Table of Content ................................................................................................................. 2
Introduction......................................................................................................................... 8
Session1: Overview .......................................................................................................... 10
What is Hospitals? ............................................................................................................ 10
History of Hospitals .......................................................................................................... 11
Role of Hospitals in Health System .................................................................................. 13
Changing Role of Hospitals .......................................................................................... 16
Reasons for changing role of hospitals ......................................................................... 16
Function of an Acute Care Hospital.................................................................................. 17
Hospital viewed as a System............................................................................................. 19
Peculiarities of a Hospital System ................................................................................ 20
Component or Structure of a Hospital .............................................................................. 22
A. Administration Services........................................................................................ 23 B. Informational Services .......................................................................................... 23 C. Therapeutic Services ............................................................................................. 23 D. Diagnostic Services............................................................................................... 25 E. Support Services ................................................................................................... 25
Organization of Hospitals in Afghanistan......................................................................... 27
The Future of Hospitals in Afghanistan............................................................................ 28
Group work and Facilitator Notes: ............................................................................... 29
Hospital Policies in Afghanistan....................................................................................... 30
Levels of Hospitals in the country ................................................................................ 31
District Hospital ........................................................................................................ 32
Provincial Hospital.................................................................................................... 32
Regional Hospital...................................................................................................... 32
Rationalization of Hospital Services (components)...................................................... 33
Aga Khan University Hospital Components and Activities ............................................. 34
Hospital and Challenges in Afghanistan........................................................................... 36
Hospital and Community .................................................................................................. 37
The provider, support group and community ............................................................... 39
Community and its Participation .................................................................................. 39
Hospital community relationship .................................................................................. 40
Session 2: Effective Management at Hospitals................................................................. 42
Medical profession and management................................................................................ 42
Principles of Management ................................................................................................ 42
Administration or management......................................................................................... 44
The governing board of hospitals ................................................................................. 45
Hospital Administrator.............................................................................................. 46
Choice of Hospital Director (Administrator) ............................................................ 46
Role and functions of Hospital Administrator .......................................................... 47
Management Styles ........................................................................................................... 48
Laissez-faire Management style : ............................................................................. 48
Democratic Management Style:................................................................................ 48
Autocratic Management Style: ................................................................................. 48
Group work: .................................................................................................................. 48
Skills of effective managers.............................................................................................. 51
Conceptual Skills .......................................................................................................... 51
Communication Skills................................................................................................... 52
Interpersonal Skills ....................................................................................................... 52 Importance of the managerial skills .................................................................................. 52 Ways to Improve Your Managerial Skills ........................................................................ 54 Coordination ..................................................................................................................... 58
Facilitation of coordination........................................................................................... 59
Characteristics of effective Hospital Manger ................................................................... 59
Efficiency versus Effectiveness ........................................................................................ 60
What is Efficiency? ....................................................................................................... 60
What is Effectiveness? .................................................................................................. 60
Comparison of effectiveness and efficiency ................................................................. 61
Session 3: Hospital Planning and Design ......................................................................... 63
Guiding principles in Planning ......................................................................................... 63
Patient care of high quality ........................................................................................... 63
Effective community orientation .................................................................................. 64
Economic Viability ....................................................................................................... 64
Orderly Planning ........................................................................................................... 65
A sound architectural plan ................................................................................................ 65
Hospital Utilization and planning ..................................................................................... 66
Bed Planning in Hospitals................................................................................................. 67
Planning for equipment in hospitals ................................................................................. 69
Session 4: Basics of Strategic Planning in Hospitals........................................................ 72
Importance of Strategic Planning...................................................................................... 72
Roles and Responsibilities in planning process ................................................................ 73
Strategic Planning Committee ...................................................................................... 73
The General Director/Chief Executive Officer............................................................. 74
Medical Staff................................................................................................................. 74
Patients and Community ............................................................................................... 74
Planner and consultants................................................................................................. 75
The Steps of the Strategic Planning .................................................................................. 75
Get Organized ............................................................................................................... 76
Analysis of the Situations ............................................................................................. 77
Develop a Vision........................................................................................................... 78
Development or Review the Mission Statement........................................................... 78
Value statement............................................................................................................. 79
Goal approach ........................................................................................................... 80
Critical Issues Approach ........................................................................................... 81
SMART Objectives................................................................................................... 82
Scenario Approach.................................................................................................... 82
Strategic Plan preparation ................................................................................................. 83
Taking Approval of the Plan......................................................................................... 84
What is Quality Monitoring? for 27552306 Hospital Management Module Final Version
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