Professional Documents
Culture Documents
The
CONSTITUTION
of the United States
27–996 27–996
27-996 (Inside Covers 2&3) 8/1/06 3:14 PM Page 1 (PANTONE 288 C plate)
John Marshall
Jk. 2 7 – 9 9 6 —Cooper, F.W.—Tues., Aug. 1, 2006—JOBS: H; HOUSE DOCUMENT 108–96—FILE: 2 7 – 9 9 6 (INSIDE COVERS 2 & 3 )
27-996 Constitution 8/3/06 3:20 PM Page 1
SENATE HOUSE
TRENT LOTT, Mississippi VERNON J. EHLERS, Michigan
Chairman Vice Chairman
THAD COCHRAN, Mississippi JOHN DOOLITTLE, California
SAXBY CHAMBLISS, Georgia THOMAS REYNOLDS, New York
DANIEL K. INOUYE, Hawaii JUANITA MILLENDER-MCDONALD,
MARK DAYTON, Minnesota California
Ranking Minority Member
ROBERT BRADY, Pennsylvania
The CONSTITUTION
of the United States
with Index and
The Declaration of Independence
Article. I.
Section. 1. All legislative Powers herein
granted shall be vested in a Congress of the United
States, which shall consist of a Senate and House
of Representatives.
Section. 2. The House of Representatives shall
be composed of Members chosen every second
Year by the People of the several States, and the
Electors in each State shall have the Qualifications
requisite for Electors of the most numerous Branch
of the State Legislature.
No Person shall be a Representative who shall
not have attained to the Age of twenty five Years,
and been seven Years a Citizen of the United
States, and who shall not, when elected, be an
Inhabitant of that State in which he shall be chosen.
[Representatives and direct Taxes shall be
apportioned among the several States which may
be included within this Union, according to their
respective Numbers, which shall be determined
by adding to the whole Number of free Persons,
including those bound to Service for a Term of
Years, and excluding Indians not taxed, three fifths
of all other Persons.]* The actual Enumeration
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Article. II.
Section. 1. The executive Power shall be
vested in a President of the United States of
America. He shall hold his Office during the Term
of four Years, and, together with the Vice President,
chosen for the same Term, be elected, as follows
Each State shall appoint, in such Manner as
the Legislature thereof may direct, a Number of
Electors, equal to the whole Number of Senators
and Representatives to which the State may be
entitled in the Congress: but no Senator or
Representative, or Person holding an Office of
Trust or Profit under the United States, shall be
appointed an Elector.
[The Electors shall meet in their respective
States, and vote by Ballot for two Persons, of whom
one at least shall not be an Inhabitant of the same
State with themselves. And they shall make a List
of all the Persons voted for, and of the Number of
Votes for each; which List they shall sign and cer-
tify, and transmit sealed to the Seat of the Govern-
ment of the United States, directed to the President
of the Senate. The President of the Senate shall,
in the Presence of the Senate and House of
Representatives, open all the Certificates, and the
Votes shall then be counted. The Person having the
greatest Number of Votes shall be the President,
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Article. III.
Section. 1. The judicial Power of the United
States, shall be vested in one supreme Court, and
in such inferior Courts as the Congress may from
time to time ordain and establish. The Judges, both
of the supreme and inferior Courts, shall hold
their Offices during good Behaviour, and shall, at
stated Times, receive for their Services, a Compen-
sation, which shall not be diminished during their
Continuance in Office.
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Article. IV.
Article. V.
The Congress, whenever two thirds of both
Houses shall deem it necessary, shall propose
Amendments to this Constitution, or, on the
Application of the Legislatures of two thirds of the
several States, shall call a Convention for proposing
Amendments, which, in either Case, shall be valid
to all Intents and Purposes, as Part of this
Constitution, when ratified by the Legislatures of
three fourths of the several States, or by Conven-
tions in three fourths thereof, as the one or the
other Mode of Ratification may be proposed by the
Congress; Provided that no Amendment which
may be made prior to the Year One thousand eight
hundred and eight shall in any Manner affect the
first and fourth Clauses in the Ninth Section of the
first Article; and that no State, without its Consent,
shall be deprived of it’s equal Suffrage in the
Senate.
Article. VI.
All Debts contracted and Engagements entered
into, before the Adoption of this Constitution, shall
be as valid against the United States under this
Constitution, as under the Confederation.
This Constitution, and the Laws of the United
States which shall be made in Pursuance thereof;
and all Treaties made, or which shall be made,
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Article. VII.
The Ratification of the Conventions of nine
States, shall be sufficient for the Establishment of
this Constitution between the States so ratifying
the Same.
done in Convention by the Unanimous Con-
sent of the States present the Seventeenth Day of
September in the Year of our Lord one thousand
seven hundred and Eighty seven and of the
Independence of the United States of America the
Twelfth In Witness whereof We have hereunto
subscribed our Names,
G.° Washington—Presid.t
and deputy from Virginia
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In Convention Monday
September 17th 1787.
Present
The States of
Resolved,
That the preceeding Constitution be laid
before the United States in Congress assembled,
and that it is the Opinion of this Convention, that it
should afterwards be submitted to a Convention
of Delegates, chosen in each State by the People
thereof, under the Recommendation of its Legis-
lature, for their Assent and Ratification; and that
each Convention assenting to, and ratifying the
Same, should give Notice thereof to the United
States in Congress assembled. Resolved, That it
is the Opinion of this Convention, that as soon as
the Conventions of nine States shall have ratified
this Constitution, the United States in Congress
assembled should fix a Day on which Electors
should be appointed by the States which shall have
ratified the same, and a Day on which the
Electors should assemble to vote for the President,
and the Time and Place for commencing
Proceedings under this Constitution.
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G.° WASHINGTON—Presidt.
W. JACKSON Secretary.
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ATTEST,
JOHN BECKLEY, Clerk of the House of Representatives.
SAM. A. OTIS, Secretary of the Senate.
AMENDMENTS
TO THE CONSTITUTION
OF THE
UNITED STATES OF AMERICA
Amendment I.*
Amendment II.
Amendment III.
Amendment IV.
Amendment V.
Amendment VI.
Amendment VII.
Amendment VIII.
Amendment IX.
Amendment X.
Amendment XI.*
Amendment XII.*
Amendment XIII.**
Section 1. Neither slavery nor involuntary
servitude, except as a punishment for crime
whereof the party shall have been duly convicted,
shall exist within the United States, or any place
subject to their jurisdiction.
Section 2. Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Amendment XIV.***
Section 1. All persons born or naturalized in
the United States and subject to the jurisdiction
thereof, are citizens of the United States and of the
State wherein they reside. No State shall make or
enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges
Amendment XV.*
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United
States to vote shall not be denied or abridged by
the United States or by any State on account of
race, color, or previous condition of servitude.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Amendment XVI.**
The Congress shall have power to lay and
collect taxes on incomes, from whatever source
derived, without apportionment among the
several States, and without regard to any census or
enumeration.
Amendment XVII.***
The Senate of the United States shall be com-
posed of two Senators from each State, elected by
the people thereof, for six years; and each Sena-
tor shall have one vote. The electors in each State
shall have the qualifications requisite for electors
Amendment XVIII.*
Amendment XIX.*
The right of citizens of the United States to vote
shall not be denied or abridged by the United
States or by any State on account of sex.
Congress shall have power to enforce this
article by appropriate legislation.
Amendment XX.**
Section 1. The terms of the President and Vice
President shall end at noon on the 20th day of
January, and the terms of Senators and Represent-
atives at noon on the 3d day of January, of the years
in which such terms would have ended if this
article had not been ratified; and the terms of their
successors shall then begin.
Section 2. The Congress shall assemble at least
once in every year, and such meeting shall begin
at noon on the 3d day of January, unless they shall
by law appoint a different day.
Section 3. If, at the time fixed for the begin-
ning of the term of the President, the President
elect shall have died, the Vice President elect shall
become President. If a President shall not have
been chosen before the time fixed for the begin-
ning of his term, or if the President elect shall have
failed to qualify, then the Vice President elect shall
act as President until a President shall have quali-
fied; and the Congress may by law provide for the
case wherein neither a President elect nor a Vice
President elect shall have qualified, declaring who
shall then act as President, or the manner in
which one who is to act shall be selected, and such
*The Nineteenth Amendment was ratified August 18,
1920.
**The Twentieth Amendment was ratified January 23,
1933.
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Amendment XXI.*
Section 1. The eighteenth article of amend-
ment to the Constitution of the United States is
hereby repealed.
Section 2. The transportation or importa-
tion into any State, Territory, or possession of the
United States for delivery or use therein of intox-
icating liquors, in violation of the laws thereof, is
hereby prohibited.
Section 3. This article shall be inoperative
unless it shall have been ratified as an amendment
to the Constitution by conventions in the several
States, as provided in the Constitution, within
seven years from the date of the submission hereof
to the States by the Congress.
Amendment XXII.*
Section 1. No person shall be elected to the
office of the President more than twice, and no per-
son who has held the office of President, or acted
as President, for more than two years of a term to
which some other person was elected President
shall be elected to the office of the President more
than once. But this Article shall not apply to any
person holding the office of President when this
Article was proposed by the Congress, and shall
not prevent any person who may be holding the
office of President, or acting as President, during
the term within which this Article becomes oper-
ative from holding the office of President or act-
ing as President during the remainder of such
term.
Section 2. This article shall be inoperative un-
less it shall have been ratified as an amendment
to the Constitution by the legislatures of three-
fourths of the several States within seven years
from the date of its submission to the States by the
Congress.
Amendment XXIII.**
Section 1. The District constituting the seat of
Government of the United States shall appoint in
such manner as the Congress may direct:
A number of electors of President and Vice
President equal to the whole number of Senators
and Representatives in Congress to which the Dis-
trict would be entitled if it were a State, but in no
event more than the least populous State; they
shall be in addition to those appointed by the
Amendment XXIV.*
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United
States to vote in any primary or other election for
President or Vice President, for electors for Presi-
dent or Vice President, or for Senator or Represen-
tative in Congress, shall not be denied or abridged
by the United States or any State by reason of
failure to pay any poll tax or other tax.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Amendment XXV.**
Section 1. In case of the removal of the Presi-
dent from office or of his death or resignation, the
Vice President shall become President.
Section 2. Whenever there is a vacancy in the
office of the Vice President, the President shall
nominate a Vice President who shall take office
upon confirmation by a majority vote of both
Houses of Congress.
Section 3. Whenever the President transmits
to the President pro tempore of the Senate and the
Speaker of the House of Representatives his writ-
Amendment XXVI.*
Section 1. The right of citizens of the United
States, who are eighteen years of age or older, to
vote shall not be denied or abridged by the United
States or by any State on account of age.
Section 2. The Congress shall have power to
enforce this article by appropriate legislation.
Amendment XXVII.**
No law, varying the compensation for the
services of the Senators and Representatives, shall
take effect, until an election of Representatives
shall have intervened.
Appendix
THE DECLARATION OF
INDEPENDENCE
Action of Second Continental Congress, July 4, 1776
The unanimous Declaration of the thirteen United States of America
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DATES TO REMEMBER
May 25, 1787: The Constitutional Convention opens
with a quorum of seven states in Philadelphia to dis-
cuss revising the Articles of Confederation. Eventu-
ally all states but Rhode Island are represented.
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John Marshall
Jk. 2 7 – 9 9 6 —Cooper, F.W.—Tues., Aug. 1, 2006—JOBS: H; HOUSE DOCUMENT 108–96—FILE: 2 7 – 9 9 6 (INSIDE COVERS 2 & 3 )