Betrayal of East Pakistan

By: Lieutenant General A. A. K. Niazi

Presented by:

Adnan Ijaz M08MBA071

Aqdus Javed M08MBA075

 About the Author

Lt. Gen. Amir Abdullah Khan Niazi

(1915 - 2 February 2004)
 About the Author
• Born to a family in the Punjab Province.

• Enlisted in Indian Army as Junior Officer.

• He was given a nickname “Tiger” during the second

World War.

• He joined Pakistani Army after partition.

 1965 War

1965 War of Badiyana, Niazi commanding the 14 Para Brigade

 About the Author
He was awarded:

• Military Cross

• Hilal-e-Jurat twice

• Sitara-e-Pakistan

• Sitara-e-Khidmat

• Total 24 medals
Relation between East and west
Pakistan

Sheikh Mujeeb Bhutoo

 Relation between East and west
Pakistan
• Religion, the only common thing

• Geographical and Cultural differences

• Influence of Hindus

• National Language dispute

• Flood in East Pakistan

 Relation between East and west
Pakistan
• Election of 1970

• Delay in National Assembly Session

• Killing of thousands of West Pakistani’s in Dhaka

 Relation between East and west
Pakistan
• 23 March, Mujeeb flagged the Bangladesh flag

• 25 March, Military operation

• Mukti Bahni
 Mukti Bahni
• It was the aggregate of those people who started the
Liberation War of Bangladesh

• It’s total strength was 287,000

• 50,000 Indian Army soldiers

• They had full guidance and support of Indian Army

• Guerrilla attacks of them were proved very

destructive for Pak Army
Niazi as a commander of
East Pakistan
 Niazi as a commander of
East Pakistan
• He took charge on 10 April, 1971

• The mission was to not allow India and traitors to

declare any area of East Pakistan as Bangladesh

• Pakistan army attacked Mukti Bahni, they start

running India

• Indian regrouped Mukti Bahni

• Indian Army was also fighting with them

 Eastern Command
• Total 3 division

• 2 were not equipped with tank and artillery

• Total strength was 45,000 including civil armed

forces, police and mujahedeen

• One squadron of Air force was available at Dhaka

• 4 ships of Pak Navy which had to secure 500

kilometers area of rivers and sea.
 War Plan
• Overall war plan was that “the War of east Pakistan
will be fought in West Pakistan”

• The Eastern Pak Army had to defend only

• Both strategies failed due to rough attitude of GHQ

and political leadership including president

• Army fights was continue from 8 months and

promised to send fresh troops was not fulfilled by
GHQ
 Eid Day and Indian Attack
• On 21st November 1971, Indian Army attacked East
Pakistan. It was the day of Eid and Pakistan Army
was also expecting an attack due to intelligence
reports.

• Misconception among writers about the date of war

• Niazi raised question, why West Command did not

attaked India
 Pakistan Attack on India
• On the 3rd of December, Pakistan High
Command passed order to attack on India.
• India declared the attack as a full scale war and
respond with full power.
• The situation become critical for Eastern Command
which did not have large air force and navy to absorb
the Indian full power attacks.
• GHQ gave another mission
to Eastern Command which
was to keep as much troops
of enemy busy as possible to
stop them moving from East
to West front.
Main Battles of East Pakistan
Main Battles of East Pakistan
Main Battles of East Pakistan
Main Battles of East Pakistan
Major Mohammad Akram Shaheed
• He was awarded Nishan-e-Haider due to his
braveness in Hili area.

Major Mohammad Akram Shaheed

 Destruction of Submarine Gazi
• According to Niazi, it went to deep sea for attack and
failed to return upward.

Pakistan's PNS Ghazi

Protesting Against Pak Army
During 1971 War
 Separation of East Pakistan
• Blame on Bhutoo
• Wrong use of authority by Governar’s advisor (Maj.
Farman)
• 10 Dec. was the worse day in Pak history when
Farman send message to united nation without any
approval.
• On 10th Dec. Niazi also received message from
COAS, regarding lay down the arms.
• On 13th Dec. Niazi send message to GHQ and told
them his strategy “Last man, last round”
• Niazi received message on the same day, even within
some hours by COAS that he should obey the orders
and do took all necessary steps to stop the war.
 Separation of East Pakistan
• Gen. Niazi’s letter to Indian chief

• Indian Army chief replied to surrender

Surrender
Surrender
 Return to Pakistan
• Niazi and others spent 28 months in Indian jail, they
came back to Pakistan on 30th April 1974 through
train on Wahga station, Lahore.

• They were hundred and thousands of people were

there to receive Niazi
 Hamdur-Rehman Commission
• Background of Hamd-u-Rehman Commission
• Criticism by Niazi on commission
• Under Bhutoo’s influence
• No independent judiciary
• Many important events are missed
• GHQ didn’t give assistance to Niazi
 Hamdur-Rehman Commission
• Main queries raised by Commission
1. Why he didn’t transferred his army
to Burma
2. Separate analysis of East and West
war sector
3. Commission wrong estimates
4. Protecting Tikka and Bhutoo
5. According to commission poor
deployment in East Pakistan
6. Allegation put on Niazi by
commission regarding surrender