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«..this city was called Kolachi, named after °
 
 



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by Baloch tribes from Balochistan, from Makran, and established as a fishing village and thus we
became the city by the sea.

Before the goddess of the waters, before Mai Kolachi called this her home, Karachi was known to
the ancient Greeks as Krokola. This was where Alexander the Great rested after his campaign in
the Indus Valley. Karachi or Krokola was a port of calm before the madness that would greet
Alexander in Babylonia.

Later, Karachi became a brief gem among the jewels of the Talpur crown. It became a port city,
coveted by those near and far. 

³Charles Napier brought our city, our home, into the Bombay Presidency. The British, with little
affection, worked Karachi into the ground. We were enslaved, made to open our harbour and our
coast for the ill-gotten wealth of pirates. How little has changed, Karachi. How sad for us. But we
are a jewel; we are to be envied for these shores. Kemari, Korangi, Landhi, Malir, how many
men and women make up this jewel?

Parsis, Christians, Jews, Muslims and Hindus how many faiths have congregated here to pay
homage to the divine? How many wonderful strains of tolerance we did have here in our city, our
home. Baloch, Sindhi, Punjabi, Gujrati, Mujahir, Pathan, Afghan how many brothers we have
living here with us under the same sun. Unfortunately, we do not live as one, not as we used to.
Divided by districts, neighborhoods, and hate, we brothers and sisters are not as fortunate as we
once were. But we are here. We are this city. We, the men and women who live in Karachi, who
have lived in Karachi, who work and struggle and toil through disproportionately large KESC bills,
through hefty taxes ignored by those who should pay, through hartals, through bunds, through
riots and death, we are this city. We are Karachi 


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³In the early 18th century Karachi was a small fishing village called Kalachi-jo-Goth. A group of
traders moved there from the decaying port of Kharak Bandar about 16 miles (26 kilometers)
west. In 1839 it was captured by the British, who annexed it in 1842«« Between 1843 and 1864
a river-steamer service, port improvements, a railway, and a direct telegraph communications
link with London were established.

With the opening of the Suez Canal in 1869, Karachi became a principal seaport. When the
adjoining region of the Punjab emerged as the granary of India in the 1890s, Karachi became the
main outlet for its grain. By 1914 the city had become the largest grain-exporting port of the
British Empire.´

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³The city is said to derive its name from Mumbai Devi, a Hindu goddess, although some claim
that Bombay is a corruption of the Portuguese bom baia, meaning ³good harbor.´ Prior to the
establishment of a Portuguese trading post in 1534, the islands were inhabited only by fishermen
living in scattered hamlets. The Portuguese did not value the site as much as
Goa, about 200 miles (320 kilometers) to the south, and they ceded Bombay to England in 1661
as part of the dowry transferred at the marriage of Catherine of Braganza to the English king
Charles II.

A large fort, called the Castle, was completed in 1717. The first dock facilities were opened by
1750. Growth was steady, as befitted a city housing the headquarters of the British East India
Company (1672-1858). The greatest period of growth, however, occurred in the 1860s. The
American Civil War cut off the supply of Southern cotton to British textile mills, and the mill
owners turned to western India for their raw material. Somewhat earlier, in 1851, the Indian
cotton textile industry itself had been born in Bombay. The opening of the Suez Canal in 1869
made Bombay even more important as a trading center. The building of railways
in the 1860s and 1870s gave Bombay direct connections to all the other major points throughout
the country.´

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³In the central part of the city the houses of the British colonial
period are characterized by red tiles and deep verandahs enclosed by
latticed window screens.´ Of the 400,000 inhabitants almost all. were
Bombay Hindus who lived in the then posh localities of Jamshed Road,
Clifton, Burns Road etc.

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³Karachi has a public school system, but there are many private schools, some of which are
associated with religious denominations such as Christianity, Zoroastrianism, and Islam. The
University of Karachi (1951), located about 7 miles (11 kilometers) from the city, is the main
educational institution. It has more than 20 graduate departments in arts and sciences as well as
a school of business administration. In addition the city has colleges of medicine, engineering,
home economics, and numerous polytechnic institutes´. 

³Some buildings built after independence in 1947 follow contemporary Western design, while
others incorporate features of traditional Muslim architecture. Frere Hall, built in 1865, now
houses the National Museum and Liaquat Memorial Library. Other libraries are the Karachi
University Library and the National Archives Library. The Town Hall, built of red sandstone, is
now the seat of city government. Memon Masjid (1960), also on Bundar Road, is a red sandstone
mosque that is typical of Muslim architecture, with friezes and screens patterned in intricate
mosaic designs.´


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