Benzocaine (total) synthesisAimThis brief write up attempts to illustrate the facile and relatively quick synthesis ofa known local anesthetic, Benzocaine. The target compound will be synthesisusing commonly available materials or which can be acquired with ease.General infoPABA or para-aminobenzoic acid is a very commoncompound which is used in health and fitness food sortof things. It can be easily found online or bought fromshops, it is not watched and is not suspicious. As we cansee it is basically a benzene ring with an amino groupand a carboxylic acid. Instead Benzocaine, ethyl 4-aminobenzoate is the ester version we could say:As you can see to get from PABA to Benzocaine is nothard, we are going to use what is industrially used, the
Fischer esterification. What it is is forming an ester by refluxing acarboxylic acid and an alcohol in the presence of an acidcatalyst.The reactionWhat your going to need:-Sulphuric acid 90% or more (concentration wise)-PABA (pure or from gel capsules which can be purified)-Ethanol, 90% or more (concentration wise)-DCM (optional)-Sodium bicarbonate/ Sodium carbonate (Sodium carbonate is preferred)
From left to right: Sodium bicarbonate, Sulphuric acid, Ethanol and PABA (DCM ismissing)
CleaningThe pills I bought where 500 mg gel caps one, but contained some crap :(The ingredients where: PABA, Magnesium stearate and rice flour. After a littlereading and thinking I attempted different things in order to get the job done. Idissolve approx 2g of PABA (and crap) in 90% IPA, shook around, filtered anysolids and left to crystallize. Needless to say I was not impressed, I got some brightyellow crystals which smelled like perfume, my IPA was full of shit. As I couldn’tget my hands on some clean one at the moment I read some more and did thefollowing, which in my opinion is the best I have got so far:1)Get 2 g of PABA(with the crap) and place it in a beaker with 250 ml ofwater2)Shake the shit out of it and make sure the you dissolve all you can3)Filter of all the white paste (rice flour and magnesium stearate4)Take your filtered water and boil it down to around 50 ml5)Pour half of the boiled down extract out and place it on the side6)Boil down 25 ml of the 50 ml, crystals will start to appear as white/slightyellow7)Dissolve the obtained crystals in the previously set aside extract
8)Boil all down, crystals will start to precipitate out of the solution9)Stop heating, place on the side to cool down10)Recover your crystals11)85% yields if done correctly
IPA+PABA, noticed theyellow color:(Scraped up and put aside,Boiling down the extract,All boiled down placed aside to
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