Logic of Phantasy 63

Jacques Lacan
雅克 拉康

Lacan Seminar 14:

The Logic of Fantasy 15
幻见的逻辑
Seminar 15: Wednesday 15 March 1967

I want to give all the time, usually reserved for our talk to Dr. Green, whom you see on my right. I am

beginning, then, a little bit earlier to say very quickly the few words of introduction that I have thought of

for this occasion, without moreover knowing in advance, even, that he had, as he has just told me, many

things to tell us, namely, that very probably he will take the whole hour and a half. There you are.

我通常要将所有时间，保留跟格林博士对话，你们看见他正坐在我的右边。首先，在这个场合，我开始几

句我想到的介绍话。而且，我事先没有预想到，他会有许多话要告诉我们，也许他会占用整整一个小时半。

Good. In virtue of the secret and always very sure texture of my super-ego, since today, in short,

implicitly, I have given myself a holiday, I found a way to have to speak yesterday evening at 5 o'clock,

at 5 o'clock in the evening, to the young psychiatric generation at Sainte-Anne. That means, good God,

to the generation of analytic candidates.

由于我的超我私心作祟，总之，今天我要让自己清闲一下。昨天晚上五点钟，我设法跟聖安娜医院，这位

年轻的新一代精神分析师谈话。换句话说，就是跟这一代的精神分析师博士候选人。

What was I doing there? In truth, not a lot, given that those who had preceded me, and specifically my

pupils and the ones best equipped to teach them what is destined to illuminate them about my teaching,

Mme Aulagnier for example, Piera (what will we not found on this pierra? ....), Serge Leclaire, even

Charles Melman, to name them alphabetically, and even others...yes... .

我在那里做些什麽？事实上，没有什麽，因为在我之前，我以前的一些学生，现在充当那里的教授，他们

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已经将我的教学廣播出去。例如，欧拉尼女士，皮耶拉，雪吉、列克来，查理、梅曼，我只是按照字母顺序

提出几位名字，还有一些、、、是的。

Well then, apart from the distraction that pushes me sometimes to say "yes" when I am asked

something. I had all the same some reasons to be there. Namely, that all of this was happening in the

framework of a teaching which is that of my old friend, of my old comrade, Henri Ey. There you are ... .

有人插问，所以我不得不回答一声「是的」，当我在提问题的时候。我在那里的理由，非常充分。换句话说，

这些都发生在教学的架构当中，我的老朋友，我的老同志。艾亨利、请。

Our generation, since it is the same, Henri Ey's and mine, had then some role. This old comrade, in

particular, is the one to whom, in my opinion, I would easily give pride of place, as regards a function

which is nothing other than the one that I would call that of a civiliser.

我们这一代，艾亨利跟我，当时扮演某些角色。特别是我的这位老同志，依我之见，我很容易以这身份沾

沾自喜，因为那道道地地就是我所谓「啟蒙者」的角色。

(2) It is difficult for you to imagine what the students' residence was like in Sainte-Anne, when the two of

us arrived there, with others also who had more or less the same vocation, but in fact, who broke down

on the way!

（第二）你们很难想像在聖安娜医院，学生的宿舍会是什麽样子。当我们两个人，跟几位类似身份的人到

达那里，事实上，有几位在途中就有状况。

The under-development, as I might say, as regards logical arrangements, since we are talking about

logic here, were really, at this level, around 1925, huh! - it is not yesterday - something extraordinary.

Well then, since that time, Henri Ey introduced his great machine: organodynamism ... it is a doctrine. It

is a false doctrine, but an incontestably civilising one, in this respect, it has fulfilled its role. One could

say that there is not, in the field of psychiatric hospitals, a single mind that has not been touched by the

questions that this doctrine puts in the forefront and these questions are questions of the greatest

importance.

我不妨说，那个地方很落後，就逻辑的安排来说。我们既然谈到逻辑，那个地方在1925 年左右，真的是这

个水準。但是昨天不一样，好得出奇！自从那时，艾亨利就介绍他的新发明「器官动力学」。那是一个原理，

一个假的原理，但是无可争议地，那是个啟蒙的原理，在这一方面，它已经实践它的角色。我们可以说，

在精神分析诊所的领域，没有人不被这个原理坦然面对的问题感动，这些问题是非常重要的。

That the doctrine is false is almost secondary as compared to this effect. First of all, because it cannot

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be

otherwise. It cannot be otherwise, because it is a medical doctrine. It is necessary, it is essential for the

status of medicine, that it should be dominated by a doctrine. We have always seen that. The day when

there is no longer any doctrine, there will no longer be any medicine either. On the other hand, it is no

less necessary, as experience proves, that this doctrine should be wrong; otherwise it would not be able

to lend its support to the medical status.

比起它产生的影响，这个原理的假变得是次要。首先，它不得不假，因为它是一个医学的原理。这对於医学

的地位是很重要的，因为医学要有原理引导。我们总是看到这样。有朝一日，原理不再存在，医学也会荡然

无存。在另一方面，精神分析经验证明，这个原理同样有需要是错误的，否则它将无助於支持医学的地位。

When the sciences - with which medicine now surrounds itself and helps itself, allows itself ... opens

itself to them on all sides - have joined together at the centre, well then, there will no longer be a

medicine. There will perhaps still be psychoanalysis, which will then constitute medicine. But this will

really be a pity, because it will be a definitive obstacle for psychoanalysis becoming a science. This is

why I do not wish it.

在各个方面，医学以科学环绕自己，帮助自己，容许自己，开放自己。当科学在中心鞏固一切，医学的精

神就荡然无存。可能精神分析学依旧还是存在，因此还是构成医学的存在。但是这样的现象是可悲的，因为

那就是一个明确的阻碍，对於成为科学的精神分析学。这是为什麽，我不希望是如此。

Well then, last night, I was lead before this chosen audience, to speak about the operation of alienation.

About which, I think, for the majority, given that people do not move so easily from Sainte-Anne to the

Ecole Normale, (It is a long way!), I thought that, for them, I ought - for those who constitute in short the

sector that is summoned to psychoanalytic responsibilities, in other words, for those who are going to

become psychoanalysts - I thought I ought to pinpoint for them, because this was really the place, to

pinpoint for them how there is posed, as one might say, what is called the inaugural choice which is, as

you know, a false choice because it is a forced choice.

昨天晚上，我被引介给这些精英的听丛，谈到疏离的运作。关於疏离，我想对於大多数听丛，我考虑到他

们要从聖安娜医院到艾科、诺梅尔大学，远途跋涉並不容易。我想，对於他们，我应该跟他们强调，总之，

他们是那个地区，将担负精神分析责任的人，换句话说，他们将成为精神分析师。这确实是一个机会，可

以让我跟他们强调，会有所谓初始的选择这样的问题被提出，我不妨说，这个初始的选择是一个虚假的选

择，因为它是一个强迫性的选择。

What are the names suitable for this choice in this central sector of those who are going to be in charge

in the future? So then, as a way, like that, of getting them to prick up their ears, I gave it suitable names,

appropriate names. I am forced to allude to it, because it is rare for even restricted conversations like

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these to remain secret, especially in a students' residence, and something about these names may

come to your ears in the form of some echoes, as something to gloat over. They are not (3) necessarily

helpful names, obviously.

对於将来要负责精神分析治疗这个中心区块的人，这个初始的选择适当的名字是什麽呢？为了要引起他们

聆听的興趣，我给予它一些适当的名字，一些专有的名字。我忍不住要提到这件事，因为像这样的内部的

谈话，迟早会传播开来，特别是在学生宿舍里。我给予的那些名字，传到你们耳边，会成为八卦笑谈，你

们可不要幸災乐祸。显而易见，那些名字未必有多大帮助。

But between the "I am not thinking" and "I am not", this has not advanced either, as regards a larger

sector, as the fundamental constituents of this primary alienation. This is not very helpful either for the

totality of this zone that I detach in the human field, in the shape of the field of the subject. Either he is

not thinking, or he is not. Moreover, this changes if you put it in the third person. It is indeed a matter of

the "I am not thinking" or "I am not". So then, this tempers a good deal the value of terms that I used last

night, especially if you think that in virtue of the operation of alienation, one of these two terms always

remains excluded.

但是关於一个更大的区块，在「我没有正在思想」，跟「我没有实存」之间，这个问题並没有被提出，当着是

原初的疏离的基本要素。这对於这个地区的整体性，並没有多大的帮助，虽然我把它从人性的领域分离出

来，从生命的主体的领域分离出来。要就是，主体没有正在思想，要不然就是，主体並没有实存。而且，你

若是加入第三个人，情况还会改变。这个问题确实是「我没有正在思想」，或是「我没有实存」。因此，这会使

我昨天晚上所使用的两个术语的价值，转变缓和。特别是假如你们认为，憑藉疏离的运作，这两个术语，

会有一个总是被排除在外。

Then, I showed that the one which remains safe on a completely different value, that is in a way

positive, in proposing itself - in imposing itself even - as a scalar term (terme d'echelle) which proposes

itself, precisely, to the criticism of what I invoked at that moment, that I invoked by considering that the

proper position of a candidate is criticism. It was very urgent. Because if the old situation was that of the

underdevelopment of logic, the current situation in this generation, through a sort of paradox and by an

effect which is precisely that of analysis, the incidence, casus, of the best optimism, may be in many of

these cases pessimus, the worst. The others were underdeveloped in logic, but these have a tendency

to be its monks. I mean that in the way that monks withdraw from the world, they withdraw also from

logic. They wait until their analysis is finished to think about it.

因此，我显示，在一完全不同的价值领域很稳定的这术语，某方面是积极的，当它提出自己，赋予自己，

充当一个衡量的术语。当我考虑到一个博士候选人的立场，我提出这样的术语，会是一种批评，或引起批

评。那是会引起紧张的，因为假如处於逻辑不发达的古老情况，这一代的目前状况，透过某种的矛盾，透

过精神分析的矛盾的影响，本来是乐观的展望，在当时的许多的情况，反而会变成最糟糕的状况。还有一

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些状况，是逻辑不发达的状况，但是他们会有退隐当僧侣的倾向。我的意思是，僧侣从这个世界隐退，也

从幻见的逻辑隐退。他们会等到他们的精神分析完成，他们才去思考这个问题。

雄伯译

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