Uvod u kirurgiju i ortopediju doma
ć
ih životinja
1
KIRURŠKA PROPEDEUTIKA..........................................................................................................................6
Metode.............................................................................................................................................................6
Anamneza........................................................................................................................................................6
Nacional..........................................................................................................................................................6
Status praesens:..............................................................................................................................................7
Inspekcija........................................................................................................................................................7
Palpacija.........................................................................................................................................................8
Perkusija.........................................................................................................................................................9
Askultacija.......................................................................................................................................................9
Sondiranje.......................................................................................................................................................9
Specijalne metode.........................................................................................................................................10
ASEPSA I ANTISEPSA.....................................................................................................................................11
Antisepsa.......................................................................................................................................................11
Asepsa...........................................................................................................................................................12
Sterilizacija...................................................................................................................................................12
P
RIPREMA RUKU
................................................................................................................................................13
Fibringerova priprema..................................................................................................................................13
Suvremena metoda:.......................................................................................................................................13
Priprema materijala......................................................................................................................................13
Priprema operacionog polja.........................................................................................................................14
ANESTEZIJA.....................................................................................................................................................15
Op
ć
a anestezija.............................................................................................................................................15
Teorije o nastanku anestezije........................................................................................................................15
Stadiji op
ć
e anestezije...................................................................................................................................16
Gubitak refleksa............................................................................................................................................17
Tablica promjena prilikom anestezije...........................................................................................................18
E
KSTRAPULMONALNA ANESTEZIJA
....................................................................................................................19
O
P
Ć
A ANESTEZIJA ŽIVOTINJA
.............................................................................................................................21
I
NHALACIONA
(
INTUBACIONA
)
ANESTEZIJA
.......................................................................................................22
Inhalacioni anestetici....................................................................................................................................23
Aparat za inhalacionu anesteziju..................................................................................................................23
L
OKALNA ANESTEZIJA
.......................................................................................................................................26
V
ODILJNA ANESTEZIJA NA GLAVI KONJA
...........................................................................................................29
Infiltracija n. infraorbitale u canalis infraorbitale-u....................................................................................29
Infiltracija n. infraorbitale na foramen infraorbitale....................................................................................29
Infiltracija n. alveolaris inferior...................................................................................................................29
Anestezija n. frontalis (anestezija gornjeg o
č
nog kapka i kože na
č
elu po Bolz-u).......................................30
V
ODILJNA ANESTEZIJA NA GLAVI GOVEDA
........................................................................................................31
Infiltracija n. infraorbitalis...........................................................................................................................31
Infiltracija n. cornualis.................................................................................................................................31
V
ODILJNA ANESTEZIJA NA EKSTREMITETIMA
.....................................................................................................32
Infiltracija nn. volares i plantares kod konja................................................................................................32
VODA I ELEKTROLITI...................................................................................................................................36
Uzroci šoka...................................................................................................................................................38
Patogeneza šoka............................................................................................................................................39
Patoanatomski nalaz šoka.............................................................................................................................39
Klini
č
ka slika šoka........................................................................................................................................39
Infuzione teku
ć
ine.........................................................................................................................................39
Korekcija metaboli
č
ke acidoze......................................................................................................................41
K
RVARENJA
.......................................................................................................................................................42
OZLJEDA ILI LESIO........................................................................................................................................44
O
TVORENE OZLJEDE
..........................................................................................................................................45
Ubodna rana.................................................................................................................................................45
L
IJE
Č
ENJE RANA
................................................................................................................................................47
Tehnika primarne kirurške obrade rane.......................................................................................................48
Uvod u kirurgiju i ortopediju doma
ć
ih životinja
2Z
ARASTANJE RANE
............................................................................................................................................49
Bitni procesi zarastanje rane su:..................................................................................................................49
Zarastanje rane per primam.........................................................................................................................50
Zarastanje rane per secundam......................................................................................................................50
Zarastanje pod krastom.................................................................................................................................50
Smetnje u zarastanju per primam..................................................................................................................50
Smetnje u zarastanju per secundam..............................................................................................................50
Patologija ožiljka:.........................................................................................................................................51
Č
IR
(
LAT
.
ULCUS
,
ENG
.
ULCER
)..........................................................................................................................52
I
NFEKCIJA RANE
.................................................................................................................................................53
Gnojna rana..................................................................................................................................................53
F
LEGMONA
........................................................................................................................................................54
A
PSCES
..............................................................................................................................................................56
E
DEM
.................................................................................................................................................................57
Oblici edema.................................................................................................................................................57
E
MPIJEM
............................................................................................................................................................58
F
ISTULA
.............................................................................................................................................................58
O
P
Ć
A PIOGENA INFEKCIJA
..................................................................................................................................58
O
PEKLINE
..........................................................................................................................................................59
Lokalni klini
č
ki simptomi opeklina...............................................................................................................59
Op
ć
i simptomi opeklina.................................................................................................................................60
Lije
č
enje opeklina.........................................................................................................................................60
S
MRZAVANJE
.....................................................................................................................................................61
L
YMPHANGITIS
..................................................................................................................................................61
F
LEBITIS
............................................................................................................................................................62
Tromboza arterije axillaris i arterije brachialis...........................................................................................63
C
ISTE
.................................................................................................................................................................64
T
UMORI
.............................................................................................................................................................65
Papillomatosis...............................................................................................................................................67
Prenosivi veneri
č
ni tumor pasa.....................................................................................................................69
BOLESTI ROGOVA..........................................................................................................................................70
P
UKOTINE
..........................................................................................................................................................70
O
TPADANJE ROŽNE
Č
AHURE
(
EXCORNUATIO
)....................................................................................................70
P
RIJELOM ROŽNOG NASTAVKA
...........................................................................................................................70
O
DROŽNJAVANJE
(D
ECORNUATIO
)....................................................................................................................71
BOLESTI UŠKE.................................................................................................................................................72
Hematom.......................................................................................................................................................72
Hematom uške...............................................................................................................................................72
Nekroza.........................................................................................................................................................74
Otitis externa.................................................................................................................................................74
Fistula uha....................................................................................................................................................74
B
OLESTI NOSA
...................................................................................................................................................76
Kroni
č
ni nosni katar.....................................................................................................................................76
Epistaxis (rhinorrhagia)................................................................................................................................76
Empijem sinusa.............................................................................................................................................77
Bolesti zra
č
nog mjehura...............................................................................................................................77
Z
VIŽDA
(
HEMIPLEGIA LARYNGIS
)......................................................................................................................78
Uzroci zvižde.................................................................................................................................................78
K
UPIRANJE UŠKI
................................................................................................................................................79
Kupiranje repa..............................................................................................................................................79
KASTRACIJA.....................................................................................................................................................80
K
ASTRACIJA PASTUHA
.......................................................................................................................................81
Kastracija magaraca.....................................................................................................................................82
K
ASTRACIJA BIKOVA
,
OVNOVA I JAR
Č
EVA
.........................................................................................................83
Kastracija nerasta.........................................................................................................................................83
Kastracija pasa.............................................................................................................................................84
Kastracija ma
č
aka........................................................................................................................................84
Uvod u kirurgiju i ortopediju doma
ć
ih životinja
3
Kastracija pjetli
ć
a (kopunizacija).................................................................................................................85
P
OSKASTRACIJSKE KOMPLIKACIJE
.....................................................................................................................86
Fistula funiculus-a spermaticus....................................................................................................................87
B
OLESTI TESTISA
...............................................................................................................................................88
Upala testisa (orchitis)..................................................................................................................................89
Varicocele.....................................................................................................................................................91
Cista tunica-e vaginalis.................................................................................................................................91
BOLESTI UROGENITALNOG SUSTAVA....................................................................................................92
P
ROLAPSUS
*
I PARALIZA
**
PENISA KOD KONJA
.................................................................................................92
V
ENERI
Č
NI TUMOR PASA
(
SARCOMA
*
VENERICUM
)...........................................................................................93
F
RAKTURA OS PENIS
..........................................................................................................................................93
B
OLESTI PROSTATE
............................................................................................................................................93
B
OLESTI MOKRA
Ć
NOG MJEHURA
.......................................................................................................................94
Mokra
ć
ni kamenci - Urolithiasis...................................................................................................................94
Cystotomy......................................................................................................................................................95
Paraliza mokra
ć
nog mjehura........................................................................................................................96
Ruptura mokra
ć
nog mjehura........................................................................................................................96
KIRURGIJA ABDOMENA – ODABRANA POGLAVLJA...........................................................................98
O
ZLJEDE TRBUŠNA STJENKE
..............................................................................................................................98
Mogu
ć
e komplikacije perforativnih/operacijskih rana trbuha......................................................................99
L
APAROTOMIJA
–
LAPAROTOMY
......................................................................................................................100
Postrana laparotomija goveda....................................................................................................................101
E
NTEROTOMIJA
................................................................................................................................................104
Š
IVANJE ŠUPLJIH ORGANA
................................................................................................................................105
A
NASTOMOZE
..................................................................................................................................................108
HERNIJE...........................................................................................................................................................112
Prava kila – Hernia vera.............................................................................................................................112
Umbilikalna hernija....................................................................................................................................115
Lije
č
enje umbilikalne hernije – operativni zahvat......................................................................................115
Skrotalna hernija.........................................................................................................................................118
Intersticijalna hernija..................................................................................................................................119
Perinealna hernija......................................................................................................................................123
Ventralne ili trbušne hernije.......................................................................................................................128
L
APARORUMENOTOMIJA
..................................................................................................................................129
Traumatska indigestija................................................................................................................................132
D
ILATACIJA SIRIŠTA I DISLOKACIJA SIRIŠTA
–
D
ILATATIO ABOMASI CUM DISLOCATIONEM
.............................134
Dislokacija i dilatacija sirišta u lijevo........................................................................................................136
Dislokacija i dilatacija sirišta u desno........................................................................................................139
Dilatacija i dislokacija slijepog crijeva i kolona........................................................................................142
P
RETRAGA TRBUŠNE ŠUPLJINE S DESNE STRANE U GOVEDA
.............................................................................144
Invaginacija crijeva....................................................................................................................................145
Ileus druge etiologije...................................................................................................................................149
V
OLVULUS
.......................................................................................................................................................149
K
IRURŠKO LIJE
Č
ENJE KOLIKA U KONJA
............................................................................................................151
KIRURGIJA ABDOMENA PSA.....................................................................................................................153
Strano tijelo u želudcu.................................................................................................................................153
Strano tijelo u jednjaku...............................................................................................................................157
Strano tijelo u crijevu..................................................................................................................................157
ORTOPEDIJA..................................................................................................................................................159
H
ROMOST
........................................................................................................................................................159
Znakovi........................................................................................................................................................159
O
BLICI HROMOSTI
............................................................................................................................................160
P
RETRAGA PRI DIJAGNOSTICI HROMOSTI
..........................................................................................................161
Odre
đ
ivanje bolesnog uda..........................................................................................................................161
Utvr
đ
ivanje sijela bolesti............................................................................................................................162
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