Ontology Based Information RetrievalforE-Tourism
G.Sudha SadasivamC.Kavitha M.SaravanaPriya
Professor,Department of CSESenior Lecturer PG StudentPSG College of TechnologyPSG College of Technology PSG College of TechnologyCoimbatore,India Coimbatore, India Coimbatore, IndiaEmail id: sudhasadhasivam@yahoo.comEmail id:mail2kavithak@yahoo.com Email id:priyakut@gmail.com
Abstract
-This paper reportswork done in the E-Tourismproject. The overall goal of the project is to improve informationcreation, maintenance and delivery in the tourism industrybyintroducing semantic technologies. Thispaper analyzes theweakness of keyword based techniques and proposes needforsemantic based intelligent information retrieval for tourismdomain.TheSemantic Web is an evolving development of theWorld Wide Webin which the meaning of information andservices on the web is defined, making it possible for the web tounderstand and satisfy the requests of people and machines touse the web content. It also supports the transparent exchange of information and knowledge among collaborating e-businessorganizations.Itfocuses meaningful exchangeofknowledgebetween organizations. Major challenge faced by the semanticweb application is modeling of ontology and ontology basedinformation retrieval. The software framework has beendeveloped using Protégé tool for Travels and Tourism domain.This framework facilitates creation and maintenance of ontology.The paper also proposes two methods for information retrievalnamely top down and bottom up approach. A comparison of these two approaches also presented in the paper.Keywords: Semantic Web, Keyword based Search Engine,Ontology, Protégé Tool, Jambalaya,JenaAgent.
I.I
NTRODUCTION
When surfing on the Internet, end users areincreasingly in need of more powerful tools capable of searching and interpreting the vast amount of heterogeneousinformation available on the Web. Current Web has beendesigned for direct human processing, but the next-generation“Semantic Web,” aims at machine-process ableinformation[8].The Semantic Web also provides thefoundation for semantic architecture to support the transparentexchange of information and knowledge amongcollaboratinge-business organizations[2]. Recent advances in the SemanticWeb technologies offermeans for organizations to exchangeknowledge in a meaningful way [5].The idea allows softwareagents to analyze the Web on our behalf, making smartinferences that go beyond the simple linguistic analysisperformed by today’s search engines [5]. The applications thatdeliver these new online solutions are based on ontology.Ontologyis basically a description of the key concepts in agiven domain including the rules, properties and relationshipsbetween concepts. There are many challenges involved inimplementing such an innovative new approach for onlinesearch services. Ontology modeling and ontology basedinformation retrieval are two of the major issues faced bydevelopers. In this paper, Ontology modeling toolProtégé andan architecture based on the tool aimed at addressing theseissues arepresented. Thepaperproposes a convenientandeffective wayfor ontology engineer to create domain ontologyenables Ontologyengineer to update the ontology by addinginstances and deployseffective applicationsand facilitatesontologybased querying of Semantic Web resources.II. P
ROPOSED
A
RCHITECTURE
Fig 1 represents a framework to support convenient andintelligent querying of Semantic Webresources forinformationretrieval. Thekey role players of this architectureinclude Admin,Ontology modeling tool Protégé and End user.
A.Design Steps
1.
The admin or ontology engineer createsontology by usingprotégé tool.
2.
If any new activity istobe addedto the ontology, theontology needs to beupdated. The ontology engineer updatesthe ontology byadding instances.
3.
End usersearchesfor web content in the same way as in aconventional search engine and issues requests using thesystem’s GUI
4
. TheEnd users query to Jena agent and ontology will betraversed either top down or bottom up approachaccording toend user specification
5.
The Jena agent retrieves the query resultand passestheresult toGUI.
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 2, May 201078http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
6.
The GUI displays the results to the end user.
Fig. 1System Architecture
III P
ROPOSED
M
ETHODOLOGY
A.
Travels and Tourism
TheTravels and TourismRecommendation System is atravel consultancysystem designed to provide budgettraveling details to customer.Although travel resources on theinternet are abundant, informationis widely distributedamongmultiple travel agents. If endusers want to gather information,they need to spend time searching on the internet. Theresultsof the query are usually not accurate and sufficient. So it isnecessary to design Travels and Tourism RecommendationSystem to helpbudget travelers to arrange their journey andbudget [6]. In Tourism recommendation system, whenever theend userselects the source name, destination name andbudget, then ontology will be traversed and meaningful resultwill be displayed based on top down approach. If the end userSpecifiesthe restaurant name, accommodation name andtravels name then ontology will be traversed using bottom upapproachIVI
MPLEMENTATION
D
ETAILS
Protégé is used to model ontology. Itis an opensource tool which is used to construct knowledge basedapplication using ontology. Ontology is a formal explicitspecification of shared conceptualization. Itprovides aplatform for ontology engineers to create ontologyand formthe ontology knowledge-base. The tool displays and editsontology in graphical mode, and can synchronously createontology OWL [6]files as well. The work of creatingontology is realized by jambalya[9],Property Window,IndividualEditor Window.Accordingto the outline view, allthe ontology objects and relative properties could be listed anddisplayed. Themulti-layeredit view comprises two partsnamely Class edit view and Property edit view. The edit viewdisplayssubclasses, instances, classes,inheritance andequivalence, mapping relation between class and instance .Theedit view of Propertydisplaysproperties, inheritance andequivalence relation of propertiesA.
Tourism Domain Ontology Creation:
TheProtégé toolis used tocreate Travels andTourism domain ontology. Fig.2displays Travels and Tourismdomain ontology created byProtégé toolusing Jambalya. Ithas travels and tourismontology with Travels, Restaurant,Accommodation, and Activity concepts for the citieslikeMumbai, Chennai, Delhi, Hyderabad, Kolkata and Bangalore.Properties and relationshipare set between each concept.Instance is created for each conceptandvalue is assigned foreach instance. Class Editor Windowenables theontologyengineer to createand update theclasses. Multiple siblings canbe created for a same class. Based on the need,the ontologyengineer can set the restrictionsand comment for each classes.The ontology engineer can create a number of properties for aclassusing property window. Propertywindow includes twotypes of properties namelyData type property, Objectproperty. The data type property mentions the data type foreach property. Theontology engineer has to specify propertywith corresponding subclass, range and allowable valuesforthatproperty.The object poperty mentions the relationshipbetween each class or concept.In the edit view of Propertywindow, properties, inheritance and equivalence relation of properties are all displayed here.The ontology engineercreates number of instancesor individualsfor each class orconcept and assignvalues for each instancebased on datatype property.
Jena Agent
Protégé toolOntologyCreationOntology TraversalOntologyupdationResultQueryEnd-UserAdminOntology
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 2, May 201079http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
Fig. 2 Travels and Tourism Ontology
B. Tourism Domain Ontology Updation
The ontology engineer can update the ontology byaddinginstances.
Fig. 2 Ontologyupdation
Fig.3 displays the ontology updation dynamically during runtime.The ontology engineer has to specify the instance namewith corresponding concept name to which instanceis tobedynamically added.Finally ontology gets updated
C. Searching and Retrieval
In InTravels and Tourism Recommendation system, whenthe end userissuesrequests the ontology will be traversedusing top down approach or bottom up approach, when
. 1) Top down Approach:
Inthis approach the end userhas to specify thesource name, destination name and budget, according tobudget the ontology will be traversed and results will bedisplayed to end user.Ithas 2 choicesnamely travel agencychoice and enduserchoice.
a) Travel Agency Choice:
Herethe end user specifiesthe source name, destination name and budget. TheTravelagency queries theend userfor hispreferencenamelyTravelsor Tourism. If end user preferencenamely travelsthendetailsof luxurytravels are extracted. If the end user preference istourism details of tourist spots are extracted.Accordingto endusersbudget, travels and tourism ontology instance weightwill be added. The sum of instance weight is which is less thanor equal to end userbudget as results will be extractedanddisplayed.
Fig. 4 TravelAgency choice
Fig 4 displays the searching result based on budgetestimation, preference and distance between source anddestination. According to end user estimation andpreference,the corresponding destination Tourist spots,Restaurant, Accommodation and Travels details aredisplayed based on sum of instance weight.
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 2, May 201080http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
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Ontology Based Information Retrieval for E-Tourism
This paper reports work done in the E-Tourism project. The overall goal of the project is to improve information creation, maintenance and delivery in the tourism industry by introducing semantic technologies. This paper analyzes the weakness…
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