‫ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ اﻹﺟﺎﺑﺔ وﺳﻠﻢ اﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﻂ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻷول‪:‬‬ ‫ﺳﻠﻢ‬

‫اﻟﺘﻨﻘﻴﻂ‬
‫‪ (1‬ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﺍﻟﻌﻨﺎﺻﺮﺍﳌﻤﻴﺰﺓ ﻟﻠﻔﻠﻜﺔ )‪( S‬‬
‫‪M ( x , y,z ) ∈ ( S) ⇔ x 2 + y 2 + z 2 − 2x − 4z + 2 = 0‬‬
‫‪⇔ ( x − 1) + y 2 + ( z − 2) = 3‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫‪1,25‬‬
‫‪⇔ M ( x ,y,z ) ∈ S Ω (1,0,2) ;r = 3‬‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻜﺔ ‪ S‬ﻣﺮﻛﺰﻫﺎ )‪ Ω (1,0,2‬ﻭﺷﻌﺎﻋﻬﺎ ‪r = 3‬‬
‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ )‪ ΩA ( −1,1, −1‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ ΩA = ( −1) + 12 + ( −1) = 3 = r‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ )‪A ∈ ( S‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬ ‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ )‪ OA (0, −1,1‬ﻭ ) ‪ OB (1, −1,0‬ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬ ‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬ ‫→ ‪−1 −1 → 0 1 → 0 1‬‬
‫= ‪OA ∧ OB‬‬ ‫‪i−‬‬ ‫‪j+‬‬ ‫‪k‬‬
‫‪1 0‬‬ ‫‪1 0‬‬ ‫‪−1 −1‬‬
‫→‬ ‫→‬ ‫→‬
‫‪= i + j +k‬‬ ‫‪1,25‬‬
‫ﲢﺪﻳﺪ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺩﻳﻜﺎﺭﺗﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﻤﺴﺘﻮﻯ ) ‪(OAB‬‬
‫⎯⎯ ⎛ →‬
‫⎯⎯‬ ‫⎯⎯ →‬ ‫⎞→‬
‫‪M ( x , y,z ) ∈ (OAB ) ⇔ OM . ⎜ OA ∧ OB ⎟ = 0‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‬
‫‪⇔x + y + z = 0‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪(OAB ) : x + y + z = 0‬‬
‫‪1+ 0 + 2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫= ) ) ‪ d ( Ω, (OAB‬ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪ (OAB‬ﳑﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻔﻠﻜﺔ )‪( S‬‬ ‫‪ (3‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪= 3 = r‬‬
‫=‬ ‫‪0,5‬‬
‫‪1 +1 +1‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪3‬‬
‫ﻭﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪ A‬ﻣﺸﺘﺮﻛﺔ ﺑﲔ ﺍﻟﻔﻠﻜﺔ )‪ ( S‬ﻭ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻯ ) ‪ (OAB‬ﻓﺈﻥ ) ‪ (OAB‬ﳑﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻔﻠﻜﺔ )‪ ( S‬ﰲ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ‪. A‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻧﻲ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻟﻨﺤﻞ ﰲ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ^ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪z − 6z + 34 = 0 :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ‪ S‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺣﻠﻮﻝ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪z 2 − 6z + 34 = 0‬‬

‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪∆' = 9 − 34 = −25 = ( 5i ) :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪S = { 3 + 5i ; 3 − 5i‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ }‬ ‫‪ z1 = 3 − 5i‬ﻭ ‪z2 = 3 + 5i‬‬

‫→‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ) '‪ M ' ( z‬ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ) ‪ M ( z‬ﺑﺎﻹﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪ T‬ﺫﺍﺕ ﺍﳌﺘﺠﻬﺔ ‪ u‬ﺍﻟﱵ ﳊﻘﻬﺎ ‪. 4 − 2i‬‬
‫ﺃ‪-‬ﻟﻨﺤﺪﺩ ﺍﻟﺘﻤﺜﻴﻞ ﺍﻟﻌﻘﺪﻱ ﻟﻺﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪. T‬‬
‫⎯⎯‬
‫→‬ ‫→‬
‫‪T ( M ) = M ' ⇔ MM ' = u‬‬ ‫‪0,75‬‬
‫⎞ →⎯⎯ ⎛‬ ‫→‬
‫‪⇔ Aff ⎜ MM ' ⎟ = Aff u‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‬
‫)(‬
‫‪⇔ z' − z = 4 − 2i‬‬
‫‪⇔ z' = z + 4 − 2i‬‬
‫ﻟﺘﻜﻦ ) '‪ A' ( z‬ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ) ‪ A ( 3 + 5i‬ﺑﺎﻟﻺﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪ T‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪z' = 3 + 5i + 4 − 2i = 7 + 3i = c‬‬

‫‪-1-‬‬
 ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ A' = C‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ C‬ﺻﻮﺭﺓ ‪ A‬ﺑﺎﻟﻺﺯﺍﺣﺔ ‪. T‬‬
‫) ‪b − c 3 − 5i −7 − 3i −4 − 8i 2i ( −4 + 2i‬‬ ‫‪0,5‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﺏ‪= 2i -‬‬
‫‪a − c 3 + 5i −7 − 3i −4 + 2i‬‬ ‫‪−4 + 2i‬‬
‫⎞‪b−c‬‬ ‫‪b−c‬‬
‫⎜⎛ ‪Arg‬‬ ‫ﻭ ]‪⎟ ≡ Arg ( 2i ) [2π‬‬ ‫ﺝ‪-‬ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪-2‬ﺏ‪ -‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ﺃﻥ ‪= 2i‬‬
‫⎠‪⎝ a −c‬‬ ‫‪a−c‬‬
‫‪0,75‬‬
‫‪⎛ ⎯⎯→ ⎯⎯→ ⎞ π‬‬ ‫‪⎛ b−c⎞ π‬‬ ‫‪b−c‬‬
‫ﺃﻱ ‪ a − c = 2‬ﻭ ]‪ Arg ⎜ a − c ⎟ ≡ 2 [2π‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ BC = 2.AC‬ﻭ ]‪⎜ CA,CB ⎟ ≡ [2π‬‬
‫⎝‬ ‫‪⎠ 2‬‬ ‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‬
‫ﻧﺘﻴﺠﺔ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺜﻠﺚ ‪ ABC‬ﻗﺎﺋﻢ ﺍﻟﺰﺍﻭﻳﺔ ﰲ ‪ C‬ﻭ ‪. BC = 2.AC‬‬
‫اﻟﺘﻤﺮﻳﻦ اﻟﺜﺎﻟﺚ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﻧﺴﺤﺐ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎ ﻭﰲ ﺁﻥ ﻭﺍﺣﺪ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‪:‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ Ω‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻟﻴﻔﺎﺕ ﻟﺜﻼﺙ ﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺍ‪‬ﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﳌﻜﻮﻧﺔ ﻣﻦ ‪ 9‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ‪ .‬ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫‪9 × 8 ×7‬‬
‫= ‪card Ω = C93‬‬ ‫‪= 84‬‬
‫‪3× 2 × 1‬‬
‫ﺃ‪-‬ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪" : A‬ﺳﺤﺐ ﻛﺮﺗﲔ ﲪﺮﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﻭﻛﺮﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ"‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪ A‬ﳏﻘﻖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ﻛﺮﺗﲔ ﲪﺮﺍﻭﻳﻦ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑِـ ‪ C62‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﻭﻛﺮﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑِـ ‪C31‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫‪C62 × C31 15 × 3 15‬‬
‫= ) ‪p( A‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫‪C93‬‬ ‫‪84‬‬ ‫‪28‬‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪" B‬ﺳﺤﺐ ﻛﺮﺓ ﻭﺍﺣﺪﺓ ﺧﻀﺮﺍﺀ ﻋﻠﻰ ﺍﻷﻗﻞ"‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪" : B‬ﺳﺤﺐ ‪ 3‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ"‬ ‫‪1‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪ B‬ﳏﻘﻖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑِـ ‪ C63‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ‬
‫‪C3 5 × 4 5‬‬
‫‪p (B ) = 1 − p (B ) = 1 −‬‬ ‫= ‪ p (B ) = 63‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫‪5 16‬‬
‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫‪21 21‬‬ ‫‪C9‬‬ ‫‪84 21‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻧﺴﺤﺐ ﻋﺸﻮﺍﺋﻴﺎ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺇﺣﻼﻝ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺼﻨﺪﻭﻕ‬
‫‪1‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ Ω‬ﳎﻤﻮﻋﺔ ﺍﻟﺘﺮﺗﻴﺒﺎﺕ ﺑﺪﻭﻥ ﺗﻜﺮﺍﺭ ﻟﺜﻼﺛﺔﻋﻨﺎﺻﺮ ﻣﻦ ﺑﲔ ‪ 9‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪card Ω = A93 = 9 × 8 ×7 = 504‬‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪" R‬ﺳﺤﺐ ﺛﻼﺙ ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ"‬
‫ﺍﳊﺪﺙ ‪ R‬ﳏﻘﻖ ﺇﺫﺍ ﰎ ﺍﺧﺘﻴﺎﺭ ‪ 3‬ﻛﺮﺍﺕ ﲪﺮﺍﺀ ﺑﺎﻟﺘﺘﺎﺑﻊ ﻭﺫﻟﻚ ﺑِـ‪ A63 :‬ﻛﻴﻔﻴﺔ ﳐﺘﻠﻔﺔ‪.‬‬
‫‪A63 6 × 5 × 4 5‬‬
‫= ) ‪p(R‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫=‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ‬
‫‪A93 9 × 8 ×7 21‬‬
‫اﻟﻤﺴﺄﻟﺔ‪:‬‬
‫‪ (I‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ g‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﻋﺪﺩﻳﺔ ﻣﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ ]0,+‬ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪g ( x ) = x − 2 Anx :‬‬
‫‪2 x −2‬‬
‫) [∞‪( ∀x ∈ ]0, +‬‬ ‫‪g' ( x ) = 1 −‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫‪ (1‬ﺃ‪ -‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ g‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﱮ [∞‪ ]0, +‬ﻭ‬ ‫‪0,5‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬ﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ x‬ﻣﻮﺟﺐ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻓﺈﻥ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ) ‪ g' ( x‬ﻫﻲ ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ‪. x − 2‬‬
‫ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻐﲑﺍﺕ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪g‬‬

‫‪-2-‬‬
 ‫‪0,5‬‬
‫‪x 0‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫ﺇﺷﺎﺭﺓ ) ‪g' ( x‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪0‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫ﺗﻐﲑﺍﺕ ‪g‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪2 − An4‬‬
‫[∞‪ ∀x ∈ ]0, +‬ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪g ( 2) = 2 − 2An2 > 0‬‬ ‫‪ (2‬ﻣﻦ ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻐﲑﺍﺕ ‪ g‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪g ( x ) ≥ g ( 2) :‬‬
‫‪0,5‬‬
‫[∞‪. ∀x ∈ ]0, +‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪g ( x ) > 0‬‬
‫‪ (II‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﻟﺪﺍﻟﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ‪ f‬ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ ]0, +‬ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪f ( x ) = x − ( Anx ) :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪ (1‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ∞‪ lim+ f ( x ) = lim+ x − ( A nx ) = −‬ﻷﻥ ∞‪lim+ Anx = −‬‬

‫‪2‬‬

‫‪x →0‬‬ ‫‪x →0‬‬ ‫‪x →0‬‬ ‫‪0,75‬‬

‫‪.‬‬ ‫ﺍﻟﺘﺄﻭﻳﻞ ﺍﳍﻨﺪﺳﻲ‪ :‬ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪ (D ) : x = 0‬ﻣﻘﺎﺭﺏ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪( C‬‬
‫‪f‬‬

‫‪ (2‬ﺃ‪ -‬ﻧﻀﻊ ‪ t = x‬ﺣﻴﺚ ‪ . x > 0‬ﳌﺎ ﻳﺆﻭﻝ ‪ x‬ﺇﱃ ∞‪ +‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪ t‬ﻳﺆﻭﻝ ﺇﱃ ∞‪. +‬‬
‫‪0,5‬‬
‫) ‪( Anx‬‬ ‫) ‪( Anx‬‬ ‫) ‪( Ant 2‬‬ ‫) ‪( 2Ant‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛ Ant‬‬ ‫⎞ ‪⎛ Ant‬‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫⎜ ‪= lim 4.‬‬ ‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪⎟ = 0‬‬ ‫=‬ ‫⎜ ‪= 4.‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ⎟‬
‫=‬
‫⎠ ‪⎝ t‬‬ ‫⎠ ‪⎝ t‬‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪t →+‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬ ‫‪t‬‬
‫⎞ ‪⎛ ( Anx )2‬‬
‫‪lim f ( x ) = lim x − ( Anx ) = lim x ⎜ 1 −‬‬ ‫ﺏ‪-‬ﺍﺳﺘﻨﺘﺎﺝ‪⎟ = +∞ :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫⎜ ∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫⎟ ‪x‬‬

‫⎝‬ ‫⎠‬ ‫‪0,75‬‬
‫⎞ ) ‪⎛ ( Anx‬‬‫‪2‬‬

‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪⎜1−‬‬ ‫⎟‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬ ‫⎜‬ ‫⎟‬ ‫(‬ ‫) ‪Anx‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬
‫) ‪f (x‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫‪−‬‬ ‫‪A‬‬ ‫‪nx‬‬ ‫⎝‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫⎠‬
‫‪lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim‬‬ ‫‪= lim 1 −‬‬ ‫ﻭﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪= 1‬‬
‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫‪x‬‬
‫ﺝ‪ -‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ∞‪lim f ( x ) − x = lim − ( Anx ) = −‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬

‫‪0,5‬‬
‫ﻳﻘﺒﻞ ﻓﺮﻋﺎ ﺷﻠﺠﻤﻴﺎ ﰲ ﺍﲡﺎﻩ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ∆ ( ﺍﻟﺬﻱ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﻪ ‪. y = x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪( Cf‬‬
‫‪0,25‬‬
‫ﻳﻮﺟﺪ ﲢﺖ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ) ∆ ( ‪.‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪( C‬‬
‫‪f‬‬ ‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪f ( x ) − x = − ( Anx ) ≤ 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫ﺩ‪-‬ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪\∗+‬‬
‫‪ (3‬ﺃ‪-‬ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ‪\∗+‬‬

‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ) ‪ f ' (x ) = 1 − 2Anx. x1 = x = gx(x‬ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪( ∀x ∈ \∗+ ) f ' (x ) = gx(x‬‬

‫‪x − 2Anx‬‬ ‫‪0,75‬‬

‫ﻣﻦ ﺍﻟﺴﺆﺍﻝ ‪ (2 -I‬ﻧﺴﺘﻨﺘﺞ ‪ ∀x ∈ ]0, +∞[ f ' ( x ) > 0 :‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪ f‬ﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ ‪. \∗+‬‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬ﺟﺪﻭﻝ ﺗﻐﲑﺍﺕ ‪: f‬‬

‫‪0,25‬‬

‫‪-3-‬‬
 ‫‪x 0‬‬ ‫∞ ‪+‬‬

‫ﺍﺷﺎﺭﺓ ) ‪f ' ( x‬‬ ‫‪+‬‬

‫ﺗﻐﲑﺍﺕ ‪f‬‬ ‫∞‪+‬‬

‫‪0,5‬‬
‫∞‪−‬‬

‫ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﻓﺼﻮﳍﺎ ‪: 1‬‬ ‫ﺝ‪-‬ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺱ ﻟﻠﻤﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪( C‬‬

‫‪f‬‬
‫‪0,5‬‬
‫)‪ y = f ' (1)( x − 1) + f (1‬ﻭﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ f ' (1) = 1‬ﻭ ‪f (1) = 1‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ﺍﳌﻤﺎﺱ ﻋﻨﺪ ﺍﻟﻨﻘﻄﺔ ﺍﻟﱵ ﺃﻓﺼﻮﳍﺎ ‪ 1‬ﻫﻲ ‪. ( ∆ ) : y = x‬‬
‫‪ (4‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻭﺗﺰﺍﻳﺪﻳﺔ ﻗﻄﻌﺎ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ ]0,+‬ﻭ \ = ⎡ ) ‪f ( ]0, +∞[ ) = ⎤ lim+ f ( x ) , lim f ( x‬‬
‫‪⎥⎦ x →0‬‬ ‫∞‪x →+‬‬ ‫⎣⎢‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ \ ∈‪ 0‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺍﳌﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪ f ( x ) = 0‬ﺗﻘﺒﻞ ﺣﻼ ﻭﺣﻴﺪﺍ ‪ α‬ﰲ [∞‪. ]0,+‬‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ f ⎜⎛ ⎟⎞ × f ⎜⎛ ⎟⎞ = ⎜⎛ − 1⎟⎞ × ⎜⎛ − ( An2) ⎟⎞ < 0‬ﺇﺫﻥ ﺣﺴﺐ ﻣﱪﻫﻨﺔ ﺍﻟﻘﻴﻢ ﺍﻟﻮﺳﻴﻄﻴﺔ < ‪< α‬‬
‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫⎠‪⎝ e‬‬ ‫‪⎝2⎠ ⎝e ⎠ ⎝2‬‬ ‫⎠‬

‫‪ (5‬ﺍﻧﺸﺎﺀ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪. ( C f‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪0,5‬‬

‫⎯⎯ ‪ H : x‬ﻗﺎﺑﻠﺔ ﻟﻺﺷﺘﻘﺎﻕ ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪ ]0,+‬ﻭﻟﻜﻞ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ [∞‪]0,+‬‬‫‪ (6‬ﺃ‪-‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪→ x Anx − x‬‬
‫⎯⎯ ‪ x‬ﻋﻠﻰ [∞‪. ]0,+‬‬‫⎯⎯ ‪ H : x‬ﺩﺍﻟﺔ ﺃﺻﻠﻴﺔ ﻟﻠﺪﺍﻟﺔ ‪→ Anx‬‬
‫‪ H ' ( x ) = A nx‬ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ‪→ x Anx − x‬‬
‫‪0,75‬‬
‫‪-4-‬‬
 ‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ‪Anx dx = [xAnx − x ]1 = (eAne− e) − (1An1 − 1) = 1 :‬‬
‫‪e‬‬
‫∫‬
‫‪e‬‬
‫‪1‬‬

‫) ‪∫1 ( Anx‬‬
‫‪e‬‬
‫ﺏ‪-‬ﺣﺴﺎﺏ ﺍﻟﺘﻜﺎﻣﻞ ‪dx :‬‬
‫‪2‬‬

‫‪Anx‬‬
‫ﻧﻀﻊ ) ‪ u = ( A nx‬ﺇﺫﻥ‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪u' = 2‬‬
‫‪x‬‬
‫‪v =x‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ‬ ‫ﻭ ‪v' = 1‬‬ ‫‪0,5‬‬

‫ﻭﺑﺎﻟﺘﺎﱄ ‪∫1 ( Anx ) dx = ⎡⎣x. ( Anx ) ⎤⎦ 1 − ∫ 1 2Anx dx = e− 2‬‬

‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬

‫ﺝ‪-‬ﻟﺪﻳﺘﺎ ﻣﺴﺎﺣﺔ ﺍﳊﻴﺰ ﺍﳌﺴﺘﻮﻱ ﺍﶈﺼﻮﺭ ﺑﲔ ﺍﳌﻨﺤﲎ ) ‪ ( C f‬ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻢ ‪ ( ∆ ) : y = x‬ﻭﺍﳌﺴﺘﻘﻴﻤﲔ ﺍﻟﻠﺬﻳﻦ‬

‫ﻣﻌﺎﺩﻟﺘﺎﳘﺎ ‪ x = 1‬ﻭ ‪ x = e‬ﻫﻲ ‪A = ∫ x − ( x − ( Anx ) )dx × U.A :‬‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬

‫(‬ ‫)‬
‫ﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪x − x − ( Anx ) dx = ∫ ( Anx ) dx = e− 2‬‬
‫‪e‬‬ ‫‪e‬‬
‫ﻓﺈﻥ ‪A = (e− 2 ) U.A‬‬ ‫∫‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫‪1‬‬ ‫‪1‬‬

‫‪⎧u0 = 2‬‬ ‫‪0,75‬‬

‫‪ (III‬ﻧﻌﺘﱪ ﺍﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ﺍﻟﻌﺪﺩﻳﺔ ) ‪ (un‬ﺍﳌﻌﺮﻓﺔ ﲟﺎ ﻳﻠﻲ‪⎨∀n ∈ ` ; u = f u :‬‬
‫⎩‬ ‫‪n +1‬‬ ‫)‪( n‬‬
‫‪ (1‬ﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪ u0 = 2‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪1 ≤ u0 ≤ 2‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ n‬ﻣﻦ ` ﻧﻔﺘﺮﺽ ﺃﻥ ‪ 1 ≤ un ≤ 2‬ﻟﻨﺒﲔ ﺃﻥ ‪. 1 ≤ un+1 ≤ 2‬‬
‫)‪1 ≤ un ≤ 2 ⇒ f (1) ≤ f (un ) ≤ f ( 2‬‬ ‫‪f croissante‬‬
‫)‪⇒ 1 ≤ un +1 ≤ 2 − ( An2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪0,5‬‬
‫‪2 − ( An2) ≤ 2‬‬
‫‪2‬‬
‫‪⇒ 1 ≤ un+1 ≤ 2‬‬ ‫‪car‬‬
‫` ∈ ‪∀n‬‬ ‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪; 1 ≤ un ≤ 2‬‬
‫‪ (2‬ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ‪ ∀x ∈ ]0, +∞[ f ( x ) ≤ x‬ﺇﺫﻥ ‪∀x ∈ [1,2] f ( x ) ≤ x‬‬
‫‪0,75‬‬
‫` ∈ ‪ ∀n‬ﻳﻌﲏ ‪∀n ∈ ` un+1 ≤ un‬‬ ‫` ∈ ‪ ∀n‬ﻓﺈﻥ ‪f (un ) ≤ un‬‬ ‫ﻭﲟﺎ ﺃﻥ ‪; 1 ≤ un ≤ 2‬‬
‫ﻭﻣﻨﻪ ﺍﳌﺘﺘﺎﻟﻴﺔ ) ‪ (un‬ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ ‪.‬‬
‫‪ (un ) (3‬ﺗﻨﺎﻗﺼﻴﺔ ﻭﻣﺼﻐﻮﺭﺓ ﺇﺫﻥ ) ‪ (un‬ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬
‫ﻟﺪﻳﻨﺎ ) ‪ un+1 = f (un‬ﻭ ]‪ f ([1,2]) ⊂ [1,2‬ﻭ ‪ f‬ﻣﺘﺼﻠﺔ ﻋﻠﻰ ]‪ [1,2‬ﻭ ) ‪ (un‬ﻣﺘﻘﺎﺭﺑﺔ‬
‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪ A‬ﺎﻳﺔ ) ‪ (un‬ﺣﻞ ﻟﻠﻤﻌﺎﺩﻟﺔ ‪x ∈[1,2] f ( x ) = x‬‬
‫ﻟﻴﻜﻦ ‪ x‬ﻣﻦ ]‪[1,2‬‬
‫‪f ( x ) = x ⇔ x − ( Anx ) = x ⇔ ( Anx ) = 0‬‬
‫‪2‬‬ ‫‪2‬‬

‫ﺇﺫﻥ ‪lim un = 1‬‬ ‫‪⇔x =1‬‬

‫∞‪n →+‬‬

‫‪Etabli par :Skri Mohammed‬‬

‫‪-5-‬‬