Professional Documents
Culture Documents
GLASGOW 2011
British Academy
PROCEEDINGS OF THE
XIV th INTERNATIONAL NUMISMATIC CONGRESS
GLASGOW 2009
I
CONTENTS
Preface
Editors note
18
19
Inaugural lecture
A foreigners view of the coinage of Scotland, by Nicholas MAYHEW
23
Antiquity: Greek
I Delfini (distribuzione, associazioni, valenza simbolica), by Pasquale APOLITO
35
42
48
Up-to-date survey of the silver coinage of the Nabatean king Aretas IV, by Rachel
BARKAY
52
58
67
Not only art! The period of the signing masters and historical iconography,
by Maria CACCAMO CALTABIANO
73
81
89
97
105
114
123
CONTENTS
131
The coinage of the Scythian kings in the West Pontic area: iconography, by
Dimitar DRAGANOV
140
The royal archer and Apollo in the East: Greco-Persian iconography in the
Seleukid Empire, by Kyle ERICKSON & Nicholas L. WRIGHT
163
170
178
184
189
199
203
213
Archaic Greek coins east of the Tigris: evidence for circulation?, by J. KAGAN
230
237
246
251
The coinage of Chios during the Hellenistic and early Roman periods, by
Constantine LAGOS
259
265
CONTENTS
269
280
285
293
Some remarks concerning the gold coins with the legend , by Lucian
MUNTEANU
304
310
The coinage of the Paeonian kings Leon and Dropion, by Eftimija PAVLOVSKA
319
Le trsor des monnaies perses dor trouv Argamum / Orgam (Jurilovca, dp.
de Tulcea, Roumanie), by E. PETAC, G. TALMACHI & V. IONI
331
337
350
357
365
The coin finds from Hellenistic and Roman Berytas (fourth century BC third
century AD, by Ziad SAWAYA
376
382
Uso della moneta presso gli indigeni della Sicilia centro-meridionale, by Lavinia
SOLE
393
405
CONTENTS
417
427
436
Zur Datierung und Deutung der Beizeichen auf Stateren von Grtyn, by
Burkhard TRAEGER
441
447
461
473
487
The civic bronze coins of the Eleans: some preliminary remarks, by Franck
WOJAN
497
500
Antiquity: Roman
The coinage of Diva Faustina I, by Martin BECKMANN
509
514
The key to the Varus defeat: the Roman coin finds from Kalkriese, by Frank
BERGER
527
Monetary circulation in the Bosporan Kingdom in the Roman period c. first fourth century AD, by Line BJERG
533
The Roman coin hoards of the second century AD found on the territory of
present-day Serbia: the reasons for their burial, by Bojana BORI-BREKOVI
538
CONTENTS
Die Mnzprgung des Thessalischen Bundes von Marcus Aurelius bis Gallienus
(161-268 n. Chr.), by Friedrich BURRER
545
557
569
576
580
592
Analytical evidence for the organization of the Alexandrian mint during the
Tetrarchy (III-IV centuries AD), by J.M.COMPANA, L. LEN-REINA, F.J.
FORTES, L.M. CABALN, J.J. LASERNA, & M.A.G. ARANDA
595
605
613
621
629
635
Monuments on the move: architectural coin types and audience targeting in the
Flavian and Trajanic periods, by Nathan T. ELKINS
645
657
662
CONTENTS
668
New coins of pre- and denarial system minted outside Italy, by Paz GARCABELLIDO
676
686
696
709
Mars and Venus on Roman imperial coinage in the time of Marcus Aurelius:
iconological considerations with special reference to the emperors
correspondence with Marcus Cornelius Fronto, by Jrgen HAMER
715
The silver coins of Aegeae in the light of Hadrians eastern silver coinages, by F.
HAYMANN
720
726
732
742
749
757
765
772
The Nome coins: some remarks on the state of research, by Katarzyna LACH
780
785
CONTENTS
794
800
809
816
822
828
839
846
856
864
Die Sammlung von Lokalmythen griechischer Stdte des Ostens: ein Projekt der
Kommission fr alte Geschichte und Epigraphik, by Johannes NOLL
872
878
888
893
901
Could the unofficial mint called Atelier II be identified with the officinae of
Chteaubleau (France)?, by Fabien PILON
906
CONTENTS
911
916
926
933
941
A stone thesaurus with a votive coin deposit found in the sanctuary of Campo
della Fiera, Orvieto (Volsinii), by Samuele RANUCCI
954
964
973
Numismatics and archaeology in Rome: the finds from the Basilica Hilariana,
by Alessia ROVELLI
983
991
999
1004
1013
1019
1020
1025
CONTENTS
1037
The iconography of two groups of struck lead from Central Italy and Baetica in
the second and first centuries BC, by Clive STANNARD
1045
1056
Personalized victory on coins: the Year of the Four Emperors Greek imperial
issues, by Yannis STOYAS
1067
1073
1082
Gold and silver first tetrarchic issues from the mint of Alexandria, by D. Scott
VANHORN
1092
Note sulla circolazione monetaria in Etruria meridionale nel III secolo a.C., by
Daniela WILLIAMS
1103
Roman coins from the western part of West Balt territory, by Anna ZAPOLSKA
1115
Antiquity: Celtic
La moneda ibrica del nordeste de la Hispania Citerior: consideraciones sobre
su cronologa y funcin, by Marta CAMPO
1135
1142
1148
1155
Trading with silver bullion during the third century BC: the hoard of Armua de
Tajua, by Manuel GOZALBES, Gonzalo CORES & Pere Pau RIPOLLS
1165
1173
10
CONTENTS
1182
1191
1198
New coin finds from the two late Iron Age settlements of Altenburg (Germany)
and Rheinau (Switzerland) a military coin series on the German-Swiss border?,
by Michael NICK
1207
1218
Antiquity: general
La moneda en el mundo funerario-ritual de Gadir-Gades, by A. ARVALO
GONZLEZ
1231
Neues Licht auf eine alte Frage? Die Verwandschaft von Mnzen und Gemmen,
by Angela BERTHOLD
1240
Tipi del cane e del lupo sulle monete del Mediterraneo antico, by Alessandra
BOTTARI
1247
Not all these things are easy to read, much less to understand: new approaches to
reading images on ancient coins, by Geraldine CHIMIRRI-RUSSELL
1254
1261
Preliminary notes on Phoenician and Punic coins kept in the Pushkin Museum,
by S. KOVALENKO & L.I. MANFREDI
1266
Greek coins from the National Historical Museum of Rio de Janeiro: SNG
project, by Marici Martins MAGALHES
1278
1292
The sacred life of coins: cult fees, sacred law and numismatic evidence, by
Isabelle A. PAFFORD
1303
Anton Prokesch-Osten and the Greek coins of the coin collection at the
Universalmuseum Joanneum in Graz, Austria, by Karl PEITLER
1310
CONTENTS
11
1323
1334
Greek and Roman coins in the collection of the orum Museum, by D. zlem
YALCIN
1344
1355
1360
1372
1382
1392
1401
1408
1411
Norwegian bracteates during the twelfth and thirteenth centuries, by Linn EIKJE
1418
1426
1431
1436
1441
12
CONTENTS
1452
1458
1464
Among farmers and city people: coin use in early medieval Denmark, c. 10001250, by Gitte Tarnow INGVARDSON
1470
1477
1492
Byzantine coins from the area of Belarus, by Krystyna LAVYSH & Marcin
WOOSZYN
1500
Die frheste Darstellung des Richters auf einer mittelalterlicher Mnze?, by Ivar
LEIMUS
1509
Coinage and money in the years of insecurity: the case of late Byzantine
Chalkidiki (thirteenth - fourteenth century), by Vangelis MALADAKIS
1517
1535
The money of the First Crusade: the evidence of a new parcel and its
implications, by Michael MATZKE
1542
1552
1557
1564
1570
CONTENTS
13
1580
1591
The discovery of a hoard of coins dated to the fifth and sixth centuries in
Klapavice in the hinterland of ancient Salona, by Tomislav EPAROVI
1597
1605
1614
1620
1625
1633
1640
1649
1664
1671
1679
The money box system for savings in Amsterdam, 1907-1935, by G.N. BORST
1687
1693
14
CONTENTS
1704
1713
1719
1725
1734
1744
1748
Representaciones del caf en el acervo de numismtica del Museu Paulista USP, by Angela Maria Gianeze RIBEIRO
1752
Freiburg im echtland und die Mnzreformen der franzsischen Knige (16891726), by Nicole SCHACHER
1758
1765
1774
The political context of the origin and the exportation of thaler-coins from
Jchymov (Joachimsthal) in the first half of the sixteenth century, by Petr
VOREL
1778
The late sixteenth-century Russian forged kopecks, which were ascribed to the
English Muscovy Company, by Serguei ZVEREV
1783
1789
1796
CONTENTS
15
1807
1813
1821
1826
Numismatic research in Japan today: coins, paper monies and patterns of usage.
Paper money in early modern Japan: economic and folkloristic aspects, by
Keiichiro KATO
1832
1841
A study of medieval Chinese coins from Karur and Madurai in Tamil Nadu, by
KRISHNAMURTHY RAMASUBBAIYER
1847
1852
Silver fragments of unique Byid and amdnid coins and their role in the Kel
hoard (Czech Republic), by Vlastimil NOVK
1862
Numismatic evidence for the location of Saray, the capital of the Golden Horde,
by A.V. PACHKALOV
1869
Le regard des voyageurs sur les monnaies africaines du XVIe au XIXe sicles, by
Josette RIVALLAIN
1874
Les imitations des dirhems carrs almohades: apport des analyses lmentaires,
by A. TEBOULBI, M. BOMPAIRE & M. BLET-LEMARQUAND
1884
1890
Glass jetons from Sicily: new find evidence from the excavations at Monte Iato,
by Christian WEISS
1897
Medals
Joseph Kowarzik (1860-1911): ein Medailleur der Jahrhundertwende, by
Kathleen ADLER
1907
16
CONTENTS
1920
1931
1937
1945
The rediscovery of the oldest private medal collection of the Netherlands, by Jan
PELSDONK
1959
1965
Shines with unblemished honour: some thoughts on an early nineteenthcentury medal, by Tuukka TALVIO
1978
General numismatics
Dalliconografia delle monete antiche allideologia della nazione future.
Proiezioni della numismatica grecista di DAnnunzio sulla nuova monetazione
Sabauda, by Giuseppe ALONZO
1985
1993
The Count of Caylus (1692-1765) and the study of ancient coins, by Franois de
CALLATA
1999
2004
2012
2017
A prosopography of the mint officials: the Eligivs database and its evolution, by
Luca GIANAZZA
2022
2027
CONTENTS
17
2036
2044
Foundation of the Hellenic World. A new private collection open to the public,
by Eleni PAPAEFTHYMIOU
2046
2047
2058
2072
2082
2089
2100
From the electrum to the Euro: a journey into the history of coins. A multimedia
presentation by the Bank of Cyprus Cultural Foundation, by Eleni ZAPITI
2102
Highlights from the Museum of the George and Nefeli Giabra Pierides
Collection, donated by Clio and Solon Triantafyllides: coins and artefacts, by
Eleni ZAPITI & Evangeline MARKOU
2112
Index of Contributors
2118
498
FRANCK WOJAN
3. Ethnic in olive wreath
4. Eagle of Zeus right, sometimes left
5. Thunderbolt in olive wreath
Of course, Olympian Zeus (himself or one of his attributes) is present in the majority of cases.
In comparison with the silver coinage, two new types appear in bronze: the horse (which was an
animal bred in Elis for a long time) and the ethnic in olive wreath.
The ethnic is inscribed upon the reverse die, rarely upon the obverse one. Either the ethnic is
full (F) or it is an abbreviation of the two first letters (FA), like in the silver issues. With
the full ethnic, we can see that the second last letter is an omega and not an omicron: in Elis, we
know now with S. Minons work that the omega letter had taken the place of the omicron since the
middle of the fourth century BC.8
Some coins are countermarked. There are two countermarks: eagle right or thundering Zeus.
H. Nicolet thinks that some coins, which were very damaged, needed to be authenticated, in order
to be able to be of further use.9 In the Zacharo Hoard (IGCH 302), there are some very used coins
without any countermark. Maybe they had been withdrawn before being countermarked.10
There seem to be three denominations in the Zacharo Hoard:
This last denomination is very curious. It is heavier than the others (Nicolet thinks that it is
worth a drachm11) and it seems to have been issued for a short period only. Even stranger are the
monetary types. The obverse type is probably the head of Hera; on the reverse die is an eagle
standing right on a thunderbolt, like we know in the Ptolemaic Kingdom.
The date of this issue is not easy to fix. P. Franke suggests the fourth century BC, but I think
it was later. Nicolet-Pierre thinks it was the end of the third century BC or the beginning of the
second century BC; Moustaka suggests the second century BC,12 but J. Warren supposes that its
an Antonian dupondius, issued in the thirties BC.13 In the BCD Coll., we can read that there are,
however, a number of quite serious problems with these dates,14 but the author seems to agree
with Warren. He also reminds us of similarly large issues at Sparta and at Knossos, and all of them
were probably issued in the 30s BC. Nevertheless, we dont forget that, in Olympia, Ptolemy II
and Arsino had a statue in front of the Echo Stoa, and it was probably Ptolemy II who had the Palaestra built in Olympia.15 Is there a link with this issue? Or is there a link with the Chremonidean
War, based on an alliance made up of Athens and a number of mainly Peloponnesian cities and
Elis, aided by Egypt? Another possibility is to compare the eagle on the reverse die with the same
Minon 2007, p. 271, n. 69, and pp. 603-604.
Nicolet-Pierre 1992.
10
Oeconomides / Nicolet-Pierre 1993, pp. 202-203.
8
9
11
12
n 185-188.
13
Warren 1999, p. 381 and n 137-138.
14
BCD Coll. 2004, p. 86.
15
499
in the Epirote coinage. The question is open, but I dont know exactly why the Eleans issued coin
types which seem to be Ptolemaic and not typically Elean (the eagle in Elis-Olympia is never on
the thunderbolt). And Im not sure that these coins dated to the end of the first century BC.
These were some preliminary remarks about the civic bronze coinage of the Eleans. Theres a
lot of work involved and its not easy to answer all the questions about this coinage.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
BCD Coll. (2004) = Coins of Olympia. The BCD Collection. Auction Leu 90, 10 May 2004, Leu
Numismatics, Zrich, 2004, pp. 80-87 (bronze coinage).
Babelon, E. (1914), Trait des monnaies grecques et romaines, III, Paris, 1914, col. 759-62.
Franke, P.R. (1984), Olympia und seine Mnzen, Antike Welt 15/2, pp. 14-26.
Gardner, P. (1887), Catalogue of Greek Coins. Peloponnesus (excluding Corinth), London, pp.
XXXV-XXXVIII, pp. 58-76 and pl. X-XVI (pl. XII, XIV-XVI for the bronze coins).
Grandjean, C. (1998), La valeur des monnaies de bronze du Ploponnse lpoque classique et
hellnistique, Revue numismatique (1998), pp. 31-40.
Head, B.V. (19112), Historia Numorum. A Manual of Greek Numismatics, Oxford, 2nd ed.
Mallwitz, A. (1972), Olympia und seine Bauten, Darmstadt, 1972.
Minon, S. (2007), Les inscriptions lennes dialectales (VIe-IIe sicle avant J.-C.), 2 vol., Genve.
Moustaka, A. (1999), Die Fundmnzen der Sdostgrabung, in: Mallwitz, A. (ed.), XI. Bericht
ber die Ausgrabungen in Olympia, Berlin-New York, pp. 152-80 and pl. 42-45.
Nicolet-Pierre, H. (1975), Remarques sur la chronologie relative des plus anciennes sries de
statres lens, Revue numismatique, pp. 7-18.
Nicolet-Pierre, H. (1992), propos de monnaies dlis portant des contremarques, Bulletin de
la Socit franaise de Numismatique 4, pp. 287-89.
Nicolet-Pierre, H. (1998), Monnaies de bronze dans le Ploponnse, poques classique et hellnistique: quelques remarques sur le monnayage de bronze dlis et de Tge, Revue numismatique, pp. 41-44.
Oeconomides, M. / Nicolet-Pierre, H. (1993), Recherches sur le monnayage dlis-Olympie
lpoque hellnistique, in Hackens, T. / Moucharte, G. (dir.), Actes du XIe Congrs international
de Numismatique (organis loccasion du cent cinquantime anniversaire de la Socit royale
de Numismatique de Belgique). Bruxelles, 8-13 septembre 1991, Louvain-la-Neuve, pp. 193-203.
Seltman, C. (1921), The Temple Coins of Olympia, Cambridge.
Warren, J. (1999), More on the new landscape in the late Hellenistic coinage of the Peloponnese, in: Amandry, M. / Hurter, S. (eds.), Travaux de Numismatique grecque offerts Georges Le
Rider, Londres, pp. 375-93 and pl. 39.