The 4 way control handle with a two steps push button is used to operate all
functions of the car, forward, reverse, accelerate, slow down or come to a stop just like playing an electronic
game. The control handle is located in front of the dashboard with computer screen which display all functions
including GPS, the range of the handle movement is limited in a triangle ring to prevent over turn when the car
is running at high speed. All of these are combined in one unit which installing on a pair of rails behind and
under the dashboard so the unit can be slid and set anywhere from right and left position in front of the driver
seat. Since the engine, transmission-assembly, drive-train and differential gears are eliminated so the floor of
the cab is plain without obstacle. The vehicle is able to be used as: Left-hand drive, right-hand drive or in
between as desired.

Rear view of the dashboard

Rear-wheel-steer system is recommended for the basic models which makes it more pleasant to drive and
reduce overturn accident since the centrifugal force leans the car and passengers to the direction of turning
naturally. Unlike todays front wheel steering system that tends to through passengers away in opposite side of
turning. The following is the explanation of how the car and passengers lean to the side of turning naturally.

The principle of the

centrifugal force is easily to be seen
as a billiard ball is driven at the point
that lower than its center of gravity
point; the ball spins in the direction
as shown by red arrow, once it spins;
the centrifugal force continuing to
spin the ball.

People may think rear wheel steered vehicle is hard to drive. Not at all, once we have trained we will be
fine and feel more pleasant to drive as the vehicle is leaning into the direction of turning which reducing an over
turn accident and also it is easier to make a parallel park.

Computerized all-wheel-steer system electric car is the best choice, it is

more pleasurable to drive, reduces overturn accident, easier parking and take off.

Todays vehicles on street are using front wheel steer system which rolls everything to opposite side of
turning which make it unpleasant to drive and increases overturn accident.
Steering enhancement: As of each wheel is driven by its own motors independently. This feature
eliminates free spin on each wheel also there are ways to program the car computer to command wheels
movements so that the car can makes zero degree turns or narrower U turns to eliminate Y turns on tight spaces
without wasting time and effortless.
The better vehicles should have 2 headlights sweep wayward left or right functionally with the angle of
turning to provide a better sightseeing for the driver in advance during turn, especially in the dark surrounding.
Note: This article with all drawings is just for guidance, it needs the professional creators to make it
happen.
Thank you for reading: These documents are for public, they are safe and you can download for free. If
you have a comment or a concern, please let me know through my e-mail piacwonkit@yahoo.com

Mity Wongkit