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The First Prophetic Calculation
The scene at Belshazzar’s feast in the year 538 BC is one of the mostdramatic in the Bible. As co-regent of the Babylonian empire, Belshazzarwas hosting an extravagant party for his admirers, using vessels stolen fromthe Temple in Jerusalem. Unknown to Belshazzar and his generals, thePersians had stealthily diverted the Euphrates river which flowed throughBabylon and were quietly filtering along its empty channel beneath the greatwalls of the city.During their last hours the Babylonian dignitaries – who were committingan appalling act of sacrilege by using Temple vessels – were confronted by adisembodied hand which wrote the following words on the wall of thebanqueting hall: “Mene, Mene, Tekel, Upharsin” (Daniel 5:25).Everyone in attendance was greatly alarmed. The old prophet, Daniel, whoby then was probably in his late eighties, was called to interpret thesedisturbing words. What message did they have for Belshazzar? According toDaniel, they were saying that God had numbered the days of the kingdom of Babylon, that its rulers had been weighed and found wanting, and that it wasnow being divided between two conquering nations, the Medes and thePersians.The prophecy was fulfilled and Belshazzar and his generals were executedthe same day.David Flynn noted that the four words also appeared to carry a furthermeaning. On the principle that the Bible is its own dictionary, he referred tothe section of Ezekiel which described the Temple of the Messiah during theMillennium, in particular a verse relating to weights and measures:And the shekel shall be twenty gerahs: twenty shekels, fiveand twenty shekels, fifteen shekels, shall be your manneh.(Ezekiel 45:12)These words –
shekel
,
gerah
and
manneh
– were actually Chaldean in originand denoted different units of measurement in ancient Babylon (Both Danieland Ezekiel lived in Babylon, were familiar with its customs, and couldspeak Chaldean). The
gerah
was the smallest unit of monetary value inBabylon, rather like a cent in modern usage. Thus the words “Mene, Mene,Tekel [
shekel
], Upharsin” were collectively describing a numerical value,where a Mene (or
manneh
) was 50 shekels or 1000 gerahs, a Tekel 20gerahs, and a Parsin 500 gerahs (Upharsin literally means ‘and a dividedmanneh’). This gives 1000 + 1000 + 20 + 500.Independent confirmation of this, where the words in question (namely,
mene
,
tekel
and
parsin
) can be interpreted as traditional Babylonian units of measurement, may be found in
The Bible Knowledge Commentary
byWalvoord and Zuck