HR Project On Employee Welfare and Measures

A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES
INDUSTRY PROFILE
ABOUT THE INDUSTRY
India in 1994 has become the 4th largest producer of cement in the world .This
impressive record owes its origin to the progressive policies of the government since late
70’s and enabled on assured 12% post tax return on Net worth (77).The economic
reforms of July ’91 gave a further fillip by abolishing the licensing system for setting up
cement plants. Since then innumerable technological development took place in cement
production enabling cost reduction and mass production. The wet kilns of the late 70’s
were replaced by dry kilns which reduced the fuel cost by 30% thermal efficiency was
improved by installing pre-heaters, followed by the addition of pre-ealcinators. Optimal
usage of fuel and power we achieved through computerization and quality control of raw
materials.
In a developing country like India the requirement of housing and so the demand
elasticity of cement with respect to G.D.P. of 1.6% is also high.
By comparing the per capita consumption consumption and consumption density

(D) of India with rest of the world, the latent demand for cement can be estimated at
77Kg for India and 240Kg for the rest of the world.
The cement sector has recorded an impressive increase in production capacities.

The production has grown up by 9.5% over the previous years to 76.22 million tones. The
consumption, on The other hand, has logged behind having grown by 7.9% over the
previous year to 67.93 million tones. Capacity utilization has been 81% for the large
plants. Thus, even at the end 98-99 there was an excess capacity by about 27 million
tones. (Comparing total capacity and demand).
SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 1

The current financial year is expected to add 10 million tones further. Production
for the full year to be expected to be raised by 10-12%. Of this, south is to be the
maximum gainer with around 10% growth.
The cement industry witnessed a contraction. In operating profit margins

nationally. In the year ended March’97 due to a slowdown in demand growth rate, higher
supplies for new commission capacitates and cost increases. Housing sector is yielding a
minimum cement demand growth rate, of 6%.
The Rakesh Mohan committee has forecast the investment outlays on

infrastructure to rise to 4000-4500billion rupees over the next 5 years. Beyond 2003-
2004, these requirements would be in the range of 7500 billion rupees. The industrial
growth rate too is expected to rise from 8 to 8.5% in the past 10-12%.
The per capital consumption is expected to touch 85Kg by 2004 by possibly 13Kg
in 2012. If the present growth trend continues. To achieve even 75% of world average on
investment of 40,000 Crores rupees on plants besides additional investment of same order
on adequate infrastructure will be required over 10-15years. The demand by 2012 is
placed at 140 million -150 million tons in the wake of the industrial and economic growth
unleashed by the liberalization process. The growth prospects of the industry are thus
assured.
India’s Stand in the world
India is the 4th largest cement producer worldwide, following china, Japan and
U.S.A. India’s percaptia consumption is only 78Kg as compared to the world average of
251 Kg by the turn of the century. India’s capacity is expected to crores 100 million
tones. The Industry has 59 companies owning 115 plants. In the matter of exports, the
Government considers cement as an extreme focus area.

However, Industry experts comment that exports are mainly for keeping a check
on the domestic prices, which get adversely affected due to exam production. In the
global market. India cement is not very competitive due to high power and fuel costs. In
order to improve its position in the International market, technological up gradation is
essential in terms of process, product diversification, cost reduction quality control and
energy savings.
CEMENT INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS
The Indian cement industry has high Return on Investment. There exists a large
markers which are not yet been completely tapped. With the existing levels of supply and
growing demand the prices tend to rise. But the industry being a fast growing one, many
players are attracted. Every year new capacities are added raising the supply, price
stability is thus maintained and the high profits are observed by new entrants.
The per capital consumption of manufacture commodities like steel, power and
cement ate indicators of the economic state of a country. Of the total output nearly 95% is
accounted for only 90%, while the Government sector accounts for 10%. The housing
activity accounts for 55% of total consumption. Nearly 47% of the total costs, most of
which are administrated prices are beyond the control of cement units. The cost elements
include limestone, coal, transport freight, power consumption and excise duty.
Production and Consumption Pattern of Cement
In the case of cement production regional imbalances continue. Cement plants are
generally put up where limestone id available. This because, to produce 1 tons of cement
1 ½ tones of limestone is required. Also it is easier to transport cement than limestone.
Cement is mainly produced in the Western and Southern regions. Hence, only half
of the cement produced is consumed within the region. Cement is usually transported
from south to west is the most surplus region. Although, west is a surplus regions, cement

is transported from southern regions which are close to the consumption and excise duty.
The destination of cement transport is mainly dependent on mode of transport available
and the transportation cost incurred.
CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS
In wet process, limestone is crushed and grounded and mixed with water to form
slurry which is fed in to the kiln. The slurry has a water content of 30-40%. Before the
mineralogical process commence, the water content in the slurry has to be evaporated.
This process consumes high energy and power.
On the other hand, the dry process is more energy efficient. The raw materials are
dried in a combined drying and grinding plant to reduce the moisture content to less than
1%.
Due to regular shifts from wet and semi-dry process nearly 89% of the total
industries kiln capacity is at dry process. Of the remaining, 9% is wet process and 2% is
semi-dry process. The main advantage of shifting to any process is the 50% saving of
coal consumption. The energy costs reduce by 30-40% and the kiln output also increases
for a given size kiln, the output for dry process is 250-300/- as compared to 130-150/- for
semi-dry and 100% for wet process. The capacity utilization is also higher for dry process
plants.
CEMENT BRANDING
Cement has emerged as a commodity product. Brands play important role

especially in metros like Delhi, Mumbai, Calcutta, etc, where the established brands
suppress the success of smaller brands. Companies have tie-ups with real estate agents
and construction companies. Some manufacturers also organize work ships, training and
seminars to educate the consumers on the maximum use of a bag full of cement.

COMPANY PROFILE
Lanco industries limited (LIL) was promoted by Lanco Group in 1992 in Chittoor
District. A.P LIL setup as a Mini Blast Furnace (MBF) in 1994 with a capacity of 90000
TPA to manufacture and sell Pig Iron to the customers and foundry units across India. In
1998. LIL entered into an agreement to supply Molten Iron and pig Iron to Lanco, Sri
Kalahasthi Castings Limited (LKCL) a company within the same campus engaged in the
business of Iron castings & forging. LKCL later on added high technology Ductile Iron
Pipes (DIP) manufacturing facilities to its portfolio. In March 2002 India’s leading DI
Pipes manufacturer, Electro steel Castings Limited (ECL) entered into a strategic alliance
with LIL and LKCL by acquiring 46.43 and 48.89 percent stake in the companies
respectively. In addition to technological support, ECL also infused fresh fund into LIL
by way of equity participation and re-modeled the financial structure, thus reducing
interest costs.
In 2003 the capacity of MBF was increased from 90,000 TAP to 1, 50,000 TAP
and the capacity of DI Pipes was increased from 60,000 TAP to 90,000 TAP at capital
outlay of approx. Rs. 35 corers. In 2003 LKCL got merged with LIL ( with effect from
1st April 2003) to take advantage of the close synergy in the business model of the two
companies, since a large part of Pig Iron in liquid form is consumed by LKCL for
manufacture of Pipes. In 2004, 1, 50, 000 TAP Coke Oven Plant was setup at capital
outlay of Rs. 45 corers.
QUALITY POLICY
Lanco Industries Limited aims at maximizing the customer satisfaction by

supplying products of consistent quality with collective participation of Management and
Employees.

TO ACHIEVE THE ABOVE, WE WILL
 Manufacture and supply products as per specifications and standards agreed to

with the customers.
 Continuously strive to improve the quality of the products and process
 Maintain interaction with customers
 Train and motivate employees to achieve the company’s goal.

CHAPTER - 2
INTRODUCTION:
1.1 INTRODUCTION TO THE STUDY
Safety and welfare measures are inevitable to any organization where workers
are involved. An organization‘s responsibility to its employees extends beyond the
payment of wages for their services. The employee’s safety and welfare on and off the
job within the organization is a vital concern of the employer. Providing a safe and
healthy environment is a pre-requisite for any productive effort. This research deals with
the study on the welfare measures provided to the employees at LANCO INDUSTRIES
PVT LTD.
1.1.1 Problem Idenfication
Unlike other industries, the employees of the Lanco are often exposed to
different and new which they may not have been familiar with earlier. The employees
have to deal huge machinery. The unfamiliarity in the nature of materials they handle and
the danger involved I handling them make the employees prone to higher degree of risk.
Satisfying or fulfilling the safety and security needs of the workers,
would give them a better motivation and more time to concentrate on job performance. A
voluntary approach on the part of the management to offer welfare programmes which
are over and above what is laid down by the law would boost the morale of the
employees and motivate them to perform better. A preliminary study conducted by the
researcher with respect to welfare showed that there was scope for improvement in
certain areas. This formed the basis of the research problem.

1.1.2 Objectives of the study
Primary Objective: To study the level of satisfaction of employees regarding welfare

measures at Lanco Industries pvt ltd.
Secondary Objective: To study the perception of the employees regarding the welfare
measures provided to them.
• To analyze if the level of satisfaction is different among the various
categories of employees and departments.
• To suggest provision of more welfare measures to improve the

performance of the employees.
1.1.3 Scope of the study
This study would give an overview of the welfare measures existing at

Lanco industries. Since safety and welfare are two important elements essential for
improving the productivity of an organization, a study on the existing welfare measures
would help the organization perform better. This study would throw light on the
perception of the employees regarding safety and welfare. Lanco industries can identify
the areas where it can improve so as to improve the performance of the employees. This
study would also help to analyze if there is dependence between
1.1.4 Limitations of the study
• The study was restricted to the class III and class IV non ministerial staff
of Lanco industries.
• Due to time constraints the sample size had to be confirmed to 100.
• The respondents have replied to the queries recalling from their memory.
Therefore recall bias and personal bias are possible.
• Since the data was collected using a schedule, the interviewer’s inability to
understand and record the responses correctly is possible.
• The respondents were unable or unwilling to give a complete and accurate
response to certain questions.

1.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE
In 1998 a study was conducted on the welfare measures provided to the

employees of Copt by Ms. N. Sangeetha of Bharathiyar University. This study was
based on the Class I and Class II employees contrary to my project work which focuses
only on the Class III, Class IV non-ministerial staff. This was helpful to me with regard
to the selection of samples and using statistical tools. I have done my research work
independently and both the studies are independent.
Definitions of safety
• The condition of being safe; freedom from danger, risk, or injury.
• The state of being certain that adverse effects will not be caused by some agent
under defined conditions.
• Occupational safety is concerned with risks in areas where people work; offices,
manufacturing plants, farms, construction sites, and commercial and retail
facilities. Public safety is concerned with hazards in the home, in travel and
recreation, and in other situations that do not fall within the scope of occupational
safety.
Definitions of welfare
• Anything done for the intellectual, physical, moral and economic betterment of
the workers, whether by employers, by government or by other agencies, over and
above what is laid down by law or what is normally expected of the contractual
benefits for which workers may have bargained.
• Well-doing or well-being in any respect, the enjoyment of health and the common
blessings of life; exemption from any evil or calamity; prosperity; happiness.

1.2.1 METHODOLY AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

RESEARCH METHODOLY
Research methodology is a way of systematically solving the research

problem. Research methodology deals with the research design used and methods used to
present the study.
1.2.2 Research Design
A research design is a detailed blue print used to guide a research study toward its
objective. The process of designing a research study involves many interrelated
decisions. The most significant decision is the choice of research approach, because it
determines how the information will be obtained. The choice of the research approach
depends on the nature of the research that one wants to do.
The research design adopted for this study is Descriptive Research. Descriptive
method was adopted because it deals with description of the state of affairs as it exists at
present.
Sampling Techniques
The next step in research study after collecting data is the sampling process. When a
decision is made to use the sample, a number of factors must be taken into consideration.
The various steps involved in the sampling process are:
 Identifying target population.

 Determining sample frame.
 Selecting sampling procedure.
 Determine sample size.
 Execute sampling.
 Obtaining information from respondents.
 Generating information for decision making.

The target population in this study was the Class III and Class IV non-
ministerial staff of Lanco.
The sampling technique had to be selected. There are two types of sampling
techniques:
 Probability sampling
 Non-probability sampling
Among the probability sampling, the sampling used in this study was Stratified
sampling.
1.2.3 Stratified Sampling
If the population from which a sample is to be drawn does not constitute a

homogeneous group, then stratified technique is applied so as to obtain a representive
sample. In this technique, the population is stratified into number of non-overlapping sub
populations or strata and sample items are selected from each stratum. If the items
selected from each stratum is based on simple random sampling, the entire procedure,
first stratification and then simple random sampling is known as stratified sampling. The
stratified sampling results in a more reliable and detailed information. The researcher
uses simple random sampling for selection of items from each stratum.
Sample size
Among the 4000 staff in the organization a sample of 100 employees was taken
for the study.
Using the method of proportional allocation, the numbers of samples are
selected from each stratum.

Tools for data collection
There are several ways of colleting the appropriate data. While deciding about
the method of data collection to be used for the study, the researcher should keep in mind,
that there are 2 types of data.
1. Primary data
2. Secondary data
Primary data are those which are collected a fresh and for the first time and thus
happen to be original in character. Primary data can be collected either through
experiment or through survey.
The secondary data on the other hand are those which have already been
collected by someone else and which have already been passed through the statistical
process. In this study, the data was collected from the primary source through interview
schedule.
1.2.4 Statistical Techniques
This phase consists of the data analysis of the data collected based on the
stratified simple random probabilistic sampling technique. The data collected were
analyzed using the following methods.
Percentage analysis
The number of responses of each category is summarized to percentage format

for the convenience to use other statistical tools namely pie chart and bar diagrams.

Statistical tools
Chi-square test
This test allows us to determine whether two attributes are independent of each
other. In this study chi-square has been used to test if there is an association between
various variables and the overall level of satisfaction of safety and welfare measures.
X2 = Σ {(Oi – Ei) 2 / Ei }
Applying Yates’s correction:
X2 = Σ {(|Oi – Ei |- 0.5) 2 / Ei }
Phi Coefficient
Chi-square test tells us about the significance of relation between variables; it

provides no answer regarding the magnitude of the relation between the two variables.
This can be achieved by computing the Phi coefficient which is a non-parametric
measure of coefficient of correlation. It gives the magnitude of the relation or the degree
of association between the two variables.
ϕ= [ X2 / n ]

CHAPTER-3
DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
TABLE-1
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT WORK ENVIRONMENT
Grade No. of Respondents Percentage
Satisfied 8 8
Highly Satisfied 28 28
Average 64 64
Dissatisfied 0 0
Highly dissatisfied 0 0
OPINION ABOUT WORK ENVIRONMMENT
70
60
50
40
30 64
20
28
10
8 0 0
0
Satisfied Highly Average Dissatisfied Highly
Satisfied Dissatisfied
PARICULARS
INFERENCE:

From the above table it is inferred that 8% of people responded to satisfied,

28% of people responded to highly satisfied, 64% people to average, and 0% of people
responded to dissatisfied and highly dissatisfied.
TABLE-2
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINIONABOUT VENTILATION & LIGHTING

AT WORK PLACE
Excellent 12 12
Good 52 52
Average 36 36
Bad 0 0
Very Bad 0 0
OPINION ABOUT VENTILATION

&
LIGHTING AT WORK PLACE
60
50
40
30
52
20 36
10
12 0 0
0
Excellent Good Avearge Bad Very Bad
Axis Title
INFERENCE:

From the above table it is inferred that 12% of people responded to excellent,
52% of people responded to good, 36% people to average, and 0% of people responded
to bad and very bad.
TABLE-3
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT SALARIES/BENEFITS
Satisfied 20 20
Average 18 18
Dissatisfied 0 0
OPINION ABOUT SALARIES/BENEFITS
70
60
50
40
30 62
20
10 20 18 0 0
0
Satisfed Highly Avearge Dissatisfied Highly
PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:

From the above table it is inferred that 20% of people responded to

satisfied, 62% of people responded to highly satisfied, 18% people to average, and 0% of
people responded to dissatisfied and highly dissatisfied.
Table- 4
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT TIMINGS/SCHEDULES
Satisfied 20 20
Average 8 8
Dissatisfied 0 0
OPINION ABOUT TIMINGS/SCHEDULE
80
70
60
50
40
72
30
20
10 20 8 0 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
72% of people responded to highly satisfied, 8% people to average, and 0% of people
responded to dissatisfied and highly dissatisfied.
Table- 5
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT SAFETY
MEASURES AT WORK PLACE
Satisfied 64 64
Average 19 19
Dissatisfied 9 9
OPINION ABOUT SAFETY MEASURES AT WORK PLACE
70
60
50
40
30 64
20
10 19
4 9 4
0
Satisfed Highly Satisfied Avearge Dissatisfied Highly
Dissatisfied

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 64% of people responded to satisfied, 4%
of people responded to highly satisfied, 19% people to average, 9% of people responded
to dissatisfied and 4% of people responded to highly dissatisfied.
Table- 6
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT PRESENCE
OF SAFETY COMMITTEE
Yes 60 60
No 40 40
OPINION ABOUT PRESENCE OF SAFETY COMMITTEE
70
60
50
40
30 60
20 40
10
0
Yes No

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 60% of people responded to Yes for
presence of safety committee and 40% of people said No.
Table- 7
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
Yes 72 72
No 28 28
OPINION ABOUT PRESENCE OF SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
80
70
60
50
40
72
30
20
28
10
0
Yes No

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
safety instructions and 28% of people said No.
Table- 8
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT ACCIDENT PREVENTION

MEASURES
Good 12 12
Very Good 40 40
Average 36 36
Bad 7 7
Very Bad 5 5
OPINION ABOUT ACCIDENT PREVENTION MEASURES

50
40
30
20 40
36
10
12
7 5
0
Good Very Good Avearge Bad Very Bad

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 12% of people responded to good, 40%
of people responded to very good, 36% people to average, 7% of people responded to bad
and 5% of people responded to very bad.
Table- 9
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT FIRST – AID FACILITY
Good 38 38
Very Good 22 22
Average 28 28
Bad 10 10
Very Bad 2 2
OPINION ABOUT FIRST – AID FACILITY

40
35
30
25
20 38
15 28
10 22
5 10
2
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 38% of people responded to good, 22%
of people responded to very good, 28% people to average, 10% of people responded to
bad and 2% of people responded to very bad.
Table- 10
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT ORGANIZATION HEALTH
CHECK - UPS
Yearly 30 30
Half Yearly 20 20
Quarterly 20 20
Monthly 20 20
Not at all 10 10
OPINION ABOUT ORGANIZATION HEALTH CHECK - UPS
35
30
25
20
15 30
10 20 20 20
5 10
0
Yearly Half Yearly Quarterly Monthly Not at all

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 30% of people responded to yearly, 20%
of people responded to half yearly, 20% people to quarterly, 20% of people responded to
monthly and 10% of people responded to not at all.
Table- 11
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT CANTEEN FACILITIES

WITHIN THE ORGANIZATION
Yes 68 68
No 32 32
OPINION ABOUT CANTEEN FACILITIES
80
70
60
50
40
68
30
20
32
10
0
Yes No

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
From the above table it is inferred that 68% of people responded to Yes to
canteen facilities in organization and 32% of people said No.
Table- 12
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT HOUSING FACILITIES TO

EMPLOYEES
Yes 33 33
No 67 67
OPINION ABOUT HOUSING FACILITIES
80
70
60
50
40
67
30
20
33
10
0
Yes No

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
housing facilities in organization and 67% of people said No.
Table- 13
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT P.F. BENEFITS
Satisfied 40 40
Average 44 44
Dissatisfied 4 4
OPINION ABOUT P.F. BENEFITS
50
40
30
44
20 40
10
12
4 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
12% of people responded to highly satisfied, 44% people to average, 4% of people
responded to dissatisfied and 0% of people responded to highly dissatisfied.
Table- 14
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT TRANSPORTATION
Satisfied 28 28
Average 18 18
Dissatisfied 20 20
OPINION ABOUT TRANSPORTATION
35
30
25
20
15 32
28
10 18 20
5 2
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
Table- 15
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT INSURANCE FACILITIES
Satisfied 40 40
Average 44 44
Dissatisfied 4 4
OPINION ABOUT INSURANCE FACILITIES
50
40
30
44
20 40
10
12 4 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
Table- 16
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT RETIREMENT BENEFITS
Satisfied 16 16
Average 52 52
Dissatisfied 12 12
OPINION ABOUT RETIREMENT BENEFITS
60
50
40
30
52
20
10 16 20
12 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
Table- 17
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT PRESENCE OF WELFARE

OFFICER
Yes 80 80
No 20 20
OPINION ABOUT PRESENCE OF WELFARE OFFICER
90
80
70
60
50
40 80
30
20
10 20
0
Yes No

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
presence of welfare officer in organization and 20% of people said No.
Table- 18
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT WELFARE PROVISIONS
Satisfied 40 40
Average 40 40
Dissatisfied 4 4

OPINION ABOUT WELFARE PROVISIONS
50
40
30
20 40 40
10
12
4 4
0
PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
Table- 19
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT REST PERIODS
Satisfied 4 4
Average 60 60
Dissatisfied 8 8

OPINION ABOUT REST PERIODS
70
60
50
40
30 60
20
28
10
4 8 0
0
PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:

Table- 20
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT RESPONDING IN CASE OF

EMERGENCIES
Good 40 40
Very Good 4 4
Average 32 32
Bad 24 24
Very Bad 0 0
OPINION ABOUT RESPONDING IN CASE OF EMERGENCIES
50
40
30
20 40
32
24
10
4 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
Table- 11
TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT FRINGE BENEFITS
Satisfied 8 8
Average 52 52
Dissatisfied 16 16
OPINION ABOUT FRINGE BENEFITS
60
50
40
30
52
20
24
10 16
8 0
0

PARTICULARS
INFERENCE:
STATISTICAL TOOL
CHI SQUARE TABLE
AIM
To find out significant associates between relationship work environment and P.F.
benefits.
NULL HYPOTHESIS
There is no significance relationship with work environment and P.F. benefits.
ATERNATIVE HYPOTHESIS
There is significance relationship with work environment and P.F.benefits.
OBSERVED FREQUENCY
P.F Satisfied Highly Average Dissatisfied Highly Total
W.E Satisfied Dissatisfied
satisfied 2 14 24 0 0 40
Highly 0 4 8 0 0 12
Satisfied
Average 4 10 30 0 0 44
Dissatisfied 2 0 2 0 0 4
Highly 0 0 0 0 0 0
Dissatisfied

Total 8 28 64 0 0 100
EXPECTED FREQUENCY
P.F Satisfied Highly Average Dissatisfied Highly
W.E Satisfied Dissatisfied
satisfied 3.2 11.2 25.6 0 0
Highly 0.96 3.36 7.68 0 0
Satisfied
Average 3.52 12.32 28.16 0 0
Dissatisfied 0.32 1.12 2.56 0 0
Highly 0 0 0 0 0
Dissatisfied

CHI SQUARE TABLE
Oi Ei Oi-Ei (Oi-Ei)² (Oi-Ei)² / Ei
2 3.2 -1.2 1.44 0.45
14 11.2 2.8 7.84 0.7
24 25.6 -1.6 2.56 0.1
0 0.96 -0.96 0.92 0.95
4 3.36 0.64 0.40 0.11
8 7.68 0.32 0.10 0.01
4 3.52 0.48 0.23 0.06
10 12.32 -2.32 5.38 0.43
30 28.16 1.84 3.38 0.137
2 0.32 1.68 2.82 8.81
0 1.12 -1.12 1.25 1.11
2 2.56 -0.56 0.31 0.12
12.897
Calculated value = 12.987

Degree of freedom
(r-1) (c-1)
(4-1) (5-1) = 12
Level of Significance 5%
Table Value = 21.026
Conclusion
Since the calculated value of chi-square is lesser than table value so null hypothesis
is accepted.
Inference
There is no significant relationship between work environment and P.F.benefits.
CHAPTER – 4

FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSION
3.1 FINDINGS
3.1.1 Based on Percentage Analysis
1. The study shows that 75% of the respondents opined adequate safety training
programmes are conducted at LANCO INDUSTRIES PVT LTD., and 25% of
them opined it is not.
2. The study shows that 62% of the respondents have attended safety training
programmes and 38% of them have not.
3. The study shows that 10% of the respondents have rated the training
programmes as highly effective, 84% have rated it as effective, 5% have no
opinion and 1% says it is ineffective.
4. The study shows that 91% of the respondents opined that the management
provides safety awareness and 9% opined that it does not.
5. The study shows that a majority of 84% employees feel that LIL mostly
creates safety awareness through bulletin boards and the least through safety
competitions as only 14% believes that safety awareness is created through
safety competitions.
6. The study sho2ws that 36% of the respondents feel that the safety goggles
provided are inadequate and 34% feel that the safety measures provided while
working on cranes are inadequate.
7. The study shows that 45% of the respondents say that they always make use
of the safety measures provided to them, 54% uses them sometimes and 1%
never uses it.
8. The study shows that 55% of the respondents opined that the machines,
equipments and tools are well designed, 58% opined that they are well
maintained and 57% opined that they are well guarded.

9. The study shows that 35% of the respondents believe that the layout of the
workplace is designed to avoid accidents, 21% says it is not so and 44%
believe that to an extent the workplace is designed to avoid accidents.
10. The study shows that 46% of the respondents believe that the safety measures
provided at LANCO INDUSTRIES PVT LTD., reduce the severity of
accidents, 9% believes otherwise and 36% believe that to an extent the safety
measures help in reducing the severity of accidents.
11. The study shows that 81% of the respondents feel that always immediate
actions are taken to investigate accidents, 14% feel that it is so sometimes and
5% feels that immediate actions are never taken to investigate accidents.
12. The study shows that 56% of the respondents opined that they perceive a risk
factor while working at LANCO INDUSTRIES PVT LTD., 33% opined that
they do not perceive any risk factor and 11% opined that to an extent they
perceive a risk factor.
13. The study shows that 90% of the respondents say that they never avoid work
due to the risk involved in it. 9% of the respondents avoids work and 1%
always avoids work.
14. The study shows that 21% of the respondents strongly agree that in case of
accidents, the management would take good care of them, 56% agree and 19%
disagree to this. 4% of the respondents had no opinion on the matter.
15. The study shows that 85% of the respondents feel that the safety measures
make them feel more secure while working at LIL and 15% of them feel
otherwise.
3.1.2 Based on Statistical Analysis

1. There is no significant difference in the level of satisfaction of existing safety

measures among the different category of workers.
2. There is no dependence between the Mechanical and Traffic departments and

the level of satisfaction of existing safety measures. In the Marine department
90% of the respondents are satisfied with the safety measures and 10% are not.
3. There is a significant association between the fact that the employees have
attended safety training programmes and their level of satisfaction regarding
the existing safety measures.
4. There is a significant association between the perception of risk factor and the
level of satisfaction of employees regarding the existing safety measures.
5. There is a significant association between the level of satisfaction of welfare

measures among the various category of employees.
6. There is no dependence between the Mechanical and Traffic departments and

the level of satisfaction of welfare measures. All the 2 respondents in the H.R
department are satisfied with the welfare measures.
7. There is significant association between the level of satisfaction of transport

facilities and the overall level of satisfaction of welfare measures.
8. There is no significant association between the level of satisfaction of rest

room facilities and the overall level of satisfaction of welfare measures.
3.2 SUGGESTIONS

• The company can ensure that safety training programmes are conducted
for all the employees, since 38% of them opined that they have not undergone
any safety training and the statistical analysis show that there is an association
between the overall level of satisfaction and the fact that the employees feel
that the training that is being provided is not practical. So steps may be
adopted to ensure that training is more practical in nature.
• The researcher feels that the awareness for the safety is quite low
among the employees. Steps may be undertaken to increase the awareness and
need for safety.
• The quality of shoes and mask provided may be improved as 59% of

the respondents have thus opined.
• The management needs to pay attention to the fact that 45% of the
respondents feel that the machines, equipments and tools are not well
designed, 42% feel it is not well maintained, 43% feels it is not well guarded
and ding out reasons for the same.
• The responses of the employees regarding the level of satisfaction of

welfare measures are clustered in the satisfactory region. The management
may take steps to convert these into highly satisfactory.
• Since 59% of the employees are not satisfied with the transport
facilities provided by the company, steps may be taken to provide facilities
especially for employees who have to work during night shifts.
• The conditions of the rest rooms and shelters may be improved

especially in the wharf and electrical sections. They may be provided with
adequate fans and facilities to rest.
• Canteen facilities may be provided by the company at both wharfs and

the electrical sections.
3.3 CONCLSION

A study was conducted on the safety and welfare measures provided to the
employees of LANCO INDUSTRIES.
A majority of 81% of the respondents was found to be satisfied with the safety
measures at, LANCO INDUSTRIES 2% were highly satisfied, 1% was neutral in their
opinion and only 16% dissatisfied with the safety measures.
A majority of the respondents feel secure while working at LIL and feel that
the safety measures help to reduce the severity of actions. Even though 56% of them
perceive a risk factor while working at LIL, a majority of 90% never avoid work due to
this risk factor.
The study again shows that there is a clustering of respondents’ opinion in the
satisfactory region regarding the level of satisfaction of welfare measures. This reveals
that a majority of respondents are satisfied with the existing welfare measures. The
management may take up steps to convert these into highly satisfactory.
The few welfare measures which were dissatisfactory were transport facilities,
rest room facilities and the time lapse in compassionate appointments. The management
may concentrate on these areas to increase the satisfaction level of employees towards the
welfare measures.
CHAPTER- 5

QUESTIONNAIRE
I PERSONAL DETAILS
Name (Optional) :
Age : Up to 20 21- 30 31- 40 41- 50
> 50
Category : Highly Skilled Skilled Unskilled
Designation : ……………………………………………….
Department : Mechanical Traffic Marine Others
Gender : Male Female
Marital Status : Single Married
Educational Level : 10th 12th Diploma
Graduate Post Graduate Others
Length of service : up to 5 yrs 6- 10 yrs 11-15 yrs
16- 20 yrs > 20 yrs.
II SAFETY
1. Are adequate safety training programmes conducted for the employees of Lanco
Industries?
Yes No
2. Have you attended any safety training programme conducted by the Lanco
Industries?
Yes No
If yes, how was the safety training programme?
Highly Effective Effective No Opinion Ineffective Highly

Ineffective

3. Does the Management provide awareness programmes relating to safety?
Yes No
If yes, what are the measures undertaken by LANCO INDUSTRIES to bring

about awareness for safety needs?
Observance of safety weeks
Safety Competitions
Talks on safety
Bulletin Boards/ Slogans
Pamphlets
Booklets
House Magazines
4. What is your opinion about the following?
Provision of safety measures Adequate Inadequate No Opinion
Safety helmets
Safety outfits
Safety goggles
Leather gloves
Safety shoes
Safety boots
Safety mask
Life saving Appliances
Safety measures provided for
Cranes

Forks lift Trucks
Hatches
Hazardous Cargo
5. Do you make use of the above safety measures provided to you?
Always Sometimes Never No Opinion
6. Are the machines, equipments and tools:
Yes No
Well Designed
Well Maintained
Well Guarded
7. Is the layout of the workplace properly designed to avoid accidents?
Yes No To an extent No Opinion
8. Do the safety measures help in reducing the severity of accidents?
9. Are immediate actions taken to investigate accidents?
10. Do you perceive any risk factor while working at Lanco Industries?

III Welfare
11. Are you happy with the welfare provided at Lanco Industries?
12. Welfare measures help to
Strongly Agree- SA Agree- A No Opinion- N Disagree- D
Strongly Disagree- SD
SA A N D SD
Create better industrial relations
Build greater loyalty to the company
Helps faster team spirit
13. What is your opinion about the following welfare measures at Lanco
Industries?
Highly Satisfactory- Hs Satisfactory- S Neutral- N
Dissatisfactory- D Highly Dissatisfactory- HD
HS S N D HD
Medical facilities
Canteen facilities
Rest room facilities
Recreational facilities
Cultural facilities
Family Planning Programmes

Educational facilities
Transport facilities
Co-operative Establishments
Housing facilities
Shopping facilities
First Aid facilities
Ex-gratia payments
Compassionate Appointment
14. Do the welfare measures satisfy your needs?
15. Do the welfare measures help in solving the problems faced by employees?
16. What is your level of satisfaction regarding welfare measures?
Highly Satisfied Satisfied Neutral
Dissatisfied Highly Dissatisfied
17. Have you ever been disappointed by any of the welfare measures?
Yes No
If yes, (kindly specify)……………………………………..
18. What are the welfare measures you feel should be improved? Kindly specify.
…………………………………………………………………………………
…………………………………………………………………………………
………………………………………………………………………………...

Thank you
Bibliography
 KEITH DEVIS: HUMAN RELATIONS MANAGEMENT, Tata McGraw Hill
 STEPHEN P. ROBBINS: ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOR, Pearson

Education
 NAIR and LATHABOGOLIALA: LABOUR LAWS, Prentice Hall of India

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A STUDY ON EMPLOYEE WELFARE MEASURES

ABOUT THE INDUSTRY

By comparing the per capita consumption consumption and consumption density

The cement sector has recorded an impressive increase in production capacities.

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 1

The cement industry witnessed a contraction. In operating profit margins

The Rakesh Mohan committee has forecast the investment outlays on

India’s Stand in the world

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 2

CEMENT INDUSTRY HIGHLIGHTS

Production and Consumption Pattern of Cement

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 3

CEMENT MANUFACTURING PROCESS

Cement has emerged as a commodity product. Brands play important role

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 4

Lanco Industries Limited aims at maximizing the customer satisfaction by

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 5

TO ACHIEVE THE ABOVE, WE WILL

 Manufacture and supply products as per specifications and standards agreed to

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 6

1.1.1 Problem Idenfication

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 7

1.1.2 Objectives of the study

Primary Objective: To study the level of satisfaction of employees regarding welfare

• To suggest provision of more welfare measures to improve the

1.1.3 Scope of the study

This study would give an overview of the welfare measures existing at

1.1.4 Limitations of the study

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 8

1.2 REVIEW OF LITERATURE

In 1998 a study was conducted on the welfare measures provided to the

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 9

1.2.1 METHODOLY AND ANALYSIS OF DATA

Research methodology is a way of systematically solving the research

1.2.2 Research Design

 Identifying target population.

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 10

1.2.3 Stratified Sampling

If the population from which a sample is to be drawn does not constitute a

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 11

Tools for data collection

1.2.4 Statistical Techniques

The number of responses of each category is summarized to percentage format

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 12

Chi-square test tells us about the significance of relation between variables; it

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 13

DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION

TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT WORK ENVIRONMENT

Grade No. of Respondents Percentage

OPINION ABOUT WORK ENVIRONMMENT

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 14

From the above table it is inferred that 8% of people responded to satisfied,

TABLE SHOWING THE OPINIONABOUT VENTILATION & LIGHTING

Grade No. of Respondents Percentage

OPINION ABOUT VENTILATION

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 15

TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT SALARIES/BENEFITS

Grade No. of Respondents Percentage

OPINION ABOUT SALARIES/BENEFITS

SREE VIDYANIKETHAN INSTITUTE OF MANAGEMENT 16

From the above table it is inferred that 20% of people responded to

TABLE SHOWING THE OPINION ABOUT TIMINGS/SCHEDULES