EF 


‫א‬
‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    
 K‫א‬ 
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬       ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ∗
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬10
 K‫א‬20
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K112
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 

 W‫א‬ J1 J1

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J2 J1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
drilling ‫א‬ milling ‫א‬ turning ‫א‬‫א‬
shaping ‫א‬ grinding ‫א‬ sawing ‫א‬
boring ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ broaching ‫א‬
planning ‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
 K

-3-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J3 J1
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬       
‫א‬    ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Castings‫א‬ •
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬forgings‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬      •
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
K
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

Cutting Motions‫א‬ J4 J1

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ EK1-1F‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
، ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬     
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

[2]‫א‬WE1-1F‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
WCutting Motion‫א‬ J141
 WWorkpiece‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   
  K‫א‬tool‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W Feed Motion‫א‬W241
  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
Setting the Cutting Depth MotionW‫א‬ J341
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬    K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E21F‫א‬
-5-
 
‫א‬
 EF
 172

-6-
 

 
 ‫א‬

‫א‬E3  ‫א‬E2  K‫א‬(1 

 ‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5 K‫א‬E4
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE21F‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WThe Cutting Process‫א‬ J51

 WChip Formation E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ J151
،‫א‬ ، ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E ß1F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E31F‫א‬

 

[2] , [14]‫א‬WE31F‫א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J251
‫א‬    KEγF ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
KContinuous Chip‫א‬ Shear Chip‫א‬Broken Chip‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4 J1F‫א‬


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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 
[14]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE4.1F‫א‬
 
 ‫؛‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬
   ‫א‬   
°5 > ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﺟﺮف‬ °5<‫א‬  °15Zγ‫א‬
 °32 = ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬ °25 = ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬ °19 = Ф ‫زاوﻳﺔ ﻗﺺ‬
 
  ‫א‬       EF  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  χ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   E5 J1F ‫א‬
‫א‬Fh‫א‬‫א‬A ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 KEd‫א‬Fb‫א‬‫א‬Ef
  
 A = b . h = d . f [mm2]
 
-8-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


[14]χ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE5.1F‫א‬
 WBuilt -Up Edge‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J61
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬

 
[14]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE6.1F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 KL80 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
-9-
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 WGenerated Heat‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J71
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 1F‫א‬K  º 850 < ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ E7 1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

 

[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEK71F‫א‬ [2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WEK71F‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬      K‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬    K ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
    ،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
- 10 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Cooling and Lubrication‫א‬‫א‬ J81

  K ‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬
  .
 ،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
  ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E Mineral OilsF‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬،
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3 1F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬

 L19  ‫א‬‫א‬

   ‫א‬‫א‬
 L132  25
 L170  50
 L227  75
   ‫א‬
 L19  
 L227  
   ‫א‬
 L11–8  25
 ‫א‬xL0.4  
   ‫א‬
 L76  
 L151  
 ‫א‬L0.75  ‫א‬
   EF
 L38  
‫א‬‫א‬x ‫א‬L0.45  
   
 LL11  
 LL19  

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE11F‫א‬
[9]

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

  
‫ א‬ ‫ א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 J
GPO - GPO – GPO -
HDO -S S HDO – S S HDO - S S ‫א‬
HDS GPS HDS GPS HDS GPS 
HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC 
GPO - GPO – GPO -
HDO - S S HDO – S S HDO - S S ‫א‬
HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS 
GPO - S GPS GPO – S GPS GPO - S GPS 

HDO - GPO - HDO – GPO – HDO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS ‫א‬،‫א‬
GPO - GPO - GPO – GPO – GPO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS 
GPO - GPO - GPO – GPO – GPON - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS ‫א‬
HDO - GPO - HDO – GPO – HDO - GPO -
NS NS NS NS NS NS 

HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS HDS ‫א‬‫א‬
HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC HDAC
GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS GPS ‫א‬
[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE2 J1F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 GPO General purpose mineral oi   GPO General purpose mineral oi
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
 GPO General purpose mineral oil   GPO General purpose mineral oil
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 HDAC Heavy duty aqueous coolantGPAC General purpose aqueous coolant
 staining JNS Non‫א‬   S Staining‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬?‫א‬K‫א‬E1
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 

 K‫א‬E3
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E6
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E8
 

 K،‫א‬‫א‬E9
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 

 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 

 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
  

 W‫א‬‫א‬E17
 

 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

EF   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

E F   ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫د‬

EFK‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ذ‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18
 

 W‫א‬  J 

 K… …  …

 W‫א‬  J 

 K‫א‬…  ‫א‬…  …

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J 

 K‫…א‬ ‫א‬‫…א‬  ‫א‬‫…א‬

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J 

 Kº850<… º250 J150… º 150>…

 

 WE19
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

KEF‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬E20

- 16 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Cutting Parameters ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 W J1 J2
 K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬W‫א‬
 W ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬‫א‬ J ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J J
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬        ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬‫א‬K ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 W[m/min] Cutting Speed ‫א‬ J2 J2
K‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬
EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬KE2F ‫א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E 2F
 KEL‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
   ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬        •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ •
K‫א‬
KFinishing •
KRoughing‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬

 (n)‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 n =1000* V / πd   
 
 [m/min]‫א‬VW
 [rev/min] ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n  
 [mm] K‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬d  
 3.14Zπ  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5 J2FE4-2F،E3-2F،E2-2F،E1-2F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WFeed Speed [mm/rev]‫א‬ J3 J2
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 ،‫א‬    K         ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K ‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
KMild steel‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E5-2F E4-2F ، E3-2F ،E2-2F ،E1-2F ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
 WDepth of Cut [mm] ‫א‬ J4 J2
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬KK 
،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K 
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬

   
 L 140 200 J160 360 J220

H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 

90 – 220 - 150 - 110 -
0.8 0.2 - 0.4 125 320 56 - 71 200 25 - 36 140
56 – 140 - 100 - 71 -
1.6 0.2 - 0.8 100 250 32 - 63 180 16 - 32 120
71 - 45 -
3.2 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 80 200 20 - 50 63 - 140 10 -- 25 100
63 -
4.8 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 71 180 16 - 45 56 - 125 10 -- 25 36 – 90
45 -
6.4 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 63 140 16 - 40 36 - 120 8 -- 20 25 – 80

9.6 0.4 - 2.4 16 - 45 40 - 90 10 – 25 32 – 80 6 -- 16 20 – 56

12 .7 0.4 - 3.2 10 -- 40 36 - 90 8 -- 25 25 – 71 4-- 16 32 – 50

19 0.4 -- 3.2 10 -- 25 25 - 55 7 -- 16 20 – 40 3 -- 8 20 – 50
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE1-2F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[9]K120–90‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬
   
 L 160 200 J160 360 J220
H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 
110 – 71 – 63 –
0.8 0.2 - 0.8 63 - 90 160 32 - 50 120 20 – 32 100
100 – 63 –
1.6 0.2 - 0.8 50 - 80 140 25 - 45 110 16 – 25 56 – 90
63 –
3.2 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 71 140 20 - 40 45 - 90 10 – 25 40 – 71
63 –
4.8 0.2 - 1.6 32 - 63 125 16 - 32 36 - 80 9 – 20 32 – 71
56 –
6.4 0.2 - 1.6 25 - 63 120 16 - 32 36 - 71 8 – 20 25 – 63

9.6 0.4 - 3.2 20 - 40 36 – 80 9 -- 20 32 - 56 5 – 16 25 – 45

12 .7 0.4 - 2.4 16 - 40 25 – 80 8 -- 20 32 - 50 5 -- 10 20 – 40
0.4 --
19 3.2 10 - 36 20 – 71 7 -- 20 25 - 45 4 -- 10 20 -32
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE2 J2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 [9]‫א‬K120–90‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ L‫א‬

 L ،‫א‬ ،، ،‫א‬

H.S.S  H.S.S  H.S.S 

110 – 280 –
o.8 0.1 - 0.4 56 - 90 150 - 250 90 - 150 220 - 400 200 500
180 –
1.6 0.1 - 0.8 32 - 71 100 - 220 56 - 120 140 - 300 71 – 150 400
110 –
3.2 0.1 - 1.6 20 - 63 63 - 180 32 - 95 71 - 250 40 – 120 300
71 –
6.4 0.1 - 1.6 16 - 45 40 - 140 25 - 80 46 - 180 36 – 110 250
45 –
9.6 0.1 - 2.4 9 -- 40 25 - 140 16 - 71 32 - 150 20 – 90 200

- 21 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE3 J2F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
  [9]KK120–90‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬       –‫א‬  –   
‫א‬

‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 24 - 37 18 - 37 46 - 107 18 - 46 61 - 91 183 - 549 46 91

‫أﺳﺘﻘﺮاﺑﻴﺔ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.3 - 3.8 0.3 - 3.8 1.3 - 0.38 0.5 - 0.13 0.3 - 2.5 0.25 – 2.5 1.5 1.5

‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 30 - 46 38 - 61 61 - 122 37 - 61 76 - 152 183 - 549 91 122

‫ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺒﻴﺔ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.08 - 0.25 0.08 - 0.25 0.2 - 0.1 0.2 - 0.13 0.1 - 0.25 0.1 - 0.25 0.38 0.25

‫ﺗﺤﺰﻳﺰ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 15 - 23 15 - 27 37 - 61 30 - 37 30 - 61 107 - 152 46 91

‫و ﻓﺼﻞ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.25 - 2.03 0.25 - 1.5 0.2 - 0.1 0.15 - 0.1 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.25 0.13

‫ﺗﺠﻮﻳﻒ‬ ‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 60 - 125 18 - 38 43 - 11 20 - 30 61 - 91 549 46 61

Boring ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.13 - 0.5 0.13 - 0.1 0.13 - 2.5 0.13 - 0.5 0.2 – 1.5 0.5 0.5

‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 24 - 55 18 - 40 30 -- 11 14 - 20 61 - 91 154 - 549 30 91

‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺰ‬
‫واﺟﻬﻲ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.25 - 3.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 - 0.38 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 – 0.5

‫ دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬/ ‫م‬ 12 -- 30 18 - 30 11 -- 30 12 -- 18 61 - 91 152 - 549 30 61

‫ﺗﻔﺮﻳﺰ‬
‫ﻣﺤﻴﻄﻲ‬ ‫ دورة‬/ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ 0.13 - 0.5 0.25 - 3.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.13 - 0.38 0.25 - 0.76 0.25 – 1.3 0.13 - 0.76 0.5-0.13

Rough turningZ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ recessingZ

finish turningZ‫א‬ CutoffZ
Face millingZ‫א‬ Periphery millingZ
  [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE42F‫א‬
/ ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ )ﻣﻢ‬ / ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ )م‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻠﻴﺔ‬
(‫ﻋﻤﺮ اﻷداة ) دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫ﻋﻤﻖ اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ (‫دورة‬ (‫دﻗﻴﻘﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺼﻼدة‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة اﻟﺸﻐﻠﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﺘﺸﻐﻴﻞ‬
‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫ﻣﻢ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺳﻴﺮاﻣﻴﻚ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
17 55 0.51 0.25 0.25 168 366 ‫روآﻮﻳﻞ‬32 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻤﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﻮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
21 18 4.75 0.51 0.64 198 1524 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬241 ‫زهﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
28 15 6.35 0.41 0.46 213 549 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬200 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﺴﺒﻮآﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
33 23 4.75 0.41 0.51 198 671 ‫ﺑﻴﺮﻧﻴﻞ‬241 ‫زهﺮ‬ ‫ﺧﺸﻨﺔ‬
‫ﻣﻄﺮوﻗﺎت‬ ‫ﺧﺮاﻃﺔ‬
36 63 0.51 0.25 0.25 152 610 ‫روآﻮﻳﻞ‬32 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬ ‫ﻧﺎﻋﻤﺔ‬
 K[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ WE52F‫א‬

- 22 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 

 K‫א‬E3
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E5
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 

 K‫א‬E7
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E8
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 

  WE12
 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 

 EF  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 

   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E
 EFK‫א‬
 

 EF     K‫א‬‫א‬E

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 Cutting Tools
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J13
،E‫א‬‫א‬ F  ،F ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،E
‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬ •
، ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬      
K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬   •
K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E1 3F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

 
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE13F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J23
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ W‫א‬‫א‬  •
 KKKK،،
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬ •
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  W‫א‬ ‫א‬  •
‫א‬       ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  •

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E43F،E33F،E23F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
WE23F‫א‬
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬

 
 
[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE33F‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

[9]WE43F‫א‬

 
 WTool Angles‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J33
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E53F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE53F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬     W     ‫א‬‫א‬   
  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

   ‫א‬‫א‬
 J 8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EγF‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº20
 
40‫א‬  EβF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º7060‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º50
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E‫א‬αF‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº85
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ε F ‫א‬  ‫א‬
      Kº90 J11  E‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  EχF‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬
 Kº90 J0
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E53FE33FE13F‫א‬‫א‬
 WTool Signature ‫א‬‫א‬ J43
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ISO ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 ISO2 DIN4972 L 25q k10   
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ISO2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ DIN4972
 K‫א‬  L  
 K25‫א‬  25q 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K10

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J5–3
K‫א‬     ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K
         ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ،º200 
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    K      ‫א‬
º 600 ،‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬   
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K(HSS) ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬   EInserts F  
‫א‬‫א‬º900‫א‬‫א‬K
 ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
Kº1200‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،H‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EKKKK،‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E63F،E43F،E23F‫א‬‫א‬
 

   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 EFE F
[1]KEFEFWE63F‫א‬

- 29 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

1870‫א‬‫א‬E63F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬،‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •

    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
،
8 - 10 7  J 0 6-8 7-9 ،‫א‬
8 - 12 0 - 12 8 - 10 8 - 10 1045SAE 
10 - 14 0 - 14 7-9 7-9 1112SAE 
10 - 16 0 - 14 7-9 7-9 1335SAE 
8 - 10 0 - 10 7-9 7-9 3135SAE 
8 - 10 0-8 7-9 7-9 6140SAE 
8 - 12 0-5 6-8 10  J8 
15 0 14 12 - 14 
4-6 0 8 - 10 8 - 10 
12 - 20 0 - 16 12 - 14 12 - 14 
0-8 0 6 - 10 8 - 10 
0 - 10 0-2 8 - 12 10 - 12 
SAE = Society of automative Engineers
 EF‫א‬‫א‬
[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE13F‫א‬

 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
٪‫א‬‫א‬
     AISI
Co V Mo W Cr C Type
‫א‬
1 8.5 1.5 4 0.85 M1
2 5 6 4 1.05 M2
2 8.75 1.75 4 1 M7
8 1.15 9.5 1.5 4 0.9 M 33
8 1.15 9.5 1.5 3.75 1.1 M 42
‫א‬
1 18 4 0.75 T1
8 2 18 4 0.8 T5
5 2 14 4 0.75 T8
5 5 12 4 1.5 T 15
 
  [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE23F‫א‬

- 32 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬

‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
10 – 20 10 J0 6 - 10 6 - 10 ‫א‬
15 – 20 0-4 6-8 6-8 
5 J8 0-5 6-8 6-8 ‫א‬
6-7 0-7 5-8 5-8 
‫א‬
6-7 0-7 5 - 10 5 - 10 1020SAE
SAE 
6-7 0-7 5-8 5-8 1025
6-7 0 -7 5-8 5-8 
–
6-7 70 - 5 -- 10 5 -- 10 EF
F–
6-7 0 -7 5-8 5-8 E
 
 [9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE33F‫א‬
 
 
 
 

- 33 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬‫א‬
   
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ٪ ٪ ٪ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  3 97 P10
  6 94 P20
‫א‬‫א‬  8 92  P50
‫א‬‫א‬ ،، 10 5 85 M10
‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬،
  8 14 78 M20
  6 15 79  M40
‫א‬‫א‬ ، 4 30 66 K10
‫א‬‫א‬
 ، 5 50 45 K20
 ، 6 60 34  K40

[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE43F‫א‬
 
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬
8 - 20 8 - 20 7 7 
8 8 5 5 
4 0 5 5 
4 4 5 5 
8 - 20 8 - 20 7 7 
 [9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE53F‫א‬
 
- 34 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

٪‫א‬‫א‬
100 525‫א‬ TX - 90 ‫א‬

41.5 - 43.5 40 - 45 42 - 45 ‫א‬

max 1.5 1 -- 7 1 -- 7 ‫א‬
32.75 -
34.25 25 - 30 27 - 32 ‫א‬
18.25 -
19.25 16 - 21 14 - 19 ‫א‬
1.85 - 2.05 2 -- 4 2-4 ‫א‬
3 -- 8 2 -- 5 ‫א‬
max 0.75 1 -- 3 1 -- 3 ‫א‬
max 2 2 -- 5 2 -- 5 ‫א‬
0.4 - 0.6 0.3 - 0.7 0.3 - 0.7 ‫א‬
0.85 - 1.05 ‫א‬
 
 [9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE63F‫א‬

- 35 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WTool Wear ‫א‬‫א‬ J63

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W J‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬
   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫• א‬
K‫א‬
 W J‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬Flank Wear Land‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Wear Crater‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E73F‫א‬

 
[14]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE73F‫א‬
BK‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،
 0,3  0,25 Cd / CmK‫א‬‫א‬ 1,6  1,2‫א‬‫א‬

- 36 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

Cm‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ Cd ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 WTool Life‫א‬‫א‬W73
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K480،180،12090،60،30‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 W‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 V.Tn = C
 W
 K[m/ min]‫א‬V
 K‫א‬‫א‬T
 K‫א‬Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬C
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n
 
 ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 1–0.60.25–0.20.5 – 0.1n
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J173
 WE1F
L  284  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  2  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
L 232 ‫א‬‫א‬K 10‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K60‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬30‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
V10= π d n / 12 = π(2) (284) / 12 = 149 f/min
V60 = π d n / 12 = π (2) (232) / 12 = 122 f/min
- 37 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬
n n
= C = V2 T2 V1 T1
V1 / V2 = (T2 / T1) n
149 /122 = (60 / 10) n
1.22 = 6n n = 0.11

C = VTn = 149 (10) 0.11 = 149 (1.288) = 192

V T0.11 = 192
V30 = 192 / (30)0.11 = 192 / 1.455
 V30 = 132 fpmin (L)
KL122‫א‬‫א‬30‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬
Ln = 12 v / π d = (12)(122)/ π(2) n =233
‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K = V . Tn . fn1 . d n2
 W
 0.8 J0.5Z‫א‬ K
 0.4 J0.2Z‫א‬ f
 ‫א‬d
 0.80.5‫א‬n1
 0.40.2‫א‬n2
 :E2F
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬AISI 2340  J
 2.035 = VT 0.13 f 0.77 d 0.37
L75Z‫א‬‫א‬100‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KL0.0125Z0.1
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

- 38 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (1
 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (2
 20%‫א‬‫א‬ (3
 20%‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (4
 W‫א‬
20%‫א‬‫א‬E1
V = 1.2 x 75 = 90 (f / min)
T = K / V f d = 2.035 / 90 (0.0125)0.77 (0.1)0.37
n1 n2

= 2.035 (0.034) (0.426) = 1.56

T = 1.561 / 0.13 = 1.567.7
  = 31min
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 20%‫א‬‫א‬E2
f = 0.0125 0 1.2 = 0.015 iprELF
T0.13 = 2.035 / 75 (0.015)0.77 (0.1)0.37 = 2.035 / 75 (0.038) ( 0.426)
T = (1.67)7.7 = 31min
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ٪20‫א‬‫א‬E3
d = 1.2 x 0.1 = 0.12 in
T0.13 = 2.035 / 75 (0.0125)0.77 (0.12)0.37 = 2.035 / 75 (0.034) ( 0.456)
T = (1.745)7.7 = 73 min
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 20%‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
V = 90 fpm, S = 0.014 ipr, d = 0.12 mm
Τ = K /VSn1d n2 = 2.035/ 90(0.0125)0.77 (0.1)0.37
T0.13 = 2.035 / 90 (0.038) (0.456) =
= 7.5 min T = (1.3)7.7
K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬، ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،7.5100

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1
 

  ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 

 ‫؟‬γ‫א‬‫א‬E5
 

 ‫؟‬λ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 

 ‫؟‬αs‫א‬‫א‬α ‫א‬‫א‬E7
 

 ‫؟‬β‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8
 

 ‫؟‬χ‫א‬‫א‬E9
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬E10
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E12
 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E13
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
 

 WEFEFE16
 EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬……
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…  ‫א‬ …
 ‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬…
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…‫א‬‫א‬…
 

 WE18
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫أ( א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

 K?‫א‬?‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E20
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E22
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Cutting Forces‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W J1 J4
‫א‬‫א‬ Fs‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Fz‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬KFSN‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،Φ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14F‫א‬

 
 [2]‫א‬WE14F‫א‬
 W‫א‬
‫א‬، ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ (‫ت‬
 K‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

 ‫א‬  E FixturesF‫א‬E

 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬,
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WCalculation of Cutting Force‫א‬ J24

21‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
Richter, Kronenberg,        K ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Taylor, Merchant and Kinziele
 ،‫א‬  ،‫א‬    ،‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬   
 K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬Kinziele
Fc = b . h . ks
z
ks= ks.1.1 / h = ( 3 – 5) σs
 
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬ h K‫א‬‫א‬b
 K1Z‫א‬‫א‬1Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Ks.1.1
K‫א‬z
 K‫א‬ σs
 E14F‫א‬zk s.1.1 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
‫א‬
Ks1.1 ‫א‬  ‫א‬
kp * mm-2 Z [kp * mm-2]

176 0.17 50 42

199 0.26 52 50
211 0.17 62 60
222 0.14 67 ck 45c,45 ‫א‬
213 0.18 77 ck 60c,60 ‫א‬
210 0.26 77 16Mn Cr 5
225 0.3 63 18Cr Ni 6
224 0.21 60 34Cr Mo 4
250 0.25 73 42 Cr V 4
174 0.24 94 55 NiCrMoV 6
192 0.24 HB 352 55NiCrMoV 6 
255 0.18 60 - 70 
332 0.22 
160 0.17 30 - 50 45
205 0.19 Rc 46 
95 0.2 hB 200 15 J
116 0.25 HB 200 25
65 0.24 
78 0.19 HB80 - 120 
65 0.24 HB30 - 42 ‫א‬
10N/mm2‫א‬ kp/mm2
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE14F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W1 J4‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
2‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬1.2–1.1
 ‫א‬
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.9
 KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ 1.5 J1.3
‫א‬‫א‬L125‫א‬‫א‬1.2 J1.1
 
WCalculation of Machine Power ‫א‬ J34
 Pc = FC. V / 102 . 60 [kw]  Pc‫א‬
 W
 K[ N]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬FC   K[m / min]‫א‬  V
 K‫א‬‫א‬102‫א‬60‫א‬
‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
η‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬
 WEF
Pmotor = Pc / η [kw]    
 K‫א‬ 0.90.7η
 WCutting Force Components ‫א‬ J44
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬E14F‫א‬
K‫א‬    ‫א‬        
Fp FaF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E24F‫א‬
 KFcFFFa

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

  
 

 
[14]‫א‬WE24F‫א‬

 W
‫א‬   67%    Etangential componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  FC
‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 
K‫א‬ ‫א‬   %27    Eradial componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Fp
K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ 12<‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

EF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KEsteady or follower restF
 
K‫א‬ ‫א‬   %6   Eaxial componentF ‫א‬ ‫א‬  FF
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K
 
WFactors affecting the Cutting Force ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J54
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ث‬

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫خ‬

- 47 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E2
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E3
 

 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫؟‬‫א‬E5
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E8
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E9
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 

 ‫؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬E11
 

 WE12
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 KEF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 EF‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬E
 

  L  45   st 50 ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ E13
 22.4‫א‬
 W‫א‬K2L2000Ks.1.1‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ (‫أ‬

K‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ت‬

 

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 EF
‫א‬
‫א‬

2
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
،‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬،‫א‬ W‫א‬
 ،‫א‬     ، ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
‫א‬  ‫א‬   ،   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
K     ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬
،‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
K‫א‬ •
‫א‬‫א‬ •
 ‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬
- 52 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

- 53 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Drilling‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬

 E1-5
، ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ، ‫א‬    ، E‫א‬F    ،E‫א‬F  
 K‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬      ، ‫א‬  
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ W   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬‫א‬F
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ،‫א‬     ‫א‬  K‫א‬    
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬E15F‫א‬
         Drilling  ‫א‬  E2  5F ‫א‬
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ Counter Boring‫א‬K
 K‫א‬

 
[14]K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬

 
- 54 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


 
 
[14]‫א‬‫א‬WE25F‫א‬

 W‫א‬E2-5
،،W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬،‫א‬، ،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
 
 E‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬E125
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
–1Twist Drill‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K‫א‬    0.8 – 0.1      60
116‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
K‫א‬ ˚140 130 ‫א‬˚125 120،‫א‬ ◦118
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ F ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬
  KE‫א‬
- 55 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E35F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   WShank‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ WCutting Part‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ WEFluteF‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   WMagrin‫א‬
 K‫א‬
   
   
 ‫א‬K1  ‫א‬K1
‫א‬‫א‬K2  ‫א‬K2
 ‫א‬‫א‬K3 K3
 ‫א‬K4  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K5  ‫א‬K4
 ‫א‬K6  ‫א‬K5
  ‫א‬K6
 
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE35F‫א‬
 

- 56 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E45F‫א‬K

 

[14]K‫א‬‫א‬WE45F‫א‬
‫א‬K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ E1 J5F

- 57 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


[2]K‫א‬WE15F‫א‬

- 58 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WCounter Boring‫א‬E35
 ‫א‬     ‫א‬ ،      ‫א‬   
– 8E‫א‬F K‫א‬ 
˚90 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ˚75 ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ˚60   ‫א‬  80
   K‫א‬   ˚120 ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
K‫א‬    ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬     
    ‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
E2 5F ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬E5 5F‫א‬K٪ 50 – 30‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬

[2]K‫א‬WE55F‫א‬
 

- 59 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE25F‫א‬
 
- 60 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WReaming‫א‬E45
 
‫א‬‫א‬ 0.04‫א‬
 0.005 ‫א‬‫א‬K IT 10
    ،        K IT 8    
 K IT 6    0.001‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ، ‫א‬ 14 – 6‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬0.1‫א‬ 0.3K‫א‬
d = 0.005 . D + 0.1 [mm]W‫א‬K
E3 J 5F‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬E6 5F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

   
 J  ‫א‬ J
[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE65F‫א‬

- 61 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


 
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE35F‫א‬

- 62 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬E5-5
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE4.5F‫א‬K


[2]‫א‬WE45F‫א‬
 

- 63 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E6 J5
،‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬ E7 5FE6 5F،E 5 5F‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
‫א‬   st  
 60 ‫א‬
 J100  J30 30 J12 40 J30 
150 60 ‫א‬
0.6–0.1 –0.1 0.6–0.1 0.4–0.1 
0.6
‫א‬

[2]‫א‬WE55F‫א‬

  

–50 > <
70 200 200 100> 100< ‫א‬
0.4 -- 0.3 --
0.2 -- 0.4 0.7 0.5 0.3 -- 0.5 0.2 -- 0.4 25 – 40
0.4 --
0.3 -- 0.6 0.5 -- 1 0.8 0.4 -- 0.8 0.2 -- 0.3 40 – 60
6 – 10 8 -- 15 6 -- 12 8 -- 12 6 – 10 ‫א‬
[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE J65F‫א‬

- 64 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
L‫א‬
‫א‬  
<
 200 200> 70< 70> ‫א‬
0.63 -
0.8 0.25 -0.4 0.63 - 0.8 0.11 - 0.18 0.25 - 0.4 5
0.8 - 0.9 0.4 - 0.5 0.8 - 0.9 0.18 - 0.22 0.4 - 0.5 5–8
0.9 0.50.56 0.9 0.22 - 0.25 0.5 - 0.56 8 – 10
0.9 - 0.1 0.56 0.71 0.9 - 1 0.25 - 0.31 0.56 - 0.71 10 – 15
0.71 --
1 - 1.12 0.8 1 - 1.12 0.31 - 0.35 0.71 - 0.8 15 – 20
1.12 0.8 -- 0.9 1.12-.25 0.35 - 0.4 0.8 - 0.9 20 – 25
1.12 -
1.25 0.9 - 1 1.25 0.4 - 0.45 0.9 - 1 25 – 30
1.25 1 - 1.1 1.25 0.45 - 0.5 1 - 1.1 30 - 40
1.25 --
1.4 1.1 - 1.25 1.25- 1.4 0.5 - 0.56 1.1 - 1.24 40 – 50
1.4 1.25 1.4 1.4 0.56 - 0.63 1.25 - 1.4 50 – 60

> 1.4 > 1.4 > 1.4 > 0.63 > 1.4 60<
12 – 20 7 -- 10 12 -- 14 3 -- 5 6 -- 12 ‫א‬
[9]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬WE J65F‫א‬

- 65 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
63 50 40 31.5 25 20 16 12.5 10 8 6.3 5 m/min ‫א‬
0.63 0.63 0.56 0.56 0.5 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 22.4
12.5 -
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 10
1.4 1.25 1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.71 0.63 0.56 0.5 0.45 0.4 8 - 6.3
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 31.5
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 40
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 50 st 60
0.63 0.63 0.56 0.56 0.5 0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 31.5
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 25 - 20
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.12 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 14
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 50 
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 63
0.22 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 71 
0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 80 - 63
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 50 –28
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.12 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 25
0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 0.25 140–12
0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 80 - 63 
140-
0.32 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 125 ‫א‬
0.5 0.45 0.45 0.4 0.4 0.36 0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 0.28 0.25 20 - 16
0.18 0.16 0.14 0.12 0.11 0.1 0.09 0.08 0.07 0.06 0.06 0.05 12.5-10
1.4 1.4 1.25 1.25 1.2 1.12 1 1 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 12.5-10 
0.36 0.32 0.32 0.28 20
0.4 0.36 0.32 0.28 0.25 0.22 0.2 0.18 25 
0.25 0.22 0.22 0.2 0.2 0.18 0.18 0.16 31.5 22
 
[9]‫א‬‫א‬WE7 J5F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E7 J5
‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   F    E8  5F ‫א‬ K ‫א‬ ‫א‬
KE‫א‬
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 
[1]KUpright drillWE75F‫א‬
K4speed pole changing motor
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Off/forward/ reverse switch
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Speed control switch
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Hand feed lever
‫א‬ Morse taper spindle ‫א‬‫א‬Spindle head
‫ א‬Work table ‫א‬ Table slides Column
 Base ‫א‬‫א‬Table elevating handle
‫א‬Table elevating screw

- 67 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  K‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  Column‫א‬
 K‫א‬ 
K Work table‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬
 K  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬ W‫א‬  ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬    E8  5F ‫א‬ K ‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬
 K‫א‬

 
[9]‫א‬W J8 J5

- 68 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 8K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ – 8 – 5‫אא‬KK‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬

- 69 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 
[9]KWE-85F‫א‬

- 70 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E85
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
in [N] F = (f . D / 2) . ks
 W
 KEd‫א‬F‫א‬2LD  KELF‫א‬  f
k z ‫א‬h‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K s.1.1 k
 s

 K55E1.4F‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬σKh = (f / 2) sin σ‫א‬h‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
in [kW] Pc = (f . D2 / 8) ks . (n / 97400)
 η‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
in [kW] Pmotor = Pc / η
WCutting Time‫א‬‫א‬E9 J5
 W‫א‬
tc = L / n . f
 WE9 J 5F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ L
L = lx + lb + lwp + la
 ELF‫א‬ f  ELF‫א‬‫א‬ n
lx = (D / 2 . tan σ / 2) ‫א‬lx

 
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE95F‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
K‫א‬ (1
 

K،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (2
‫؟‬‫א‬ (3
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (4
K‫א‬ (5
‫؟‬‫א‬ (6
K‫א‬‫א‬ (7
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (8
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (9
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (10
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (11
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (12
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (13
K‫( א‬14
K‫א‬ (15
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (17
42012‫א‬ (18
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬2L
L1000‫א‬‫א‬،º116Zσ‫א‬‫א‬،L0.22
K0.9Zη‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬19
 KL1500Z‫א‬‫א‬ J  K35Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 KL0.4Z‫א‬ J    16Z‫א‬ J
 K5Z‫א‬ J   5Z‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J   º120Zσ‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Turning ‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1-6
  ‫א‬   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ?‫א‬?‫א‬
KSymmetrical Workpieces ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  
K ‫א‬‫א‬E16F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 E ‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
EFacingF ETurningF
[2]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE1 J 6

 

 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WTypes of Turning Processes‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2–6

‫א‬ K   ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
KE26F‫א‬

 
[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE2 J6F‫א‬
 
WTypes of Lathe Machines ‫א‬‫א‬E36
 W ‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،W‫א‬
 K‫א‬W‫א‬
 K،،W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Center Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬   ‫א‬‫א‬     Facing Lathe ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ Copying Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E
 
 
E‫א‬ ‫א‬F Capstan Lathe E‫א‬F Turret Lathe‫א‬‫• א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 
    ،   F Special Lathes   •
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬KE
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
‫א‬  ‫א‬      Vertical Lathe ‫א‬ ‫• א‬
 K‫א‬
 
K،‫א‬،EF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E36F‫א‬


[9]  J

 
[9] J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

[9]‫א‬ J

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 

  J
[9]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE36F‫א‬
‫א‬  K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WComponents of the Lathe‫א‬E4 J6

‫א‬‫א‬E46F‫א‬
 K‫א‬


[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE46F‫א‬
 
‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬Bed ‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  head Stock ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬    Tail Stock E‫א‬ ‫א‬F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Spindle‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬Lead ScrewE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WFeed Shaft ‫א‬  J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Carriage‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Bed Slide WaysE‫א‬F‫א‬  J
  K‫א‬ ‫א‬     ‫א‬  ‫א‬  
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ Cross Slide ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ Upper Slide ‫א‬‫ א‬ J
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
K،‫א‬K‫א‬Tool Box‫א‬  J
K‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E5 J6
 K‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ E5 6F‫א‬K‫א‬ 
 KE66F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
 


[5]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE56F‫א‬
 
 

 
 
[5] WE66F‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

WFixtures‫א‬E6 J6
 

‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WK‫א‬‫א‬
 

 WChuck‫ א‬ J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 100 >‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 

 WChuck and Center‫א‬‫ א‬ J

    ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬ K 100 <  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬
 

 WThe Face Plate‫ א‬ J

‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

 WTwo Centers  J
‫א‬    K   ،‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬Lathe Carier or Dog
 

 WThe Clamp Chuck or Collet‫א‬‫ א‬ J

 K12>‫א‬‫א‬
 

WSteady or Follower Rest‫ א‬ J

‫א‬E12<F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  J
 

 W
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
- 82 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E76F‫א‬

   
   J     J‫א‬

 

   ‫א‬  

 

     ‫א‬ 

   

 EF  EF
- 83 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

[5]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE76F‫א‬
W‫א‬‫א‬E76
H‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬ = ‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬H‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬   ‫א‬  
 K
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 tc = L / n .f minutes
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬n‫א‬FK‫א‬  tc

 WL K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  L
L = lb + lwp + la
 K‫א‬la  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬lwp
 ‫א‬‫א‬ lb
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E86F‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE86F‫א‬
 

 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J6
  ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   K‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬   ،‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  ،‫א‬ 
  ،    ‫א‬‫א‬ ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ،
،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K،‫א‬،
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

   ،‫א‬ ،‫א‬ ،F ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   -
KE 
 

 W ،‫א‬ -
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

   ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ، F ‫א‬ ‫• א‬

 E
F‫א‬ •
 KE
F‫א‬‫• א‬
 ECNC
‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ -
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
 KE‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 E‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  F ‫א‬ ‫א‬   -
 K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬ -
 K‫א‬‫א‬ -
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ -
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E9-6
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E196
EMild SteelF st 50 ‫א‬
 K10‫א‬‫א‬E96F‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬WE96F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬
 K8540‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K100>‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  J
 KEHHF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬  J
WE106F‫א‬‫א‬  J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬
 E2F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
E3F‫א‬
 ‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 E4F
  ‫א‬
 E5F

 K‫א‬WE106F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E2FE1F
 K‫א‬E4FE3F
 K‫א‬E5F
 KE‫א‬ F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬ J
 KL20ZV‫א‬،L2Zf‫א‬،2.5Zd‫א‬E1F‫א‬
 n
 n =1000.V / 3.14 . D
40=159.3 [R /min]14 ..n = 1000 . 20 / 3
  KE1F‫א‬E2F‫א‬
 KEnF،L20ZV L2Zf  1Zd E3F‫א‬
 K????L20ZV L2Zf 9.5 Zd E4F‫א‬
 K???L28ZVL0.063Z f 0.5 Zd E5F‫א‬
 KPmax‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 KE4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K 
 W‫א‬
Fc = b. h. Ks
z
Ks= Ks.1.1 / h Fc = d. f. Ks
Ks= 199 / 2 = 5276 [N.mm2]
0.26

Fc = 9.5 . 2 . 199 / 20.26 = 13287.2 [ N]

Pmax = Fc . V / 60 . 102

Pmax = (13287.2)/ 6120 = 2.171 [kW]

 0.8η‫א‬‫א‬
 WPmotor‫א‬‫א‬
Pmotor = Pmax / η = 2.171 / 0.8 = 2.71 [kW]
 ‫א‬‫א‬_
  tc = L / n . f          ‫א‬
 20‫א‬30Z‫א‬،3Z‫א‬‫א‬
L = lb + lwp + la
= 3 + 30+ 0 = 33 mm
n = 1000 . 20 / 3.14 . 30 = 212 [r / min]
tc = 33 / 212 . 2 = 33 / 424 = 0.07 [ min]
 W‫א‬ J
 ، ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬ ‫א‬  
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 WTaper Turning‫א‬‫א‬E296
 W‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ 
 W‫אא‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬E116F‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE116F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ 
α =D–d/2L
 W‫א‬ (‫أ‬
‫א‬   ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬    ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E126F‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬WE126F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ج‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

º10Z‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K750–500
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬E136F‫א‬

 
[5]K‫א‬WE136F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ح‬
  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   K     ‫א‬‫א‬   
  E14  6F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE J146F‫א‬
[5]K‫א‬
 
235‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬º6‫א‬

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE J146F‫א‬

AC = 235 . tan 6º = 235 . 0.0523 = 12.3 mm

‫א‬‫א‬ 20F 20:1‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬E1
 11.75Z20L235Z‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 5.88Z2L11.75Z‫א‬

 WScrew Turning‫א‬‫א‬E396
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E156F‫א‬ 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
[2]‫א‬‫א‬WE156F‫א‬
 
‫א‬FE6F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E7F‫א‬‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ KE‫א‬FE4F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬
E‫א‬FE3F‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
،E8F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EZ2 F‫א‬EZ1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬E8F
 E2F‫א‬‫א‬LE1F‫א‬‫א‬
 E1F‫א‬‫א‬LE 2 F‫א‬‫א‬Z
L1Z2L1
 2

 6Z‫א‬‫א‬3Z‫א‬
 2L1Z6L3Z2L1
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
      ‫א‬   ،‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬   
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 KE16  6F‫א‬

- 93 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE16  6F‫א‬

- 94 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬1
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬2
 

K‫א‬‫( א‬3
K‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬4
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬5
 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬ J K‫א‬ J K‫א‬‫א‬ J

 W‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫ج( א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J  K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J  K‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬ J
 

K‫א‬‫א‬ (6
 

‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫( א‬7
 

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (8
 

‫؟‬‫א‬ (9
 

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (10
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬11
 

‫؟‬‫א‬ (12
 

- 95 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (13
 

W‫א‬‫א‬‫( א‬14
 W‫א‬E
 K100>‫א‬ J K100>‫א‬ J K100<‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬E
 ‫א‬ J‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ JK100<‫א‬ J
  K12>
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 K J100>‫א‬ J12>‫א‬ J
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (15
 

 ‫א؟‬‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (16
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (17
 

‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (18
 

‫؟‬‫א‬ (19
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (20
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (21
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (22
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ (23
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (24
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (25
W‫א‬‫א‬E1F‫א‬‫א‬ (26

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (27
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (28
W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (29

 
 Kº5‫א‬250‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E30
 

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E31
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E32
 60Z‫א‬ J   K4Z‫א‬ J
 L0.4Z‫א‬ J KL25Z‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J K20‫א‬ J
 K0.8Zη‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

  Milling ‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 WE1 J7
‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬ K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 
 ،   ،‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ،‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
  K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ ،E‫א‬ F ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬EPeripheral milling F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬E1 7F‫א‬KE Face millingF ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 

[14]K‫א‬WE17F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬L‫א‬fz ‫א‬b   ‫א‬d
‫א‬ae    ‫א‬‫א‬φs

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

WMilling Applications ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27

،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬


[2]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE27F‫א‬

 
 
 WMilling Machines‫א‬E37
‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬  W   
 KE37F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 


[14]KWE37F‫א‬
 
 7F‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
‫א‬،‫א‬ ،‫א‬  KE4
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 

 

 
 
[9]WE47F‫א‬
‫ א‬Bed Cross Saddle Vertical Saddle
 Crossrail ‫א‬‫א‬Spindle Carrier ‫א‬Work Surface
- 101 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WMilling Cutters ‫א‬E4 J7

K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W ‫א‬
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬W J
 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬W‫א‬ J
 K،،، W J
 K،،W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬E57F‫א‬

- 102 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
[4]K‫א‬WE57F‫א‬

 ‫א‬‫א‬E5 J7
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬KE‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬

ft = fz . z. n
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  n
 KELF‫א‬‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  z
 KELFE‫א‬‫א‬F،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬   fz
 KEKF‫א‬   ft
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E1 7F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
 
[2]K‫א‬‫א‬WE17F‫א‬
- 104 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E6-7
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 L = lb + lwp + la[mm]
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E67F‫א‬

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE67F‫א‬
   
 W‫א‬E77
‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ W ‫א‬        
 ‫א‬ ‫א‬  K ‫א‬  ‫א‬   ‫א‬  K‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬  ،‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬      
 ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬E177
‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬EK7.7FEK7.7F

 
Conventional EK7.7F‫א‬ [14]Climb MillingWEK7.7F‫א‬
 Milling
 ‫א‬   ‫א‬   ‫א‬
K       ‫א‬ ‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  K
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬
Ftotal = Fc . zie
zie = z. φs / 360
Cos φs = 1 – 2d / D
 W
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ z
 ie

 K‫א‬ z
 K‫א‬‫א‬ φs
 K‫א‬ d
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

K‫א‬ D
 K‫א‬‫א‬E87F‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬WE87F‫א‬
Cos φs = ((D / 2 – d) / (D / 2) = 1 – 2d / D
zie / z = φs / 360
zie = (z . φs ) / 360
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
Fc = b . hm . ks
ks = ks.1.1 / hm
Hm = (114.6 / φs) . fz . (d / D)
 KEF‫א‬‫א‬  hmW
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E277
      ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬  
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 W‫א‬u‫א‬‫א‬
 u = 0.05 d
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬d
 E‫א‬F  E‫א‬‫א‬F
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 D= 1.33 . b  d =1.66 . b

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E97F‫א‬

 
[14]K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE97F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬E1277
‫א‬‫א‬     ، ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
 K
   ‫א‬ hm ‫א‬‫א‬     ‫א‬‫א‬  ‫א‬  
 KE107F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE107F‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
hm = (57.3 / φs) . fz . sin χ ( cos φ1 – cos φ2)
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

φs = φ2 – φ1
cos φ1 = 2 B1 / D
cos φ2 = 2 B2 / D
zie = z . φs / 360º
 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ zie
 K‫א‬  z
 K[°]‫א‬‫א‬ χ
 K‫א‬  D
 K‫א‬  d
 W‫א‬‫א‬E1 J8F
‫א‬‫א‬E 50 Kp/mmF ST 50‫א‬
 KE117F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬3
 W
 H.s.s.‫א‬‫א‬  8Zz‫א‬  80ZD‫א‬ 
 50Z‫א‬   γZº12    χ = 90º 

 
 E1 J8F‫א‬WE11 J7F‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W‫א‬
 ،d‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬ 
 W‫א‬‫א‬ 
 KL0.1ZEL‫א‬Ffz  
 KL25ZE‫א‬FV  
 0.26Zz  199ZKs.1.1  
[kW] Pc = Ftotal . V / 102 . 60
Ftotal = Fc . zie
zie = z . φs / 360º
Cos φs = 1 – 2 d / D
= 1 – (2 . 3 / 80)   
= 1 – (6 / 80)   
= 80 – (6 / 80)   
= 74 / 80   
= 0.925  
φs = 22º 20´ = 22.33º

zie = (8 . 22.33) / 360 = 0.497

Fc = b . hm . ks
hm = (114.6 / 22.33) . 0.1. (3 / 80) = 0.0193 mm
ks = ks.1.1 / hz = 199 / 0.01930.26 = 5600 N . mm2
Fc = 50 . 0.0193 . 5600 =540.4 N
Ftotal = 540.4 . 0.497 = 268.6 N
 Pc = 268.6 . 25 / 6120 = 1.1 kW
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WSpur Gear E87

K ‫א‬      ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ‫א‬ 
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
     ‫א‬  K  ‫א‬   ‫א‬   
 (Dividing Head) ‫א‬K‫א‬
 W‫א‬
 W‫א‬E127F‫א‬


[5]‫א‬‫א‬WE127F‫א‬
 
، 40E5F‫א‬‫א‬E4F‫א‬W‫א‬ 
 ‫א‬ E13F ‫א‬    K ‫א‬  E2F ‫א‬  ‫א‬ E3F ‫א‬
E7F ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬ K ‫א‬   ‫א‬ 
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 6F ‫א‬
KE493743413937FE333129272321FE201918171615F
،E‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

KE‫א‬‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬  40‫א‬‫א‬

‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
  E12F ‫א‬‫א‬  K‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬   E10F ‫א‬ E11F
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 W
 K‫א‬18  
 W‫א‬
18L 4 2Z 18L 40Z‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  
  
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K 18‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W1
‫א‬ ،‫א‬ 40‫א‬‫א‬ 18‫א‬
K1818‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 
 W2
‫א‬E  12‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬F 12L4
Z 12L 4Z 27L 9K‫א‬ 9   27‫א‬، 12
 K3L1
 
 W3
K‫א‬‫א‬ 59L40K 59
KDifferential Dividing Head ‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
E Z1 , Z2, Z3, Z , Z4F ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬

- 112 -
 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

K‫א‬‫א‬E137F‫א‬
 

 
[5]K‫א‬‫א‬WE137F‫א‬
 

- 113 -
  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
 K‫א‬‫א‬E1
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E2
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3
 

 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E4
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬ J‫א‬ J‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬ J  ‫א‬ J
  J 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬ J  ‫א‬ J  ‫א‬ J ‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬‫א‬E
 ‫א‬‫א‬ J  ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E5
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬E6
 

 WE7
 EF   K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 EF       K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 EF    K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E8
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E9
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E10
 

 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E11
 K‫א‬ 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E12
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E13
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E14
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E15
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E16
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E17
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E18
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E19
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬E20
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E21
 

 ‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E22
 

2
4‫א‬ L 600‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E23
K 75 12،‫א‬‫א‬
 K10545‫א‬
   0.8 ‫א‬ ‫א‬   ‫א‬ ‫א‬   
 K8‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 K‫א‬E24
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬E25
 

 K‫א‬K24E26
 

 ‫؟‬‫؟‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E27
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Grinding‫א‬W‫א‬‫א‬
 
 E1-8
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
،E 0.03  J 0.002F‫א‬  ‫א‬
، \ 0.12  J 0.02FE‫א‬‫א‬F
 K‫א‬E‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬
 KE18F‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 

 
[5]K‫א‬WE18F‫א‬
 
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E2-8
 W‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
W        ،    ‫ א‬ J
‫א‬Eµm4 J 1F،Eµm8 J 4F
 KEµm1 J0.25F  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬،  J
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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EF  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  J
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J
 
 K‫א‬‫א‬E2 8F‫א‬
 K
 

 
[5]‫א‬‫א‬WE2 8F‫א‬
 
 
 
 
 
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 
 ‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E3 8F‫א‬

 

[5]‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE38F‫א‬
 
 ‫א‬  E‫א‬ F ‫א‬ ‫א‬     E 4  8F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬

 
[2]‫א‬WE48F‫א‬
 

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WGrinding Machines ‫א‬E38

 KE5 8F‫א‬


[14]KWE58F‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬    ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬   W‫א‬ J
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬   WE‫א‬F‫א‬ J
 K  W‫א‬ J
 K W‫א‬ J
 KEF‫א‬W‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬  W‫א‬‫א‬ J
 ‫א‬‫א‬  WWheel Guard‫א‬‫א‬ J

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 KE88F،E78F،E68F‫א‬

[9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE68F‫א‬

 

[5]KWE78F‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

[9]K‫א‬‫א‬WE88F‫א‬
‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WGrinding Wheels‫א‬E4 J8

  ‫א‬  ‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬ ‫א‬  ،  ‫א‬ 
 KVoids‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬K‫א‬
،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬،‫א‬  ‫א‬‫א‬
، ‫א‬    ‫א‬    ‫א‬    K‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 
 WWheel Symbol‫א‬E148
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 W‫א‬‫א‬
 A 46 k 5 v
 KEC ‫א‬AF‫א‬EAF‫א‬‫• א‬
180  J 80،  60 J 30، 24  J 8F‫א‬E 46F‫• א‬
 KE3F‫א‬KE‫א‬600 J200،
Z ، U - Y، E - T،‫א‬ A - D F‫א‬E kF‫• א‬
 KE‫א‬
 KE‫א‬15 J9،8 J1F‫א‬E5F‫• א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬EvF‫א‬‫• א‬
 W،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬ Vertified V
 Resinoid B
 Rubber R
    Shellac E
‫א‬ Sillicate S
  Magnesia Mg
 

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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 Wheel Shapes‫א‬E248
 K‫א‬ ‫א‬E98F‫א‬

 
[1]K‫א‬WE98F‫א‬
 WWheel Selection‫א‬‫א‬E58
 W‫א‬ ‫א‬‫א‬ 
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ •
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  •
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‫א‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ 172‬‬ ‫א‪‬‬
‫‪‬א‪ ‬‬ ‫‪ EF‬‬ ‫‪‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬

‫‪E6 J8‬א‪‬א‪ ‬‬

‫א‪E18F‬א‪‬א‪ K‬‬
‫‪ ‬‬
‫اﻟﺴﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﻤﺤﻴﻄﻴﺔ ﻷﺣﺠﺎر اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎدن‬
‫اﻟﺰهﺮ اﻟﺼﻠﺐ‬ ‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ‬ ‫ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ‬
‫م‪/‬ث م‪/‬ث‬ ‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬
‫‪30‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪35‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ أﺳﻄﺢ‬
‫‪25‬‬ ‫‪20‬‬ ‫‪8‬‬ ‫‪25‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ داﺧﻠﻲ‬

‫ﺳﺮﻋﺎت اﻟﻘﻄﻊ ﺗﺒﻌًﺎ ﻟﻤﺎدة ﻗﻄﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬

‫واﻟﻤﺎدة اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ‬
‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ‬
‫اﻟﻘﻄﻊ‬ ‫اﻟﻤﺎدة‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة‬
‫م‪/‬ث‬ ‫اﻟﺮاﺑﻄﺔ‬ ‫اﻟﻘﻄﻌﺔ‬ ‫ﻃﺮﻳﻘﺔ اﻟﺘﺠﻠﻴﺦ‬
‫‪15 -‬‬ ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬
‫‪25 Vitrified‬‬ ‫ﻋﺪة‬
‫‪15 -‬‬
‫‪25 Vitrified H.s.s‬‬
‫‪up to‬‬
‫آﺮﺑﻴﺪ ‪45 Organic‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ أدوات‬
‫ﻣﻌﺎدن‬
‫ﺧﻔﻴﻔﺔ ‪15 Vitrified‬‬
‫زهﺮ و‬
‫ﺑﺮوﻧﺰ ‪25 Vitrified‬‬
‫ﺻﻠﺐ ‪30 Vitrified‬‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﻳﺪوي‬

‫‪- 124 -‬‬

  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫ دورة‬/‫ ﻋﺮض اﻟﺤﺠﺮ‬x ‫ﺳﺮﻋﺔ اﻟﺘﻐﺬﻳﺔ ﻣﻢ‬

‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ داﺧﻠﻲ‬ ‫ﺗﺠﻠﻴﺦ ﺧﺎرﺟﻲ‬
‫ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺐ‬ ‫اﺳﺘﻘﺮاب ﺗﺸﻄﻴﺐ اﺳﺘﻘﺮاب‬ ‫ﻣﺎدة ﻗﻄﻌﺔ اﻟﺸﻐﻞ‬
0.2 - 0.5 - 0.5 - 0.6 -
0. 5 0.7 0.7 0.84 ‫ﺻﻠﺐ‬
0.2 - 0.2 - 0.3 - 0.25 -
0.4 0.3 0.5 0.4 ‫زهﺮ‬
 
 K‫א‬WE18F‫א‬
 W‫א‬E7 J8
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬
[mm] L = lb + lwp + la
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E108F‫א‬

 

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬WE108F‫א‬
 
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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 WSafety Rules in Grinding‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E8 J8

 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬ J
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬ELF‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 K‫א‬E‫א‬F‫א‬‫א‬ (‫ب‬

 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 KE‫א‬F‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬     ،‫א‬         E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬E
 W‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬ (‫أ‬

 W ‫א‬ (‫ب‬

 K‫א‬ ‫א‬ J
 K‫א‬‫א‬  J
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E

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  ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ ‫א‬  E 
 ‫א‬F ‫א‬
 K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
،‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬ ،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
 K‫א‬‫א‬
 K‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬E
‫א‬K‫א‬‫א‬،E
‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬  J‫א‬K‫א‬
 K‫א‬‫א‬،‫א‬‫א‬
 K?‫א‬?
 


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 ‫א‬‫א‬  172 ‫א‬
 ‫א‬  EF 
 

 W
K‫א‬ .a
 

K‫א‬ .b
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .c
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .d
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .e
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬ .f
‫؟‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.g
‫؟‬‫א‬ .h
K‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.i
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .j
K‫א‬‫א‬ .k
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .l
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬ .m
K‫א‬‫ א‬.n
K‫א‬‫א‬‫א‬‫ א‬.o
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 

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