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Helena Blavatsky
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Helena Petrovna Blavatsky (Russian: Елена Петровна Блаватская, Ukrainian: Олена Петрівна 
Toolbox Блаватська), (born as Helena von Hahn (Russian: Елена Петровна Ган, Ukrainian: Олена Петрівна 
Ган); 12 August [O.S. 31 July] 1831, Yekaterinoslav, Yekaterinoslav, Russian Empire (today
Print/export
Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine) – died 8 May, 1891, London), was a founder of Theosophy and the
Languages Theosophical Society.[1]

Contents [hide]
1 Biography
1.1 Family
1.2 First marriage
1.3 Wandering years
1.4 Agardi Metrovitch
1.5 To New York
1.6 Foundation of Theosophical Society
1.7 To India
1.8 Final years
1.9 Controversies of authenticity, plagiarism, influence, and Aryanism
2 Works Helena Blavatsky, co-founder of the
3 Books about her Theosophical Society
4 See also
5 References
6 External links

Biography [edit]

Family [edit]

Her parents were Colonel Peter von Hahn (Russian: Пётр Алексеевич Ган, 1798–1873) of the ancient von Hahn family of German nobility
(German: uradel) from Basedow (Mecklenburg) and Helena Fadeyeva (Russian: Елена Андреевна Фадеева, 1814–1843), the author, under the
pen-name "Zeneida R-va", of a dozen novels. Described by Belinsky as the "Russian George Sand", she died at the age of 28, when Helena was
eleven. Helena's sister Vera Zhelikhovsky was a writer of occult/fantastic fiction. Helena's first cousin was Sergei Witte, who was Russian
Minister, and then Prime Minister in the reign of Tsar Nicholas II. In his memoirs, Count Witte recalls his encounters with Helena.
Helena's maternal grandparents were Andrey Mikhailovich Fadeyev, Governor of Saratov, later of Tbilisi, and his wife Princess Helene Dolgoruki
prominent figures of the age of Russian enlightenment. Helena grew up amid a culture rich in spirituality and traditional Russian mythologies,
which introduced her to the realm of the supernatural.
Helena's great-grand nephew Boris de Zirkoff (Борис Цирков, 1902–1981) was an active member of the Theosophical Society and editor of the
Blavatsky Collected Writings; her great-grand niece, also Helena (b. 1935), lives in Moscow and her resemblance to HPB is striking.
[citation needed]

First marriage [edit]

She was married four weeks before she turned seventeen, on July 7, 1848, to the forty-year old Nikifor (also Nicephor) Vassilievich Blavatsky,
vice-governor of Erivan. After three unhappy months, she rode by horse and escaped back over the mountains to her grandfather in Tiflis. Her
grandfather decided that she should be shipped off immediately to her father, who was retired and living near Saint Petersburg. Although her
father travelled two thousand miles to meet her at Odessa, she was not there. She had missed the steamer, and sailed away with the skipper of
an English bark bound for Istanbul. According to her account, they never consummated their marriage,[2] and she remained a virgin her entire
life.

Wandering years [edit]

According to her own story as told to a later biographer, she spent the years 1848 to 1858 traveling the world, and is said to have visited Egypt,
France, Canada (Quebec), England, South America, Germany, Mexico, India, Greece and especially Tibet to study for two years with the men
she called Brothers. She claimed to have become Buddhist while in Sri Lanka[3] and to have been initiated in Tibet. She returned to Russia in
1858 and went first to see her sister Vera, a young widow living in Rugodevo, a village which she had inherited from her husband.

Agardi Metrovitch [edit]

About this time, she met and left with Agardi Metrovich, an Italian opera singer. While unconfirmed gossip of that time referred to a child named
Yuri, whom she loved dearly, she clarified it in writing that Yuri was a child of her friends the Metroviches. This view was supported by one of her
many accusers V. S. Solovioff.[4][5][6]. To balance this statement, Count Witte, her first cousin on her mother's side, stated in his memoirs (as
quoted by G. Williams), that her father read aloud a letter in which Metrovich signed himself as "your affectionate grandson". This is evidence
that Metrovich considered himself Helena's husband at this point. Yuri died at the age of five, and Blavatsky said that she ceased to believe in
the Russian Orthodox God at this point. It is however known that the Theosophists claim that there exists a passport in the Point Loma
Theosophical Society, which show that Yuri was not H. P. Blavatsky's child.[7]
Two different versions of how Agardi died are extant. In one, G. Williams states that Agardi had been taken sick with a fever and delirium in
Ramleh, and that he died in bed on April 19, 1870. In the second version, while bound for Cairo on a boat, the Evmonia, in 1871, an explosion
claimed Agardi's life, and Blavatsky continued on to Cairo alone.[8] During her stay in Cairo in the early 1870s, Blavatsky established herself as
a medium, and began to hold séances.[9]
Another unfounded account is that while in Cairo she formed the Société Spirité for occult phenomena with Emma Cutting (later Emma
Coulomb), which is said to have closed after dissatisfied customers complained of fraudulent activities.

To New York [edit]

It was in 1873 that she emigrated to New York City. Impressing people with her professed
psychic abilities, she was spurred on to continue her mediumship. Mediumship (among
other psychical and spiritual sciences of the time), based upon the belief known as
Spiritualism which began at Rochester, NY, was a widely popular and fast-spreading field
upon which Blavatsky based her career.[10]
Throughout her career she claimed to have demonstrated physical and mental psychic
feats which included levitation, clairvoyance, out-of-body projection, telepathy, and
clairaudience. Another claim of hers was materialization, that is, producing physical
objects out of nothing, though in general, her interests were more in the area of 'theory' and
'laws' rather than demonstration.
In 1874 at the farm of the Eddy Brothers, Helena met Henry Steel Olcott, a lawyer, Blavatsky and Henry Steel Olcott, a lawyer,
agricultural expert, and journalist who covered the Spiritualist phenomenon. Soon they agricultural expert, and journalist who covered the
Spiritualist phenomenon
were working together in the "Lamasery" (alternate spelling: "Lamastery") where her book
Isis Unveiled was written.
Blavatsky married her second husband, Michael C. Betanelly on April 3, 1875 in New York City. She separated from Betanelly after a few
months, and their divorce was legalized on May 25, 1878. On July 8, 1878, she became a naturalized citizen of the United States, but after
leaving for India later that year she never returned to the country.[9]

Foundation of Theosophical Society [edit]

Living in New York City, she helped found the Theosophical Society in September 1875, with Henry Steel Olcott, William Quan Judge and
others.
Blavatsky wrote that all religions were both true in their inner teachings and problematic or imperfect in  
Part of a series on
their external conventional manifestations.[citation needed] Her writings connecting esoteric spiritual
knowledge with new science may be considered to be the first instance of what is now called New Age Theosophy
thinking.[11]  
Founders of the T. S.
She also lived in Philadelphia for part of 1875, where she resided at 3420 Sansom Street, now home of the 
White Dog Cafe.[12] While living on Sansom Street, Madame Blavatsky became ill with an infected leg. Helena Blavatsky ∙ Henry Steel Olcott
She claimed to have undergone a "transformation" during her illness which inspired her to found the William Quan Judge
Theosophical Society. In a letter dated June 12, 1875, she described her recovery, explaining that she
Theosophists
dismissed the doctors and surgeons who threatened amputation. She is quoted as saying "Fancy my leg
going to the spirit land before me!", and had a white dog sleep across her leg by night. Alfred Percy Sinnett
Abner Doubleday ∙ Geoffrey Hodson
To India [edit] Archibald Keightley ∙ C.W. Leadbeater
Annie Besant ∙ G. R. S. Mead
She had moved to India, landing at Bombay on February 16, 1879,[13] where she first made the Katherine Tingley ∙ Ernest Wood
acquaintance of A. P. Sinnett. In his book Occult World he describes how she stayed at his home in
Philosophical concepts
Allahabad for six weeks that year, and again the following year.[14]
Seven Rays
Sometime around December 1880, while at a dinner party with a group including A. O. Hume and his wife,
[15]
she is claimed to have been instrumental in causing the materialization of Mrs Hume's lost brooch. Organisations
By 1882 the Theosophical Society became an international organization, and it was at this time that she Theosophical Society
moved the headquarters to Adyar near Madras, India (now Chennai). TS Adyar ∙ TS Pasadena
TS Point Loma-Covina ∙ TSA Hargrove
The society headquartered here for some time, but she later went to Germany for a while, in between she
United Lodge of Theosophists
stayed at Ostend (July 15, 1886 – May 1, 1887) where she could easily meet her English friends. She
wrote a big part of the Secret Doctrine in Ostend[16] and there she claimed a revelation during an illness Theosophical texts
telling her to continue the book at any cost. Finally she went to England.
Isis Unveiled ∙ The Key to Theosophy
A disciple put her up in her own house in England and it was here that she lived until the end of her life. Mahatma Letters ∙ The Secret Doctrine
The Voice of the Silence
Final years [edit] More...

In August, 1890 she formed the "Inner Circle" of 12 disciples: "Countess Constance Wachtmeister, Mrs Theosophical Masters
Isabel Cooper-Oakley, Miss Emily Kislingbury, Miss Laura Cooper, Mrs Annie Besant, Mrs Alice
Sanat Kumara ∙ Maitreya
Cleather, Dr Archibald Keightley, Herbert Coryn, Claude Wright, G. R. S. Mead, E. T. Sturdy, and Walter Djwal Khul ∙ Morya
[17]
Old". Kuthumi ∙ Paul the Venetian
Serapis Bey ∙ Master Hilarion
Blavatsky was a close friend of John Watkins, and inspired him to open an estoric bookshop in London;
Master Jesus ∙ Master Rakoczi
Watkins founded Watkins Books a few years after her death.[18]
Suffering from Bright's disease and complications from influenza, Blavatsky died in her home at 19 Avenue  Related topics
[9]
Road, St Johns Wood, London, on May 8, 1891. Her last words in regard to her work were: "Keep the Agni Yoga ∙ Anthroposophy
link unbroken! Do not let my last incarnation be a failure." Her body was cremated at Woking on May 11; Esotericism ∙ Jiddu Krishnamurti
[9] Neo-Theosophy
one third of her ashes were sent to Europe, one third with William Quan Judge to the United States,
Liberal Catholic Church
and one third to India where her ashes were scattered in the Ganges River. May 8 is celebrated by
Living Ethics ∙ Alice A. Bailey
Theosophists, and it is called White Lotus Day.
Ascended Master Teachings
Following Blavatsky's death, the Theosophical Society split in two, each part claiming her as its "rightful Benjamin Creme

progenitor".[19] One branch was headed by her protégé, Annie Besant, and the other, the American 
v   • d  • e
Section, by her friend W. Q. Judge.

Controversies of authenticity, plagiarism, influence, and Aryanism [edit]

Well-known and controversial during her life, Blavatsky was influential on spiritualism and related subcultures: "the western esoteric tradition has
no more important figure in modern times."[20] She wrote prolifically, publishing thousands of pages, and debate continues about her claims.
Throughout much of Blavatsky's public life, her work drew harsh criticism from some of the learned authorities of her day, who accused her of
being a charlatan, an impostor, and a fraud. She was accused of numerous things among them of being a trickster, a false medium, evil, a spy
for the Russians, a smoker of cannabis, a spy for the English, a racist, a falsifier of letters, and that her claim about the existence of masters of
wisdom was totally and utterly false. Most of the accusations remain heavily undocumented even today.[21][22][23][24]
H. P. Blavatsky herself said, that one of the main reasons for the many attacks on her and on the Theosophical Society, which she was a co-
founder of was:

"you must bear in mind how many powerful adversaries we have aroused ever since the formation of our Society. As I just said, if
the Theosophical movement were one of those numerous modern crazes, as harmless at the end as they are evanescent, it would
be simply laughed at― as it is now by those who still do not understand its real purport ― and left severely alone. But it is nothing 
of the kind. Intrinsically, Theosophy is the most serious movement of this age; and one, moreover, which threatens the very life of
most of the time-honoured humbugs, prejudices, and social evils of the day ― those evils which fatten and make happy the upper 
ten and their imitators and sycophants, the wealthy dozens of the middle classes, while they positively crush and starve out of
existence the millions of the poor. Think of this, and you will easily understand the reason of such a relentless persecution by
those others who, more observant and perspicacious, do see the true nature of Theosophy, and therefore dread it." [25]

In The New York Times Edward Hower wrote, "Theosophical writers have defended her sources vehemently. Skeptics have painted her as a
great fraud."[26]
The authenticity and originality of her writings were questioned. Blavatsky was accused of having plagiarized a number of sources, copying the
texts crudely enough to misspell the more difficult words. See: The Sources of Madame Blavatsky's Writings by William Emmette Coleman
from Modern Priestess of Isis by Vsevolod Sergyeevich Solovyoff (author), Walter Leaf (translator).[27]
In his 1885 report to the Society for Psychical Research (SPR), Richard Hodgson concluded that Blavatsky was a fraud. However, in a 1986
press release to the newspapers and leading magazines in Great Britain, Canada and the USA the same SPR retracted the Hodgson report,
after a re-examination of the case by the Fortean psychic Dr. Vernon Harrison, past president of The Royal Photographic Society and formerly
Research Manager to Thomas De La Rue, an expert on forgery, as follows: "Madame Blavatsky, co-founder of the Theosophical Society, was
unjustly condemned, new study concludes."[28]
Blavatsky unfortunately called the current level of human evolution "Aryan", based on Indian culture, which, although from her description
comprised the entire human race, has been twisted by some to mean only Northern Europeans. Blavatsky argued that all humanity descended
from seven root races, with the fifth one being the Aryan race.[29]
Since her death, Blavatsky's work has shown its influence in the works of dictators, political leaders, new religion leaders, writers, musicians,
and other public figures.
Blavatsky argued that humanity had descended from a series of "Root Races", naming the fifth root race (out of seven) the Aryan Race. She
thought that the Aryans originally came from Atlantis and described the Aryan races with the following words:
"The Aryan races, for instance, now varying from dark brown, almost black, red-brown-yellow, down to the whitest creamy colour, are yet all
of one and the same stock -- the Fifth Root-Race -- and spring from one single progenitor, (...) who is said to have lived over 18,000,000
years ago, and also 850,000 years ago -- at the time of the sinking of the last remnants of the great continent of Atlantis."[30]
Blavatsky used "Root Race" as a technical term to describe human evolution over the large time periods in her cosmology. However, she also
claimed that there were modern non-Aryan peoples who were inferior to Aryans. She regularly contrasts "Aryan" with "Semitic" culture, to the
detriment of the latter, asserting that Semitic peoples are an offshoot of Aryans who have become "degenerate in spirituality and perfected in
materiality."[31] She also states that some peoples are "semi-animal creatures". These latter include "the Tasmanians, a portion of the
Australians and a mountain tribe in China." There are also "considerable numbers of the mixed Lemuro-Atlantean peoples produced by various
crossings with such semi-human stocks -- e.g., the wild men of Borneo, the Veddhas of Ceylon, classed by Prof. Flower among Aryans (!),
most of the remaining Australians, Bushmen, Negritos, Andaman Islanders, etc."[32] H. P. Blavatsky's references on inferiority among cultural
groups was related to a groups spiritual level of development and not its genetic outfit as assumed by some superficial readers of her teachings.
[33]
H. P. Blavatsky also had the view that there for instance were wise and initiated teacher among the Jews and the Arabs.[34]
Despite this, Blavatsky's admirers claim that her thinking was not connected to fascist or racialist ideas, asserting that she believed in a
Universal Brotherhood of humanity and wrote that "all men have spiritually and physically the same origin" and that "mankind is essentially of
one and the same essence".[35] On the other hand, in The Secret Doctrine, Blavatsky states: "Verily mankind is 'of one blood,' but not of the
same essence."
Blavatsky connects physical race with spiritual attributes constantly throughout her works:
"Esoteric history teaches that idols and their worship died out with the Fourth Race, until the survivors of the hybrid races of the latter
(Chinamen, African Negroes, &c.) gradually brought the worship back. The Vedas countenance no idols; all the modern Hindu writings do".
[36]

"The intellectual difference between the Aryan and other civilized nations and such savages as the South Sea Islanders, is inexplicable on
any other grounds. No amount of culture, nor generations of training amid civilization, could raise such human specimens as the Bushmen,
the Veddhas of Ceylon, and some African tribes, to the same intellectual level as the Aryans, the Semites, and the Turanians so called.
The 'sacred spark' is missing in them and it is they who are the only inferior races on the globe, now happily -- owing to the wise adjustment
of nature which ever works in that direction -- fast dying out. Verily mankind is 'of one blood,' but not of the same essence. We are the hot-
house, artificially quickened plants in nature, having in us a spark, which in them is latent".[37]
According to Blavatsky, "the MONADS of the lowest specimens of humanity (the "narrow-brained" savage South-Sea Islander, the African, the
Australian) had no Karma to work out when first born as men, as their more favoured brethren in intelligence had".[38]
She also prophecies of the destruction of the racial "failures of nature" as the future "higher race" ascends:
"Thus will mankind, race after race, perform its appointed cycle-pilgrimage. Climates will, and have already begun, to change, each tropical
year after the other dropping one sub-race, but only to beget another higher race on the ascending cycle; while a series of other less
favoured groups -- the failures of nature -- will, like some individual men, vanish from the human family without even leaving a trace behind.

Such is the course of Nature under the sway of KARMIC LAW: of the ever present and the ever-becoming Nature.".[39]
The second subrace of the Fifth or Aryan root race, the Arabian, is regarded by Theosophists as one of the Aryan subraces. It is believed by
Theosophists that the Arabians, although asserted in traditional Theosophy to be of Aryan (i.e., Indo-European) ancestry, adopted the Semitic
language of the people around them who had migrated earlier from Atlantis (the fifth or (original) Semite subrace of the Atlantean root race).
Theosophists assert that the Jews originated as an offshoot of the Arabian subrace in what is now Yemen about 30,000 BC. They migrated first
to Somalia and then later to Egypt where they lived until the time of Moses. Thus, according to the teachings of Theosophy, the Jews are part of
the Aryan race. [40]

Works [edit]

The books written by Madame Blavatsky included:

Blavatsky, H P (1877), Isis unveiled , J.W. Bouton, OCLC 7211493
Blavatsky, H P (1880), From the Caves and Jungles of Hindostan , Floating Press, ISBN 1775416038
Blavatskaja, Elena Petrovna (1888), The secret doctrine , Theosophical Publ. Co, OCLC 61915001
Blavatsky, H P (1933) [1889], The voice of the silence , Theosophy Co. (India) Ltd, OCLC 220858481
Blavatsky, H P (1889), The key to theosophy , Theosophical Pub. Co, OCLC 612505
Blavatsky, H P (1892), Nightmare tales , London, Theosophical publishing society, OCLC 454984121
Blavatsky, H P; Neff, Mary Katherine (1937), Personal memoirs, London, OCLC 84938217
Blavatsky, H P; Goodrick-Clarke, Nicholas (2004), Helena Blavatsky , Western esoteric masters series, North Atlantic Books,
ISBN 9781556434570
Her many articles have been collected in the Collected Writings of H. P. Blavatsky . This series has 15 numbered volumes including the index.

Books about her [edit]

Bleiler, Everett Franklin (1948), The checklist of fantastic literature; a bibliography of fantasy, weird and science fiction books published in
the English language, Chicago, Shasta Publishers, OCLC 1113926
Caldwell, Daniel H (2000), The esoteric world of Madame Blavatsky : insights into the life of a modern sphinx , Theosophical Pub. House,
ISBN 9780835607940
Cranston, S L (1994) [1993], HPB : the extraordinary life and influence of Helena Blavatsky, founder of the modern Theosophical 
movement , Putnam, ISBN 9780874777697
Guénon, René (2001), Theosophy : history of a pseudo-religion , Sophia Perennis, ISBN 9780900588808, retrieved 2009-11-26
Hanson, Virginia (1988), H.P. Blavatsky and The secret doctrine , A Quest book, Theosophical Pub. House, ISBN 9780835606301,
retrieved 2009-11-26
Harrison, Vernon (1997), H.P. Blavatsky and the SPR : an examination of the Hodgson report of 1885 , Theosophical University Press,
ISBN 9781557001184, retrieved 2009-11-26
Meade, Marion (1980), Madame Blavatsky, the woman behind the myth, Putnam, ISBN 9780399123764
Ryan, Charles J; Knoche, Grace F, H.P. Blavatsky and the theosophical movement : a brief historical sketch , Theosophical University
Press, ISBN 9781557000903
Solovyov, Vsevolod Sergyeevich, A Modern Priestess of Isis London
Symonds, John (2006) [1959], The lady with the magic eyes : Madame Blavatsky, medium and magician , Kessinger Pub,
ISBN 9781425487096

See also [edit]

Anthroposophy
Coulomb Affair
Hodgson Report
Jiddu Krishnamurti
Tulpa

References [edit]

Notes
1. ^ 1891 England Census , showing a household including "Constance Wachtmeister Manager of Publishing Office; G.R.S. Mead, Author
Journalist; Isabel Oakley, Millener; Helena Blavatsky, Authoress; and others"
2. ^ Pearsall 1972, p. 211
3. ^ "Blavatsky and Buddhism" . Blavatsky.net. 1964-01-15. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
4. ^ V. S. Solovioff: "A Modern Priestess of Isis", p. 141.
5. ^ Blavatsky Collected Writings, Vol. I p. xlvi–ii
6. ^ The Letters of HPB to APS p. 147
7. ^ Blavatsky Collected Writings, Vol. I. p. xlvi
8. ^ Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna; Algeo, John (2003), John Algeo, ed., The Letters of H.P. Blavatsky, Volume 1 , Quest Books, p. 43, 
ISBN 9780835608367
9. ^ a b c d Davenport-Hines, Richard (2004), "Blavatsky, Helena Petrovna (1831–1891)" (subscription required), Dictionary of National Biography,
Oxford University Press, retrieved 31 October 2009
10. ^ Blavatsky, Helena, Isis Unveiled, pg. xlv, Theosophical University Press: Pasadena, 1877.
11. ^ Pearsall 1972, p. 217
12. ^ "White Dog Cafe" . Whitedog. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
13. ^ "Combined Chronology of The Mahatma Letters - Preface" . Theosociety.org. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
14. ^ Occult World, A. P. Sinnett. Boston, 1882. p 42
15. ^ Occult World, A.P. Sinnett. Boston, 1882. p 80
 16. ^ Letter to Mrs Kingsford from Ostend, Aug. 23, 1886: "I am hard at work now, for I am afraid not to be able to finish my Secret Doctrine if I wait
long."
17. ^ "Theosophy timeline" . Robotwisdom.com. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
18. ^ http://www.watkinsbooks.co.uk/history.html
19. ^ Pearsall 1972, p. 212
20. ^ Johnson, K. Paul. The Masters Revealed: Madame Blavatsky and the Myth of the Great White Lodge. State University of New York Press, Albany,
USA
21. ^ The Hodgson Report - The Society for Psychical Research, 1884
22. ^ The Letters by H. P. Blavatsky to A. P. Sinnett, by A. Trevor Barker, 1925, p. 134-139 etc.
23. ^ H. P. BLAVATSKY and the SPR - An Examination of the Hodgson Report of 1885 by Vernon Harrison, Ph.D.; 1997
24. ^ The Key to Theosophy, 2nd. ed. 1890, p. 39
25. ^ The Key to Theosophy, 2nd. ed. 1890, p. 271-272
26. ^ Hower, Edward (February 26, 1995), "The Medium With a Message" , The New York Times, retrieved 31 October 2009
27. ^ "The Sources of Madame Blavatsky's Writings by William Emmette Coleman" . Blavatskyarchives.com. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
28. ^ "Blavatsky text" . Blavatsky.net. 1986-05-08. Retrieved 2009-11-26.
29. ^ The Secret Doctrine, the Synthesis of Science, Religion and Philosophy, Vol.II, p.249
30. ^ The Secret Doctrine, the Synthesis of Science, Religion and Philosophy, Vol.II, p.249
31. ^ Ibid., p.200
32. ^ Ibid., pp.195-6
33. ^ The Key to Theosophy; 2nd ed. 1890, p. 39
34. ^ H. P. Blavatsky - The Theosophical Glossary, 1892, p. 271-273
35. ^ The Key to Theosophy, Section 3
36. ^ The Secret Doctrine, the Synthesis of Science, Religion and Philosophy, Vol. II, p.723
37. ^ Ibid., p 421
38. ^ Ibid., p.168
39. ^ Ibid., p.446
40. ^ Powell, A.E. The Solar System: A Complete Outline of the Theosophical Scheme of Evolution London:1930 The Theosophical Publishing House
Pages 298-299

Bibliography
Pearsall, Ronald (1972), The Table-Rappers, Michael Joseph, ISBN 9780718106454

External links [edit]

The Blavatsky Study Center / Blavatsky Archives

Helena Petrovna Blavatsky at the Open Directory Project
Find more about Helena Blavatsky on
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