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Mr. VIJAY BANSAL PAWAN VISHWAKARMA

LECTURER (MECH.) Roll No. 0207ME081037
Branch- ME Sem- IV
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' A BMI is a direct communication pathway between a brain
and an external device . Sometimes its also called BCI.

' BMI uses brain activity to command, control, actuate and

communicate with the world directly brain integration with
peripheral devices & system.

' BMIs are often aimed at augmenting or repairing human

cognitive or sensory motor function.

' Research on BMI began in the 1970s at UCLA under a grant

from the NSF.
' In 1987 Philip Kennedy founded neural signals to develop
BMI.

' The operation of this machine based on his or her EEG

response .
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' A BMI is an attempt to mesh our
minds with machine.

' These are electronic interfaces with

the brain , which has ability to send
& receive signals from brain.

' By using BMI artificial electrical

signal can stimulate the brain tissue
in order to transmit some
information.

' For eg. Somebody with spinal

injuries will be able to use their brain
to control a prosthetic limb.
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' The human brain is undoubtly
the most complex organ found
among the carbon based life
forms.

' The most relevant part of brain

concerning BMI¶s is the
cerebral cortex.

' Cerebral cortex is responsible

for many higher order
functions of brain.

' This kind of knowledge has

been used when with BMI¶s
based on the pattern
recognition approach.
MAIN PRINCIPLE OF BMI

' Main principle behind this interface is the bioelectrical activity

of nerves and muscles.

' The brain is composed of millions of neurons. These neurons

work together in complex logic and produce thought and signal
that control our bodies.

' When the neuron fires or activates there is a voltage change

across the cell, which can be read through a variety of devices.

' By monitoring or analyzing these signals, we can understand

the working of brain.

' A neuron depolarizes to generate an impulse.

' We can control the brain function by artificially producing

these signals and sending them to respective parts.
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' Electroencephalography (EEG) is a technology used in measuring the
electrical activity of the brain.

' The recording of EEG response is known as the electroencephalogram.

' The neurons, like other cells of the body are electrically polarized.

' The EEG signal can be picked up with electrode either from scalp or
directly from the cerebral cortex.

' The EEG is measured from the surface of the scalp by measuring
potential difference between the actual measuring electrode and a
reference electrode.

' The normal EEG frequency content ranges from 0.5 to 50 Hz.
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' THE IMPLANT DEVICE
OR CHRONIC MULTI
ELECTRODE ARRAY

' THE SIGNAL

RECORDING
PROCESSING DEVICE

' EXTERNAL DEVICE

' VISUAL OR AUDIO

FEEDBACK SECTION





' In this era where drastic diseases are getting
common , it is a boon if we can develop it to its
full potential.

' It provides better living , more features, more

advancement in technologies etc.

' Linking up in this way would allow for

computer intelligence to be hooked more
directly into brain.

' By this human get gradual co-evolution with

computers.
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' Connecting to the nervous system could lead to permanent
brain damage, resulting in the loss of feelings or movement,
or continual pain.

' Virus attack may occur to brain causing ill effect.


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' AUDITORY & VISUAL PROTHESIS
' 1. cochlear implants
' 2. Brain stem implants
' 3. Artificial silicon retina

' FNS

' PROTHETIC LIMB CONTROL

1. thought control motorized wheel chair.
' 2. Various neuro prosthetic device.
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' A new thought communication device might soon help
severely disabled people by allowing them steer a
wheelchair with their mind.

' In future , it will be linking people via chip implants to super

intelligent machine.

' In future , the thought communication will replace

telephones firmly in the history books.