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AT A GLANCE

KRISHI VIGYAN KENDRA KAPURTHALA

COMMITTED TO SERVE FARMING COMMUNITY

Compiled and edited by

MANOJ SHARMA,
GAGANDEEP KAUR AND
GURDEEP SINGH
Krishi Vigyan Kendra,
kapurthala
Punjab Agricultural University
Ludhiana – 141 004
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KVK KAPURTHALA AT A GLANCE

The Krishi Vigyan Kendras (KVK), as part of the National Research
System (NARS) and spearheaded by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research
System (ICAR), are involved in the application of science and technology of
agriculture in the field. Till now, the ICAR has established 570 KVKs at the
rural district level. Recently, the Government of India has approved one
additional KVK in the 50 larger districts of the country.
Over the years, the ICAR has strengthened and structured the KVK
system as an innovative institutional model for assessment, refinement and on-
farm demonstration of agricultural technologies and training of farmers and
extension personnel. For strengthening number of facilities are being provided to
KVKs including e-connectivity for availability of web enabled technology, facilities
for soil and water testing, plant health diagnostic and minimal agro-processing,
and additional demonstration units on rainwater harvesting structures with micro-
irrigation system and integrated farming system. Ever since the establishment of
KVKs, they have continued their efforts for assessment and refinement of various
techniques and technologies for productivity enhancement on farmer's field. ICAR
is also planning to provide Wi-Fi enabled mobile diagnostic cum exhibition units
at Directorate of Extension for use of the KVKs, besides continuation of support
to the Directorate for knowledge empowerment, technological backstopping and
human resource development.
KVKs are now focusing on diverse information needs of farmers not only
for the production procedures, but also for quality certification and reporting,
grading, packaging, storage, transportation and other requirements for both
domestic and export markets. KVKs take up the technology interventions in the
emerging areas of technology development including crops, horticulture,
conservation and management of natural resources, animal husbandry and
fisheries.
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ABOUT THE DISTRICT

LOCATION Kapurthala is a district of Punjab state in northern India. The
district is divided into two noncontiguous parts, the main
Kapurthala-Sultanpur Lodhi portion and the Phagwara block.
The Kapurthala-Sultanpur Lodhi part lies between north latitude
31° 07' and 31° 22' and east longitude 75° 36'.

Phagwara tehsil lies between north latitude 31° 22' and east
longitude 75° 40' and 75° 55'. Phagwara lies on the National
Highway No 1, and is much more industrially developed than
the other tehsils of the District.

TEHSILS The district has three subdivisions/tehsils: Kapurthala, Phagwara,

and Sultanpur Lodhi.
AREA The total area of the district is 1633 km² (630 mi²)
POPULATION Kapurthala district is one of the smallest districts of Punjab in
terms of both area and population, with 754,521 people (2001
census).

ECONOMY The economy of the district is still predominantly agricultural.

The major crops are wheat, rice, sugarcane, potato and maize.

MAJOR CROPPING SYSTEMS

Sr. No Cropping system / enterprise
1. Paddy-Wheat
2. Paddy-Potato-Muskmelon
3. Paddy-Potato-Sunflower
4. Paddy-Potato-Maize
5. Paddy-Peas-Sunflower
6. Paddy-Peas-Late Wheat
7. Paddy-Cauliflower-Sunflower
8. Sugarcane -Ratoon
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While dairy is the major subsidiary occupation adopted by the

farmers, enterprises like bee keeping, floriculture, horticulture, fish
farming and mushroom growing are also practiced by farmers.

BET The major portion of Kapurthala district lies between the Beas
River and the Kali-Bein River and is called the ‘BET’ area. This
area is prone to floods.
DHUSSI Flood protection bundh called ‘Dhussi Bundh’ has been
BUNDH constructed along the left bank of the Beas River, and it has
saved the area from the ravages of flood. The entire district is
an alluvial plain.

DONA To the south of the river Black Bein lies the tract known as
‘DONA’ meaning the soil formed of two constituents i.e. the sand
and clay.

CLIMATE The climate is typical of the Punjab plains i.e. hot in summers
and cold in winters. It has sub-tropical continental monsoon type
climate. Intensive cultivation in the district leaves no scope for
forest cover and the wild life is practically nonexistent.

ABOUT THE SOIL OF THE DISTRICT OR AGRO-ECOLOGICAL SITUATION OF THE

DISTRICT

District Kapurthala falls in central plain agro-ecological climatic zone. The soil of
this zone has developed under semi-arid condition. The soil of the central zone
generally recognized as alluvial, falls into two categories. Water logging and
alkalinity in the soil is the major problem of the area. The soil is sandy loam
to clay with pH from 7.8 to 8.5.

a) Arid And Brown Soil: This type of soil is found in Sultanpur tehsil of
Kapurthala. The texture is sandy-loam and the fertility is from medium to high.
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The soil is calcareous and lacks nitrogen but contains a fair amount of
phosphorus and potash.

b) Tropical Arid Brown Soil: This soil covers parts of Kapurthala district except
Sultanpur. The soil is deficient in nitrogen, potash and phosphorus. Water-
logging, alkalinity and salinity pose serious problems. The texture of the soil is
sandy loam in south-western half but in the north-western half the texture
becomes clay. The fertility of the soil varies from medium to high.

AREA, PRODUCTION AND PRODUCTIVITY OF MAJOR CROPS CULTIVATED IN THE

DISTRICT

Crop 2006-07 2007-08

A P Y A P Y
Paddy 110.0 414.0 3768.0 114.0 428.0 3753.0
Maize 3.0 11.0 3849.0 3.0 10.8 3608.0
Wheat 109.0 444.0 4077.0 111.0 506.0 4556.0
Sugarcane 4.0 24.0 5932.0 3.4 28.0 8320.0
Potato 5.3 1157.0 21780.0 6.7 1778.9 25440.0
Muskmelon 3.1 1039.5 33000.0 1.2 NA NA

A= Area ‘000’ ha, P=Production in ‘000’ tonnes, Y= Yield in Kg/ha

ABOUT THE KVK, KAPURTHALA

KVK, Kapurthala was established in 1992. It is situated on Kapurthala

Sultanpur main road about 4 Kms from the bus stand adjacent to new grain
market. KVK Kapurthala is spearheaded by ICAR and is under the control of
Director of Extension Education, Punjab Agricultural University (PAU), Ludhiana is
working for the well fare of the farming community.
KVK Kapurthala provides technological backstopping for new schemes
initiated by Government in XI plan viz; Agricultural Technology Management
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Agency (ATMA) Rashtriya Krishi Vikas Yojana (RKVY), National Food Security
Mission (NFSM) and other such projects.

MANDATE OF KVK
1. Assessment and refinement of technologies through “On farm testing”
(OFT) according to the problems in the area.
2. Capacity building of extension personnel by imparting training to field level
extension workers.
3. To organize short and long term vocational courses in agriculture and
allied occupations for the farmers and rural youth with emphasis on
“learning by doing” for higher production on farms and generating self-
employment.
4. To conduct Front line demonstrations (FLD) at farmers field for exposing
farmers to new technologies

TRAINING PROGRAMMES
KVK organize various training programmes for farmers, farmwomen, rural
youth and extension personnel. The content of training programmes is decided
through brain storming session in Scientific Advisory Committee (SAC) meeting
which is held under the chairmanship of honourable Vice Chancellor of Punjab
Agricultural University, Ludhiana.
Training courses arranged on the KVK premises but some courses are
arranged off campus the basis or need and requirement of rural people.

Short Duration Training Courses: These training courses are of 1 to 3 day

duration. Knowledge and skill in spraying techniques, animal feed preparation,
insect pest and disease control, horticulture, marketing, etc. is imparted in these
training courses.

Vocational Training Courses: For the unemployed rural youth

vocational training courses are arranged time to time. These
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courses are of 10 days to 3 month duration. To provide practical skill in various

agricultural and allied enterprises demonstration units has been established at
KVK. Farmers are provided training in the beekeeping, mushroom growing, dairy
farming and

seed production. Farm women are trained in soft toy making, preservation of
fruits and vegetables, fabric painting, and embroidery etc.

Refresher Training course: Field extension workers of

various line departments viz; Department of Agriculture,
Department of Horticulture, Department of Animal Husbandry,
etc are provided training to upgrade their skills.

Front Line Demonstrations (FLD): Front line demonstrations are conducted by

KVK scientists, to encourage farmers for adoption of latest innovations at
farmer’s field, to reduce adoption gap between recommended and farmer’s
practice and to promote diversification in the district. FLDs are conducted on
pulses, oilseed crops, laser leveler, happy seeder, tensiometer, artificial induction
and urea mineral molasses licks (UMMB) etc.
On farm testing (OFT): On farm testing is done to solve the location specific
problems of the farmers and to assess and refine new technologies according to
needs of local farmers. KVK test efficacy of different pesticides/weedicides.

SANCTIONED STAFF STRENGTH

DEPUTY DIRECTOR
Assistant Assistant Assistant Assistant Assistant Assistant
Professor Professor Professor Professor Professor Professor
(Animal (Plant
(Agronomy)  (Horticulture) (Home science) (Extension)
Science) Protection)

Programme Assistant  Farm manager  Programme Assistant (Computer)

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Steno Cum Comp.

Office Superintendent Peon Driver - 2
Op

Sr. Sanctioned post Discipline

No
1. Programme Coordinator Animal Nutrition
2. Subject Matter Specialist Agronomy
3. Subject Matter Specialist Food Science & Nutrition
4. Subject Matter Specialist Soil Fertility
5. Subject Matter Specialist Plant Pathology
6. Subject Matter Specialist Extension Education
7. Subject Matter Specialist Horticulture
8. Demonstrator Home Science
9. Demonstrator Agricultural Engineering
10. Demonstrator Animal Science
11. Driver Tractor
12. Driver Jeep
13. Senior Assistant Sr. Assistant
14. Stenographer Steno-typist
15. Supporting Staff Beldar

16. Supporting Staff Beldar

INFRASTRUCTURE AVAILABLE

Sr. Name of building Plinth area (m2)

No
1. Administrative Building
E-connectivity lab
Soil & Water testing laboratory 535.5
Basic plant health diagnostic lab
Home Science Lab
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2. Farmers Hostel 305.0

3. Staff Quarters (4) 240.0
4. Demonstration Units (4)
Implement Shed 50.0
Dairy Shed 100.0
Poultry Shed 50.0
Bee-keeping 50.0
Integrated fish farm 50.0
5. Threshing floor 82’X82’
6. Farm godown -

MAJOR AGRICULTURAL PROBLEMS OF THE DISTRICT AND THRUST AREAS

Area Major Problems Thrust Areas

Crops -Depleting underground water
without any recharge
-Deterioration of soil health.
-Burning of Paddy straw.
-Use of higher doses of
nitrogenous and potash
fertilizers.
-Use of un-recommended
varieties
-Use of un-recommended
brands of pesticides and
weedicides
-Increased incidence of seed
borne diseases.
-Motivating farmers for seed
production of cereal, vegetable,
oilseed and pulse crops.
-Transfer of Integrated pest
management technologies in various
cereals, vegetables oilseed and
pulse crops.
-Promoting seed treatment.
-Proper spraying techniques.
-Popularizing use of resource
conservation technologies like laser
leveler, rotavator, zero till drill,
happy seeder.
-Sensitizing farmers about
environmental pollution and climate

-Indiscriminate use of change

insecticides.
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Animal -Low milk production. -Promoting use of mineral mixture

Husbandry in daily feeding schedule of dairy
-Prevalence of mastitis in
animals.
cows.
-Making farmers aware about control
-Poor knowledge about
of internal and external parasites.
internal and external
-Imparting skill in cattle feed
parasites.
formulation at farmers’ level.
-Non availability of veterinary
-Clean milk production.
doctor in the villages.
-Artificial induction of milk in
-Non conception of crossbred crossbred cattle.
cows after 3 rd
lactation. -Cultivation of leguminous and non
-Anoestrus & repeat breeding leguminous fodders.
in cross bred cows.
Horticultur Non availability of quality Seed production of Chilies, Okra,
e vegetable seeds. Onion and Peas.
Training on cultivation of seasonal
Poor knowledge of production
vegetables.
technology of vegetables.
Proper harvesting techniques in
Harvesting of vegetable at
vegetables.
improper stage.
Management of Kinnow orchards.
Fruit drop in Kinnow
IPM in Guava
Attack of fruit fly in Guava Cultivation of vegetables under low
orchard during rainy season. tunnel technique and poly house.
Frost damage to vegetable
crops.
Home Unaware of balanced diet and Preparation of low cost balanced
Science nutritious foods. foods.

Low shelf life of homemade

Preservation of seasonal fruits &
preserved products.
vegetables.
Poor knowledge about proper
upkeep of household gadgets.
Care of various domestic
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Low decision making ability appliances.

among farm women due to Subsidiary occupations for women to
weak financial position. increase family income.

Other Lack of interest of rural youth Developing entrepreneurship

in agriculture due diminishing development qualities among rural
returns from agriculture youth

Loss of traditional wealth and Compilation of traditional

local varieties with the technologies in Annual Progress
Report of KVK and awareness of
advancement of agriculture
farmers about Intellectual property
rights
Lack of proper marketing
Training on marketing strategies to
infrastructure
faremrs

MONTHWISE DETAIL OF TRAININGS ORGANIZED AT KVK KAPURTHALA

Month Short Duration Training Vocational courses Refresher courses

courses
(1 to 3 days duration)
January *Preparation of urea mineral *Hybrid seed production of *Scope of organic
molasses block sunflower (3) farming in context of
Punjab agriculture
*Handling and maintenance of *Specialized training * Farming system
plant protection equipments course in dairy farming approach
(10)
*Entrepreneurship development
February *Balanced feed for broilers and *Establishment of nursery *Participatory rural
layers for self employment (3) appraisal (1)

*Value addition to farm based *Specialized training

products course on poultry farming
(10)
*Diet planning for the family
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*Training course on bee-

keeping (10)
March *Seed production of berseem *Cultivation of tropical *Importance of
mushroom (March to July) balanced diet and
*Management of orchards preparation (2)
*Formation of wax sheets
*Detergent making (3)
April *Care of newly planted *Formulation of compound *Formulation of
orchards in summer season cattle feed (4) economical and
balanced ration for
*Urea feeding in dairy animals *Specialized training dairy cattle
course on stitching &
*Laser leveling and its benefits hand embroidery (70) *Role of green manure
and FYM in
*Extraction, filtration, maintaining soil health
packing and marketing of
honey (4)
May *Maximization of yield in kharif *Seed production of *IPM in paddy
pulses cereal, pulses and oil
seed crops (4) *Global warming
*Weed management in kharif
crops *Specialized training
course in dairy farming
*Management of broilers and (10)
layers during hot months

*Role of global warming in

agriculture

June *Summer management of dairy *Hybrid seed production of * Scope of organic

animals maize (3) farming in context of
Punjab agriculture
*Children nurturing technologies *Improved seed
production techniques
*Judicious use of pesticides
*Integrated weed
*Use of leaf colour chart management
(LCC) in paddy *Reproductive problems
in animals and their
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preventive measures
*Efficient water management in
paddy with tensiometer *Nutrient deficiency
symptoms- identification
* Role of crop diversification & remedial measures
viz a viz. resource in Kharif crops
conservation for best profit * Role of conservation
margin. agriculture and rational
use of resources.
July *Layout, digging and filling of *Specialized training *Nutritional diseases of
pits for planting of fruit plants course on poultry farming young and lactating
(10) dairy animals
*Important diseases of dairy
animals and their preventive
measures
August *Use of agro-industrial by *Formulation of compound *Effective use of
products in dairy and poultry cattle feed (4) multimedia for transfer
rations of technology

*Supplementation of mineral *Establishment and

and vitamins in diary animals management of
integrated nutrition unit
*Important diseases of poultry
and their preventive measures *Silage preparation

*Food hygiene and sanitation

*Participatory rural appraisal

September *Technology of raising oilseed *Specialized training *Child health care
crops course in dairy farming
(10) *Compost preparation
*Raising of vegetable and fruit from paddy straw
nursery *Establishment of nursery
*Preparation of nutritious for self employment (3)
recipes from locally available
food stuffs *Specialized training
course on mushroom
*Marketing strategies growing (Sept to Dec.)
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*Training course on bee-

keeping (10)
October *Identification of nutrient *Value addition to *Artificial induction of
deficiency symptoms & household linens through milk in cross bred
judicious use of fertilizers fabric painting (10)
*Carbon sequestration

*Farming system
approach
November *Management of calves, heifers *Development of skill in *Intercropping in
and lactating animals making soft toys (15) orchards
*Proper diet of mothers
*Management of late blight in *Infants and pre-school
potato children in special
conditions
*Credit facilities available for
farmers,
December *Weed management in Rabi *Hybrid seed production of *Nutrient deficiency
crops sunflower (10) symptoms- identification
& remedial measures
*Rejuvenation of senile
orchards

*Balanced feed computation for

dairy animals

*Preservation of fruits and

vegetables
Note : Figures in parenthesis are duration of training course

PROMOTIONAL ACTIVITY CHART OF KVK

Sr. Activity Description Purpose
No.

1. Field Day Field days provide opportunity to To give them an

the farmers and extension idea regarding the
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personnel of seeing the results of suitability &

new practices, demonstration, application of these
implements etc. things in their own
area or at their field.
2. Kisan Is used for discussing problems
Ghosthi which affect the whole group of
people.
3. Exhibition An exhibition is a systematic For creating awareness
display of information, actual about new technologies
specimens, models, posters,
photographs, and charts, etc in a
logical sequence.
4. Method It is used to show the how to do For skill development
demonstration new practice or an old practice in or up-gradation
/ Result a better way.
demonstration
Result demonstration is used to To motivate farmers
show the results of a new for adoption of new
technology practices or varieties
by comparing and
showing their
performance at the
farmers’ field
5. Seminar It is a presentation delivered to an For educating the
audience on a particular topic or farmers and clearing
set of topics that are educational their doubts.
in nature. Discussion is held after
the presentation.

6. Group These are usually held for passing For training of

meetings on certain information to group of farmers on topic
people for future action. which are common
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to group
7. Lectures It is method of training in which For training of farmers
speaker deliver information and in areas which does
participation of the audience is not require skill up-
limited. gradation
8. Radio Radio and TV are the powerful For approaching
talks / TV medium for communication of masses and for quick
talks message to rural masses in short dissemination of the
period of time. message and in case
of emergency
9. Extension Newspapers, magazines, bulletins, For publicity and
Literature leaflets, folders, pamphlets & wall awareness
paintings are set of mass media
for communicating information to a
large number of literate people.
10. Field It is the method of individual To solve specific
visits/Office counseling to solve the problem of problem of the farmer
visits the farmer which is more complex
in nature
11. Diagnostic These are conducted to find and To identify diseases,
visits identify the specific problem in the deficiencies or toxic
area. effects in crops and
animals.
12. Ex-trainees In this meeting is held with ex- To keep follow up of
Sammelan trainees of the KVK to get the trainees and to
feedback about the impact of solve their problems
trainings and to get their related to credit and
suggestions in improving the marketing etc.
efficiency.
13. Soil test Campaigns are used to focus the For moving farmers
campaigns attention of the people on a for judicious use of
particular problem which are fertilizers
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common to the community

14. Training Training involves increasing
knowledge, improving skill or
inculcating new skills and changing
attitude for improving the overall
working efficiency of the person.
SPECIAL PROJECTS
Seed multiplication : KVK produce certified seed of improved varieties of wheat,
rice for distribution among farmers
Kitchen Gardening : KVK Kapurthala is running a special project on kitchen
gardening sponsored by Sir Ratan Tata Trust. Under this project 50 kitchen
gardens has been established in village Balerkhanpur. Seed kits of summer and
winter vegetables are provided free of cost to the beneficiaries.
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FIG: KVK’s liaison with other development departments/ Agencies

Bee Keepers Association

Potato Growers Association

Reg
Self Help Groups (SHGs) ion
Dep al R
ese
Dep artme Far
mA
arc
hS
a nt
Dep rtment of Ag dvi
sor
tati
on
a r
Dep tmen of Ho icultu
r yS (R R
S)
artm t of rtic r erv
ent S ultu e ic
eS
of F oil Co re che
me
ore n
stry servat (FA
SS)
i on

Krishi Vigyan Kendra Kapurthala

Department of Animal Husbandry

Department of Fisheries NABARD and other Banks

Small Scale industries and other vocational institutes

IFF
CO
KR
IB HC
Pes O
tici
de com
pan
i es

For more information contact

Dr Manoj Sharma
Deputy Director (Training)
Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Kapurthala
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Contact : 98727-45890 (M), 01822-233056 (O)

drmanojsh1@gmail.com
kvkkapurthala@gmail.com