rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 1

2 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
rsdK; quf opf vl i,f rsm; t pnf; t ½kH;

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 3
 ykH ESd yf rS wf w rf ;

xk wf a 0 jc if ;
yxrtBudrf
2010 ckESpf *Refv

tk yf a &
1000

xk wf a 0 ol
rsdK;qufopfvli,frsm;tpnf;t½kH;

ykH ESd yf ol
---------------- ykHESdyfwdkuf

4 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
Generation Wave
rsdK;qufopfvli,frsm;tpnf;t&kH;\ trSmpm
uRefawmfwdkY Generation Wave (rsdK;qufopf vli,frsm;tpnf;t½kH;) taeeJY ppftmPm&Sifpepf&JU t&dyfatmufu
rsufarSmufacwf jrefrmjynf\ ,dk,Gif;ysufpD;aerI tajctaersm;udk xif[yfapEdkifzdkY ,ck uAsmpmpkudk pkpnf;a&;om;
xkwfa0jcif;jzpfygw,f/
vli,fawG[m ordkif;tqufquf rw&m;rItwGuf awmfvSefcJhMuw,f...
vli,fawG[m acwftqufquf tem*wfudk ydkifqdkifEdkifcJhMuw,f...
vli,fqdkwm zdESdyfrIrSmrpD;arsmbl; ... raysmf0ifbl; ...
vli,fawG&SdaeorQ trSefw&m;[m b,fawmhrSraobl; ...
vli,fawG&JU touf½SLoHawGrSm vGwfvyfjcif;qdkwm xm0&&SifoefaeMuw,f /
zwf½cI pH m;ol nDtpfukd y&dowfrsm;taejzifh vli,ft h oH? vli,f[ h ef? vli,frh mefjzifh cHpm;wifjyxm;aom uAsmrsm;
tm;zwf½&I if; wpHw k ckaompdwcf pH m;rIrS trSew f &m;udck spfcifjrwfE;kd pdwEf iS hf raMumufw&m;twGuf tusdK;tjrwf wpHw k &m
&So
d nf[k xifjrif,q l cJyh gvQif ... uREkyf w
f Ykd GW (rsdK;qufopfvil ,frsm;tpnf;t½k;H ) uAsma&;ol vli,frsm;taejzifh txl;
0rf;ajrmufygonf/
,ck 'DuAsmpmpkav;[m uRefawmfwdkYjzwfoef;ae&wJh
ppfuRefacwfudk rD;armif;xdk;jywJh...
ppftmPm&Sif pepfudk awmfvSefwJh...
Generation Wave (rsdK;qufopfvli,frsm; tpnf;t½kH;) \ EdkifiHa&;wuf<uvIyf&Sm;ol vli,fxkESifh wuG nDtpfudk
tm;vHk;udk udk,fpm;jyKwJh jyefvif;wef;wcktjzpf awmufyaernfjzpfaMumif; ...
Generation Wave
rsdK;qufopfvli,frsm;tpnf;t½kH;
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 5
6 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
udk,fhwm0ef udk,f odMuyg
usaemfwdkY aus;Zl;qyfaeMuwmyg
usaemfwdkY a&SUu tmZmenfol&Jaumif;awG
olwdkY acwfumvtvkduf wdkif;wyg;&JU uRefb0uae
vGwaf jrmufatmifvyk Nf y;D ordik ;f ay;wm0efuakd uscJyh gNy.D ../
aemufvmr,fh olawGtwGuf
aus;Zl;a<u;udk qyfoGm;MuygNyD
usaemfwdkY acwfrSm
wdkif;jynfaumif;pm;zdkY vdkygw,f
'g usaemfwdkY&Jh wm0efyg
udk,fhwm0ef udk,fodMuyg.../

oD[0if;wif
■ 'DuAsmudk jrif;jcHaxmifwGif;rSm a&;om;ygw,f/
,ckxdvnf; axmif'Pf (5) ESpf uscHae&qJyg/

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 7
 vlrsufESmaysmufwJh vlom;awG
vltcsif;csif;...
rD;xufjyif;wJh xdk;ESufrIawG
tcspfudk 0,fpm;MuolawGeJY
tcspfudk a&mif;pm;MuolawG
aps;ac:aewJh pm&dwåawGeJU
arwåmrJh ESvHk;om;awG
'DuAsmudk aumhaomif;tusOf;axmifwGif;rSm a&;om;ygw,f/ b,folaoao...
,ckxdvnf; aumhaomif;tusOf;axmifrSm iawrm&if NyD;a&maygh.../
axmif'Pf (6) ESpf uscHae&qJyg/

8 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
igwdkYacwfrSm...
vlom;awG[m wa,muftwåtwGuf wa,mufu
tjcm;wa,muf&JU arQmfvifhcsufawGudk ½dkufcsdK;
taoG;tom;awGudk rD;vIH
t½dk;awGeJY rD;vIH
,HkMunfcsufawG wdk;wdkufrdMuaygh.../
igwdkYacwfrSm...
urÇm&Jh opömeJY
aysmufqHk;aewJh avmuygv[m
b,frSmrS &Smr&ovdk
twårsufrSefjymawGwyf
arm[tarSmifwdkufxJ wdk;0if
[if ...
vlom;awG[m vlrsufESmawG aysmufaeMuNyD/

aZ,smaomf (Nitric Acid)

■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 9
 zGifhtefjcif;
rdk;vif;awmh tdyf&mx
yHkpHeSifh a&SUMunfhawGtMum;
igAsmrsm;.....
bmrsm;vmOD;rSmvJ...
igaMumifaeqJ...
&SmazGa&;wJh..../
tdyfaqmifzGifhawmh iga&csdK;
bmrSrEdk;awmhwJh pdwfud&d,mawGESifh
vIyfEdk;vmwJhtodu
igxrif;pm;&awmhrSmudk;..../
aeYvnfusawmh
tdrfrufxJrSm oa0xdk;
tajzqdk;awGyJ ay;rSmvm;
a0;uGmoGm;wJh vuf&SdawGrsm;
twdwfrSmyJ csdwfumxm;cJh..../

10 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
naeqdkwm....
qlnHaewJh toHawGESifh
jyKvkyfxm;wJh vlrsm;&Jh
b0tarmawGyaJ ygh
ausEdkif&if ausygapvdkY qdkayr,fh
awEdkif&if awEdkifoavmuf
rmwJh vlwpkaMumifh
aoygaygh .../
ud,
k t f yd cf sifNyD
jzpfyghrvm;vdkY udk,fhtawG;xJ
odkYayr,fh bm,mawG&Jh
uif;oHawGMum;xJ
em;yJ tcgcgNiD;&if;
*sydk;ESifh jcifawGudk aoG;tvSLay;vdkY
tay;t,lrrQwJh wdkY&Jh 'Dae&m
b,folrS (wwfEdkif&if) rvmygESifh..../

tmumAdkvf 'DuAsmudk ausmufjzLaxmifrSm a&;om;ygw,f/

,ckxdvnf; axmif'Pf (5) ESpf uscHae&qJyg/
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 11
 aZ,smaomft,fvfbrf - 1

aZ,smaomf....
tem*wf awmifyHcwfoHwdkY&Jh pnf;csuf..../
rif;&ifbwfxJu opömtvif;pufudkjrifw,f...
rif;&ifbwfxJu vrf;jyuGef;yufpfudk igjrifw,f...
aumif;uifESpfxyfeJY tjrJvif;usif;vdkY
aZ,smaomfwdkY wacwf tan§mifh ayguf&SifoefcJhwJh
ckEpS .f ..
rarhbl; aZ,smaomf..../
a[m'D n§DpdkYpdkY tarSmifxJ...
rif;tNrJ vJhjymawmufyw,f aZ,smaomf...
rif;ESvHk;om;&Jh ZmwdNrdKU[m 0drkwåd qdkwm
udk,fwdkifzGifhjy urÇmqefcJh&NyD aZ,smaomf...

12 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
atmifjrifwJh vlwpfa,mufjzpfzdkYxuf wefzdk;&SdwJh vlwpfa,mufjzpfzdkY
jyoGm;wJh oufao...
va&mifuawmif nTwfus tav;jyK&NyD aZ,smaomf....
rif; [pfa[mhyf pm;om;xJu ausmufxGif;tu©&m
wm&mrif;a0 rodayr,fh
rif;tNrJvif;yw,f aZ,smaomf...
a[m'D ckepf&ufom;orD; urÇmxJ
rif;,HkMunfcsuf rdwåLawG
½dk;om;pGm &J&ifhcJhMuwJh ouú&mZfawG...
rarYbl; aZ,smaomf...
oHo&m tawGYxl;aypG...
rif;&Jh avmuwåp&d,awG...
rarhbl; aZ,smaomf...
aumif;uifESpfxyfeJY tNrJvif;usif;vdkY
aZ,smaomfwdkYwpfacwf
tan§mifhayguf &SifoefcJhMuNyD...
aemufu vmr,fh tem*wf [Gef;oHawGtwGuf..../
2p
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 13
 w&m;jcif;rSm usqHk;cJh olawG
rw&m;jcif;rSm &SifoefaeolawG
"r®rSm arGYavsmfaeolawG
t"r®rSm usufpm;aeolawG
avmuygv opömw&m;[m
ppf&dyfppfaiGY oef;aeqJyJ...

'Dzdeyf[m rif;zdeyfvm;
'Dzdeyf[m ighzdeyfvm;
cGjJ cm;rodEikd cf if
trSefw&m;[m b,fawmhrS usnfrwdk;bl; b0awG[m aovkarsmyg;
trSefw&m;[m aovkarsmyg;
cifAsm;wdkY ypfvdkufwJh usnfqHrSm "r®[m aovkarsmyg;
cifAsm;wdkY twGuf &SifoefvdkrI awGygr,f tJ'Dvdk wdkYb0awG jzpfxGef;cJhMuw,f.../
cifAsm;wdkY twGuf zHk;uG,fjcif;awGygr,f bk&m;a[mawG rSm;cJhNyDvm;
cifAsm;wdkY twGuf t0dZÆm tarSmifawGygr,f w&m;oabmawG aumcJhNyDvm;
cifAsm;wdkY twGuf 0#fa<u;awG ygr,f rrQwrIrSm aeYnruGJawmhwJh
'gawGtm;vHk;[m usnfxJxnfhxm;wJh jynfolawG uRwfusefcJhwJh zdeyfawG[m
,rf;rIeaYf wGy.J .. aoG;pGef;aewJh trSefw&m;awGvm;...

14 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
,rf;aiGY wa0a0jzpfaewJh tem*wf[m
cifAsm;wdkYtay: jyefvmr,fh tukodkvfvdkPfoHawGyJ
tm;vHk;tajy;tvTm; tm;vHk;tarmwaum
tm;vHk;twHk;t½kH; w&m;udkapmifhwJh ewfawG[m
b,folawGvJ???
cifAsm;wdkY tusOf;csxm;wJh
trSefw&m;awG[m 'ku©opömtwGuf
b,fawmhrS trQra0bl;
b,fvkdvJ...
trSefudk trSefcsif;
&efudk &efcsif;
vSHudk vSHcsif; wHkUESif;&r,fqdkvnf; pdefac:vdkuf
trSefw&m;[m b,fawmhrS usnfrwdk;bl;..../

rif;xuf
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 15
 NrdKUykef;nrsm;
rsufvHk;u zspfn§pfxm;&w,f
tvdkufrodwJh em; ydwfxm;vdkY r&bl;...
qdkifu,foH w'kwf'kwfrSm
,kefoli,fvdk &ifcGifivsifwvIyfvIyf
ikwfwkwfrdk;vif;&aygif; renf;awmhbl;.../

woufvHk;vdr®mcJhwJh ararhom;BuD;
ckawmh....rrdkufrJygbJ z,fusOfcH&....
oHo,[m touf½SLoHvdk
vleJYwom;wnf; vl;vm;cwfvdkY

azazajymwJh ol&Jaumif;yHkjyifawG
vlawGu em;axmifvdkY raumif;awmhbl;wJh...
ajymif;oGm;wmvm; a[mif;oGm;wmvm; rodayr,fh
acwfuanmif;aewmawmh aocsmw,f.../

16 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
ajccif;vufcif;qefzY aYkd v;awmif
rdk;av0o raumif;cJhbl;av....
bmawGjzpfjzpfygav...
wcgwav npfvdkYxGufwJh pum;yg
tazhom; tm;raysmhygbl;As....
tarhom; ZGJravSsmhygbl;As...
xkwf&G,fNyD;om; tdyfruf"m;
aoG;raomuf&bJ tdrfrjyefvmbl;
pdwfcsxm;..../

rdC
k ;f aoG;
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 17
 wuf<uolwdkYpdwf
oli,fcsif;....
Activist qdkwm
ol&Jaumif;jzpfcsifwJh ol r[kwfbl;
rrQwrIawG rQwatmifvdkY
t½dk;cHpdwfeJY vkyfMuolawG...
tqdk;jrifwJh twåorm; r[kwfbl;
tmPm½l;awG&Jh zdESdyfrIudk
jynfoludk,fpm; wGef;vSefay;aeolawG...
rdu
k ½f ;l &Jr[kwb
f ;l
trSm;ruif;wJh b0rSm udk,fhtrSm;udk jyifqifzdkY
yxrqHk; oHk;oyfcJholawG....

18 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
*dkPf;*PpGJ r&Sdbl;
twdwf
ypöKyÜef
tem*wfawGudk
tjyeftvSef xGef;n§d
oDtdk&D topfeJY
azmufxGuf&JolawG
txl;ojzifh
udk,fhtem*wfudk
udk,fhbmom zefwD;
vGwfvyf w&m;rQwwJh
vlyDocsifolawG[m
igwdkY Activist awGyJ .../
&Si;f oefY
■

rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 19
 taz.....
om;u vlrdkufr[kwfygbl; taz
taz....
om;u vlqdk;vnf; r[kwfygbl; taz
'gayr,fh taz&,f
jrifomwJY trSefw&m;twGufawmh
pum;vHk;av;eJYyJjzpfjzpf pm;vHk;av;awGeJYyJjzpfjzpf
a&;jcpfcsifwJh vli,fqdkawmh
'DvdktjzpfrsdK;awmh BuHKvmrSmayghaemf/ /
,HkMunfcsuftwGuf
tusOf;cscHae&olrsm;odkY nDav;......
tudku vlrdkufr[kwfygbl; nDav;
tar ... nDav;.....
om;u vlrdkufr[kwfygbl; tar tudku vlqdk;vnf;r[kwfygbl; nDav;
tar 'gayr,fh nDav;&,f
om;u vlqdk;vnf;r[kwfygbl; tar pepfysufxJrSm ppfuRefjzpfcJh&wJh tudkwdkYvdk
'gayr,fh tar&,f nDav;udk
acwfqdk;xJrSm &pfZfrsdK;rjzpfcsifwJh vli,fqdkawmh xyfErHG epfapcsifawmh
'DvdktjzpfrsdK;awmh BuHKvmrSmayghaemf.../ 'Dvdk tjzpfrsdK;awG BuHKvmrSmayghaemf/ /

20 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
 cspfol....
udku vlrdkufr[kwfygbl; cspfol
cspfol.....
udku vlqdk;vnf;r[kwfygbl; cspfol
zGifhvSpfcsifwJh pmrsufESmopfrSm
tusdK;tjypfudk &J&J0Hh0Hh[pfa<u;
{&m0wDudk ysdKrspfjcif;aw;eJY BudKcsifawmh
'DvdktjzpfrsdK;awmh BuHKrSmayghaemf/
zm;u ajrGudk rsdK&ifrsdKr,f
trSm;u trSefw&m;udk rNzdKEdkifygbl;
uRefawmfu 'Dvdk,HkMunfrIawGeJY
trSm;atmufrSm trSefydkufNyD; 'l;raxmufcsifcJhol
'gaMumifh ...
cGJcGmcJh&w,f tarh&ifcGifxJuae
uGJuGmcJh&w,f tazh&Jh qHk;rwJh pum;oHawGuae
vGJoGm;&w,f nDav;&Jh ausmif;BudKcsdefav;uae
vGr;f umae&w,fcspfo&l UJ vufz0g;av;uae
wefvdkYvm;uGm qdkwJh pum;awGudk
tcgcg acgif;ndwf&if;
tcgcg acgif;armh vdkuf&if;.../
vdk&if;om ajym qdk&ifawmh
udk,fcsif;pmwwfwJh oabmav;ygyJ
oH w d k i f t jyif b uf u tusOf ; om;rsm;twG u f
BudK;pm;cJw h hJ
oHwikd t f wGi;f u ,HMk unfcsuftwGuf tusOf;usolrsm;
'Dpum;tm; &ifbwfeJY em;axmifMuyg
jyefvmr,fqdkwJh ,HkMunfrIeJY arQmfaeaom
azaz...arar...nDav;...cspfol
usaemfwdkYeJY b0wlawG trsm;BuD;yg.........../
pDtdkwD
■
rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 21
 &mpkopf&JY ol&Jaumif;awG

aoG;aMumifNyD; ab;ra&Smifbl;
acG;a[mifvdkYvnf; xGufajy;r,frxifeJY....
qufa&;w,f....
igwdkY ordkif;udk qufa&;r,f
tauG;rcHb;l ...
taqG;rcHb;l ...
tmPm&Sif&Jh em;&GufwHawG;wufqGwfzdkY rwGefYcJhbl;....

'Dvdk...igwdkY ½l;oGyfypfcJh
igwdkY aewJh igwdkY ajrtwGuf
½l;oGyfcJh....igwdkY ½l;oGyfcJh
vlYb0 pifppfawG twGuf
touf&Sifjcif; ppfppfudk...½l;oGyfcJh
½l;oGyfcJh... igwdkY ½l;oGyfcJh
igwdkYvGwfajrmufzdkY twGuf
½l;½l;rl;rl;udk ½l;oGyfcJhMu...

22 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
igwdkY b0udk igwdkYcspfcJhMuayw,f...
igwdkY ajrtwGuf igwdkY aMurGygapaygh/

wdkYb0awG 'Dvdk&if;ypfvdkufw,f
vmMuprf;...
vmMuprf;...
taMumufw&m;udk acsmufurf;yg;xJ uefcs
igwdkY aoG;u eDygw,fuG.../

usnfqefawGvm;...
[m;;;;;....[m;;;;;;;;
usnfqefawGwJhvm;uGm
&,foHeJYwif tEdkifydkif;jyzdkY
'DrSm 'kef;pdkif;vkdY csDvmMuNyDav...
rsdK;qufvIdif;awG rsdK;qufvIdif;wHydk;awG
tdyfruf½dkif;udk &ifeJYxrf;ydk;
rdpämwHwdkif;udkzsufcsdK;ypfawmhr,f/ /

rdC
k ;f aoG;
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rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 23
 rsdK;qufvIdif;

cifAsm;u GW vdkYajym&if
usaemfu vli,fvdkY ajymr,f
cifAsm;u 'Drdkua&pDvdkY ajym&if
usaemfu jynfolvlxk vGwfajrmufa&;
'Dpum;vHk;awG em;xJrSmrarhbl;
olajymcJhwm pl;aew,f/

Nidrf;csrf;a&;twGuf vli,fawG
ordkif;udka&;w,f...
rsdK;qufopftwGuf rsdK;qufvIdif;awG
wHwdkif;udk ½dkufufcsdK;w,f
'g[m rsdK;qufvIdif;jzpfw,f.../

24 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
igwdkY[m rsdK;quf&Jh vIdif;awGjzpfw,f.
aoG;acwfxJrSm igwdkY aqG;npfraecJhbl;
aoG;acwfxJrSm igwdkY ab;vnf;rvpfcJhbl;
aoG;acwfxJrSm igwdkY acG;jzpfrcHEdkifbl;
ta0;BuD;xd MunfhjrifwJh...
tawG;opf &Sdw,f/

qwfceJ ar;&if 'ufceJ ajzr,f

aumufceJ ar;&if a'gufceJ ajzr,f
wa&;Edk; xa,mifawmif igwdkY odw,f
ck igwdkY ay;qyfjyaewmu
tem*wfopftwGuf t&if;tESD;awG...../

rdC
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rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 25
 aMumufacwf

Edkifolpm;pwrf; b0
bmrsm; jcm;em;Muao;vJ
urÇmOD; t½dkif;tpdkif; umvawGeJY
igwdkY udk,fwdkifr½kef;EdkifbJ a&Smifaeoa&GUawmh
b,folu ykcHk;vmxdk;ay;rwJhwkef;
pdwful;,OfcJhMuwmawGvnf;
aemufausmu "m; pyg;usDudk xdk;cGJoGm;wmawmif
igwdkY tdyfrufu rEdk;EdkifMuao;.../

26 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
wjznf;jznf;eJJU
uav;awGvnf; acG;qGJcH&vdkY ukefvkNyD
wu,fh owådcJawGu tif;pdefwdkufxJ rl;arhaeqJ
tdkb,fh....
wwfodawGuvnf;
tESpf ESpfq,fvHk; Zmwfnd§ae&qJ
b,frSmvJ....
b,frSm&Sm&rvJ
tarSmifacwfudk NzdKcGJr,fh
taMumufw&m;uif;wJh rD;'kwfawG
cGyfa'gif;arG;vdkuf acG;pm;vdkufeJU
aemufxyfvdkufr,fh ajcvSrf;awGcrsm
vQyfrJh a&Smh½dkufcHae&
'DrSm......
igwdkY aMumufaeMu&yHkrsm;av ...

rdC
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rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 27
 twåm[d twåaememaxm
vnfyif;rdk;xdatmif arQmfae&
b,folursm; vmu,fEdk;eJU
0ifvmMuw,f......
NyD;awmh jyefxGufoGm;Muayhg...
'Dtqdyfoifh zkef;qdk;ajrudkav..../
igwdkYES,f....
rwfwufx&yfvdkuf½kHeJU NyD;r,fh[mudk
aemufusEdkifvGef;wJh ajcaxmufawG
uRefeHYu ckxd raysmufcsifao;.../
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28 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
 aysmufqHk;jcif;
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rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 29
 reufcif;&JY oDcsif;
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30 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;
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rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm; 31
32 rsdK;qufvIdif;uAsmpmpkrsm;