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(J) Stephenson: l\'Ied. History. p. 5.

(2) Painter : A Hist. of the Middle Ages, p. 3.

(3) Cary : A Hist. of Rome down to the Rtrign e] Constantina, pp. 646.647_

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( J) Chapot : Le Monde Romain, pp. 68-71 .

(2) Thompson : The Middle Ages, Vol. 1. p. 4.

( 3 ) Rostovtzeff: A Hsit, of. the A ncient World, Vol. 2. p. 286.

(4') Chapot: Le Monde Romain. p. 103-105.

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( 1) Thompson : op. cit. pp. 4-5.

(2) Cam. Ancient Hist. Vol. 10 : p. 160. (3) .Stephenson : Mediaeval History, p. 6.

( 4') Lot: The End of the Ancient World, pp. 6--7. (5) Cam. Ancient H!ist, Vol. 10. p. 158-0168.

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(I) Rostovtzeff = A Hist. of the Ancient 'World, Vol. 2. pp. 175-176.

(2) Cam Ancient Hist. Vol. 10 pp. 161-165. (3) Rostovtzeff : op. cit. p. 191.

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(1) Thompson : op. cit. Vol. 1. p. 8. (Z) Cary: op, cit. pp. 721-723,

(3) Rostovtzeff : 00. cit, Vol. 2, p. 303, (4) Stephenson : Med. Hist. p. 33.

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( I) Lot : Ope cit. p. 10. (2) Ibid.

(,) Cary : op. cit. pp'- 723-726.

(4) Thorrrpson : cpo cit. V9J. 1 'p. 1 Z.

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(1) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. 1 pp. 24-25. (2) Cam. Med. H;st. Vo1. , pp, 25-26. (3) ChapQt: op. cit. p. 127.

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(I) Dill: Roman Society from. Nero to Marcus Aurelius

pp. 245-250.

(2) Chapot : op. cit. Pp. t l 3-125. (3) Rostovtzeff : op. cit. p, 317.

( 4 ) Charlesworth : Th'e Roman Empire, PI=>. 70--5 t • (5) Lot: The Fnd of the Ancit'nl World. p. 121.

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(J) Rostovstzeff; op. cit., trp, 3 J 3-315. (1) Katz: The D~c1ine of Rome, p. 37. (3) Ros.tovtzeff; op. cit., Vol'. 2 p. 3' 7.

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(I) Rostovtzeff; op, cit. Vol, 2, p. 3 J 7. (2) Stephenson : Mcd. Hist. p. 38.

(3) Katz ; op. cit. pp, 36-37.

(4) Cary : op. cit. p. 723

(5) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol. 1 pp. 204-206

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(J) Thompson; Opt cit. Vol. 1 p. 16 (2) Cary; op, cit. p, 724.

(3) Moss; The Birth of the Middle Ages, pp. 6---.7. (4') Va8i~iev: Hist, de l'Einr.ire Byzantin; Tome 1;

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(1) Bloch : L 'Empire Romain, pp , 188-194 (2) Rostovtzeff ; op. cit. Vol. 2, p, 320

(3) Thompson : 00. cit Vol. t P. 17

(4) Stephenson; Mcd. Hist, p. 38

(5) Ostrogorsky: Hist, of the Byzantine State, p. 32

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( 1) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol, 1 p. 24 (2) Cary: op. cit., p. 195

(3) Bloch: op. cit. P. 195.

(4) Idem, pp. 194-195

(5) Painter; A Hist. of the Middle Ages, 'pp, 5--6~

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(J) Vasiliev, OPe cit. Totne 1, p. 78

(2) Rostovtzeff. op. cit. Vol. 2·; pp. 32)-323. (3) Lot: The End of the Ancient World, p, 14 (4) Vasiliev, op, cit. Tome, I, p. 78

( 5 ) Rostovtzeff : op. cit. Vol 2, 325

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(.J) Katz j op. cit. p. 44.

(2) Rostovtzeff : op, cit. Vol. 2, p. 323. (3) Ideml p. 32'4.

( 4 ) Chapot: op, cit. p. 11 t

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( 1 ) Lot: op. cit, pp. 18-19

(2) Stephenson ; Med. Hist. pp. 38-39 (3) Rostovtzeff; op. cit, Vol. 2, p. 327 ( 4) Lot: op. cit. pp. '22-23

(5) Vasiliev: op, cit. Tome 1, p. 80.

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( 1 ) Bynes: Constantine the Creat and the Christian Church ; p. 3.

(2) VasiIiev: op, cit. Vol. 1. p. 54.

(3) Bury: Hist. of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. 1.

p. l.

(4) Vasiliev : op. cit. Tome 1, p. 80 (5) Ostrogosky ; op , cit. p. 33.

(6) Rostovtzeff: op , cit. Vol. 2, p. 332.

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( t ) Lot: ep, CIt. pp. 36-37.

(2) Cam. Med. Hilt. Vol. I' p, 17.

(3) Diehl & M'arcais : Le Mond: Oriental. p. 4 (4) Stephenson : Med. Hist. p. 36.

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( I) Cum. M~cl. 1 Ji!ll. Vol, I pp. 18 -19 (2) Vllllilit~v: or. (·it. Tome, 1 p. az. p) Cum. M~(l. I-Ill1l. Vol. I p. W>.

(4) Ostrogoraky, oP. cit. cit, p. 48

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( 1 ) Vasiliev: Ope cit, Tome. 1 pp. 82-83. (2) Mo~s: OPe cit. pp. 7fJ.-79

(3) Katz : op , cit. pp , 78-79

(4') Cam. Med. Hist, Vol, 1 pp, 543-552.

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( I) Idem. p. 553,

(2) Thompson. ep. cit. vel, 1 pp. 28-29 (3) CCl"'Y, op. cit. pp. 178-719.

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(I) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. I. p, 89

(2) Stephenson : Med. Hist. rro. 51-52

'( 3) RDstovt7:,.ff: op, c;it. yd1. 2, p. 345 .& Glover. op , cit. p, 155

(4) Cary : op. cit.p. 53' &; 590

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( 1 ) Dill: op. cit. pp. 529-5,46

(Z) Glover : The Conflict of Religions m the Early Roman Empire Pp. 33--74-

(3) Rostovtzeff : OP. cit. vol, 2, p. ~35 ( 4) Pair-ter: or,'. c:it, p , 11.

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( I) Thompson, op. cit. vol. 1, p. 32 (2) Katz: op. cit., pp. 64-65

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(3) Cam. Med. H'ist. Vol. 1, pp. 95-96

(4) Duchesne : Hist. Ancienne de 'l'Eglise; Tome 1. p. 9

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( II Stepenson.: Med. Hist. 1=-'. 52 (2) Katz. op. cit. p. 58

(3) Stephenson : op, cit, p. 53

,4) Hardy: Studies in Roman History, vol. 1; p. 2 (5) Katz ; op, cit. P. 62

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(1) Charlesworth : op. cit. p. 149 (2) Painter: op. cit. p , 15

(3) l-Iardly: op. cit. vol. 1, p, 34 (4) Idem, p. 37

(_J) Cary: op, cit. p , 531

(6) Duchesne, op. cit. Tome 1, pp. 110-115 & 359

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( I) I lurdy : 01'. cit. Vol. I, pp. 7 H ,,{).t (I.) Katz ~ ('p. ('II. p. ()4.

(i) Hu:;lc,vt/c·1 f : I.Jr. ('it. vu]. l. p. 'H() &. Lot. op. p. Z4 (4) J>1I('heml!': liP. e-it, TOIIII" 1.. pp. () , .. II)

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( 1 ) Glov·er: op. cit. p .. 1 73

(2) Vasiliev: op, cit. Tome 1, pp. 61-63 . (3) Katz: op. cit. p, 52

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( ,) Ol:llrof.{rmlky: op, cit. pn, 42. --4"J

(2) VnAiliev: op. op, cit. Tome 1. PP. '1() ?S8 (3) Ide·m. P. 57

(4) Carn, Med. Hist. vo', f t PP, ,)·-6 (5) Vasiliev: OPe cit. Tome (), p. 61

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(I) Ostrogorsky : OPe cit. P. 43 (2) Lot: OPe cit. p. 2'9

(3) Thompson: OPe cit. vol. 1 pp , 35-36 ( 4') Ostrogorsky: op. cit. p. 43

(5) Lot: op. cit. p, 26

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(1) Cam'. Med. Hist. 1 p. 10

(2) . Diehl & M'arcais : Le Mond.e Oriental pp. 21-2. (3) rhompson: op, cit. vol. 1 p. 37

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Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. p. 119 Lot : op , cit. fry. 43-44 Pain'er :. Ope cit. P. 16

Vasiliev : op. cit. Tome 1 p 68

Bynes : Constantine and the Chri'3t1.an Church. pp.

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(1) Cam. Med. Hist. Vel, 1 pp, 122-123 (2) Stephenson. op, cit. p. 83

(3) Bynes : op. cit. pp, 26-30

(4) Vasiliev: op, cit. Tome 1 pp. 70-71

(5)' Lot : op. cit. p. 45 •

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( 1) Thompson : op. cit. Vol, 1 p. 40 (2} Vasiliev: op. cit. 'Tome 1 p. 84 (3) Katz: op. cit. pp. 87~B8

{ 4 ) Bury: Hist. of the Later Roman Empire, Vol. I p. 349

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(t) Vasiliev : op. cit. Tome 1 p. 85 (2), Bury: op. cit. Vol. " p. 367. (3) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. I p. 103

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(1) Thompson : op, cit. Vol. 1 p. 44

(2) Duchesne : op. cit. Tome 2 pp, 326-332 (3) Vasiliev: oo, cit. Tome 1 pp. 90-92

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(5) Thompson : op. cit, Vol. 1 pp. 44-45

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(1) Bury: p. cit. Vol. I p. 371

(2) Cam .. Med, Hist. VoL 1 pp. 113-114. (3) Thompson : op, cit. V 0'1. 1 p. 46

(4) Deanesly: A Hist. of Early Med. Europe, P: 165

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(3) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol. , PP. 169-173'

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( 4) Deane&ly: op, cit. 169

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( I) Thompson: op. cit. Pp. Vel p. 54 (2) Deanesly: op, cit. pp. 177-184 (3) Duchesne; op, cit. pP. 459-463 (4) Bury; tip. cit. Vol. I pp, 357-358

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( 1) Lot: op. cit. p. 39

(2) Katz :0 p , cit. pp. 50-51.

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(1) Charlesworth: op. cit. pp. 180-181

(2) Rostovtzeff : op. cit. Vol. p. 11. p. 333. (3) Bury: op, cit. Vol. I. ;9. I

( 4) Thompson : op. cit. I p, 56

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( I) Lot = op. cit, p. 187

(2) Dawson. The Making of Europe, p. 68 (3) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. , p. 323 - 330

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(1) Stephenson : op, cit. p. 59 & Deanes1y, op, cit. p.22 (2) Cam. M=:d. Hist. Vol. I pp. 34~355

(3) Idem; Vol. I pp. 186-187

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(1) Painter: op. cit. p. 19 (2) Deanesly : op. cit. p. 25

(3) Hubert: Les Gcrm.ains. p p , 16-17 ( 4) Painter. op, cit. pp, 2'0-21. &

• :td \.. .r:J I '-;-' _"._..tJ I." if' Y-:f 'U' : 01.; .. _,.b t~ I _t. I (5) Katz: OPe cit. pp. 100-101.

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(I) Lavisse: Hist. de Frunce : Tome II, Premiere Partie. ~

p.46

(2) Tacitus: Germania. p. 11

(3) Thompson: op, cit Vol. I p, 63

(4) Eyr~: European Civilisation. Vol. Ill, P. 13. (5) Lavisse, op, cit. PP. 48-49

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( 1) T acitus : Germania: p. 1 5 (2) Stephenson: op. cit. p. 61

(3) Katz: op , p. 99 & Tacitus: Cermania p. to (4) Tacitus; Germania p , II

( 5 ) Thompson, op. cit, Vol. I p. 64

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(Karsten : Les Anciens Gennains. P', 178) : (2) Moss: op. cit. Pp. 40-41.

(3) 'T acitus : Cermania, D. 9

( 4) Thompson : op, cit. Vat [ D. 65 (5) Stephenson : op, cit. p. 62

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( 1) Painter. op. cit. p. 23 (2) Katz: OPt cit. p. 103

(3) Cam. Merl. Vol. I p. 188

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( 1) Katz: OPe cit. pp. 101-102

(2) Lot: Les Invasions Cermaniques, p, 29 (3) Thompson. Ope cit. Vol. I p, 72

(4) Ccuy: op , cit. p. 728

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(1) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. 1. p. 207. ( 2) Painter: op, cit. p, 19 ..

( 3 ) Eyre: op. cit. p. '5.

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(1) Lot • Les Invasions Cermaniques, p. 59. (2) Thompson : op. cit. Vol. 1, p. 79.

(3) Stephenson: op, cit. p. 68.

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( I ) Orton: Outlines of Med. Hist, p. 33.

(3) Fliche : La Chr~tiente Medievale, pp. 10 ... 14.

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(1) Brad!1'ey: The Goths, p. 61. (2) Moss: op, cit. p. 44.

(3) Lot : Les Invasions Germaniques. pp. 56-57. (4) Painter. OPe cit. p. 24.

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( I ) Wallace - Hadrill : The Barbarian West, P. 21, (2) Ostrogorsky : Hist. of the Byzantine State, p. 48. (3) Thompson: op, cit. Vol. 1. p. 90.

( 4 ) Lot & Pfister & Ga1nshof : Les D~tinces de L 'Empire-En Occident, p. 24.

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(1) Cam Med, Hist. Vol 1, p. 260. (2) Bury: OPe cit. Vol. 1, P. 110.

(3) Vasiliev : op, CIt. Toine, 1, p. 116.

(4) Lot & Pfister & Ganghof : OPe cit. p. Z8. (5) Buty: Ope cit. Vol. I, 1>. 168.

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('I) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol. 1, pp. 266-268.

(2) Lot: The End of the Ancient World, PP. 202-204. (3 ) Lot. Les Invasions Germaniques, Pp. 74-75;

(4) Bury: op. cit. Vol, " p, 180 ..

(5) Deanesly: op, cit. pp .. 27-28.

(6) Bradley: The Goths,. pp. 106-107.

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( J) Lot: The End of the Ancient W orld, p, Z05. (2) Cam. Med. Hisl. Vol, 1, Pol 279.

(3) Bury. OPe cit. Vol. I, p. 341.

(4) Thompson; Ope cit. Vol, 1 t p. 94.

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(J) WalJace-HadL;.lJ = op. cit. pp. 38-39. (2) Oman: The Dark Ages, p. 7.

(3) Lot & Pfistor & Ganshof; op, cit. p. 63. (4) Thompson: oo. cit. Vol. 1, p. 95.

(5) Oman ~ The Dark Ages, pp. 7-9.

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(I) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol, 1. pp. 306-308. (2) Deanesly ~ op. cit, p. 77,

(3) Cam. M~d. Hiat. Vol, 1, p. 2]5

(4) Lot & Pfister & Ga'llshof ; op. cit. p. 66.

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( l ) Bury: op, cit. Vol. 1, pp. 291-293 . (2) Cam. M'ed Hist. Vol, I, PP. 280~Z8t. (3) Bury: op, cit. Vol, I, 294.

(4) Fliche. La Chretiente Medievale, p. 24.

(5) Lot: The End of the Ancient Wm'ld, pp. 209-215. (6) Lot : The End of the Ancient World _ 288.

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( 1) TPompson : op. cit. Vol, 1, p. 98. '(2) Bury: OPe cit. Vol, " p, 249

13) Deanesly: op. cit. p, 30.

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( J) Lot & Pfister & Ganshof : op, cit. po , 77-94. (2') Cam. Med. Hist. Vol 1, pp , 418-420.

(3) Lot & Pfister & Ga:nshof : op, cit. p. 78. ( 4) Thompson : op. cit. Vol, 1. po, 100-101

(5) Lot: The End of the Ancient World, pp. 209-215 ..

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(1) Eyre: op, cit. p. 23.

(2) Cam. Med. Hist, Vol, 1, p, 431. (3' Oman: The Dark Ages, p. 3. (4) Idem, p. 5.

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(1) Fliche : La Chreti ente Medievale. p. 30.

(2) Deaneslv : op, cit. p. 5t\, & Gregory of Tours; The Hist, of the Franks 11· 27.

(3) Thompson: op, cit. Vol, 1, p. 108.

( 4) Lot : TIle End of the 'Ancient World. p, 249.

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(I ) Thompson: op. cit, Vol, 1, -P. 108. (2) Dill : Roman Society in Gaul, p. 89.

(3) Lot : The End of the Ancient World, p. 249. (4) Cam. Mefl. Hist. Vol, 1, p. 285 .

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(f) Dill: Roman Society in Caul, PP. 86-89. (2) Deanesly : op. cit. p, 59.

(3) Crel?;ory of Tours : The Hist of the Franks, P. 2-30. ( 4) F1iche : La Chretiente Medievale, p. 33.

( 5) Lavisse : Hist de France. T orne, 11 • Premiere.

Partie, p. 99.

(6) Lot; The End of the Ancient World p. 317-318 •

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( 1 ) D~aneslv: op, cit. p. 60.

(2) Lot; The End of thp Ancient World. p. 317. (3) Thompson; op , cit. V,=,1. 1. r. 109.

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(J) DiU : Roman Society in Gaul. p. 91. (2) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. J. p , 484.

(3) Lot : The End of the Ancient World pp. 3 J 8-319. (4) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol. Vol, 1. P. 484,

(5) Deanesly : op, cit. p. 67.

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(4) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol, 1, p, 369 ..

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( I) Thompson : op. cit. Vol, 1, Po 1 J 5. (2) Deanesly c op, cit. p. 35.

(3) Eyre: op. cit, P. 25.

(4) Lot: The End of the Ancient World,. p. 240.

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(J) Eyre : op, cit, p, 21, (2) Idem : pp. 25 ... 27.

(3) Lot: The End of the Ancient World. p, 241. (4) ?mon : The Dark Agell. pp. 12-24.

(5) Eyre.: op. cit. P. 6.

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(I) Jd.em: op, 27.

(2) Thompson: op. cit. Vol. p. 118.

(3) Lot Ie Pfister, Ganshof : op, cit. pp, 113-116.

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( ') Cam. Med. Hist, Vol. I, p. 454, ( 2) Deanesly: op, cit pp. 43-44.

(3) Cam. Med Hilt, Vol, 2. p. 18.

( 4 ) Hodgkin : The Hist. of Eng~and, pp, 72 ... 73.

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(I) Cam, Mcd. Hist. Vol, I, pp. 378-381. (2) Hadgkin : The Hist of England. p. 108. (3) Orton : Outlines of Med. Hiat. p. 95.

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(2) Lot: The End of the Ancient World, pp, 303-304. (3) Cam, Med. Hist. Vol, 3. p. 540,

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( I) Hodgkin : The Hist. of England. pp. 195·209. (2) Idem : pp. 263~265.

(3) Eyre: op. cit. pp. JI-32.

(4) Pirenne: A Hist, of Europe, p. 36.

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(J) De:aneaiy op. cit. pp, J H;-187.

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(1) Pirenne : Mt">hamroed and. Charlemagne. p. 147.

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( 1) Oman: The Dark Ages, p. 216. (2) Cam. ~d. Hist. Val, 2. p. 2'31. (3) Idem PP. 338~339.

(4) Idem. p. 341.

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(1) Diehl &: Marc::ais : OPt cit. pp. 190 .. 192 .

. ~,v u"" Q t::. ' ~'JI ~ : ..s~~i'.ll (f) (3) Cam. Med. Hist. Vol, 2. p, 347.

(4) Orton: OPe cit. pp, 80-81.

(5) Oman: The Dark Ages. p. 220.

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( I) Eyre: op, Cit. p, 63. (2) Orton: op. cit. p. 81.

(.3) Vasilicy: op. cit. Tome 1. p. 287.

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(1) Thompson: op. cit vol , 1. pp. 163 ... 164 .

• 0\ «r" r'j ....... )ll J' ;,;-" .. 1.1\ : ... \l.Ji.J' (~) (3) Picrenne : Mohammrd nnr] Chnrlomngmc, p , 150.