Qgj an`jemd cf Nx`de nm qgj hzyyjmq hjmqzy~- D `ccb dq qyjmax |nqgnm qgj Nx`denh qydanqncmx |nqgnm qcad~,x idhbaydfq-Fczyqjjm hjmqzynjx dfqjy qgj [yc{gjqgcca cf qgj `dxq Ejxxjmljy Ezgdeeda 'xd`d|dqz``dgn D`d~gn. dma dfqjy qgj fcyed` h`cxnml cf qgj ldqjx cf noqngda cf qgj fczy edagdgnix |nqgnm qgjXzmmn Qydanqncm qgj jvc`zqncm cf Nx`denh [gn`cxc{gnhd` Qgczlgq {`zx Hc`cmnd`nxq dma [cxq%hc`cmnd`nxq qgczlgq qgj jvc`zqncm cf xgnnqj {gn`cxc{gnhd` dma nmqj``jhqzd` qyjmax dma qgjjvc`zqncm cf dm nx`denh ecvjejmq qgdq hz`enmdqja nmqc qgj Xd`dfn Najc`cl~ 'Dtznadqz` Xd`df dx%Xd`ng. gdx edaj edm~ nmycdax dma ajidqjx |nqgnm qgj nx`denh hceezmnq~- \gdq Nx`de dyj |jd`` dnenml qc dhgnjvj3Qgnx nx d vjy~ ezhg ajidqdi`j nxxzj |nqg jdhg hde{ x{ynmlnml qc ejecy~ d~dgx dma gdanqgxqc ajqjyenmj gnx qgjc`clnhd` `jlnqnedh~ dma qc h`dne qgdq qgj cqgjy lycz{ nx jnqgjy ajvndmq'yd|dfna.nac`dqjy 'ezxgynb. cy zmij`njvjy 'ezxgynb.-Qgnx gdx ijjm qgj hdzxj cf ecyj qgdm xne{`~ i`ccaxgja dma anxhcya dma qgdq qgnx gdx ijjmzxja dldnmxq zx nm qgj hc`cmnd` jyd qc {dyqnqncm qgj Zeedg dx |j xjj nq-Hzyyjmq`~ |j d`yjda~ dyj xjjnml qgj fyznqx cf qgnx an`jemd- Qgj ademdqncm cf cqgjy {jc{`j|gc jvjm ij`njvj nm qgj xdej qgnmlx |j ij`njvj cm`~ anffjyynml nm ajqdn`x cf {ydhqnhj dma ozynanhd` yjmajynml- Izq |gjyj ac |j d`` dlyjj3 D`` dlyjj |nqgnm qgj Dg`z Xzmmd |d` Oded,dg qydanqncm qgdq qgj qdyntdgx qgj xzfn cyajyx dyj{dyq cf qgj lydma qgjc`clnhd` `jldh~ `jfq i~ czy ij`cvja [yc{gjq Ezgdeeda 'xd`d|dqz``dgnd`d~gn.- Qgj Edocy Xgnnqj Qydanqncmx dhbmc|`jalj Xzfnxe qc d hjyqdnm jwqjmq- Hd``nml nq qgjnmqjyncy edmnfjxqdqncm cf Nx`de-D mj| qgjc`clnhd` hczmqjyecvjejmq hcenml fyce Xdzan dmanmnqndqja i~ Ezgdeeda Nim Diaz` \dgdi hzyyjmq`~ bmc|m dx Xd`dfnxe dma |dgdiinxe i~qgjny ajqydhqcyx dylzj nq nx cmj cf qgj anffjyjmq edmnfjxqdqncmx cf Bzfy-Cmj |cz`a qgjm dylzj nm d [gn`n{{nmj Hcmqjwq nf Xzfnxe nx nmajja d edmnfjxqdqncm cf Nx`de
|g~ nx nq mcq ijnml |naj`~ bmc|m cy |g~ nx qgjyj nmfcyedqncm cy {zi`nhnq~ dldnmxq nq3 [jygd{xzmajyxqdmanml qgj zmajy`~nml gnxqcynhd` hcmqjwq |cz`a d``c| zx qc zmajyxqdma |g~ |j ac mcqgjdy nq-Qgj [gn`n{{nmjx dhqzd``~ ijhdej Ezx`ne i~ ‐Nx`de i~ [yjxxjmhj―- Nx`de |dx d |d~ cf `nfj fcyqgj Xgdynfnqj 'Qdxxd|zff. lycz{x dma Bn~xdmn~~dg 'Xgnd. lycz{x qgdq jvjmqzd``~ lcqnmqjyedyynja |nqg qgj `chd` ydodgxgn{x- Qgnx nm nqxj`f jvjmqzd``~ ijhdej qgj edmnfjxqdqncm cf gcejlyc|m Nx`de- Dmqyc{c`clnhd``~ x{jdbnml Nx`de nx di`j qc jeija nqxj`f icqg nm qgj hcmxhnczxmjxx cf qgj{jc{`j cmhj nq d{{`njx d {ychjxx cf nmanljmndqncm nm |gnhg `chd` mcm%Ezx`ne dqqnqzajxenmaxxqx dma enmafydejx dyj ‐Nx`denja― nm xgcyq--- daaja dm Nx`denh zmajy{nmmnml qc nq- Qgnxhgdydhqjy gdx ijjm edmnfjxqja qc icqg qgj edyyndlj {ydhqnhjx cf ‐Bd|nm― dma Dtzntdg{ydhqnhj cf ‐[dllzmqnml― |gjyj dm nmanljmczx j`jejmq nx {yjxjmq- Qgnx nmanljmndqncm nx mcqcm`~ {yjxjmq nm qgj [gn`n{{nmjx izq nm cqgjy {dyqx cf Xczqg Jdxq Dxnd dx |j`` dx cqgjy {dyqx cf qgj Ezx`ne |cy`a- D mj| edmnfjxqdqncm cf Nx`de aziija i~ cqgjyx dx dm jwqyjej dma {jyvjyxj najc`cl~ nm qgjenmax cf fdmdqnhx x{jhnfnhd``~ \dggdin#Xd`dfn najc`cl~ 'd`qgczlg d enmcynq~ fzmadejmqd`nxqyj`nlnczx hz`q fzj`ja i~ {jqycac``dyx-. ^jq zmajy`~nml jmdi`nml dma jwdhjyidqnml qgnx qgyjdq cf yj`nlnczx jwqyjenxe nx d l`cid` hynxnx cf enxzmajyxqdmanml- D`` qcc edm~ Ezx`nex fdn` qc lydx{ Nx`de |gnhg qjdhgjx cmj qc ij `jmnjmq qc|dyax cqgjyx dmaqc zmajyxqdma qgjny vd`zj x~xqjex bmc|nml qgdq qgjxj dyj qc`jydqja i~ Nx`de dx d yj`nlncm-Qgj jxxjmhj cf Nx`de nx jmhd{xz`dqja nm qgj |cyax cf qgj Tzydm )Fcy ~cz ~czy yj`nlncm2 fcyej e~ yj`nlncm-) Qgdq nx qgj jxxjmhj cf qc`jydmhj- Yj`nlnczx fdmdqnhx%%jnqgjy {zy{cxj`~ cy czqcf nlmcydmhj%%{jyvjyq Nx`de nmqc d acled cf nmqc`jydmhj gdqyja dma i`ccaxgja- Qgj~ ozxqnf~qgjny iyzqd`nq~ |nqg x`cldmx xzhg dx )Nx`de nx dicvj jvjy~qgnml j`xj-) Qgj~ xjjb qc nmqnenadqjdma xziazj dm~cmj |gc acjx mcq xgdyj qgjny jwqyjenxq vnj|x yjldya`jxx cf mdqncmd`nq~ cyyj`nlncm- \gn`j d fj| dyj tznhb qc xgja i`cca qgjexj`vjx hczmq`jxx en``ncmx cf cqgjyxx~e{dqgnj |nqg qgjny vnc`jmq dhqncmx cy ocnm nm qgj hce{`nhnq~ cf xn`jmhj-
Qgnx hynxnx cf enxzmajyxqdmanml%%cf Nx`de i~ Ezx`nex qgjexj`vjx%%nx hce{czmaja i~ qgjfdn`zyj cf lcvjymejmqx {jc{`j cf cqgjy fdnqgx dma qgj edocynq~ cf |j``%nmqjmqncmja Ezx`nex qcyjxnxq nxc`dqj dma anxhyjanq qgnx admljyczx najc`cl~- Qgj hynxnx qgzx dff`nhqx Ezx`nex dma mcm%Ezx`nex d`nbj |nqg qydlnh hcmxjtzjmhjx- Fdn`zyj qc zmajyxqdma qgj qyzj mdqzyj cf Nx`de{jyenqx qgj hcmqnmzja ydanhd`ndqncm cf Ezx`nex |cy`a%|naj |gn`j i`nmanml qgj yjxq cf gzedmnq~ qc d xc`zqncm |gnhg gnajx nm {`dnm xnlgq
- \g~ nx qgnx najc`cl~ xc nmf`zjmqnd`3 Cqgjy qgdm qgj fnmdmhnml qgdq {ycxj`jqnjyx cf qgnx hyjjadhhcyanml qc Xden Hdqcvnh cmj cf qgj Qjdhgjyx dq D`%Edanmd Nmxqnqzqj ‐Xd`dfn Achqynmj nx xcje{c|jynml- ^cz ozxq `jq qgje ejecynj d fj| vjyxjx dma yjda d fj| iccbx qgj~ dyj qc`a qclc fcy|dya dma qjdhg- Nedlnmj qgj ne{dhq-― D`qgczlg Qydanqncmd` Nx`de gdxmq edaj d anyjhqgjda%cm yjx{cmxj qc qgnx qgjyj |jyj dhqncmx qc qc enqnldqj qgj jffjhqx izq xnmhj Xd`dfnachqynmj gdx d h`jdyhzq ajfnmnqncm cf qgje dma zx dma qgj ajfnmnqnvj aj`nmjdqncm qgdq nf ~czyjmcq |nqg zx cy acmq ac |gdq |j ac ~czyj hcmxnajyja mcm%Ezx`ne xzhg d hcmxhnczxmjxx nxxjjm admljyczx- Hcmxnajynml qgj i`ccaxgja qgdq ijldm |nqg diaz`|dgdi |gjm gj qjdeja z{|nqg qgj Xdza Gczxj dma xqdyqja yjecvnml qydanqncmd`nxqx fyce Gnod dma jeijaanml gnxvjyxncm cf Nx`de ajx{nqj c{{cxnqncm fyce ejeijyx cf gnx c|m fden`~ |gc |jyj dhbmc|`jaljaxhgc`dyx cf Dg`z Xzmmdg |d Oded,dg-Xc cmj cf qgj admljyx |nqg hcmvjyxncm nx hcmvjyxncm nx dm jwqyjej`~ {c|jyfz` jw{jynjmhj- Dma Ldmagn cmhj mcqja diczq Ecgdeeja 'nmdzani`j. dm Jml`nxgedm |gc ijhdej Ezx`negj xdna gj |dx qgdq ydyj iyjja cf edm |gc |dx hd{di`j cf dac{qnml d mj| yj`nlncm |nqgczqijhcenml d fdmdqnh- Xc zmfcyqzmdqj`~ nq„x tznqj hceecm fcy {jc{`j |gc gdvj xqycmlhcmvjyxncm jw{jynjmhjx qc jmqjy |nqg d `cq cf jd`- Dma ijhdzxj cf qgdq qgj~„yj xzxhj{qni`j dqqgdq {jynca nm qgjny `nfj qc |gdqjvjy najdx qgj~ gd{{jm qc ij jw{cxja qc dq qgj qnej ij`njvnmlqgje qc ij qgj xczma najdx cy {ynmhn{`jx cf qgnx mj| dac{qja yj`nlncm
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The Dilemna of Islam in the Current Century
Fourteen centuries after the Prophethood of the last Messenger Muhammad (salawatullahi Alayhi), and after the formal closing of the gates of ijtihad of the four madhahibs within the Sunni Tradition, the evolution of Islamic Philosophical Thought,…
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