Prepared byWisam Al-ShalchiPetroleum Expert
Baghdad – 2006
Contents
3
IntroductionChapter One
The Development of the GTL Technology
6Introduction1 -9Definition of the GTL Process2 -10The Synthesis Gas3 -12Methods of Producing Synthesis Gas4 -19Fischer–Tropsch Method to Produce Synthetic Fuels5 -22Mechanism of Fischer-Tropsch Reaction6 -25Kinds of Fischer-Tropsch Operations7 -26Upgrading Fischer–Tropsch Products8 -27Specifications of the GTL Products9 -
Chapter Two
Kinds of GTL Technologies
32Introduction1 -33Sasol's GTL Technology2 -40Shell's GTL Technology3 -43ExxonMobile's GTL Technology4 -44Syntroleum's GTL Technology5 -47Other GTL Technology6 -53GTL Plants7 -
Chapter Three
Gas to Liquids (GTL) Economics
57Introduction1 -58Process Challenges and Drivers of a GTL Plant2 -62Factors Affecting the GTL Economics3 -69The Future of the GTL Industry from the EconomicOutlook4 -
1
Chapter Four
Potential Impacts of the GTL Industry
72Introduction1 -73The GTL Industry and the Environment2 -78The Impacts of GTL Industry on Refiners3 -85The Impacts of the GTL Industry on the LNG ProductionIndustry4 -88The Impacts of the GTL Industry on the Utilization of theClean Fuels5 -91The Future of the GTL Industry from the IndustrialOutlook6 -
Chapter Five
The Gas to Liquids (GTL) Projects
95Introduction1 -97The GTL Projects Around the World2 -99The GTL Projects in the Arab Countries3 -
Chapter Six
The Possibility of Using The GTL Technology in Iraq
107The Iraqi Natural Gas Reserves and Production1 -109The Iraqi Natural Gas Fields2 -110Natural Gas Processing in Iraq3 -111Development of the Iraqi Natural Gas Fields4 -118The Possibility of Building a GTL Project in Iraq5 -
Chapter Seven
Conclusions and Recommendations
122Conclusions Concerning The GTL Technologies1 -1Conclusions Concerning the Economy of the GTLTechnology222 -1Conclusions Concerning the Effects of the GTLTechnology on Oil Refining Industry243 -125Conclusions Concerning The Utilization of the GTLTechnology in Iraq4 -126General Conclusions5 -127Recommendations6 -129
References
2
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Gas to Liquids (GTL) Technology
A research that describes the different technologies used for the chemical change of natural gas into synthetic liquid crud oil
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