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What is Computer?
Computer is Electronic Machine that is used to:
- Execute Processing = Rbtibtþkar Processing
- Store Data = rkSaTuk Data
- Organize Data =RKb;RKg Data
- Find Information = EsVgrk Bt’man
- Do Calculations = eFVIkarKNna
- Translate the Processing = bkERb dMenIrkar
- Control other machines = RtYtBinitüeTAelIma:sIunepSg
- And more usages = nig rebobeRbIR)as;epSg²eTot

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Computer’s Environment

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 Computer’s Family
1- Micro-Computer is a small computer that contains the Microprocessor Chip
CaRbePTkMuBüÚT½rEdlpÞúk Microprocessor chip
- Desktop Computer \ Personal Computer
- Laptop Computer \ Notebook Computer
- Pocket PC \ Hand-Held PC \ PDA (Personal Digital Assistant)
2- Mini-Computer is a computer that is smaller and slower than a Mainframe
but larger and faster than a Micro-Computer= CaRbePTkMuBüÚT½rEdltUcehIyyWtCag
Mainframe b: uEnþelOnCag Micro-Computer
3- Mainframe Computer is a large powerful computer, usually the center of
network and shared by many users around the world
CakMuBüUT½rEdlelOnCag CaFmµtavaCamCÄmNÐl network
eRbIsMrab;EckcayeTAeGayGñkeRbIR)as;TUTaMgBiPBelak
4- Super Computer is a powerful computer with a large amount of memory and
a very fast CPU CakMuBüUT½rEdlelOnCagbMputCamYykarcgcaMnigelOnya:gelOnbMput

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 Micro and Mini Computer
Desktop Computer / PC Laptop Computer / NC

-Pocket PC
-Hand-Held PC
Mini-Computer
-PDA

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 Mainframe and Super
Computer

Mainframe Computer Super Computer

eKeRbIvaenAkñúgbnÞb;FMehIymanma:sIunRtCak; eRbIsMrab;RKb;RKgsBavuF
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 Computer Software
Software is the set of Instructions that directs the hardware
to accomplish a task, it can be called Program. Ca set of
Instructions EdlbBa¢aeTAdMenIrkarmYyeGayeCaKC½y CamYy hardware
1- Operating System Software
Microsoft (MS-DOS, Wins 9X, Wins NT, Wins ME, Wins
2K, Windows XP, Windows Vista, Windows 7)
Linux (Red Hat, Fedora Core 10-11-12)
Apple (Mac OS, Mac OS X)
2- Application Software
Microsoft Office 2007 Enterprise
TuneUp Utilities 2009 …etc
3- Firmware
Student Registration
Market Management …etc.

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 Computer Hardware
Hardware is the physical components of computer which we can touch
and hold it CasmasPaKrUbragrbs;kMuBüÚT½rEdleyIgGaccucnigkan;)an
• Mainboard \ Motherboard (Built-In, Built-Out)
• Monitor (CRT, LCD)
• Keyboard
- Escape Keypad - Function Keypad
- Numeric Keypad - Cursor Movement Keypad
- Main Keypad
• Memory Chips (RAM: SDRAM - DDRRAM)
• Hard Drive (HDD, FDD, Zip, Memory Card , USB Flash…etc)
• Mouse (Rolling-Ball, Optical, Wireless)
• Expansion Cards (Sound Card, VGA Card…etc)

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Hardware _ Input Devices
Input Devices include
- Keyboard
- Mouse
- Joy Stick
- Scanner
- Touch Screen
- Light Pen
- Bar Code Reader
- Microphone System …etc
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 Hardware _ Input Devices
Keyboard Device Touch Screen

Scanner Device

Mouse Device

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 Hardware _ Input Devices

Light Pen

Bar Code Reader Microphone

Joy Stick

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 Hardware _ Output
Devices
Output Devices include :
- Monitor

- Speaker

- Printer

- Plotter

- LCD Projector

- COM (Computer Output Microfilm) …etc

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 Hardware _ Output
Plotter
Devices Printer

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 Hardware _Output
Devices
LCD Projector Widescreen LCD

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Computer Processing

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 Hardware Inside System Unit
 System board / Circuit board:
- CMOS (Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor)
- BIOS (Basic Input / Output System)
 Temporary Memory: RAM (Random Access Memory)
 Permanent Storage:
- Floppy Disk - USB Flash Memory
- Hard Disk - Zip Disk
- CD-ROM - Mobile Phone …etc.
 Data Cable:
- FDD (Floppy Disk Drive)
- IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics)
- SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment)
- SCSI (Small Computer System Interface)
 Power Supply: AT and ATX
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Hardware Inside System Unit
Power Supply

CD_ROM drive

Floppy Disk Drive

CPU Fan

Hard Disk Drive

Data Cables

Expansion Cards

Circuit Board

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 Computer’s Ports
Ports is the physical connectors that allow a cable from a peripheral device
to be attached Ca physical EdlGnuBaØateGaybrikçarbs;kMuBüÚT½rEdlGac attach CamYy
device epSg²
• Parallel Port / Printer Port = 25 pins
• PS/2 Port = 6 pins
• Serial Port = 9 pins
• Game Port / Midi Port = 15 pins
• USB Port v.2.0 (Universal Serial Bus)
• Network Port / LAN Port = 8 pins (RJ45)
• Modem Port = 4 pins (RJ48)
• Sound Port / Audio Port (Input-Output-Microphone)
• VGA Port (Video Graphic Adapter) = 15 pins
• IDE Port (Integrated Drive Electronics) = 39 pins
• FDD Port (Floppy Disk Drive) = 34 pins
• ATX Port = 20 pins or 24 pins
• CPU Sockets (Central Processing Unit)

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Computer’s Ports

Power In / Plug In
PS/2 Keyboard
Power Supply Fan
PS/2 Mouse
USB Ports
Serial Port
Parallel Port
LAN Port / Network Port
Game Port / MIDI Port
VGA Port
Audio Port / Sound Port

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 Computer’s Ports

Power in

PS/2 Port Power Supply Fan

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 Computer’s Ports
USB Ports Case Fan
Serial Ports

Parallel Ports

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 Computer’s Ports
LAN Port Game Port

Audio Ports

VGA Port

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 Computer’s Ports
USB Ports Parallel Port

PS/2 Ports Serial Port

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 Computer’s Slots
Slot is the long, thin, narrow(ceg¥ót) opening hole which stands on the
system board
1- RAM Slot (Random Access Memory)
2- Expansion Slot is the connector inside a computer which an
expansion card can be plugged(dMenIrkarqab;rh½s)
- PCI Slot (Peripheral Component Interconnect) uses to install
expansion cards as:
- Network Card - TV Card - USB Card …etc
- Modem Card - PCI Card
- Sound Card - VGA Card
- AGP Slot (Accelerated Graphics Port) uses with VGA Card only
- ISA Slot (Industry Standard Architecture) uses to install the
oldest version of expansion cards

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Expansion’s Slots

ISA Slot

PCI Slot

AGP Slot

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Modem Card

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Network Interface Card

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VGA Card / Graphic Card

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Sound Card / Audio Card

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Internal TV Card

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TV-BOX Device

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Thank You !

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