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ANSWERS TO BAR
EXAMINATION QUESTIONS
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freeware. It may be freely copied and distributed. It is primarily
intended for all those who desire to have a deeper understanding of
the issues touched by the Philippine Bar Examinations and its trend.
It is specially intended for law students from the provinces who,
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REMEDIAL LAW
ARRANGED BY TOPIC
We would like (1997 2006)
to seek the indulgence of the reader for some Bar
Questions which are improperly classified under a topic and for
some topics which are improperly or ignorantly phrased, for the
authors are just Bar Reviewees
Edited and who have
Arranged by: prepared this work while
reviewing for the Bar Exams under
version time constraints and within their
1987-2003
Silliman University
limited knowledge of the law. We would like to seek the readers
College of Law Batch
indulgence for a lot of typographical
2005 errors in this work.
UPDATED BY:
Dondee
The RE-Take 2007
The
FromAuthors
the ANSWERS TO BAR EXAMINATION
July 26, 2005
QUESTIONS by the UP LAW COMPLEX & Philippine Law
Schools Association 2006
Updated by Dondee
July 22, 2007 July 22, 2007
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 3 of 66
TABLE OF CONTENTS
GENERAL PRINCIPLES........................................................................................................................................ 8
Bar by Prior Judgment vs. Conclusiveness of Judgment (1997)
.............................................................................. 8 Cause of action vs. Action (1997)
............................................................................................................................ 8 Civil Actions vs.
Special Proceedings (1998) ........................................................................................................... 8
Conciliation Proceedings; Katarungang Pambarangay vs. Pre-Trial Conference
(1999) ........................................... 8 Family Courts Act (2001)
......................................................................................................................................... 8 Interlocutory
Order (2006) ....................................................................................................................................... 8
Judgment vs. Opinion of the Court
(2006)................................................................................................................ 8 Judicial Autonomy &
Impartiality (2003) .................................................................................................................. 8
Katarungang Pambarangay; Objective (1999)
.......................................................................................................... 9 Liberal Construction; Rules of
Court (1998)............................................................................................................. 9 Remedial Law in
Phil. System of Govt (2006) .......................................................................................................... 9
JURISDICTION.......................................................................................................................................................
Remedial Law vs. Substantive Law (2006) 10
Jurisdiction
............................................................................................................... 9 Remedial Law; Concept
(2006) ................................................................................................................................ 9 Rights of the
(1997)................................................................................................................................................. 10
Accused;
Jurisdiction Validity; HIV
vs. Test (2005)
Venue
...................................................................................................... 9
(2006)................................................................................................................................. 10 Jurisdiction;
CTA Division vs. CTA En Banc (2006) ...............................................................................................
10 Jurisdiction; Incapable of Pecuniary Estimation
(2000).......................................................................................... 10 Jurisdiction; Incapable of
Pecuniary Estimation (2000).......................................................................................... 11
Jurisdiction; Incapable of Pecuniary Estimation
(2003).......................................................................................... 11 Jurisdiction; MTC
(2002)........................................................................................................................................
Actions; Cause of Action vs. Action (1999) 11
Jurisdiction; Office of the Solicitor
............................................................................................................ 13 Actions; Cause of Action; General
(2006)................................................................................................. 11 Jurisdiction; Ombudsman
Joinder & Splitting (1998)............................................................................................. 13 Actions;
Case
Cause Decisions of (2006)..................................................................................................
Action; Joinder of Action 12
CIVIL PROCEDURE
Jurisdiction; ..............................................................................................................................................
Probate 13
(1999)................................................................................................ 13 Actions; Cause of Action;
(2001)...................................................................................................................................
Joinder of Action (2005)................................................................................................ 12 Jurisdiction;
13 Actions;
RTC
Cause (2002) ........................................................................................................................................
of Action; Splitting (1999) 12
Jurisdiction; Subdivision
............................................................................................................. 14 Actions; Cause of Action; Homeowner
(2006).........................................................................................................
Splitting (2005) ............................................................................................................. 12 Katarungang
14 Actions;
Pambarangay; Lupon;
Cause of Actions; Motion to Dismiss; bar by prior judgment Extent of Authority;
(2002)
(2001)............................................................................
......................................................... 14 13
Actions; Counterclaim (2002)
................................................................................................................................ 14 Actions;
Counterclaim vs. Crossclaim
(1999)......................................................................................................... 15 Actions; Cross-Claims;
Third Party Claims (1997) ................................................................................................. 15
Actions; Derivative Suit vs. Class Suit
(2005)......................................................................................................... 16 Actions; Filing; Civil
Actions & Criminal Action (2005)........................................................................................... 16
Actions; Intervention; Requisites (2000)
................................................................................................................ 16 Actions; Real Actions &
Personal Actions (2006)................................................................................................... 16 Actions;
Survives Death of the Defendant (2000)
................................................................................................... 16 Appeals; Period of Appeal; Fresh
Period Rule (2003)............................................................................................. 17 Certiorari; Mode
of Certiorari (2006) ...................................................................................................................... 17
Certiorari; Rule 45 vs. Rule 65 (1998)
..................................................................................................................... 17 Certiorari; Rule 45 vs.
Rule 65 (2005) ..................................................................................................................... 18
Contempt; Death of a Party; Effect (1998)
.............................................................................................................. 18 Default (2000)
........................................................................................................................................................ 18 Default
(2001) ........................................................................................................................................................ 18
Default; Order of Default; Effects (1999)
................................................................................................................ 18 Default; Remedies; Party
Declared in Default (1998) .............................................................................................. 19
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 4 of 66
Default; Remedies; Party Declared in Default (2006)
Default; Remedies;
.............................................................................................. 19 Substantial Compliance
Demurrer to
(2000)................................................................................................ Evidence
20 (2001)
Demurrer to Evidence; Civil Case vs. 20 Criminal
................................................................................................................................. Case
Discovery; Modes
(2003).................................................................................... 20 of Discovery
Discovery; Modes; Subpoena Duces
(2000)................................................................................................................... 20 Tecum (1997)
Discovery; Production and
............................................................................................... 21Inspection of Documents
Dismissal; Motion to
(2002).................................................................................. Dismiss;
21 Res Judicata
Evidence; Admissibility;
(2000)................................................................................................ Photocopies
21 (2000)
Forum Shopping;
......................................................................................................... 22Definition (2006)
Forum Shopping; Effects; Lack of
........................................................................................................................ 22 Certification (2006)
Gen. Principles; Questions of Law22 vs. Questions of Fact (2004)
...........................................................................................
Judgment; Annulment
............................................................................ 22 of Judgment; Grounds
Judgment; Enforcement; 5-year22
(1998)............................................................................................. period (1997)
Judgment; Enforcement; Foreign
....................................................................................................... 22 Judgment (2005)
Judgment; Execution
............................................................................................... 22 pending Appeal
Judgment; Interlocutory Order; Partial Summary
(2002)......................................................................................................... 23 Judgments (2004)
Judgment; Judgment
...................................................................... 23 on the Pleadings (1999)
Judgment; Judgment on the
....................................................................................................... 23 Pleadings (2005)
Judgment; Mandamus vs. 24
....................................................................................................... Quo Warranto
Judgment; Soundness;
(2001)..................................................................................................... Attachment
24 (2002)
Judgments; Enforcement; Examination
............................................................................................................ 24 of Defendant
Jurisdiction; Habeas Corpus;
(2002).................................................................................. Custody
24 of Minors (2005)
Jurisdiction; Lack of Jurisdiction; Proper
........................................................................................ 25 Action of the Court (2004)
Parties; Death of 25
..................................................................... a Party; Effect (1998)
Parties; Death of a Party;
.................................................................................................................. 25 Effect (1999)
Parties; Death of a Party;
.................................................................................................................. 25 Effect (1999)
Parties; Third Party
.................................................................................................................. 26 Claim (2000)
Parties; Third-Party Claim
........................................................................................................................... 26 (2005)
Petition for Certiorari26
........................................................................................................................... (2000)
Petition for Relief & Action
.................................................................................................................................. 26for Annulment
Petition for Relief;
(2002)................................................................................................... 27 Injunction
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint; By Leave 27
(2002)....................................................................................................................... of Court (2003)
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint;
............................................................................ 27 By Leave of Court; Prescriptive Period
Pleadings; Amendment 27 of
(2000)............................................. Complaint; Matter of Right (2005)
Pleadings; Amendment of Complaint;
................................................................................. 28 To Conform w/ Evidence (2004)
Pleadings; Answer;
.................................................................. 28Defense; Specific Denial (2004)
Pleadings; Certification Against 28
.............................................................................................. Forum Shopping (2000)
Pleadings; Counterclaim against the
....................................................................................... 29 Counsel of the Plaintiff (2004)
Pleadings; Motions; 29
...................................................................... Bill of Particulars
Pleadings; Reply; Effect of Non-Filing 29 of
(2003)......................................................................................................... Reply (2000)
Prejudicial Question; Ejectment
...........................................................................................vs.
29 Specific Performance (2000)
Pre-Trial;
.......................................................................... 30Requirements (2001)
Provisional Remedies
.............................................................................................................................. 30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies; Attachment
................................................................................................................................. 30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (2001)
Provisional Remedies;
.............................................................................................................Attachment
30 (2005)
Provisional Remedies; Attachment vs.
............................................................................................................. 30 Garnishment (1999)
Provisional Remedies;
................................................................................... 31 Injunction
Provisional Remedies;
(2001)................................................................................................................ 31 Injunction
Provisional Remedies; Injunctions; Ancillary Remedy
(2003)................................................................................................................ 31 vs. Main Action
Provisional Remedies;
(2006)........................................................ Injunctions;
31 Issuance w/out Bond (2006)
Provisional Remedies; 31
........................................................................... Injunctions; Requisites
Provisional Remedies;
(2006)............................................................................................ Receivership
31 (2001)
Provisional Remedies; 32
........................................................................................................... Replevin
Provisional Remedies; Support
(1999).................................................................................................................. Pendente
32 Lite
Provisional Remedies; Support 32
(1999)............................................................................................. Pendente Lite
Provisional Remedies;
(2001)............................................................................................. 32 TRO (2001)
Provisional Remedies;
........................................................................................................................ TRO
32 (2006)
........................................................................................................................ 33
Version 1997-2006 Updated by Dondee
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 5 of 66 Provisional
Remedies; TRO vs. Status Quo Order (2006) .......................................................................................
33 Provisional Remedies; TRO; CA Justice Dept.
(2006)............................................................................................. 33 Provisional Remedies; TRO;
Duration (2006) ......................................................................................................... 33 Reglementary
Period; Supplemental Pleadings (2000) ........................................................................................... 33
Remedies; Appeal to SC; Appeals to CA (2002)
..................................................................................................... 33 Remedies; Appeal; RTC to CA
(1999)..................................................................................................................... 33 Remedies; Appeal;
Rule 45 vs. Rule 65 (1999) ....................................................................................................... 34
Remedies; Void Decision; Proper Remedy (2004)
.................................................................................................. 34 Special Civil Action; Ejectment (1997)
Acquittal; Effect
................................................................................................................... 35 Special Civil (2002)
Action;
Ejectment (1998) ................................................................................................................... 35 SpecialBP22;
.......................................................................................................................................... 38 Actions; Civil
Action; Civil Foreclosure
Action deemed (2003) included (2001)..............................................................................................
................................................................................................................ 35
Special 39 Actions;
Civil BP22;
Action; Demurrer
Petition for to Evidence
Certiorari (2003)
(2002)
.........................................................................................................
.................................................................................................. 35 Special 39 Actions;
Civil Action; Commencement Quo Warranto of an
Action; Double Jeopardy (2004)............................................................................
(2001) ............................................................................................................. 36 Special Civil Actions; 39 Actions;
Mandamus Discretionary (2006) Power of
................................................................................................................ Fiscal 36
(1999)........................................................................................................ 39 Actions;
Summons.............................................................................................................................................................. 36Injunction
Summons (1999)...................................................................................................................................... 39 Arrest;
(1999) ...................................................................................................................................................
37 Warrantless Summons; Arrest;Substituted PreliminaryService Investigation (2004)
CRIMINAL PROCEDURE....................................................................................................................................
(2004).................................................................................. 40 37 Arrest; Warrantless Arrests 38
&
................................................................................................................... Summons; Validity of Service;
Effects Searches (1997) ......................................................................................................
(2006)......................................................................................................... 37 Venue;40 Improper Arrest;
Venue; Warrantless
Compulsory Counterclaim Arrests (1998)....................................................................................
& Seizures (2003) 38
Venue; .......................................................................................................
Personal 40 Arrest; Warrantless Arrests;
Actions
Objection (2000)........................................................................................................
(1997)............................................................................................................................. 38 41 Bail (2002)
............................................................................................................................................................. 41 Bail;
Appeal (1998) ................................................................................................................................................
41 Bail; Application; Venue
(2002).............................................................................................................................. 41 Bail; Forms of
Bail (1999) ...................................................................................................................................... 41 Bail;
Matter of Right (1999)
.................................................................................................................................... 41 Bail; Matter of
Right vs. Matter of Discretion (1999) ...............................................................................................
41 Bail; Matter of Right vs. Matter of Discretion (2006)
............................................................................................... 42 Bail; Witness Posting Bail (1999)
........................................................................................................................... 42 Complaint vs.
Information (1999) ........................................................................................................................... 42
Demurrer to Evidence; Contract of Carriage
(2004)................................................................................................ 42 Demurrer to Evidence; w/o
Leave of Court (1998) .................................................................................................. 42 Demurrer
to Evidence; w/o Leave of Court (2001)
.................................................................................................. 43 Demurrer to Evidence; w/o Leave
of Court (2004) .................................................................................................. 43 Dismissal;
Failure to Prosecute (2003)...................................................................................................................
43 Dismissal; Provisional Dismissal (2003)
................................................................................................................ 43 Double Jeopardy
(2002)......................................................................................................................................... 44 Double
Jeopardy; Upgrading; Original Charges (2005)
.......................................................................................... 44 Extradition (2004)
.................................................................................................................................................. 44 Information
(2001) ................................................................................................................................................. 45
Information; Amendment (2001)
............................................................................................................................ 45 Information;
Amendment; Double Jeopardy; Bail (2002)
........................................................................................ 45 Information; Amendment;
Supervening Events (1997) ........................................................................................... 45
Information; Bail (2003)
......................................................................................................................................... 45 Information;
Motion to Quash (2000)...................................................................................................................... 46
Information; Motion to Quash
(2005)...................................................................................................................... 46 Information;
Motion to Quash; Grounds (1998) ......................................................................................................
46 Judgment; Promulgation of Judgment (1997)
........................................................................................................ 46 Jurisdiction; Complex Crimes
(2003) ..................................................................................................................... 47
Admissibility
(1998)............................................................................................................................................... 50
Admissibility
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 6 of 66 Jurisdiction;
Finality (2002)...............................................................................................................................................
of a Judgment (2005) ............................................................................................................ 50 47
Parties; Admissibility Prosecution of Offenses
(2004)...............................................................................................................................................
(2000)................................................................................................................. 47 Plea of Guilty; to 50 a
Lesser Admissibility;
Offense (2002) Admission of Guilt; Requirements (2006)
.............................................................................................................. 47
........................................................................................ 51 Admissibility; Document; Not
Prejudicial raised
Question
in the Pleading (2004) ...................................................................................
(1999).................................................................................................................................... 5147 Admissibility;
Prejudicial
Question Electronic Evidence (2003) .............................................................................................................. 51
(2000).................................................................................................................................... 47
Admissibility;
Prejudicial Question; Object
Suspension or
of Criminal Real Action Evidence (1999)
(1994)........................................................................................................
.................................................................................. 48 Pre-Trial 51
Agreement Admissibility; (2004)
Objections (1997) ............................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................................... 48 Pre-Trial; Criminal 51
CaseAdmissibility;
vs. Civil Case Offer to Marry; Circumstantial
(1997) ........................................................................................................ Evidence 48
(1998)................................................................................
Provisional Dismissal52 Admissibility; Offer to(2002) Pay
Expenses (1997) ..........................................................................................................
................................................................................................................................. 48 Remedies; Void52
Admissibility; Private Document
Judgment (2004) .......................................................................................................................... 48 Search (2005)
EVIDENCE
Warrant; ................................................................................................................................................................
.................................................................................................................
Motion 52 Admissibility; Proof of
to Quash (2005) ............................................................................................................... 50
49 Trial; Filiation; TrialAction in of Partition
Absentia; (2000).....................................................................................
Automatic Review of Conviction (1998) 52
Admissibility;
............................................................................. Rules 49 of Venue Evidence
(1997)
(1997)................................................................................................................. 53 Best49Evidence Rule
.........................................................................................................................................................
(1997) ..................................................................................................................................... 53 Burden of
Proof vs. Burden of Evidence (2004)
..................................................................................................... 54 Character Evidence
(2002)..................................................................................................................................... 54
Confession; Affidavit of Recantation
(1998)........................................................................................................... 54 Facts; Legislative
Facts vs. Adjudicative Facts (2004) ........................................................................................... 54
Hearsay Evidence (2002)
....................................................................................................................................... 54 Hearsay
Evidence vs. Opinion Evidence (2004)
..................................................................................................... 54 Hearsay; Exception; Dead Man
Statute (2001)........................................................................................................ 54 Hearsay;
Exception; Dying Declaration (1998)
....................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay; Exception; Res
Gestae; Opinion of Ordinary Witness (2005) ................................................................... 55
Hearsay; Exceptions (1999)
................................................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay;
Exceptions; Dying Declaration (1999)
..................................................................................................... 55 Hearsay; Inapplicable
(2003).................................................................................................................................. 55 Judicial
Notice; Evidence (2005)............................................................................................................................
56 Judicial Notice; Evidence; Foreign Law
(1997)....................................................................................................... 56 Memorandum
(1996).............................................................................................................................................. 57 Offer
of Evidence (1997) ........................................................................................................................................
57 Offer of Evidence; res inter alios acta
(2003).......................................................................................................... 57 Offer of Evidence;
Testimonial & Documentary (1994) ........................................................................................... 57
Opinion Rule
(1994)............................................................................................................................................... 57 Parol
Evidence Rule (2001)....................................................................................................................................
58 Preponderance vs. Substantial Evidence (2003)
.................................................................................................... 58 Privilege Communication (1998)
............................................................................................................................ 58 Privilege
Communication; Marital Privilege (1989)
................................................................................................. 58 Privilege Communication; Marital
Privilege (2000) ................................................................................................. 59 Privilege
Communication; Marital Privilege (2004)
................................................................................................. 59 Privilege Communication; Marital
Privilege (2006) ................................................................................................. 59 Remedy; Lost
Documents; Secondary Evidence (1992)
......................................................................................... 60 Testimony; Independent Relevant
Version 1997-2006 Updated by Dondee
Statement (1999) .............................................................................................. 60 Witness;
Competency of the Witness vs. Credibility of the Witness
(2004)............................................................. 60 Witness; Examination of a Child Witness;
via Live-Link TV (2005) ......................................................................... 60 Witness;
Examination of Witnesses (1997)
............................................................................................................ 60
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 7 of 66 Witness;
Examination of Witnesses (2002) ............................................................................................................ 60
Witness; Utilized as State Witness; Procedure (2006)
............................................................................................ 60
SPECIAL PROCEEDINGS .................................................................................................................................. 61
Cancellation or Correction; Entries Civil Registry
(2005)........................................................................................ 61 Escheat Proceedings (2002)
.................................................................................................................................. 61 Extra-judicial
Settlement of Estate (2005) .............................................................................................................. 61
Habeas Corpus (1993)
........................................................................................................................................... 61 Habeas Corpus
(1998) ........................................................................................................................................... 61 Habeas
Corpus (2003) ........................................................................................................................................... 62
Intestate Proceedings (2002)
................................................................................................................................. 62 Intestate
Proceedings; Debts of the Estate
(2002).................................................................................................. 62 Judicial Settlement of
Estate (2005)....................................................................................................................... 62 Probate of
Lost Wills (1999)................................................................................................................................... 62
Probate of Will (2003)
............................................................................................................................................ 63 Probate of Will
(2005) ............................................................................................................................................ 63
Probate of Will (2006)
SUMMARY PROCEDURE...................................................................................................................................
............................................................................................................................................ 63 Probate 65 of
Will;
Prohibited Mandatory Pleadings
Nature
(2002)............................................................................................................... 63 Settlement
(2004)................................................................................................................................... 65 of Estate
MISCELLANEOUS.................................................................................................................................................
(2001).................................................................................................................................... 64 Settlement 65
of Estate;
Administrative Administrator (1998).............................................................................................................
Proceedings (2005)
64 Venue; Special
........................................................................................................................ 65 Congress; Proceedings Law
(1997)........................................................................................................................
Expropriating Property (2006) ....................................................................................................... 64 65
RA 3019; Mandatory Suspension (2001)
................................................................................................................ 66
Remedial Law Bar Examination Q & A (1997-2006) by: sirdondee@gmail.com Page 8 of 66
JURISDICTION
Jurisdiction
(1997)
What courts have jurisdiction over the
following cases filed in Metro Manila? a)
An action for specific performance or, in
the alternative, for damages in the amount of
P180,000.00 b) An action for a writ of
injunction. c) An action for replevin of a
motorcycle valued at
P150,000.00. d) An action for interpleader
to determine who
between the defendants is entitled to receive
amount
the of P190,000.00 from the plaintiff.
e) A petition for the probate of a will
estatean
involving valued at
P200,000.00.
SUGGESTED ANSWER:
(a) An action for specific performance or, in
the alternative, for damages in the amount
of 180,000.00 falls within the jurisdiction of
Metropolitan Trial Courts in Metro Manila.
Although an action for specific performance
is not capable of pecuniary estimation, since
the alternative demand for damages is
capable of pecuniary estimation, it is within
the jurisdiction of the Metropolitan Trial
Courts
Cruz us.inTan,
Metro
87 Manila. (Sec. 33 of BP 129 as
Phil. 627].
amended by RA No. 7691:
(b) An action for injunction is not capable
of pecuniary estimation and hence falls
within the jurisdiction of the RTCs.