Look at the following table:
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The table illustrates thefigures since 1973.
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In 1950, the exchange ratewas Rs. 4.7619 against Rs47.61 today - 90%devaluation
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In other words, the Indiancommodities were sold outalmost free of cost.
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Vital commodities like Oiland coal were priced almost100% higher raising petrol,diesel, fertilizer,transportation, electricity,cooking gas, kerosene andATF for airlines.
How India imports inflation by devaluing Indian Rupee?
1.Most of the commodity prices are denominated in US Dollar. After years of paper tradingthrough derivatives to lower the commodity prices, the financial crisis brought them to halt,and in fact they have started surging. The continued devaluation or proactive suppression of appreciation of rupee by RBI intervention, what they call “sterilization operation”, the highercommodity prices in the international market translate into higher prices in Indian rupee.This forces the local producers of those commodities to raise the prices, resulting into higherthan expected inflation.a.
EXAMPLE 1
: if steel or metal prices rise in international market in USD terms, the effectis felt more in rupee terms due to weaker rupee. As result, the local producers raise theprices. The real estate prices also rise due to higher input of these commodities such assteel, cement, copper and aluminum.b.
SEBI’s Role in flaring up inflation
: SEBI introduced the futures and options incommodities at most inopportune time. Most of the commodity contracts are “nondelivery based” and “cash settled” in rupee terms (what they call “badla”). For instance,a contract of commodity A (say, steel, sugar, corn or soyabean) is cash settled withoutany delivery. A speculator is encouraged to “paper trade’ and bid up the prices on theMCX with the hope to settling the trade on “difference” basis on settlement date. Due tohigher paper prices of such commodities, the physical market too gets fillip to get higherresulting in higher inflation. These commodities are of daily necessities and form largepart of inflation index.c.
RBI’s role in propping up inflation
: RBI too promotes inflation by deliberatelydevaluing the rupee or restraining its natural rise.i.When the foreign funds bring in the dollars and try to buy in advance Rupee fromthe free market, the RBI restrains them and give them better “off market rates” to avoid their buying rupee from local markets. As result, the Rupee that shouldhave gone higher due to foreign funds inflow, turns lower or remains stable at themost.ii.RBI’s so called “sterilization measure” interfering in free market mechanismrestrains the Rupee appreciation that causes inflation by letting dollardenominated commodity prices quoted higher in rupee terms. It encouragesspeculators to engage into non deliverable commodity contracts with passiveparticipation of SEBI, that causes the local markets to boost those commodityprices, resulting in double digit inflation.2.
Oil Prices - major inflationary factor encouraged by RBI:
Large part of the India’simport is due to higher oil prices. When the oil prices rose by 100% in $ terms, and Euroalso rose by 90% (from 0.84 to 1.60 sometime back), the effective rise in oil prices in localcurrency (euro) in euro zone was significantly subdued resulting in low inflation and also lowinterest rates.a.However in India, due to RBI’s reckless policy of intervention in the name of sterilization,caused Rupee to fall from Rs 39 (during BJP time) to Rs 48 at present (devalued by RBIunder Congress government by 23%). The rise in oil prices were inflated more by 23% inrupee terms, necessitating in higher Petroleum subsidy running into Rs 200,000 crores inlast 4 years.
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