2
Sadržaj
1
UVOD.......................................................................................................................................................4
2
URE
Đ
AJI ZA SIMULIRANJE EKG SIGNALA...............................................................................6
2.1
P
RIMENA URE
Đ
AJA ZA SIMULIRANJE
EKG
SIGNALA
......................................................................6
2.2
P
OSTOJE
Ć
I TIPOVI
EKG
SIMULATORA
............................................................................................7
3
ELEKTRI
Č
NA AKTIVNOST SRCA, KARAKTERISTI
Č
NI TALASI I NORMALNIINTERVALI EKG ZAPISA..........................................................................................................................10
3.1
F
IZIOLOŠKA POZADINA ZAPISA NA ELEKTROKARDIOGRAMU
.......................................................10
3.2
K
ARAKTERISTI
Č
NI TALASI
EKG
SIGNALA
....................................................................................11
3.3
N
ORMALNI INTERVALI
EKG
SIGNALA
..........................................................................................12
4
VIRTUELNI SIMULATOR I GENERATOR EKG SIGNALA.....................................................13
4.1
V
IRTUELNA INSTRUMENTACIJA
....................................................................................................13
4.1.1
LabVIEW programski alat.......................................................................................................13
4.2
M
ATEMATI
Č
KO MODELOVANJE KARAKTERISTI
Č
NIH TALASA
EKG
SIGNALA
..............................14
4.2.1
Matemati
č
ko modelovanje P talasa.........................................................................................14
4.2.2
Matemati
č
ko modelovanje F (flater ili lepršaju
ć
ih) talasa.....................................................15
4.2.3
Matemati
č
ko modelovanje QRS kompleksa.............................................................................17
4.3
G
ENERISANJE CIKLUSA
EKG
SIGNALA
.........................................................................................18
4.4
P
RIMERI
EKG
RITMOVA I ARITMIJA SIMULIRANIH POMO
Ć
U
V
IRTUELNOG
EKG
SIMULATORA
...21
4.4.1
Normalan sinusni ritam............................................................................................................21
4.4.2
Sinusna (respiratorna) aritmija...............................................................................................22
4.4.3
Lepršanje pretkomora..............................................................................................................22
4.4.4
Atrijalna fibrilacija...................................................................................................................23
4.4.5
Ventrikularna tahikardija.........................................................................................................24
4.5
G
ENERISANJE SIGNALA NA ANALOGNOM IZLAZU AKVIZICIONE KARTICE
....................................25
4.6
K
ORISNI
Č
KI INTERFEJES
V
IRTUELNOG
EKG
SIMULATORA
..........................................................26
5
TESTIRANJE VIRTUELNOG EKG SIMULATORA....................................................................27
5.1
R
EZULTATI SNIMANJA SIGNALA
EKG
SIMULATORA OSCILOSKOPOM
..........................................27
5.1.1
Normalan sinusni ritam............................................................................................................27
5.1.2
Atrijalna tahikardija.................................................................................................................28
5.1.3
Lepršanje pretkomora (atrijalni flater)...................................................................................28
5.1.4
Ventrikularna bigeminija.........................................................................................................29
5.1.5
Ventrikularna tahikardija.........................................................................................................30
5.1.6
Ventrikularna fibrilacija..........................................................................................................31
6
ZAKLJU
Č
AK........................................................................................................................................32
7
PRILOG.................................................................................................................................................34
7.1
S
NIMCI SIMULIRANIH
EKG
RITMOVA I ARITMIJA
.........................................................................34
7.1.1
Normalan sinusni ritam............................................................................................................34
7.1.2
Nodalna tahikardija.................................................................................................................35
7.1.3
Atrijalna tahikardija.................................................................................................................36
7.1.4
AV blok I stepena......................................................................................................................37
7.1.5
AV blok II stepena tip Mobitz I...............................................................................................37
7.1.6
AV blok II stepena tip II (Mobitz II).........................................................................................38
7.1.7
AV blok III stepena...................................................................................................................39
7.1.8
Lepršanje atrija (Atrijalni flater).............................................................................................40
7.1.9
Atrijalna fibrilacija...................................................................................................................41
7.1.10
Preuranjeni atrijalni kompleks (PAC).....................................................................................42
7.1.11
Preuranjeni ventrikulani kompleks (PVC)...............................................................................43