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않습니다. 에듀인은 전화와 화상 솔루션을 통하여 한국에서 영어를 듣고 말할 수 있도록 해 드리고
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발전해 나가겠습니다.
 Contents
5번 통로를 보여 드리겠습니
Lesson 1 I‘ll show you aisle #5
다
․․․․․․․․․․ 3

Lesson 2 This is the Easter egg 이것은 부활절 달걀입니다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 8

당신은 내 성년파티에 초대
Lesson 3 You're invited to my bar mitzvah
되었습니다
․․․․․․․․․․ 14
Different food within different
Lesson 4
culture
다른 문화속의 다른 음식 ․․․․․․․․․․ 20
나는 너의 자연 적갈색 빛의
Lesson 5 I like your natural auburn hair
머리를 좋아한다
․․․․․․․․․․ 27
Lesson 6 They finally won the game! 그들은 마침내 경기를 이겼다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 32
Lesson 7 Who do you think you are? 당신이 누구라 생각하십니까? ․․․․․․․․․․ 41
Lesson 8 I'll be back 다시 돌아 오겠습니다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 47
It's been a long time since 서로 만나고 나서 오랜 시간
Lesson 9
we've seen each other 이 지났 네요
․․․․․․․․․․ 53
Kathy did fairly well on her
Lesson 10
test
Kathy는 시험을 꽤 잘 봤다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 59
Lesson 11 This is extremely dangerous 이것은 대단히 위험하다 ․․․․․․․․․․ 65
I wasn't feeling well so I went 나는 몸이 별로 좋지 않아서
Lesson 12
home early 집에 일찍 갔다
․․․․․․․․․․ 70
He is either sleeping or taking a 그는 자고 있거나 샤워를
Lesson 13
shower 하고 있다
․․․․․․․․․․ 74
I haven't eaten anything since 나는 어제부터 아무것도 먹지
Lesson 14
yesterday 않았다
․․․․․․․․․․ 78
Lesson 15 Review 복습 ․․․․․․․․․․ 82

- 2 -
 Lesson 1
(제가 5번 통로를 보여드리겠습니다)

homonyms (동음 이의어)

One of two or more words that have the same sound and often
the same spelling but differ in meaning.
서로 같은 소리의 언어나 종종 같은 철자법을 쓰지만, 다른
뜻을 가진 단어들을 말한다.

Examples

1) aero - of aircraft
arrow - slender, pointed shaft
We went to the aero show yesterday.
I found a bow and arrow in the garage.

2) aisle - walkway
I 'll - conjunction of "I will"
isle - island
Her father walked her down the aisle on her wedding day.
I’ll bake a cake for your birthday.
I went to Fair Isle for my vacation last year.

3) bald - hairless
bawled - cried aloud
I saw a bald man crossing the street.
She bawled on the floor when she heard the news.

- 3 -
4) born - brought into life
borne - past participle of bear
bourn - a small stream or boundary
st
I was born on the 21 of October.
William was borne to her out of wedlock.
She was standing at the edge of the bourn.

5) knot – fastening in cord

naught – nothing
not – negation
Don’t tie my shoe laces into a knot.
His hardship was all for naught.
Of course not! I will not allow it!

6) palate – taste
pallet - platform for transporting
palate - selection of paint
The dish was quite enticing to the palate.
The man loaded the boxes onto the pallet.
I was looking at the painter’s palate in his studio.

7) ewe – female sheep

yew – type of tree
you – the 2nd person

That ewe seems to be pregnant.

He rested under the Yew tree.
The teacher was looking for you.

- 4 -
8) frees - releasing
freeze – to become hardened into ice or into a solid body
frieze – a wall decoration
Let’s watch Charlie as he frees the small fish he caught.
Did the lake freeze last night?
He had a frieze on his wall.

9) gild – to coat with gold

gilled – having gills
guild – a craft society
Being royalty is like living in a gilded cage.
Fish are gilled animals.
Would you like to join the actor’s guild?

10) holey - perforated

holy – with religious significance
wholly – completely
He found a holey piece of cardboard in the shed.
Pope John Paul II was a holy man.
I would like to view the painting wholly.

11) vain – worthless

vane – flat piece moving with the air
vein - blood vessel
His efforts were in vain.
The wind vane was spinning fast as the storm approached.
Cholesterol can block your veins and arteries.

- 5 -
 Vocabulary

boundary : 경계선 fastening : 잠금, 죔, 조임, 닫음

transporting : 수송, 운반 selection : 선택, 선발
decoration : 장식, 장식물 perforated : 구멍을 내다, 뚫다
significance : 중요성, 의미, 의의 cholesterol : 콜레스테롤

Exercise

Choose the best word to complete the sentence.

1) She dreamed that someday, her father would walk her down the
_______.
a) Isle
b) Aisle

2) I didn’t like the colors on the painter’s _______.

a) palate
b) palette

3) My doctor told me to watch my _______.

a) wait
b) weight

4) Can you fetch me a _______ of water?

a) pail
b) pale

5) Don’t let him out of your _______.

a) sight
b) cite

- 6 -
6) When will your wounds _______?
a) heel
b) heal

7) Don’t _______ your eyes out over such a small matter.

a) bawl
b) ball

8) I’m not worried. It’s just a _______ of cake.

a) piece
b) peace

9) They say that egg _______ are high in cholesterol.

a) yokes
b) yolks

10) To stop the car, you have to step on the _______.

a) breaks
b) brakes

- 7 -
 Lesson 2 (이것은 부활절 달걀입니다)

Robin is an exchange student from Korea. He stayed with several

different families during his stay abroad. Here are some traditions he learned…

"Easter"

Mrs. Stevenson: Good morning Robin! Would you care for some chocolate
bunnies?
Robin: Good morning. Chocolate bunnies? What is the occasion?
Mrs. Stevenson: It will be Easter Sunday tomorrow. I am preparing Chocolate
bunnies for the children.
Robin: What are all the eggs for then?
Mrs. Stevenson: Those are for the Easter Egg Hunt tomorrow after brunch. I
will be decorating them after I boil them.
Robin: Chocolate bunnies? Easter Egg Hunting? What is Easter all about?
Mrs. Stevenson: Actually, all that is the commercial aspect of Easter, to attract
the children. But Easter is really a celebration to commemorate
the resurrection of Jesus Christ.
Robin: So it must be the most important Christian festival then!
Mrs. Stevenson: That’s true. The date of Easter actually changes every year.
Churches are filled with flowers, and we sing special hymns.
Robin: But what does a rabbit have to do with Easter?
Mrs. Stevenson: Actually in the past, there was a pagan festival called Eastre.
The goddess Eastre was in the earthly symbol of the rabbit.
Everything evolved from there.
Robin: Oh, I think I see. So it became what it is today.
Mrs. Stevenson: Not in so many words, but yes, that is how it happened.
Would you like to help me paint some of the Easter eggs?

- 8 -
Robin: Sure! I think I’ll even join the Egg Hunt. And I’d like to join you for
mass as well.
Mrs. Stevenson: Charming! Okay let me show you how to do this…

Vocabulary
occasion : 경우, 때, 순간 decorating : 꾸미다, 장식하다
commercial : 상업의, 무역의 commemorate : 기념하다, 축하하다
resurrection : 재기, 부활 hymns : 찬송가, 성가

Exercise

A: What is Mrs. Stevenson preparing?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Where does the Easter bunny come from?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What special celebrations will they have for Easter Sunday?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Do you celebrate Easter?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever joined an Easter Egg Hunt before?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Which religious tradition or festival do you enjoy the most?

B: _________________________________________.

- 9 -
“April Fool's Day"

Robin: Hey, what are you doing with Tabitha’s alarm clock?
Mitch: Sssssh! I am setting back her alarm for one hour.
Robin: Why would you want to do that?
Mitch: It’s April 1 today, don’t you know about April Fools Day?
Robin: No, what is that?
Mitch: Hold on a second, let me put this whoopee cushion under her blanket
and let’s get out of here before she sees us.
Robin: Okay, but you have to explain all this to me. You are acting very
strange.
Mitch: All set, let’s go. You can trace April Fools Day to 1582 in France. New
Year used to be celebrated for eight days and ended on April 1.
However, Charles IX reformed the calendar and moved New Year to
January 1.
Robin: The people must have been very confused.
Mitch: They really were. And for several years, some people did not hear of
this news, so they still went on celebrating New Year on April 1. The
other people who knew of the changes made fun of them, and called
them fools.
Robin: Oh so that’s why it is called April Fools Day.
Mitch: The practice was later on introduced to America. Since then, we have
been pulling harmless pranks on friends and family.
Robin: So I actually caught you pulling a practical joke on Tabitha!
Mitch: Yes, and you must pinky swear that you will not tell her or you will spoil
all the fun!
Robin: Okay, I promise.

- 10 -
 Vocabulary
cushion : 방석, 베개 explain : 설명하다, 해석하다
trace : ~의 자국을 밟다 reformed : 개혁된, 개선된
confused : 당황한, 혼란한 introduced : 소개된, 받아들여진
pranks : 농담, 못된 장난

Exercise

A: What was Mitch doing with Tabitha’s alarm clock?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What was Mitch putting under Tabitha’s blanket?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the origin of April Fools Day?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What do you think of Mitch’s pranks?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever made a practical joke before?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you think is the ultimate practical joke?

B: _________________________________________.

- 11 -
"Thanksgiving"

Mrs. Doubtfire: Robin, I would like you to help me with my preparations for
Thanksgiving Dinner.
Robin: When is Thanksgiving anyhow nana?
Mrs. Doubtfire: Actually dear, in Canada they celebrate it on October 9, or the
second Monday of October. Here in America we celebrate it on
November 23. That’s usually the fourth Thursday of November.
Robin: In Korea, we have what we call Chuseok. It is like a thanksgiving
festival. What is Thanksgiving like here?
Mrs. Doubtfire: Thanksgiving is a celebration of being thankful for what we
have. It is related to the Harvest Festivals that are a traditional
holiday in most of Europe.
Robin: When was the very first American Thanksgiving?
Mrs. Doubtfire: It took place in Virginia, on December 4, 1619. Captain John
Woodlief led the colonists on Berkely Plantation in a brief prayer
of thanks.
Robin: How interesting. It is such an old practice! So what shall we be
preparing for this feast nana?
Mrs. Doubtfire: Traditionally, we prepare a Thanksgiving Turkey. You will help
me make stuffing for it okay?
Robin: Sounds good. What else will we have?
Mrs. Doubtfire: I will also teach you how to make cranberry sauce. I will bake
some fresh dinner rolls as well.
Robin: What about dessert nana?
Mrs. Doubtfire: Oh we will make my grandma’s special pumpkin pie with
cinnamon and nutmeg. You will love it!
Robin: I can’t wait!

- 12 -
 Vocabulary
celebrate : 경축하다, 축하하다 plantation : 지배지, 농원
stuffing : (칠면조안에)채워 넣기 cranberry : (열매)크랜 베리
cinnamon : 계피 nutmeg : 육두구 열매

Tips
* Thanksgiving meal
Turkey dinner - 추수감사절에는 보통 칠면조 요리를 먹는 것이 일반이고,
한국의 삼계탕에 들어간 여러 가지 재료들처럼, 칠면조 안에 들어간
여러 가지 재료를 “stuffing" 이라 한다.

Exercise

A: When and where was the first Thanksgiving Dinner held in America?
B: _________________________________________.

A: When does Canada and America celebrate Thanksgiving?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the traditional Thanksgiving meal in America?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever had a turkey dinner before?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the traditional Thanksgiving meal for Chu-seok in Korea?

B: _________________________________________.

A: If you were to celebrate Thanksgiving, what would you give thanks for?
B: _________________________________________.

- 13 -
 Lesson 3

(당신은 내 성년파티에 초대되었습니다)

"Bar Mitzvah"

Tony: Robin, I would like to invite you to my bar mitzvah on Saturday.

Robin: Bar mitzvah? What is that?
Tony: According to Jewish law, when boys reach the age of 13, we become
responsible for our actions. Bar Mitzvah is Hebrew for ‘one to whom the
commandments apply’.
Robin: Oh, so it is like a coming of age celebration. Tell me more.
Tony: On a Shabbat shortly after my 13th birthday, I will recite the blessings in
the Torah and the Haftara. The Torah is the five books of Moses.
The Haftara is the selection from the books of the Prophets. I must also
give a d’var Torah, or a discussion of that week’s Torah portion.
Robin: So it’s like you are reciting parts of your Bible, and saying part of the
mass.
Tony: That’s right. I may also be called on to say the Aliyah, or Torah
Blessing.
Robin: You must be very excited.
Tony: I’m more nervous than excited. I have a lot of memorization to do. I
must perfect my part.
Robin: Will there be a party afterwards?
Tony: Yes there will. We will all proceed to the Dance Hall to have a feast! I
hope you will be part of my family’s celebration.

- 14 -
 Vocabulary

bar mitzvah : (유대교의)성년축하 commandments : 율법, 명령

celebration : 축하, 축전, 의식 recite : 암송하다, 낭송하다
selection : 선발, 선택 nervous : 신경성의, 예민한
memorization : 기억, 암기 proceed : 나아가다, 진행하다

Exercise

A: What is the Torah?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the Haftara?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the Aliyah?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What is considered the coming of age birthday in Korea?

B: _________________________________________.

A: How do you celebrate your special birthday?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What would be a perfect birthday gift for you?

B: _________________________________________.

- 15 -
"Philippine Christmas"

Mrs. Reyes: Robin, would you like to hear mass with us tomorrow morning? It
is the start of our Simbang Gabi.
Robin: What is that inay?
Mrs. Reyes: It is a special mass we have before Christmas. We say a special
Novena. We go to Church everyday for nine days before December
25. It starts at four o’clock in the morning though.
Robin: So early! My goodness…
Mrs. Reyes: Yes it is rather early. But after the mass, you may warm yourself
with our specialties of Puto Bumbong, Dinuguan and special puto.
Robin: Sounds very exotic. Is this what you will feast on until Christmas?
Mrs. Reyes: Of course not! On Christmas Eve, we prepare Noche Buena. It is a
special dinner in celebration for the coming of the baby Jesus and
the coming together of our family.
Robin: How nice. And I have also noticed the children who come by at night
and sing to us.
Mrs. Reyes: Those are Christmas carolers. We give them some money or food
after they serenade us with songs. We have also put up a lot of
Christmas décor.
Robin: I especially like your Christmas tree in front, with all the lights and tinsel.
But I think the most beautiful of all is the nativity scene in front of
the Church.
Mrs. Reyes: Yes. You can even see the big lantern from afar. It is supposed
to be the North Star.
Robin: Okay inay, I will join you for mass tomorrow.

- 16 -
 Vocabulary

specialties : 전문, 전공 exotic : 이국적인, 외래의

feast : 축제, 대접. 축하 식사 noticed : 눈치 챈, 알고 있던
serenade : 세레나데, 노래 decor : 장식, 실내장식
nativity : 출생, 탄생 scene : 무대 장면, 광경

Exercise

A: What is Simbang Gabi?

B: _________________________________________.

A: How do you warm yourself after early morning mass?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is Noche Buena?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: How do you celebrate Christmas?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you have carolers in your city or town?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What was the best Christmas gift you have ever received?
B: _________________________________________.

- 17 -
“Chinese New Year"

Mr. Sy: Robin, you are in luck! You will be here long enough to enjoy the
Chinese New Year!
Robin: How do the Chinese celebrate New Year papa?
Mr. Sy: The Chinese New Year starts with the New Moon on the first day of the
New Year. It ends on the full moon 15 days later. The 15th day is
called the Lantern Festival.
Robin: Oh, Lee Roy told me about that one. You celebrate it at night. The
children carry beautiful lanterns in a parade.
Mr. Sy: That’s right. In fact, I bought a variety of colored paper and some
bamboo sticks. You can have some if you’d like. Lee Roy will make
his own lantern for the parade.
Robin: That would be fun. But you would have to teach me how to make a
lantern. I have never made one before.
Mr. Sy: That’s easy, even Lee Roy could teach you how. Just be creative and
use different colors and cut out unique shapes.
Robin: What else do you do for New Year papa?
Mr. Sy: We also celebrate New Year’s Eve and New Year’s Day as a family. It
is a time of reunion and thanksgiving.
Robin: So I will finally meet the whole clan, how exciting!
Mr. Sy: You will indeed. We shall give honor to Heaven and Earth, the gods of
the household and our family’s ancestors. On New Year’s Eve, we shall
prepare a special dinner at the family banquet table.
Robin: What an impressive feast that must be! What do you call this kind of
dinner?
Mr. Sy: The communal feast is called weilu or ‘surrounding the stove’. It
symbolizes the unity of our family in honoring the past and present
generations.

- 18 -
 Vocabulary

lantern : 랜턴, 호롱등 festival : 잔치의, 축제의

parade : 행렬, 행진 reunion : 재결합, 재합동
household : 가족, 세대 banquet : 연회, 축연
communal : 공공의, 자치단체의 unity : 통일, 조화

Exercise

A: How long do the Chinese celebrate New Year?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What kind of parade do they have at night?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is weilu?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: How do you celebrate your New Year?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Are you for or against firecrackers and fireworks?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever handled firecrackers or fireworks before?

B: _________________________________________.

- 19 -
 Lesson 4

(다른 문화속의 다른 음식)

World-renowned food critic Ileanna Dupree has visited famous restaurants around
the globe. Here are some of her conversations with Head Chefs and
Maitre-des.

"Korean"

Chef Kim: Allow me to start you of with some Chap Chae. These are noodles
with beef and vegetables.
Ileanna: This is very tasty! The beef renders the soup salty, but the vegetables
give it a hint of sweetness.
Chef Kim: For our main course, we have Bulgogi. This is stir-fried beef in
special Korean sauce. We shall pair this off with Bokkeumbap rice.
Ileanna: The Bulgogi has an interesting taste. It is sweet and salty at the same
time. The rice is a dish in itself. It is so rich!
Chef Kim: I would like to present you with Twoenjang jjigae. It is a stew that
contains tofu, vegetables, meat and shellfish in a miso style sauce.
Ileanna: This is sumptuous! Simply wonderful!
Chef Kim: Last but not least, we have some Ddeok and shikae for you.
Ileanna: These rice cakes are very good. And your drink has just the right
amount of sweetness. I will rate your food a 4!

Vocabulary

vegetables : 야채, 채소 renders : ~로 만들다

tasty : 맛이 좋은, 풍미 있는 stew : 뭉근한 불로 끓인 요리
shellfish : 조개, 갑각류 sumptuous : 사치스러운, 호화로운

- 20 -
Exercise

A: How did Ileanna describe the Bulgogi?

B: _________________________________________.

A: How did Ileanna describe the Twoenjang Jjigae?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Of all the foods mentioned in the conversation, which do you like the best?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What is your favorite Korean main dish?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What is your favorite Korean dessert?

B: _________________________________________.

"Philippines"

Ms. Roxas: Good evening! We’d like to start you off with Crispy Kangkong.
These are lightly battered leafy vegetables that are local to our
country.
Ileanna: Surprisingly, it is not greasy. And your garlic mayo dip is delicious
and not runny at all.
Ms. Roxas: For our main dish, we have Kare-kare. This is ox-tripe and ox-tail
braised in a thick peanut sauce. You accompany it with bagoong.
Ileanna: Oh this is a treat. Simply amazing! The bagoong smells pungent, but
actually compliments the food perfectly.

- 21 -
Ms. Roxas: We also have for you today our Inihaw na Pusit. This is
char-grilled squid, and we have some vinegar and soy sauce for
this on the side, with some atsara.
Ileanna: The squid was a bit overcooked. The meat is a little tough. However
the atsara is very flavorful! What is this made of?
Ms. Roxas: The main ingredient is green papaya. It’s a blend of the sourness
of Ilocano vinegar with a hint of sugar.
Ileanna: It’s something truly unique. What’s next?
Ms. Roxas: For dessert, we have our specialty Halo-Halo. With a blend of
over 10 different ingredients, this is a feast fit for royalty.
Ileanna: You are absolutely right! This is not only a colorful treat for the eye,
but it is also refreshing! I’m going to give you a rating of 4!

Vocabulary
greasy : 기름기 있는 delicious : 맛있는, 맛좋은
pungent : 매운, 얼얼한, 자극성의 absolutely : 절대적으로, 무조건
flavorful : 풍미 있는, 맛이 좋은 ingredient : 재료, 성분
refreshing : 상쾌한, 시원한
braised : (고기나 야채를) 기름으로 살짝 튀긴 후, 약한 불에 끓이다

Exercise

A: Describe the Kare-kare and bagoong.

B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe the Inihaw na Pusit and atsara.

B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe the Halo-Halo.

B: _________________________________________.

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About me

A: Do you know of any food that doesn’t smell good but actually tastes great?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What is the most outrageous food you have ever eaten?

B: _________________________________________.

“America"

Chef Puck: For your entrée, we have clam chowder soup.

Ileanna: Oh my, this is so creamy. It’s absolutely divine!
Chef Puck: We sautéed tiny shrimp in some fresh shallots and herbs. We then
added vegetable stock and low-fat milk. It’s actually a healthy
appetizer. Up next is our Beef Tenderloin Tips with Asparagus.
Ileanna: The asparagus is still crunchy, which is how I like it. The beef is
tender and moist. Your sauce is bursting with flavor! I think its
mouth watering.
Chef Puck: Please try our Garlic Rosemary Chicken. We used dried rosemary
to make the flavor more intense.
Ileanna: There’s a heady aroma to this that draws you in. The chicken is so
soft, it melts in my mouth. The roasted garlic is appealing to the
palate.
Chef Puck: Our house specialty is up next. The New York Cheesecake with a
side order of vanilla ice cream and blueberries.
Ileanna: This is so sinful! This is truly the best cheesecake I’ve ever tasted.
I’m giving your establishment 4 stars!

- 23 -
 Vocabulary

entree : 시작하는 음식, 가벼운 음식 divine : 신의, 신성한

appetizer : 식욕 돋우는 음식 tenderloin : (소고기의) 안심
intense : 격렬한, 심한 appealing : 맛을 돋구는
specialty : 전문, 전공 establishment : 설립, 창립

Exercise

A: Describe the Beef Tenderloin Tips with Asparagus.

B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe the Garlic Rosemary Chicken.

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever had clam chowder soup? What is your favorite kind of soup?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What meat do you enjoy the most? Chicken, pork or beef?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you enjoy American food? Which dish in particular?

B: _________________________________________.

- 24 -
"Italy"

Chef Mario: Our aperitif for today is a Mushroom Tortellini drizzled with a light
Black Olive sauce.
Ileanna: This is such a small serving. I hope you have more in store for me.
Chef Mario: We serve this to whet your appetite. The real fun begins with our
next dish. Here is our Four-Cheese Pizza with Prosciutto ham.
Ileanna: The crust is really crunchy. One of the cheeses is a bit too strong
however the fresh basil balances it out. The ham has a nice
smoked flavor to it.
Chef Mario: Up next is our Sausage and Peppers Pasta with Pesto Sauce.
Ileanna: The pasta is surprisingly heavy. It this fresh or dry pasta?
Chef Mario: This is hand made pasta. We use Grade A flour and double yolk
eggs.
Ileanna: The sauce is a bit too sour for my taste. I think it’s the sun-dried
tomatoes that are bothering me. But it is truly aromatic. The bread
sticks I find to be rather hard.
Chef Mario: Lastly is our Gelato Season Blitz. We have three of this season’s
fruits blended into our vanilla gelato for you to sample.
Ileanna: Now this is delectable! It is not overpowered by artificial sweeteners,
but instead is bursting with natural goodness! I think I shall reward
you with a 3.5.

Vocabulary
aperitif : (식전에 마시는 술) prosciutto : (향신료가 많이 든)햄
sausage : 소시지 artificial : 인공의, 인위적인
aromatic : 향기로운 blitz : 전격적으로 돌진하다
delectable : 즐거운, 기쁜
tortellini : (소를 넣은)초승달모양의 파스타

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Exercise

A: Describe the pizza.

B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe the pasta.

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What are your favorite toppings for pizza?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Have you ever tried gelato? What about ice cream? What is your favorite
flavor?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you enjoy Italian food? What dish in particular?

B: _________________________________________.

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 Lesson 5

(나는 너의 자연 적갈색 빛의 머리를 좋아한다)

"University"

Keith: I think you’re swell Nicole.

Nicole: What is it you like about me?
Keith: The fact that you’re very kind and smart. And it also doesn’t hurt that
you have natural auburn hair. It’s so beautiful the way it cascades down
your clear ivory skin.
Nicole: Oh Keith, you’re making me blush.
Keith: That’s another thing I find so endearing about you. You are so quick to
blush. It’s adorable.
Nicole: Well, a lot of other young women are also kind, smart and beautiful.
Not to mention athletic, rich and fashionable. Why don’t you court them
instead?
Keith: You are a cut above the rest. You are stylish, classy and a true
Southern belle. I also love your angelic voice. When you sing, it’s like
there could be no wrong in the world.
Nicole: Oh Keith, you are so cheesy!

Vocabulary
auburn : 적갈색의 cascades : 폭포처럼 떨어지다
ivory : 상아빛의 endearing : 귀여운, 사랑스러운
adorable : 존경할 만한 instead : 그 대신에
stylish : 현대식의, 유행의 belle : 미인, 미녀
angelic : 천사와 같은, 천사의

- 27 -
Exercise

A: Describe Nicole.
B: _________________________________________.

A: What does Nicole think of Keith?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: How would you describe your loved one?

B: _________________________________________.

A: How would your loved one describe you?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What characteristics are you looking for in a person?

B: _________________________________________.

"Office"

John: Who do you think deserves the promotion?

Marsha: I think I like Apple the most. She’s very confident, but at the same
time modest. She is also very personable.
John: But I think that James should be our man. He is such a jolly fellow.
It’s very easy to work with him.
Marsha: Yes, but that can also be a problem. We need someone strict. Apple
is nice, but she is also a disciplinarian. I think she is a perfectionist.

- 28 -
John: Oh indeed. I remember the presentation she gave last month. She was
unbelievable! Her charts were so colorful, her graphs looked so
complicated, and her speech was a work of art!
Marsha: The Board immediately gave her the green light to proceed with her
project. She is a very smart and classy business woman.
John: You’re absolutely right. You’ve convinced me. Apple will get my
unwavering support.
Marsha: Apple would make a great Branch Manager. She knows the company
like the back of her hand.

Vocabulary

promotion : 승진, 진급 confident : 확신있는, 자신있는

responsible : 책임이 있는 disciplinarian : 훈련자, 규율가
perfectionist : 완벽주의자 unbelievable : 믿을수 없는
complicated : 부복잡한, 까다로운 unwavering : 동요하지 않는

Exercise

A: Describe Apple.
B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe James.
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Who do you think should get the promotion?

B: _________________________________________.

- 29 -
A: What do you traits do you look for in a leader?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What are your personal characteristics?

B: _________________________________________.

"Family Reunion"

Audrey: Uncle Sheldon is so funny! Did you see him come in with those loud
shorts and the knee-length socks?
Mica: Oh that’s nothing compared to Britney. She matched the rubber bands
of her braces with the outrageous colors of her floral dress.
Audrey: I guess it is true… you are what you wear. Look at Aunt Victoria.
She’s the most presentable one here, with her two piece suit and pearls.
She’s also the most responsible and formal one in our family.
Mica: Yes, and check out Sidney. She just broke up with her cheating
boyfriend, so naturally she’s wearing black from head to toe. I guess
she’s really devastated.
Audrey: Have you noticed Samantha? She’s blooming into a beautiful young
woman. And she’s wearing those form fitting clothes, but she still looks
classy.
Mica: There’s absolutely nothing trashy about her. I wish I could say the same
about Tricia.
Audrey: Why? How has Tricia turned out? I haven’t seen her since that nasty
divorce.
Mica: How could you not have seen her? She’s wearing a really short black
skirt, black boots, and a tight red top. It’s like she’s in her second
childhood or something.
Audrey: Well, we really should stop our mindless prattle and join the festivities.
Let’s go!

- 30 -
 Vocabulary

outrageous : 난폭한, 포악한 presentable : 외모가 좋은

pearls : 진주, 진주빛의 devastated : 황폐된, 유린된
trashy : 쓰레기의, 쓸모 없는 nasty : 불쾌한, 싫은
mindless : 부주의한, 조심성 없는 prattle : 실없는 소리

Exercise

A: Describe Uncle Sheldon.

B: _________________________________________.

A: Describe Samantha.
B: _________________________________________.

A: Who do you like most in the family?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Who are the members of your immediate family?

B: _________________________________________.

- 31 -
 Lesson 6

(그들은 마침내 경기를 이겼다!)

Pronouns

A pronoun can replace a noun or another pronoun.

There are several kinds of pronouns.
대명사는 명사나 또 다른 대명사를 대체한다. 여러 종류의 대명사가 있다.
1st person(1인칭) - me, my, mine
2nd person(2인칭) - you, your, yours
3rd person(3인칭) - he, him, his
she, her, hers
they, them, theirs
we, us, ours
it, its
who, whom

Personal pronouns (인칭 대명사)

It stands in place for people, places, items and ideas.

Personal Pronouns have three cases, namely:
인칭 대명사는 사람, 장소, 물건들, 개념들을 지칭하고, 3가지의 예가 있다.

1) Subjective or nominative personal pronouns indicate that the pronoun

acts as the subject in the sentence.
The subjective personal pronouns are:
주격의 인칭 대명사는 문장에서 주어의 역할을 한다. 예로는:
I, You, She, he, They, We, It, Who 가 있다.

- 32 -
Examples

1) I was glad to find my library card in my navy pants pocket.

2) You have to be the prettiest girl in the class.

3) He starred, produced and directed that film.

4) She lived with her Uncle Sheldon when she visited America.

5) After years of defeat, they finally won the cheering competition.

6) We will proceed to the kitchen stadium at 8:00 p.m.

7) You will find it on the top shelf in the back room.

8) Are you the employee who schedules our classes?

9) I want a divorce.

10) They started the fight.

Vocabulary

library : 도서관, 도서실 prettiest : 가장 예쁜, 가장 귀여운

produced : 생산한, 만든, 창작한 directed : 지시받은, 인도 된
competition : 경쟁, 겨루기, 시합 kitchen : 부엌, 조리장
stadium : 경기장 schedules : 시간표, 예정표

2) Objective personal pronouns indicate that the pronoun acts as an

object of the verb, preposition, compound verb or infinitive
phrase. The objective personal pronouns are:
목적격의 인칭 대명사는 문장에서 동사의 목적어나, 전치사,
합성동사나 부정사의 절의 역할을 한다. 예로는:
Me, You, Her, Him, Them, Us, It, Whom 이 있다.

- 33 -
Examples

1) After reading the brochure, he threw it into the trash bin.

2) The panel will judge you according to originality, style and

creativity.

3) Laine will meet us at the corner drugstore tomorrow at 6:00 a.m.

sharp.

4) Give the microphone to me.

5) I’m sorry but the boss cannot see you at the moment; he is very
busy.

6) Simon was surprised to see her at the ramp show last night.

7) Hand over your records to her.

8) Give the acknowledgement receipt to them.

Vocabulary

brochure : 소책자, 팸플릿 originality : 독창성, 진품

style : 방법, 방식 creativity : 창조성, 창작성
microphone : 마이크 surprised : 깜짝 놀란

- 34 -
 3) Possesive personal pronouns act as a marker of possession.
They define the owner of a particular person or object.
The possessive personal pronouns are:
소유격의 인칭 대명사는 문장에서 소유를 나타낼 때 쓰인다.
이것은 특별한 사람이나 물건의 주인이 누구인지 명확하게 하는데
쓰인다. 예로는:
Mine, Yours, His, Hers, Theirs, Ours, Its, Whose 가 있다.

Examples

1) The red car in the parking lot is mine.

2) This workstation is yours.

3) His is in the garage getting an overhaul.

4) Theirs will be announced by the next general assembly.

5) Ours is the third from the top.

6) That Yorkshire terrier is theirs.

7) Hers is the most beautiful sapphire eyes you will ever see.

8) That sculpture to the right is his.

9) That leather jacket is mine.

10) Those presents over there are yours.

- 35 -
 Vocabulary
workstation : 일하는 자리 garage : 차고, 주차장
assembly : 집회, 집합, 모임 announced : 알려진, 발표한
overhaul : 철저히 조사하다, 분해 검사하다

Exercise

Choose the best word to complete the sentence.

1) Henry and _____ toured Jessica around Fisherman’s Wharf.

a) Me
b) I
c) Mine

2) Stephen led _________ through the forest.

a) Him
b) He
c) His

3) For their anniversary, Father took _________ to a fancy restaurant.

a) She
b) Her
c) yours

4) Between you and ________, they will never make it to the Finals.
a) She
b) Me
c) I

5) If we try out for the basketball team, will you go with ______ ?
a) We
b) Us
c) him

- 36 -
6) The children on the jungle gym are ________.
a) Me
b) Theirs
c) I

7) _________ kicked the ball across the field.

a) He
b) Mine
c) Yours

8) I got __________ a remote controlled race car for Christmas.

a) Mine
b) Him
c) Theirs

9) My mother-in-law bought __________ matching watches from Switzerland.

a) She
b) He
c) Us

10) Did he mention ___________ promotion to the Board of Directors?

a) Him
b) My
c) Mine

11) Kathleen invited ___________ to lunch on Sunday.

a) Us
b) She
c) We

- 37 -
12) Aunt May sent _________ a birthday card last year.

a) I
b) Me
c) Mine

Demonstrative pronouns (지시 대명사)

They point to and identify people, places or items. They can act as the
subjects, objects or objects of the preposition.
지시 대명사는 사람, 장소, 물건들, 개념들을 나타낼 때 쓰인다.
이들은 문장안에서 주어, 목적어 또는 전치사적 목적어로 쓰인다.

Demonstrative pronouns are...

This (이것)
...refers to people, places or items that are near, either in space or time
시간이나 공간안에 가까이 있는 사람이나 장소 물건들을 칭할 때 쓰인다.

These (이것들)
...refer to singular nouns or noun phrases
단수명사나 명사절을 칭할 때 쓰인다.

That (저것)
...refers to people, places or items that are far away,
either in space or time
시간이나 공간안에 멀리있는 사람이나 장소 물건들을 칭할 때 쓰인다.

Those (저것들)
...refer to plural nouns or noun phrases
복수명사나 명사절을 칭할 때 쓰인다.

- 38 -
Examples

1) This has been a very trying time for everyone.

2) That is the best chocolate cake I have ever tasted.

3) Would you deliver this please?

4) This has to end.

5) This is pathetic, that is the watermelon I want.

6) Three students wanted these.

7) Jon will slap a new coat of paint on that if necessary.

8) These are the designs I was telling you about.

9) Those banners need to go before election week.

10) Will you be able to find these items in the bookstore?

Vocabulary
deliver : 배달하다 tasted : 맛본, 먹어본
necessary : 필요한, 없어서는 안 될 design : 디자인, 설계
election : 선거, 선임

Exercise

Choose the correct word to complete the sentence.

1) ________ (Those / this) is the best massage I have ever received!

- 39 -
2) ________ (This / those) are beautiful! I am sure she will appreciate them.

3) Hold _________ (this / these) banner up while I get the thumbtacks.

4) ________ (Those / this) bolts do not go there.

5) ________ (These / that) is Kenneth’s art project on the refrigerator door.

6) ________ (This / these) Chocolate Hills of Bohol are world famous.

7) ________ (That / these) is not the paint color I asked for.

8) ________ (That / those) accessories clash with your outfit.

9) ________ (This / these) is the fastest way through the forest.

10) ________ (Those / that) house is rumored to be haunted.

- 40 -
 Lesson 7

(당신이 누구라 생각하십니까?)

Interrogative pronouns (의문 대명사)

They are used to ask questions. The interrogative pronouns are:

Who, Whom, What, Which, Whose Whoever, Whomever, Whichever,

Whatever
의문 대명사는 질문을 물을 때 쓰인다. 의문 대명사의 예로는: 누가, 누구를,
무엇, 어떤, 누구의, 누구나, 누구든지, 어떤것이나, 무엇이나 등이 있다.

Examples

1) Who do you think should be Teacher of the Month?

2) Who will drop you off at the airport tomorrow?

3) Whom did they crown Miss Universe last year?

4) What was the question again?

5) Which one of these has ink?

6) Whose car will you ride in?

7) Whichever is the quickest is fine with me.

8) Whatever you want is fine with me.

9) Whoever wants to go to the beach, raise your hand.

10) Whomever you choose is going to be the leader.

Vocabulary

universe : 우주, 인류 question : 질문, 의문

raise : 올리다, 일으키다 quickest : 가장 빠른, 가장 잽싼

- 41 -
 Relative pronouns (관계 대명사)

They are used to link one phrase or clause to another phrase or clause.
The relative pronouns are:
Who, Whom, That, Which, Whoever, Whomever, Whichever
관계 대명사는 한 절이나 구를 다른 절이나 구와 연결할 때 쓰인다.
관계 대명사의 예로는: 누가, 누구를, 저것, 어떤, 누구나, 누구든지,
어떤것이나 등이 있다.

Examples

1) The teacher who won the award got her Master’s from Harvard.

2) The dress that Sam bought had a faulty zipper.

3) Peace talks were halted between the two groups, who continued
with their missile launch tests the following day.

4) This is the method that we teach here, which is the traditional

Christian way.

5) North Korea soldiers delivered a message that is hard to ignore.

6) You may dance with whomever you want to.

7) The candidate who is the friendliest will win the congeniality title.

8) During crunch time, the boss asks the employees whom he thinks
are the best, to edit the work.

9) Whoever finishes the last slice of pizza should discard the box.

10) I will reward extra points to whichever report gets handed in first.

- 42 -
 Vocabulary
faulty : 불완전한, 과실 있는 missile : 미사일, 발사 하는것
traditional : 전통적인, 관습의 ignore : 무시하다, 묵살하다
friendliest : 가장 우호적인 discard : 버리다, 폐기처분하다

Indefinite pronouns (부정 대명사)

It refers to an unknown or indefinite person, place or item.

Indefinite pronouns are:
All, Another, Any, Anybody, Anyone, Anything, Each, Everybody,
Everyone, Everything, Few Many, Nobody, None, Neither, One, Several,
Some, Somebody, Someone
부정 대명사는 알려지지 않거나, 불 명확한 사람이나, 장소, 물건들을 칭할
때 쓰인다. 부정 대명사의 예로는: All, Another, Any, Anybody, Anyone,
Anything, Each, Everybody, Everyone, Everything, Few Many, Nobody,
None, Neither, One, Several, Some, Somebody, Someone가 있다.

Examples

1) Neither of the doctors will be able to attend the seminar.

2) Every season, another rookie gets served up to the big boys.

3) Many were invited to the baptism, but only few were able to
attend.

4) The house had been ransacked and everything was strewn about.

5) We donated everything we salvaged to the Salvation Army.

6) Although they searched high and wide for the negatives, they found
none.

7) Make sure you give everyone a copy of the memo.

- 43 -
 8) Give a welcome basket to each.

9) Someone on the payroll is cheating and earning more than we do.

10) Both of the drivers are claiming responsibility for the accident.

Vocabulary
rookie : 신병, 신참 baptism : 침례, 세례
ransacked : 샅샅이 찾은 strewn : 흩뿌려진, 뒤덮인
negatives : 부정의, 금지의 accident : (우연한)사고, 재난

Reflexive pronouns (재귀 대명사)

They refer back to the subject of the sentence. They always act as
objects, not subjects. They are usually indirect objects, direct objects
or appositives. Reflexive pronouns are: Myself, Yourself,
Herself, Himself, Itself, Ourselves, Yourselves, Themselves
재귀 대명사는 문장의 주어로 다시 칭할 때 쓰인다. 이는 항상 주어가 아닌
목적어로 쓰인다. 종종 간접 목적어나, 직접 목적어나, 동격을 나타낼 때 쓰
인다. 재귀 대명사의 예로는: Myself, Yourself, Herself, Himself, Itself,
Ourselves, Yourselves, Themselves

Examples

1) Although the landlord promised us the fence, we ended up buying

one ourselves.

2) Because Edwin was not hungry when the pizza arrived, he saved
himself a slice.

3) Nor is Chris shy about giving himself credit for it.

4) I like to describe myself as the young aggressive operative from

Macau.

- 44 -
5) They gave themselves a second chance to perfect their Karaoke
score.

6) Did they lock themselves in the pantry again?

7) Anthony usually remembers to send a copy of his e-mail to

himself.

8) Even if the previous owner promised to paint the kitchen, we

ended up doing it ourselves.

9) Some athletes give themselves steroid shots before very big

games.

10) The boss often does the photocopying himself so that the
secretaries can do the more urgent work.

Vocabulary
previous : 앞의, 이전의 aggressive : 침략적인, 진취적인
operative : 작용하는, 활동하는 urgent : 긴급한, 절박한
pantry : 식료품 저장실 athletes : 운동가, 경기자
photocopying : 복사, 사진 복사 secretaries : 비서, 서기

Intensive pronouns (강조 대명사)

They are used to emphasize a noun or pronoun by taking the place of

its antecedent to avoid repeating the same word. They are similar in
form with reflexive pronouns - by adding –self or –selves to the root
pronoun.
The only intensive pronouns in modern English are the following: Myself,
Yourself, Herself, Himself, Itself, Ourselves, Yourselves, Themselves

강조 대명사는 같은 단어의 중복을 피하기 위해서 앞에 오는 명사나

대명사를 강조하기 위해 쓰인다. 이는 재귀 대명사와 비슷한 형태이고,
원래의 대명사에 -self와 -selves를 더한다.
현대의 영어에서 쓰이는 강조대명사로는 Myself, Yourself, Herself,
Himself, Itself, Ourselves, Yourselves, Themselves가 있다.

- 45 -
Examples

1) I myself believe that our president should step down and resign.

2) She herself admitted that she knew of his misdeeds.

3) The Prime Minister herself said that she would overturn the Court’s
decision.

4) Lizzie herself answered the phone last night.

5) They themselves promised to go to the party even though they had

a previous engagement already.

6) Daniel himself checks the teacher’s reports daily.

7) We did it all by ourselves.

8) The students themselves bought the Peperu for today.

9) The General himself inspected the F-14.

10) I myself do not believe in ghosts and evil spirits.

Vocabulary
resign : 사임하다, 그만두다 misdeeds : 악행, 비행, 범죄
overturn : 뒤집어 엎다, 뒤집히다 engagement : 약속, 계약, 예약
believe : 믿다, 신뢰하다

- 46 -
 Lesson 8 (다시 돌아오겠습니다)

Contraction (단축형)

A contraction is a word made of two words put together to make a new

shorter word. An apostraphe (‘) takes the place of the letters that were
taken out.
단축형은 두 단어를 하나의 짧은 언어로 붙이기 위해서 쓰인다.
철자가 빠진 곳에 (‘)가 붙는다.

I will I'll
You will You'll
She will She'll
He will He'll
We will We'll
They will They'll

Exercise

1) ________ (I will) make sure that all the lights are off before I leave
tonight.

2) ________ (She will) have sore legs tomorrow for sure. It’s her first
time to go horseback riding.

3) ________ (He will) never forgive you if you even so much as

scratch.

4) When he comes in, ________ (We will) all shout "Surprise!" okay?

- 47 -
 5) ________ (They will) be home for the holidays, so you better
change the sheets in the guest bed room.

6) If you have any problems with your salary, ________ (You will) have
to take it up with Anne.

7) Yeah right, ________ (That will) be the day.

Vocabulary
tonight : 오늘밤, 오늘밤에 horseback : 말 등
surprise : (깜짝)놀라게 하다 holidays : 휴일
salary : 봉급, 급료

Have not Haven't

Has not Hasn't
Had not Hadn't
Is not Isn't
Are not Aren't
Was not Wasn't
Do not Don't
Did not Didn't
Does not Doesn't

Exercise

1) We ________ (Have not) been to that restaurant yet, why ________

(Do not) we give it a try?

2) It ________ (Has not) occurred to them yet that what they are doing
is unethical.

3) If I ________ (Had not) stopped him from lighting his cigarette, the
gas leak would have killed us all.

- 48 -
 4) ________ (Is not) she the most magnificent ship you have ever laid
eyes on?

5) ________ (Are not) you glad you were born in this day of computer
technology?

6) Quitting his job ________ (Was not) the smartest thing to do,
considering his wife is pregnant.

7) ________ (Do not) ever take for granted your health, or you will
pay dearly.

8) Despite the weather forecast, it ________ (Did not) rain at all today.

9) The dog’s barking ________ (Does not) stop until you close the
gate.

Vocabulary
restaurant : 요리점, 음식점
unethical : 비윤리적인, 파렴치한
technology : 공업, 기술
forecast : 예상, 예측, 예보
occurred : 일어난, 발생한
magnificent : 장대한, 장엄한
pregnant : 임신한

Were not Weren't

Will not Won't
Can not Can't
Could not Couldn't
Would not Wouldn't
Should not Shouldn't

Exercise

1) You ________ (Were not) there when the earthquake hit, were you?

- 49 -
 2) I ________ (Will not) leave you until your mother comes to pick you
up.

3) I ________ (Can not) talk to you here; the librarian will get mad at
us.

4) She ________ (Could not) reach the highest shelf, so she asked
Mico to get the book for her.

5) He ________ (Would not) stop pestering me, and so I finally

reported him to the principal.

6) You ________ (Should not) talk while your mouth is full.

Vocabulary
earthquake : 지진 librarian : 도서관 직원
highest : 가장 높은 pestering : 괴롭히는, 고통을 주는
principal : 주요한, 중요한

I am I'm
You are You're
We are We're
They are They're
He is He's
She is She's

Exercise

1) ________ (I am) tall, fair-skinned, and have long black hair.

2) ________ (You are) not so bad yourself.

3) ________ (We are) going to the zoo on Saturday to see the pink
dolphins.

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 4) If ________ (They are) not back by six o’clock in the evening, they
will be in trouble.

5) ________ (He is) tall, dark and handsome. What more can you ask
for?

6) ________ (She is) such a crybaby, it’s irritating.

7) If ________ (It is) possible, I’d like to have a window seat please.

8) "________ (That is) all folks!" is Porky Pig’s famous line.

Vocabulary
dolphins : 돌고래 trouble : 고생, 근심
handsome : 풍채 좋은, 잘 생긴 possible : 가능한, 있음직한
irritating : 화나게 하는, 귀찮은 famous : 유명한, 저명한

I have I've
You have You've
We have We've
They have They've
He has He's
She has She's
It has It's
Let us Let's

Exercise

1) ________ (I have) never known love like this before.

2) I find it hard to believe that ________ (You have) never been to

Pusan.

3) ________ (We have) been through this a million times already.

- 51 -
4) I am sorry sir, but ________ (They have) declined this credit card.

5) ________ (He has) never shown any remorse for what he did.

6) ________ (She has) been trying to catch a dragonfly for an hour

now.

7) ________ (It has) been a pleasure talking with you.

8) ________ (Let us) all try to get along, shall we?

Vocabulary
believe : 믿다, 신뢰하다 million : 백만, 백만의
declined : 기우는, 쇠하는 remorse : 후회, 가책
dragonfly : 잠자리 pleasure : 즐거움, 만족

- 52 -
 Lesson 9

(서로 만나고 나서 오랜 시간이 지났네요)

Conversation 1

Edward: Hi Elaine, how have you been?

Elaine: I’ve been good. Wow, it’s been a long time since we’ve last seen each
other. What’s new with you?
Edward: Oh, I’ve been backpacking in Europe for the last two months.
Elaine: How intriguing! Did you have fun? How was it?
Edward: It was fantastic! I signed up to join this team. They’ve been to other
countries as well, like Australia and Malaysia.
Elaine: Did you learn a lot?
Edward: I did! I would’ve brought my digital camera to show you some
pictures if I’d known that you were going to be here.
Elaine: That’s too bad! Well, this only means that we have a lot of catching
up to do. I myself just came back from Bali, Indonesia last week.
Edward: What did you do there?
Elaine: I attended a seminar there. I’m in marketing now, and we had to
brainstorm with other Asian countries to plan our strategies for the year.
Edward: I always knew you would end up doing something like that. Let’s talk
some more. Are you free for lunch?
Elaine: I’m pretty sure I can cancel my meeting. I’ll call the office and we can
have lunch at CPK okay?
Edward: That sounds great. Let’s go!

Vocabulary
backpacking : 등짐 intriguing : 음모를 꾸미는
fantastic : 환상적인, 굉장한 seminar : 세미나
brainstorm : 갑자기 떠오르는 생각 strategies : 전략, 작전

- 53 -
Exercise

A: Where has Edward been for the last 2 months?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What other countries has Edward’s team been to in the past?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Where did Elaine go?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What did Elaine do in Indonesia?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever been backpacking before? Mountain climbing? Mountain biking?
B: _________________________________________.

A: What countries have you visited?

B: _________________________________________.

Exercise

Choose the best word to complete the sentence.

1) ___________ not the brightest pea in the pod, but I think he can
hack it.
a. He’s
b. They’ll
c. That’s

- 54 -
2) ___________ all rise to listen to the Gospel of the Lord.
a. You’re
b. Let’s
c. That’ll

3) We __________ give up till we reach the very peak.

a. Didn’t
b. Won’t
c. Weren’t

4) I _________ seen Yvonne all day today; is she absent?

a. Wasn’t
b. Haven’t
c. Shouldn’t

5) You can hear Michael Jackson crying when he recorded the song
"_______ Out of My Life".
a. He’ll
b. She’s
c. Isn’t

6) If you would just follow me through this corridor, _________ show

you the Egyptian mummies next.
a. I’ll
b. You’ll
c. I’m

7) It _____________ seem right that we should go to school on

Saturdays too!
a. We’ve
b. Doesn’t
c. That’ll

- 55 -
 8) I _________ want to be in her shoes when her mom finds out that
she broke the Ming vase.
a. Wouldn’t
b. Couldn’t
c. Hasn’t

9) If you _________ study tonight, you will surely fail your test
tomorrow.
a. Hadn’t
b. Don’t
c. Shouldn’t

10) If everybody would just take their seats, ____________ start the
program in a few minutes.
a. We’ll
b. I’ve
c. That’ll

Conversation 2

Jonathan: Have you heard of the news? Catherine’s baby will be baptized this
coming Saturday.
Yvette: Oh really? What’ll they name the baby? It’s a girl right?
Jonathan: Yes. She’ll be named Agatha Christie, after Catherine’s favorite
author.
Yvette: That’s a lovely name. They’re Christian right? What’s the time and
venue?
Jonathan: It’ll start at nine o’clock in the morning. They chose the new
Resurrection Chapel in Meadow Brooks. It’s going to be a real formal
shindig, so you’ll have to dress up a bit.

- 56 -
Yvette: That’s fine. I’ll go to the mall later and pick out a present. What do
you think I should get for her?
Jonathan: She’s got all the basic necessities already. Maybe you could just
give them a gift check?
Yvette: How unromantic! She’s not going to appreciate that. I’ll get them a
musical mobile. I’m sure the baby will love that.
Jonathan: You’re right, that sounds great. Make sure it’s got bright colors.
Babies are attracted to that.
Yvette: Okay, I will. Do you need anything at the mall?
Jonathan: No that’s okay. You go ahead, I’ll see you later.

Vocabulary
favorite : 마음에 드는 것 resurrection : 소생, 부활
meadow : 풀밭, 목초지 shindig : (떠들썩하고 흥겨운)모임
appreciate : 평가하다, 인정하다

Exercise

A: What is the name of Catherine’s baby, and who was she named after?
B: _________________________________________.

A: When and where will the baby be baptized?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What kind of affair will it be?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What will Yvette get for the baby?

B: _________________________________________.

- 57 -
A: Have you ever been backpacking before? Mountain climbing? Mountain biking?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever been to a baptism before? How was it?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you think would make a perfect present for a baby girl? A baby
boy?
B: _________________________________________.

- 58 -
 Lesson 10

(Kathy는 시험을 꽤 잘 봤다)

Adverbs (부사)
typically answer questions like ‘When?’, Where?’, ‘How?’, ‘How often?’.
There are six kinds of adverbs.
대표적으로 “언제”, “어디서”, “어떻게”, “얼마나 자주”의 질문에 답한다.
6가지 종류의 부사가 있다.

Adverbs of manner provide information on how something is done.

양태부사는 어떤 것이 어떻게 일어났는지의 정보를 말해준다.

Examples

1) The three-tiered cake was very carefully put together.

2) Old people tend to drive slowly.

3) She sweetly whispered back, "I do".

4) Kathy did fairly well in her Korean Proficiency Test.

5) The scolded puppy meekly went back to his doghouse.

6) They strolled happily down memory lane.

7) He was badly injured last month at a rugby game.

8) Allison quickly drew back the blinds so as not to be seen.

9) They waltzed beautifully across the parlor floor.

10) With a slightly quivering hand, he touched the Mona Lisa.

- 59 -
 Vocabulary
tier : 층층이 겹쳐쌓다 whispered : 속삭이다, 귓속말하다
proficiency : 숙달, 능숙 strolled : 산책하다, 어슬렁 걷다
injured : 상처 입은, 손상된 waltzed : 왈츠를 추다
slightly : 약간, 조금 quivering : 떨고 있는, 흔들리는

Exercise

Fill in the blanks with the correct answer.

1) They performed the song __________. (beautiful)

2) She climbed the stairs very __________. (careful)

3) Jim needed the money__________. (bad)

4) She crept in the room __________. (quiet)

5) He skipped __________ down the sidewalk. (happy)

6) I miss him __________. (terrible)

7) He held his grandson __________. (proud)

8) She needed the medicines __________. (desperate)

9) She __________ shrugged her shoulders and walked away. (cold)

10) Mrs. Wilson’s voice echoed __________ in the wilderness. (shrill)

- 60 -
 Adverbs of time provide information on when something happens.
시간부사는 어떤 것이 언제 일어났는지의 정보를 말해준다.

Examples

1) We’ll let you know our decision by next week.

2) Brielle will celebrate her birthday in October.

3) He finally popped the question to Linda.

4) Now is not the time to discuss matters like this.

5) She recently found out that she has polycystic ovaries.

6) Mary Ellen is due to give birth soon.

7) I had everything in the east wing set up yesterday.

8) The package should arrive tomorrow.

9) He hasn’t been coming home on time lately.

10) I will go to Vancouver tonight.

Vocabulary
decision : 결심, 결정, 결단
discuss : 토론하다, 논의하다
ovaries : 난소
package : 짐꾸러미, 포장
celebrate : 경축하다, 축하하다
polycystic : 여러개의 포낭이 있는
lately : 요즈음, 최근

- 61 -
Exercise

Identify the adverb in the sentence.

1) I will eventually settle down in the United States.

2) Chris finally finished eating her ice cream.

3) I got to see the new horror movie yesterday.

4) Eugene is leaving for Japan next month.

5) Alvin said he’ll meet us for lunch tomorrow.

6) Matt and I will be cheering for you at the game on Wednesday.

7) My boss needs that report today.

8) I’ve already gone through all the files, but I still can’t find the document
you are asking for.

9) I should be going soon, it’s getting late.

10) Are you going to the party later?

Adverbs of frequency provide information on how often something

happens.
빈도부사는 어떤 것이 얼마나 자주 일어났는지의 정보를 말해준다.

- 62 -
Adverbs of frequency

There are three different forms of frequency namely:

Indefinite frequency...
sometimes, often, normally, regularly, occasionally, briefly, usually, again,
always

Negative indefinite frequency...

not once, seldom, never, hardly ever, rarely

Definite frequency...
daily, monthly, hourly, yearly, annually, weekly,

Examples

1) Ryan usually gets to work at eight o’clock.

2) We check for second hand cars in the classified ads weekly.

3) Not once have you ever put the toilet seat down.

4) You must never kid a kidder.

5) You should avail of your medical check up annually.

6) I hardly go to coffee shops because I do not really enjoy coffee.

7) They seldom go to the mountains these days because it is so

cold.

8) My post paid cellular phone account has a monthly flat rate of

50,000 won.

9) I hardly ever see you anymore!

10) Not once have you said you love me this week.

- 63 -
 11) School tuition fees increase on a yearly basis.

12) I rarely play badminton anymore because I am so busy at work.

13) Drugstore clerks get hourly rates of $6.00.

14) We normally use our bikes to go to school.

15) The big boss joins us for social drinks occasionally.

Vocabulary

usually : 보통으로, 평소에 classified : 분류된, 구별된

toilet : 화장실, 변소 tuition : 수업료
rarely : 드물게, 좀처럼 drugstore : 약국, 약방

Exercise

Identify which form of frequency the underlined adverb belongs to.

Indefinite frequency Definite frequency Negative indefinite frequency

1) I usually go to the mall on Saturdays.

2) Marie takes her vitamins daily.

3) Russell never forgets to turn the computer off every night.

4) Christine always carries her bag around everywhere.

5) Angelica only drinks occasionally.

6) I get my magazine subscription monthly.

7) Not once did she say anything to discredit the company.

8) Mr. Webber briefly introduced himself before proceeding with his speech.

9) I pay a membership fee which is charged annually.

10) Rarely do I go out at night.

- 64 -
 Lesson 11

(이것은 대단히 위험하다)

Adverbs of degree provide information concerning how much of

something is done.
정도부사는 어떤 것의 얼마나 많은 양의 것이 진행 됬는 지의 정보를 말해준다.

Examples

1) My father and uncle like playing golf a lot.

2) Joyce loves dancing the rumba very much.

3) His presentation completely blew me away.

4) All his accusations are totally false.

5) This is extremely dangerous, so don’t try this at home.

6) She is highly regarded in the film industry.

7) The movie was absolutely terrifying.

8) What he did was utterly disgusting.

9) The test was quite difficult for your level.

10) The circus was hardly amusing at all.

Vocabulary
presentation : 발표 accusation : 비난, 규탄
dangerous : 위험한, 위태로운 regarded : 주목하는, 응시하는
disgusting : 구역질나는, 역겨운 difficult : 곤란한, 어려운

- 65 -
Exercise

Choose the best word to complete the sentence.

1) She _____ leaves the stove unattended.

a) rarely
b) totally

2) I can’t fall in love with someone I _____ know.

a) very
b) hardly

3) The actor in the film was _____ unknown.

a) much
b) virtually

4) That comedian’s jokes aren’t _____ funny at all.

a) very
b) a lot

5) That little girl is _____ clever for her age.

a) much
b) extremely

6) This vase fits _____ nicely in our living room.

a) much
b) quite

7) The meal my mother cooked was _____ delicious!

a) highly
b) absolutely

- 66 -
 8) This is _____ his fault.
a) completely
b) quite

9) That dress looks _____ hot on you!

a) a lot
b) totally

10) I don’t want to remember that _____ embarrassing

experience.
a) utterly
b) hardly

Adverbs of comment provide an opinion or comment about something.

의견부사는 어떤 것에 대해 의견이나 견해를 말해준다.

Examples

1) Fortunately, it did not rain during the parade.

2) He prepared a speech, presumably so that he could hog the

spotlight once more.

3) Unfortunately, she left her keys in the house as well.

4) Incidentally, that lipstick clashes with your complexion.

5) Typically of Percy, she grabbed everything in sight.

6) Luckily, I was able to get front row seats to the biggest concert of
the year.

- 67 -
 Vocabulary
fortunately : 다행히도, 운 좋게도 presumably : 추측 할수 있는
unfortunately : 불행한, 불운한 incidentally : 말하자면, 우연히
complexion : 안색, 피부색 typically : 전형적인, 대표적인

Adverbs of place provide where something happens.

장소부사는 어떤 것이 어디서 일어났는지에 대해 말해준다.

Examples

1) Brian claims he left the soccer ball there.

2) Come here and let me fix your necktie.

3) With his attitude, he will go nowhere fast.

4) I’ll see you when I get there.

5) Margaret will come here tomorrow afternoon.

6) You’re not going anywhere in this kind of weather.

7) I left my purse upstairs.

8) We have to find a replacement guitarist elsewhere.

9) I’m too lazy to go downstairs to answer the phone.

10) You can find the box under his bed.

- 68 -
 Vocabulary
necktie : 넥타이 attitude : 태도, 마음가짐
weather : 기상, 날씨 upstairs : 위층에서, 2층의
replacement : 교체, 대체 guitarist : 기타연주자
downstairs : 아래층의

Exercise

Fill in the blanks by choosing the correct answer from the box below.

anywhere everywhere there nowhere downstairs

here upstairs under over elsewhere

1) Could you run _______ and get my earrings on top of my drawer.

2) Can you please tell Danny to come over ______ later?

3) The body was _______ to be found.

4) You can put that box down _______.

5) You can’t find original bags this cheap _______.

6) I’ll be _______ in five minutes.

7) I’ve searched _______ and I still couldn’t find it.

8) The little boy is hiding _______ the covers.

9) You have to jump _______ the fence to get the ball.

10) Honey, I can hear noises _______.

- 69 -
Lesson 12

(나는 몸이 별로 좋지 않아서 집에 일찍 갔다)

Conjunction (접속사)

It is a function word that serves to join words, clauses, phrases or

sentences together. It may or may not stand between the items it joins.
Conjunctions allow us to make more complex sentences.

접속사는 단어들, 절들, 구들 문장들을 이어주는 기능적인 단어이다.

접속사는 이어주는 것들의 중간의 뜻을 가질 수도 있고 아닐 수도 있다.
접속사는 더 복합의 문장을 만들 수 있게 한다.

Types of conjunctions

1. coordinating conjunctions (등위 접속사)

It can also be called coordinators. These conjunctions connect words,

phrases or clauses of equal importance. The most common
coordinating conjunctions are as follows: and, but, or, nor, for, yet

등위 접속사라고도 한다. 이 접속사는 동등한 중요성을 가진 단어들, 구들, 절들

을 이어주는 역할을 한다. 가장 대표적인 등위 접속사로는, and, but, or, nor,
for, yet가 있다.

Examples

1) Jen and Rafael said they were just friends.

2) I usually go to McDonalds or Burger King for lunch.

3) I refuse to participate in discussions about politics or morality.

4) That should be a policy for Philippine Airlines or any other airline

for that matter.

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 5) Feel free to browse through and make use of any of the books in
the reference section.

6) Her face looks familiar yet I still can’t remember where I met her.

7) Add a little more butter or margarine to that recipe.

8) My favorite sports are basketball and soccer.

9) Marie was smiling yet she still looked sad.

10) Children should have space to run around and play with their
peers.

Vocabulary
participate : 참여하다, 관여하다 discussion : 토론, 심의
policy : 정책, 방침 browse : 이것저것 구경하다
reference : 문의, 조회 familiar : 친밀한, 가까운
margarine : 마가린 recipe : 조리법, 비법

Exercise

Choose the correct conjunction to complete the sentence.

1) She wants to watch the concert _____ the movie.

a) and
b) or
c) but

2) Have you smelled _____ tasted what’s cooking in the kitchen?

a) but
b) yet
c) or

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3) I wasn’t feeling well, _____ I went home early.
a) or
b) so
c) and

4) She wakes up early in the morning, _____ leaves in the afternoon.

a) so
b) or
c) but

5) I’m glad he’s gone, _____ I'm still miss him sometimes.
a) yet
b) and
c) or

6) I have accounts on both Friendster _____ Myspace.

a) but
b) or
c) and

7) We may have lost the game, _____ had a good time playing.
a) and
b) but
c) or

8) I can’t decide if I should listen to him ____ her.

a) so
b) or
c) but

9) I saw him at the bank this morning, _____ he said he never left
home today.
a) and
b) or
c) yet

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 10) I thought you weren’t coming back, _____ I locked up already.
a) so
b) and
c) but

Exercise

Read the sentences and find the coordinating conjunction.

1) The general died of cancer last year, but his legacy lives on.

2) The theme park opened in 1996, and thousands of tourists still

flock to see it every year.

3) In an art gallery, people usually buy a nice piece, or just admire

the artworks.

4) During his youth, he was a popular singer, but now he’s just an
ordinary guy.

5) He did not like his name, so he had it legally changed.

6) Milkshakes are very delicious, but they aren’t as popular as they

used to be.

7) This dish is easy to cook, yet it takes so long to prepare.

8) You should install curtains or blinds on that window.

9) Most of my friends like to eat fast food, but I prefer a home

cooked meal.

10) Do you want to go out to eat, or should we have the food

delivered?

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 Lesson 13

(그는 자고 있거나 샤워를 하고 있다)

2. correlative conjunctions (상관 접속사)

Correlative conjunctions are pairs of conjunctions that coordinate two

things. The most common correlative conjunctions are as follows:
both...and, either...or, not(only)...but, not(only)...also
상관 접속사는 한 쌍의 접속사로서 동등한 두 개의 것을 이어주는 역할을 한다.
가장 대표적인 상관 접속사로는, both...and, either...or, not(only)...but,
not(only)...also가 있다.

Examples

1) Either you finish your paperwork here oryou can bring them at
home and finish them there.

2) Neither Jim nor Kelly was prepared to take the test.

3) Not only did Marcus delete all my files, but also most of the
software on the computer.

4) Does anyone know whether John or Paul attended the concert last
night?

5) Our only options are either we go to the park or just stay at home
today.

6) We can neither download the program nor access it on the

internet.

7) Not only did he fix the problem but also provided long term
solutions for the company’s finances.

8) I don’t know whether I should order chicken or fish.

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 9) He is either sleeping or taking a shower whenever I call

10) The files are neither here in my computer nor in the server.

Vocabulary
prepared : 준비가 되어있는 delete : 삭제하다, 지우다
option : 선택권, 선택의 자유 provided : 준비된, 예비된
solution : 해결, 해명, 해답 finances : 재정, 재무

Conversation

Mother: And where do you think you are going Jim?

Jim: I am going to the park to meet my friends.
Mother: I don’t think so. You are grounded for 2 weeks.
Jim: Why? What did I do?
Mother: Not only did fail your test, but you also broke my vase yesterday
playing with your soccer ball indoors.
Jim: Neither Sam nor Milby passed that test! But they are both at the park
now, waiting for me!
Mother: Whether their mothers ground them or not is none of our business.
Jim: But that is not fair mom! Both Sam and Milby are free to do what they
want and I’m stuck here.
Mother: I am sorry young man but my decision still stands.

Vocabulary
grounded : 기초를 둔, 근거 있는 indoors : 실내에, 안에서
waiting : 기다리는, 대기하는 stuck : 곤경에 빠져
decision : 결정, 결심

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Exercise

A: Where was Jim going?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Why did his mother ground him?

B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: Have you ever been punished for failing a test before? How?
B: _________________________________________.

A: Do you think grounding someone works?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What do you think would be a good punishment for Jim?

B: _________________________________________.

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Exercise

Choose the best words to complete the sentence.

1) __________ (Neither / not) only is she beautiful __________ (and /

but) she is also young and talented.

2) __________ (Whether or / either) not I decide to marry him is up to

me.

3) ___________ (Not / neither) Will ________ (and / nor) Smith made it

through the elimination round.

4) Her diet dictates that she stops eating _________ (neither / both)

sweet __________ (or / and) salty food.

5) __________ (Either / whether) study now and pass your test,

_________ (and / or) party first and fail later.

- 77 -
 Lesson 14

(나는 어제부터 아무것도 먹지 않았다)

3. subordinating conjunctions (종속 접속사)

It can also be called subordinators. These are conjunctions that

introduce dependent clauses. The most common subordinating
conjunctions are as follows: after, although, as, as if, as long as,
as though, because, before, even if, even though, if, if only, in order that,
rather than, since, so, than, though, unless, until, when, whenever,
whereas, wherever

종속 접속사라고도 한다. 이 접속사는 종속관계의 절들을 소개하는 역할을 한

다. 가장 대표적인 종속 접속사로는, after, although, as, as if, as long as,
as though, because, before, even if, even though, if, if only, in order that,
rather than, since, so, than, though, unless, until, when, whenever,
whereas, wherever 등이 있다.

Examples

1) He was born around the time when martial law was declared in the
Philippines.

2) He had resigned before I was hired.

3) Mary always gets in trouble because she is always late.

4) I haven’t checked my email since he left.

5) Joanna won’t go unless Marsha goes with her.

6) I did not finish my homework last night because I was too tired
running errands all day.

7) I don’t care who does all the work as long as it’s done properly

8) I’m not happy with my painting although they say it’s my best work
so far.

9) He left the room as if there was nothing wrong.

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 10) I’d rather go to the beach than spend the day indoors.

Vocabulary
martial : 전쟁의, 군사의 resigned : 체념한, 내맡긴
trouble : 고생, 근심 painting : 그림, 회화
errands : 심부름, 용건 properly : 적당하게, 올바르게

Conversation

Jessica: How will our country prosper if we do not stop the graft and
corruption in the government?
Nick: Unless we take out the bad seeds, I don’t think anything will happen.
Jessica: If there was some way we could separate the good from the bad, we
would have done it a long time ago.
Nick: Because if we don’t do anything soon, I am afraid our country will just
deteriorate beyond recognition.
Jessica: Although our president has our best interest at heart, he is also
pressured by so many people around him. His hands are tied.
Nick: It’s a really sad state we are in.

Vocabulary
corruption : 타락, 퇴폐, 부패 government : 정부, 통치
separate : 잘라서 떼어놓다 deteriorate : 나쁘게 하다, 열등하게 하다
recognition : 인지, 승인 pressured : 압력을 가한

- 79 -
Exercise

A: What does Jessica say should be changed in the government?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What does Nick think will happen to the country if nothing is done soon?
B: _________________________________________.

About me

A: What is your opinion of your country’s government?

B: _________________________________________.

A: Which country do you think has the ideal government?

B: _________________________________________.

A: What would you want to change in your country?

B: _________________________________________.

4. conjunctive adverbs (접속 부사)

Conjunctive adverbs are conjunctions that create a relationship between

ideas in the sentence. The most common conjunctive adverbs are as
follows: accordingly, afterwards, also, consequently, however,
indeed, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, otherwise, similarly,
therefore, still

접속 부사는 문장안에서 개념들 사이에 관계를 형성하는 접속사이다. 가장 대표

적인 접속 부사로는, accordingly, afterwards, also, consequently, however,
indeed, likewise, moreover, nevertheless, nonetheless, otherwise, similarly,
therefore, still 등이 있다.

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Examples

1) My boss will be out of town next week; accordingly, I will

administer the tests to the applicants.

2) I was supposed to watch the game; however, I had to pick up a

package for my mother.

3) I was not able to find anything suitable to wear; so I just decided

not to go at all.

4) You have to accomplish all the tasks you’ve been given; otherwise,
you may lose your job.

5) Mark left the office before the end of his shift without prior notice;
accordingly, this will merit disciplinary actions.

6) I can get your free tickets to the concert; however, you’re only
allowed to bring two guests.

7) You’ve been getting good grades; nonetheless, you still have to

work hard.

8) You have to submit your projects on or before the deadline;

otherwise. I have no choice but to flunk you.

9) To be accepted in this company, you have to pass the exam first;

also, there is an interview you have to go through.

10) Our team won the championship; indeed, it was worth the
sacrifices we made.

Vocabulary
administer : 관리하다, 지배하다
accomplish : 이루다, 성취하다
disciplinary : 훈련상의, 규율의
interview : 회견, 회담
suitable : 적당한, 어울리는
prior : 앞서의, 전의
flunk : 실패하다, 단념하다
championship : 선수권, 우승

- 81 -
 Lesson 15 (복습)

Homonyms

Choose the word that completes the sentence.

1) Please _______ a while.

a) wait
b) weight

2) Let there be _______ on earth.

a) piece
b) peace

3) You must always take your _______ so you won’t get burned out at
work.
a) breaks
b) brakes

4) I have a blister on my _______.

a) heel
b) heal

5) What’s wrong? You look very _______.

a) pail
b) pale

- 82 -
Determine which holiday is being described.
Choose from: Easter, Bar Mitzvah, April Fool’s Day, Thanksgiving, Philippine
Christmas and Chinese New Year.

1) You can warm yourself after Simbang Gabi with Puto Bumbong,
Dinuguan and Puto.

_____________________________

2) When do you go Egg Hunting?

_____________________________

3) This can be traced back to France, circa April 1582.

_____________________________

4) When do you eat turkey, stuffing, cranberries and pumpkin pie?

_____________________________

5) The Hebrew translation of "one to whom the commandments

apply".

_____________________________
6) This originated from a pagan festival called Eastre.

_____________________________

7) It starts with the New Moon and ends 15 days later with the
Lantern Festival.

_____________________________

8) In Canada, this is celebrated on October 9. In America, it is

celebrated on November 23.

_____________________________

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 9) What is the most important Christian festival?

_____________________________

10) When can you get away with pulling practical jokes on family and
friends?

_____________________________

11) On a young man’s 13th birthday he must recite the blessings in the
Torah and Haftara.

_____________________________

12) When do you have carolers, and feast on a Noche Buena?

_____________________________

Choose the best pronoun to complete the sentence.

1) (He / She) is the most gorgeous woman I’ve ever laid eyes on.

2) (This / That) here, is the cafeteria.

3) (All / Everyone) is invited to my house for dinner.

4) (Someone / Few) should close the window.

5) I (herself / myself) completed this task.

6) (None / Nobody) should go through the pain of losing a child.

7) Please don’t take what is (mine / its)

8) (Ours / They) played basketball last night.

9) Begin your letter with "To (whom / us) it may concern.

- 84 -
 10) I’m glad you remembered (my / they) birthday.

11) (Whose / Whom) turn is it anyway?

12) You can pick (whose / whatever) you want.

13) You may excuse (herself / yourself) from the table.

14) (Several / Someone) teachers agreed with the proposal.

15) Why don’t you come along with (us / it)?

Fill in the blanks.

1) ____________ always love you.

2) ____________ not going to like that design I guarantee you.

3) I told him that __________ be in trouble if he comes in

late one more time.

4) ____________ going to study Units 5-14 for our test on

Friday.

5) I ___________ registered yet.

6) It ____________ my decision to leave you behind.

7) _________ worry, it ___________ hurt.

8) It ___________ rain tomorrow, I promise!

9) I ____________ understand a single word she said.

10) It ___________ have to be this hard!

11) ________ going to be in so much trouble once my mom

finds out.

12) ________ not going to get away with it.

- 85 -
 13) Children, ___________ begin.

14) __________ tried so many different medicines but

nothing will work.

15) __________ been three years since I saw him last.

Identify which of the six kinds of adverbs are used in each sentence.
Remember that the different kinds of adverbs are as follows:

manner time degree

comment frequency place

1) She skipped merrily down the sidewalk.

2) I will see you soon.

3) The yearbook is printed annually.

4) What she said was utterly insane.

5) Fortunately, I got the last two tickets to the concert.

6) I promise we’ll go there tomorrow.

7) If I lay here, would you lie with me and just forget the world.

8) They give free groceries to their employees on a monthly basis.

9) I’ve completely lost all faith in men.

10) This relationship is going nowhere.

11) I recently caught him cheating on me in the chat room.

12) I always get hurt in matters of the heart.

13) It was excruciatingly painful to say goodbye.

- 86 -
 14) My mother promised to bring me to Ever Land in December.

15) She hardly smiles anymore.

Identify what type of conjunction was used in the sentence. Remember that the
types of conjunctions are as follows:

coordinating correlative
subordinating conjunctive adverbs

1) The speaker will be out of the country next week; accordingly, I

will take his place.
2) My father died before I was born.

3) We can neither choose Jim nor Jeremy to replace the manager.

4) I’ve searched everywhere yet. I still can’t find it.

5) I usually eat chocolate cake or chocolate ice cream for dessert.

6) Either you take out the trash or you do the dishes.

7) Not only did he make me cry but also broke my heart.

8) Chip won’t leave unless someone relieves his shift.

9) I was supposed to be here earlier; however, I had an emergency

meeting to attend to.

10) I don’t mind paying for dinner as long as we’re having a great
time.

- 87 -
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