Teaching and Learning Strategies

In this area of the website you will find information on some of the best
researched and the most widely implemented methods of helping all students to
learn more successfully. The information includes a description of how the
teaching and learning strategies work, where they have been applied, results, and
where to find further information from experts in the field, books, websites, and
other resources. They have been demonstrated to be successful with students of
all ages and ability levels, including those with various kinds of disabilities and
those who do not learn in traditional ways. Following are links to different
teaching and learning strategies, a description of how they work, where they have
been applied, results, and where to find more information from individuals,
books, web sites, and other resources.

Accelerated Learning Techniques

Action Research
Applied Learning
Arts in Education
Assessment Alternatives
Character Education
Cognitive Coaching
Cooperative Learning
Democratic Classrooms
Differentiated Instruction
Emotional Intelligence
Environmental Education
Environments for Learning
Graphic Tools
Instrumental Enrichment
Keeping Fit for Learning
Learning Styles
Literacy
Multicultural Education
Multiple Intelligences
Service Learning
Teaching for Understanding
Technology in Education
Thinking Skills

These strategies are most successful when they are implemented in a system that
encourages collaboration among staff and students, and in which each is a part of
a well-planned whole system. In some of the most successful sites, teachers
themselves have become in-house experts in specific practices which they share
with their colleagues. It is important to recognize that while these strategies are
useful, little will be accomplished in implementing them unless there is ongoing
documentation of their results. There must also be efficient methods of feeding
that information back into the system so that there will be continuing progress in
teaching and learning. It is also certain that these strategies are most effective
when they are applied in positive, supportive environments where there is
recognition of the emotional, social and physical needs of students and where
individual strengths are recognized, nurtured, and developed. We welcome your
feedback as we continue to build the Teaching and Learning Strategies area as an
effective resource for teachers and students focusing on improved academic
achievement and striving to meet new academic standards.

Recommended Reading:

In recent years, there has been an explosion of new research coming directly from
applying in schools and adult training programs the most effective ways of
teaching and learning. Following is a list of books that present such research in
an informative and practical manner. Please click on the title for a description of
each book.

How People Learn: Brain, Mind, Experience, and School Committee on

Developments in the Science of Learning Edited by John D. Bransford, Ann L.
Brown, and Rodney R. Cocking, with additional material from the Committee on
Learning Research and Educational Practice Editors: M. Suzanne Donovan,
John D. Bransford, and James W. Pellegrino Commission on Behavioral and
Social Sciences and Education and the National Research Council, Washington,
DC: National Academy Press, 2000

How People Learn: Bridging Research and Practice

Edited by M. Suzanne Donovan, John D. Bransford, and James W. Pellegrino
Committee on Learning Research and Educational Practice Commission on
Behavioral and Social Sciences and Education National Research Council
Washington, DC: National Academy Press, 2000
This is a smaller book that summarizes the findings of the book above, How
People Learn. It also offers a research agenda to strengthen the link between
what we know about learning and what goes on in America's schools. We believe
all educators should keep this book close at hand and refer to it frequently.

Classroom Instruction That Works: Research-Based Strategies for Increasing

Student Achievement
Robert J. Marzano, Debra J. Pickering, and Jane E. Pollock

Handbook of Research on Multicultural Education

James Banks and Cherry A. McGee Banks, editors

Diversity Within Unity: Essential Principles for Teaching and Learning in a

Multicultural Society
James A. Banks, Peter Cookson, Geneva Gay, Willis D. Hawley, Jacqueline
Jordan Irvine, Sonia Nieta, Janet Schofield, and Walter Stephan.

Teaching to Change the World

Jeannie Oakes and Martin Lipton

So Each May Learn: Integrating Learning Styles and Multiple Intelligences

Harvey F. Silver, Richard W. Strong, and Matthew J. Perini

Quantum Teaching: Orchestrating Student Success

Bobbi DePorter, Mark Reardon, and Sarah Singer Nourie

The Learner's Way: Brain Based Learning in Action

Anne D. Forester and Margaret Reinhard

Qualities of Effective Teachers James H. Stronge

Related links:

What Works In the Classroom

by Robert J. Marzano, Barbara B. Gaddy, and Ceri Dean, 2000. A summary of
the long-awaited report on effective practices linked to academic achievement
from Mid-continent Research for Education and Learning (McREL).
*Note: It is necessary to have the most current version of Adobe Acrobat
Reader on your system in order to view this document. It is available as a
free download at Adobe.

The Center for Social Organization of Schools

The web site for the educational research center at Johns Hopkins University.
You'll find the latest research and reports on new and old strategies posted here.

The Michigan Teachers Network

Best practice, professional development and standards-based resources.

© September 2002 New Horizons for Learning

http://www.newhorizons.org

For permission to redistribute, please go to:

New Horizons for Learning Copyright and Permission Information

http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/front_strategies.html

Home > Teaching and Learning Strategies > Arts in Education

 Arts in Education
Articles
Recommended Reading
Related links

Always among the highest expression of every culture, the arts teach us much
about every historical period through its literature, visual arts, music, dance, and
drama. Today it is recognized that to be truly well educated one must not only
learn to appreciate the arts, but must have rich opportunities to actively
participate in creative work. The arts are languages that most people speak,
cutting through individual differences in culture, educational background, and
ability. They can bring every subject to life and turn abstractions into concrete
reality. Learning through the arts often results in greater academic achievement
and higher test scores.

Articles

Learning Through the Arts Dee Dickinson

This report presents a synthesis of the research on the contribution of arts
education to learning. It presents information on Seattle schools and others that
have incorporated the arts successfully. The report discusses the relationship
between the arts and cognition and the ways each art form promotes unique ways
of knowing.

Research-Based Justification for the Highline School District Elementary and

Secondary School Music Programs Sandra Locklear
A report updated for 2008 on current research indicating the positive outcomes
of an arts education for all children.

Stimulating the Brain and Senses Through Art Dee Dickinson and Linda Bellon-
Fisher, et al
An interview with the founder and CEO of New Horizons for Learning by the
Washington State Arts Commission.

Arts, Neuroscience, and Learning James E. Zull

Is it possible to discuss art in terms of science? If all human behavior and
achievement is the result of physical and chemical events in our brain, then
ultimately we should be able to do this.

Getting to the Top: Arts Essential Academic Learning Requirements Doug

Herbert
How to make the arts a core subject.
Arts Essential Learnings
How students can demonstrate their learning in the arts.

A Conversation with Arkansas Governor Mike Huckabee on his 2004-06

Education Commission of the States Chairman's Initiative: The Arts – A Lifetime
of Learning
The Education Commission of the States Focuses on Integrating the Arts in
Education. A press release of the announcement is followed by an interview with
new chairman, Governor Mike Huckabee.

Teaching Basics Through the Arts Mona Brookes

The founder of Monart Drawing Schools discusses the important role drawing
can play in elementary education.

Critical Links: Learning in the Arts and Student Social and Academic
Development James Catterall
The results of numerous studies on the arts in education further cement the
importance of the arts.

Boston Public Schools as Arts-Integrated Learning Organizations Eric

Oddleifson
The arts as core curriculum.

Every Child Needs the Arts Charles Fowler

According to Dr Fowler, "if human beings are to survive, we need all the symbolic
forms at our command because they permit us not only to preserve and pass
along our accumulated wisdom but also to give voice to the invention of new
visions."

The Necessary Role of the Arts in Education and Society: Finding the Creative
Power Within Us to Control Our Lives and Shape Our Destinies Eric Oddleifson
How the arts can transform society as we know it.

The Window: Saving Creativity in Teens Sebastian Lockwood

A college teacher and bard urges educators to continue to teach students to
develop the processes of creativity as they grow.

Learning Through Creative Play Leah Mann

Director Emeritus and Co-Founder of Lelavision shows us how learning and play
can reinforce each other.

A Case for the Arts in Education Christine Goodheart

The director for the K-12 Initiatives for Education at the University of
Washington makes a case for the importance of the arts in education.

Why Arts Are Important Dee Dickinson

Fifteen answers to the question "why are arts important?" are listed here.
The Arts are Nice, But . . . Stephanie B. Perrin
An arts education is part of the "real world."

A Fifty School Arts Education Demonstration Project Eric Oddleifson

How the arts can help failing schools succeed.

Building a School Culture of High Standards Ron Berger

What does a conception of art have to do with high standards? It means seeing
art as inextricably a part of all that we produce and share.

Confessions of a Professional Volunteer Mary Anne Dorward

A mother relates the story of her volunteer work at her daughter's elementary
school and the transformation she was able to bring about. A story to inspire us
all.

I Made It By Myself Richard Lewis

Play is the great discoverer, and its discoveries are the frontiers and landscapes of
our imagining mind. While our hands play, the inner realms of our imagination
grow. We literally learn to see through playing and imagining, a world not only in
front of us, but a deeper world suggested by the dance of our imagining self.

Education Through the Arts in Secondary Schools Stephanie B. Perrin

Intensive arts training, far from being impractical and elitist, can prepare
students for life and work by developing in them the general skills and attitudes,
the habits of heart and mind they need to prevail in postmodern society no
matter what career they chose.

Creative Schools, Connected Communities: Developing Partnerships for Arts

Education Louis Fox and Christine Goodheart
How do schools create an effective arts program without proper funding? This
article explains the partnership idea and shows us how vital the arts are to
education.

Arts-Infused Summer School Susy Watts

A national consultant in arts consultant in arts curriculum demonstrates the
effect of integrated instruction on student achievement in literacy and
mathematics.

Report on the Learning Through the Arts Conference at IslandWood Lee Ann
Woolery
A report on a recent, highly successful conference on Learning Through the Arts,
With Emphasis on Math, Language Arts, and Science.

Arts Learning and the Creative Economy Jack Yantis

Integrated Arts educator recognizes that creativity is essential to the way we live
and work today and contemplates how professional development will be
reformed to discover new ways to foster creativity while providing a structure in
which to produce and manage work.

Community Schools: Arts and Academics After School Joel Isaksen

The Community Schools Manager for Seattle's Powerful Schools describes the
five guiding principles in the development of their programs.

The Story of Arts Corps Lisa Fitzhugh

The story of a remarkable arts organization and its founder will inspire many on
both personal and professional levels.

Filling the Gap in After-School Arts Education: A report on a new organization's

progress in the community Lisa Fitzhugh
The results of the Arts Corps program, whose mission is to providing quality
after-school arts education classes free to youth, particularly in underserved, low-
and middle-income neighborhoods, support their vision that art has a
transforming effect on youth that will have a ripple effect in the community,
building communities that are more compassionate and innovative.

Coming Up Taller Judith Weitz

The Coming Up Taller Awards support after school, weekend, and summer arts
and humanities programs that use the arts, words, and ideas to provide children
with paths to self-discovery, self-expression, and self-confidence.

The Value of the Arts to the Community and Education AnnRené Joseph
Ms. Joseph shares numerous quotations that reinforce the importance of the arts
in education.

More Arts! It's Essential and the Law! AnnRené Joseph

The Program Supervisor for the Arts at the Office of the Superintendent of Public
Instruction in Olympia, Washington offers critically important , practical, and
timely information regarding the importance of the arts in education.

Education at the Museum of Glass Susan Warner

Director of Education for the Museum of Glass describes the value of active,
integrated project-based learning in their program.

Seattle Center Academy: Reach For It Cinda Johnson

The evaluator of a highly successful, unique summer program in the arts
describes how special needs students benefit from inclusion in such a program.

ArtsPlace: It Really Works! Sharon Nesbitt Davis and Claire Rotolo

An out of school program in Illinois puts teens to work as apprentices to local
artists.

Art Therapy: A Proposal for Inclusion in School Settings Eve C. Jarboe

Ms. Jarboe explains the basics of art therapy and makes a case for its addition to
school counseling programs.

Chaim Potok's My Name is Asher Lev, Art History and Images From the World
Wide Web
Alan Warhaftig
Including art history creates a richer, more powerful lesson.

An Interview with Robert E. Horn

Robert E. Horn Horn talks about his research on visual language and the
implications for curriculum development and teaching.

The Nature Journal as a Tool for Learning Karen Matsumoto

Drawing their observations in a field journal can be a powerful way for students
to get to know their natural community and the geography of their home
environment.

Knowing the Language of Place Through the Arts Lee Ann Woolery
Arts Coordinator of IslandWood uses art as a way of connecting with the
landscape to more deeply understand the ecology and make a stronger
connection to place.

Finding a Relationship To Place Through Natural Fiber Weaving Melinda West

Hands-on natural fiber projects derived from the local traditional cultures and
native plants of any given area of the world can open a doorway to place,
providing new skills for expressing a relationship to the land.

Music and the Mind Dee Dickinson

Dee Dickinson discusses reports that attest to the connection between music and
academic achievement.

Music for Educators: Music, Literacy and Standards Alan Warhaftig

With so much attention focused on reading and math, what will be the role of the
arts, including music, in the new order of education? Alan Warhaftig shows us
the vital role the arts play in teaching standards.

Music and Learning: Integrating Music in the Classroom Chris Brewer

A musician and master teacher offers successful guidelines and strategies for
incorporating music into the learning environment.

Interactive Music Strategies for the Academic Curriculum Michelle Lazar

A gifted musician and teacher describes practical ways to use music as another
multi-sensory approach to teaching math, literacy, science, and social studies.

Left Handed Music Making Ryan Thomson

This article explores the tradition of violin playing that has the player fingering
with the left hand and bowing with the right. It challenges this form as "the right
way" for those who are naturally left-handed, and explores a number of related
handedness issues.

"Musicians' Tools" for the Workplace Peggy Rostron

The author, founder of the Maestro Effect, director of the Rostron Piano School
and symphony pianist, describes how adults who have never had musical training
can learn aspects of music and music-making and use it to enhance workplace
performance.

An Excerpt from Learning From Lyrics Johnathan Chase

Chase makes a case for the educational use of songs by teachers in all subject
areas.

Making Music With Your Child Kia Portafekas

A music educator shows how to create and use music in all types of everyday
situations in and out of the classroom.

Music Activities as a Cognitive Tool for the Enhancement of Analytical

Perception, Comparison, and Synthesis for the Blind Learner Adena Portowitz
Music can be used to train the mind in abstract thought.

Waldorf Approach Offers Hope in Schools for Juvenile Offenders Arline Monks
An experimental program for juvenile offenders in Yuba County, California
utilizes Waldorf methods and curricula in two schools, T.E. Mathews Community
School, a school for twelve-to-eighteen year-old offenders who are under a court
order to attend, and The Garden Court School in Juvenile Hall, a lock-up facility.
Waldorf methods have had a dramatic affect on teachers and students, and
principal Ruth Mikkelson is looking to apply the approach in other schools that
serve at-risk youth.

Providing Meaningful Learning Through Story and an Inquiry Approach to

Science Education Kathleen Carroll
The author discusses her book and audiotape Sing a Song of Science which
teachers can use to reinforce students' concrete experiences with scientific
phenomena.

Creative Dramatics in the Classroom Dee Dickinson

All teachers can use these strategies for bringing any subject to life through
dramatic improvisation.

Drama and Teaching Math Mark Wahl

Arts integration is for every discipline. Mark Wahl shows us how drama can
enhance the teaching of math.

The Cappies: Celebrating High School Theater Like Never Before Bill Strauss
and Judy Bowns
A new program for showcasing the acheivements of high school theater students
and critics.

Festival in the Workplace: Igniting Passion for World Class Excellence

Roosevelt Finlayson and Patrice A. Francis
Ways in which drama and artistic creation can make work fun.

Limbic Limbo Leah Mann

An accomplished dancer and gymnast describes the importance of helping all
students to develop imagination and creative thinking, tapping into their inner
artist.

Language of Dance Distance Exchange Program: Drop From Above-- Dance

Across the Pond Jane Dulieu
The author discusses bringing children of two different cultures together with
dance.

Movement is the Key to Learning Anne Green Gilbert

Bringing dance into your classroom will not only increase learning, but will make
your classroom a healthier, happier place to learn and teach.

A Brain Compatible Approach to Studio Dance Anne Green Gilbert

The Artistic Director of Seattle Creative Dance Center details her studio's
approach of integrating current brain research into the teaching of dance
concepts and techniques.

Natural Connections: Developing the Personal Intelligences Though Music and

Movement Judy Bonne
The author, Principal of Grayline Elementary, explains the POWER SKILLS
program which the school pilots as part of its School Improvement Plan. Based
upon the musical, inter and interpersonal components of the theory of multiple
intelligences, the program is in its third year of schoolwide implementation. The
results are significant. The interventions are powerful enough to improve
learning.

The Arts Journey in Progress AnnRené Joseph

The Program Supervisor for the Arts at the Washington State Office of the
Superintendent of Public Instruction updates her report on Washington State's
arts assessment program to assure the inclusion of the arts as an Essential
Academic Learning Requirement in the K-12 curriculum.

Recommended Reading

• Bibliography
• The Power of the Arts: Creative Strategies for Teaching Exceptional
Learners Sally L. Smith
 • Champions of Change: The Impact of the Arts on Learning Edward B.
Fiske
• Releasing the Imagination: Essays on Education, the Arts, and Social
Change Maxine Greene
• Coming Up Taller Elizabeth Murfee
• Art Matters Eileen S. Prince
• Making Music With Your Child Kia Portafekas and Karen E. Marlow
• Visual Language: Global Communication for the 21st Century Robert E.
Horn
• The Mozart Effect for Children: Awakening Your Child's Mind, Health and
Creativity with Music Don Campbell
• Science Songs and Stories Kathleen Carroll
• Creativity: The Flowering Tornado Ginny Ruffner

Related links

Arts Resources on the Web compiled by Jonathan Block

Arts in Education
Links from Northwest Regional Educational Laboratory. Be patient, this link
takes a minute to open because it is a large database.

ArtsEdge
The national arts and education network, based at the Kennedy Center in
Washington, DC. This site offers lesson plan ideas.

National Arts & Learning Collaborative

NALC is a nonprofit organization dedicated to transforming US schools by
providing students with opportunities to learn in and through the arts in school
and in after school programs. NALC works to develop, implement, and evaluate
model programs incorporating the arts into urban school districts where the
needs are greatest.

The Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco

View artworks and find teacher guides and other learning resources here. Large
image database.

The National Gallery of Art

Digital images, tours and more.

Centre for Creative Communities

The centre, based in the UK, believes that the arts and creativity are central to
human development and essential elements in building sustainable
communities.

CARTS: Cultural Arts Resources for Teachers and Students

A clearinghouse of online resources pertaining to folklore, anthropology,
traditional arts, oral history, and community-based education. Co-sponsored by
the National Task Force on Folk Arts in Education and City Lore, CARTS is
designed to serve the needs of K-12 educators, students, and community
members interested in developing meaningful linkages between school curricula
and local cultural traditions. Teachers will be interested in the folklorist
mentoring project. A stipend is available for teachers to develop folklore-related
projects in their classrooms.

Musicians United for Songs In the Classroom, Inc.

M.U.S.I.C. is a nonprofit organization promoting arts integration through the
study of popular music.

Puppetools
Jeffrey Peyton of Puppetools says "using puppets (visual, emotive, playful media)
will lead you into a different dimension of teaching and communicating. It will
challenge and transcend the limited behavior and communication patterns
handed down to you by your training and expected of you in the classroom. "
Visit the website for a free teacher workshop and puppet patterns.

Connecting Math and Art

http://plus.maths.org/issue25/interview/index.html
The article is illustrated with examples of math/art projects that are aesthetically
beautiful and mathematically interesting.

http://www.newhorizons.org/strategies/arts/front_arts.htm