INPEX
INPEX INDONESIA HEAL TH HIGHLIGHT
INDONESIA HSE Department
VOLUME I/28/09/2010
ALARM SIGNALS
Severe Abdominal pain
Abrupt change from
fever to hypothermia
Change in level of con-
sciousness
Persistent vomit
Persistent bleeding
from any site like nose
and gum
PREVENTION
Be aware of peak exposure times
and places .Peak biting activity for
Aedes aegepty mosquito is during
daylight hours
Wear appropriate clothing. by
wearing long-sleeved shirts, long
pants, socks and closed shoes
instead of sandals may reduce
risk
Insecticide treated Bed nets
(ITN): When accommodations
are not adequately screened or
air conditioned, bed nets are
essential to provide protection .If
bed nets do not reach the floor,
they should be tucked under
mattresses.
Optimum protection can be
provided by applying repellents
to the exposed skin area
Prevent Aedes from Breeding by
draining out water from various
containers
Remove ALL sources of stagnant
water
TREATMENT
Like most viral diseases there is
no specific cure for dengue fever.
Antibiotics do not help. Paraceta-
mol is the drug of choice to bring
down fever and joint pain. Other
medicines such as Aspirin and
Ibuprofen should be avoided since
they can increase the risk of
bleeding
DENGUE FEVER AND
DENGUE HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER
What is Dengue fever Correlation between dengue cases and rain-
(DF) and Dengue hemor- fall as studied in Indonesia - A five year study
rhagic fever (DHF)?
Dengue Fever is an illness
caused by infection with a virus
transmitted by the Female Aedes
aegepty mosquito and it can be
fatal.
Occasionally the patient may
develop bleeding. Common sites
for bleeding are nose, gums or
skin. Sometimes, the patient may
have coffee ground vomiting or
black stools. This indicates bleed-
ing in gastro intestinal tracts and
it is serious. The patient with
Be aware about the dengue season
dengue who has bleeding has
dengue haemorrhagic fever The cases start increasing after start of rainfall
and significantly peaks at about 9 weeks of
(DHF ). Rarely the patient suffer-
rainfall that is the time of the outbreak. Note
ing from dengue may develop that the blue line is rainfall and the red line is
shock, then it is called dengue dengue cases
shock syndrome ( DSS).
When should I suspect
Dengue?
Dengue should be suspected
when you have sudden onset of
fever. The fever is high 39-40
degrees C. It is accompanied with
severe headache (mostly in the
forehead), pain behind the eyes,
body aches and pains, rash on
the skin and nausea or vomiting.
The fever lasts for 5-7 days. In
some patients, fever comes down
on 3rd or 4th day but comes back.
How can someone get
When should a patient suffering from Dengue go to the hospital
dengue fever?
or consult a doctor?
Dengue fever occurs following
Generally the progress towards dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome
the bite of an infected mosquito occur after 3-5 days of fever. At this time, fever has often come down. This may mis-
Aedes aegypti.This type of mos- lead many of us to believe that the patient is heading towards recovery. In fact, this is
quito has a peculiar white spot- the most dangerous period that requires high vigilance . The signs and symptoms that
ted body and legs and is easy to should be looked for are severe pain in the abdomen, persistent vomiting, bleeding
recognize even by laymen. It from any site like, bleeding in the skin appearing as small red or purplish spots, nose
breeds in clean water and has a bleed, bleeding from gums, passage of black stools like coal tar. Bring the patient to
the hospital whenever the first two signs, namely, severe pain in the abdomen and
flight range of only 100 – 200
persistent vomiting are detected. Usually it is too late if we wait until bleeding has
metres. occurred.
The mosquito gets the Dengue The most dangerous type of dengue is the dengue shock syndrome. It is recognized
virus after biting a human being by signs like excessive thirst, pale and cold skin (due to very low blood pressure),
infected with dengue virus. restlessness and a feeling of weakness.
Patients suspected to be suffering from dengue hemorrhagic fever or
dengue shock syndrome should be admitted to a hospital without delay