Chapter 4 : MATHEMATICAL

REASONING

4.1 STATEMENT

4.1a) Statements and truth value

4.1b) Statements using numbers and

mathematical symbols
4.1a) Statements and truth value

Learning Outcomes
1) Determine whether a given sentence is a
statement.
2) Determine whether a given statement is
true or false.
4.1a) Statements and truth value

Definition : A statement is a sentence that

is either true or false but not both.
Example
No. Sentence Statement Not Reason
Statement

1. Do not litter. √ An instruction

2. 2 is a prime number. √ A true

statement
3. That’s amazing! √ An exclamation

4. Is 1 a prime √ A question
numbers?
5. 3+2=5 √ A true
statement
6. 18 is a multiple of 10 √ A false
statement
7. All pentagons have √ A false
eight sides statement
 Hot Tips

A sentence is not a statement when

• it contains unknowns
• it is in the form of a questions
• it is in the form of a exclamations
• it is in the form of a instructions
• it is incomplete
Quick Test

1. Determine whether each of the following

sentence is a statement.
a) 5-7>2
b) Add 3 to 7.
c) 2x-8=1
Quick Test

1. Determine whether each of the following

sentence is a statement.
a) 5-7>2 (Yes)
b) Add 3 to 7. (No)
c) 2x-8=1 (No)
4.1b) Statements using numbers
and mathematical symbols

Learning Outcome
1) Construct the true or false statements
using given numbers and mathematical
symbols
4.1b) Statements using numbers
and mathematical symbols

-When given a set of numbers and

mathematical symbols , we can construct
true and false statements.
Example
1. Construct one true and false statement, each involving
the following numbers and mathematical symbols.

a) 6,4,2,+,=
True statement: 4+2=6
False statement: 6+2=4
Continue

1. Construct one true and false statement, each involving

the following numbers and mathematical symbols.

b) 1,2,3,>,X
True statement: 3X2>1
False statement: 2>3X1
Quick Test

1. Construct one true and false statement, each

involving the following numbers and
mathematical symbols.
a) 1,2,3,+,>
b) {2,3,4},{ }, 
Solution

a) 1,2,3,+,>

True statement:1+3>2
False statement:2 + 1>3

b) {2,3,4},{ }, 
True statement:{ }  {2,3,4}
False statement: {2,3,4}  {}
 Do exercises
● Skills practice 4.1a
Question: 1,2

● Skills practice 4.1b

Question: 1,2