abacus an instrument for performing calculations by sliding counters along rods or in grooves

abandon to give (oneself) over unrestrainedly

abase To lower in rank, prestige, or esteem

abash to destroy the self-possession or self-confidence of:disconcert

abate to reduce in degree or intensity:MODERATE:to reduce in value or amount

abbreviate to make briefer; especially :to reduce to a shorter form intended to stand for the whole

abdicate to relinquish (as sovereign power) formally

aberrant deviating from the usual or natural type:ATYPICAL

abet to assist or support in the achievement of a purpose

abeyance temporary inactivity:SUSPENSION

abhor to regard with extreme repugnance

abiding to remain stable or fixed in a state

abject cast down in spirit

abjure to renounce upon oath

abnegate SURRENDER, RELINQUISH

abolish To do away with; annul

abolitionism principles or measures fostering abolition especially of slavery

aboveboard be in a straightforward manner

abrasion a wearing, grinding, or rubbing away by friction

abridge to shorten by omission of words without sacrifice of sense:CONDENSE

abrogate to abolish by authoritative action:ANNUL

abscond to depart secretly and hide oneself

absolve to set free from an obligation or the consequences of guilt

abstain to refrain deliberately and often with an effort of self-denial from an action or practice

abstemious marked by restraint especially in the consumption of food or alcohol

abstinent voluntary forbearance especially from indulgence of an appetite or craving or from eating some foods:ABSTENTION

abstract having only intrinsic form with little or no attempt at pictorial representation or narrative content

abstruse difficult to comprehend:RECONDITE

abuse to attack in words:REVILE

abysmal immeasurably low or wretched

accede to express approval or give consent:give in to a request or demand

accelerate to move faster:gain speed

accessible capable of being understood or appreciated

accessory present in a minor amount and not essential as a constituent

accidental occurring unexpectedly or by chance

acclimate to adapt to a new temperature, altitude, climate, environment, or situation

accolade an expression of praise

accommodat
to provide with something desired, needed, or suited (as a helpful service, a loan, or lodgings)
e

accomplice one associated with another especially in wrongdoing

accost to approach and speak to often in a challenging or aggressive way

accrete ACCUMULATE

accumulate to gather or pile up especially little by little:AMASS

accuse to charge with a fault or offense:BLAME

acerbity Sourness of taste, character, or tone.

achromatic designating color perceived to have zero saturation and therefore no hue, such as neutral grays, white, or black

acme the highest point or stage

acquiesce to accept, comply, or submit tacitly or passively

acquisition the act of acquiring

acquit to discharge completely

acre A unit of area in the U.S. Customary System, used in land and sea floor measurement

acrid sharp and harsh or unpleasantly pungent in taste or odor:IRRITATING

acrimonious caustic , biting , or rancorous especially in feeling, language, or manner

acumen mental keenness

ad lib without restraint or limit , to speak, sing, or act without a script, saying whatever words come into one's mind

adamant unshakable or immovable especially in opposition:UNYIELDING

adapt to make fit (as for a specific or new use or situation) often by modification

addendum textual matter that is added onto a publication; usually at the end

addict to devote or surrender (oneself) to something habitually or obsessively

addicted be addicted to

adherent one that adheres:as a follower of a leader, party, or profession

adhesive Tending to adhere; sticky.

adjacent having a common endpoint or border also immediately preceding or following

adjourn to suspend a session indefinitely or to another time or place

adjunct something joined or added to another thing but not essentially a part of it

ad-lib with little or no preparation or forethought

admission the act or process of admitting

admonish to express warning or disapproval to especially in a gentle, earnest, or solicitous manner

adore to regard with loving admiration and devotion

adroit having or showing skill, cleverness, or resourcefulness in handling situations

adulate to flatter or admire excessively or slavishly

adulterate to corrupt, debase, or make impure by the addition of a foreign or inferior substance or element stickler

adumbrate to suggest or disclose partially

adversary one that contends with, opposes, or resists:ENEMY

advert to turn the mind or attention

advertise to announce publicly especially by a printed notice or a broadcast

advocate to plead in favor of

aerate to supply (the blood) with oxygen by respiration

aerial of, relating to, or occurring in the air or atmosphere

adj. a branch of philosophy dealing with the nature of beauty, art, and taste and with the creation and appreciation of
aesthetic
beauty

aesthetics The branch of philosophy that deals with the nature and expression of beauty

affable characterized by ease and friendliness

affected assumed artificially or falsely:PRETENDED

affection tender attachment:FONDNESS

affidavit a sworn statement in writing made especially under oath or on affirmation before an authorized magistrateor officer

affiliate to bring or receive into close connection as a member or branch

affiliation joining; associating with

affinity likeness based on relationship or causal connection

afflict a:to distress so severely as to cause persistent suffering or anguish b:TROUBLE, INJURE

affliction n.

affluent having a generously sufficient and typically increasing supply of material possessions

agenda a list or outline of things to be considered or done

aggrandize to make appear great or greater:praise highly

aggravate to make worse, more serious, or more severe:intensify unpleasantly

aggregate to collect or gather into a mass or whole

aggressive Inclined to behave in a hostile fashion.

aggrieve to give pain or trouble to:DISTRESS

agonized suffered extreme pain or great anguish.

agony intense pain of mind or body:ANGUISH, TORTURE

airtight impermeable to air or nearly so

alacrity promptness in response:cheerful readiness

albino an organism exhibiting deficient pigmentation

a medieval chemical science and speculative philosophy aiming to achieve the transmutation of the base metals into
alchemy
gold, the discovery of a universal cure for disease, and the discovery of a means of indefinitely prolonging life

alibi an excuse usually intended to avert blame or punishment

align to bring into line or alignment

allay to subdue or reduce in intensity or severity:ALLEVIATE

allegiance devotion or loyalty to a person, group, or cause

allegory the expression by means of symbolic fictional figures and actions of truths or generalizations abouthuman existence

alleviate RELIEVE, LESSEN

alliterate the repetition of usually initial consonant sounds in two or more neighboring words or syllables

allowance a share or portion allotted or granted

allude to make indirect reference; broadly:REFER

aloft at or toward the upper rigging.

aloof removed or distant either physically or emotionally

alphabetical arranged in the order of the letters of the alphabet

altitude Vertical distance or elevation above any point or base-level, as the sea.

altruism unselfish regard for or devotion to the welfare of others

amalgamate to merge into a single body

amass to collect for oneself:ACCUMULATE

ambiguous doubtful or uncertain especially from obscurity or indistinctness

ambivalent continual fluctuation (as between one thing and its opposite)

amble to walk slowly or leisurely; stroll

ambrosial suggestive of ambrosia; fragrant or delicious

ameliorate to make better or more tolerable

amenable readily managed; willing to be led

amenity something that conduces to comfort, convenience, or enjoyment

amiable being friendly, sociable, and congenial

amicable characterized by friendly goodwill:PEACEABLE

amiss in a faulty way:IMPERFECTLY

amorphous having no definite form:SHAPELESS

any of a class (Amphibia) of cold-blooded vertebrates (as frogs, toads, or salamanders) intermediate in many
amphibian
characters between fishes and reptiles and having gilled aquatic larvae and air-breathing adults

amplify to make larger or greater (as in amount, importance, or intensity):INCREASE

amplitude the quality or state of being ample:FULLNESS

amulet a charm (as an ornament) often inscribed with a magic incantation or symbol to protect the wearer against evil (as
 disease or witchcraft) or to aid him

anaerobic living, active, occurring, or existing in the absence of free oxygen

analgesic insensibility to pain without loss of consciousness

a:resemblance in some particulars between things otherwise unlike:SIMILARITY b:comparison based on such
analogy
resemblance

analysis separation of a whole into its component parts

anarchist one who rebels against any authority, established order, or ruling power

anathema the denunciation of something as accursed

ancestor one from whom a person is descended and who is usually more remote in the line of descent than a grandparent

ancillary serving as an aid or accessory; auxiliary

anecdote a usually short narrative of an interesting, amusing, or biographical incident

anemic lacking force, vitality, or spirit

anesthetic lacking awareness or sensitivity

anhydrous free from water and especially water of crystallization

animation possessing or characterized by life:ALIVE

animus a usually prejudiced and often spiteful or malevolent ill will

annals a record of events arranged in yearly sequence

annotate comment; make explanatory notes

annoy to disturb or irritate especially by repeated acts

annul to declare or make legally invalid or void

anodyne something that soothes, calms, or comforts

anomalous inconsistent with or deviating from what is usual, normal, or expected:IRREGULAR, UNUSUAL

anonymous not named or identified

antagonize to incur or provoke the hostility of

antediluvian made, evolved, or developed a long time ago

anterior coming before in time or development

anthology a collection of selected literary pieces or passages or works of art or music

antic characterized by clownish extravagance or absurdity

anticipatory to give advance thought, discussion, or treatment to

antidote a remedy to counteract the effects of poison

antipathy settled aversion or dislike:DISTASTE

antiquate To make old or out of date.

antiquated existing since or belonging to earlier times:ANCIENT

antiseptic opposing sepsis, putrefaction, or decay;

anvil a heavy usually steel-faced iron block on which metal is shaped

apathy lack of feeling or emotion:IMPASSIVENESS

apex the highest or culminating point

aphorism a terse formulation of a truth or sentiment:ADAGE

apiary a place where bees are kept; especially :a collection of hives or colonies of bees kept for their honey

aplomb poise

apocalyptic forecasting the ultimate destiny of the world:PROPHETIC

apocrypha writings or statements of dubious authenticity

apologist one who speaks or writes in defense of someone or something

Allusion to something by denying that it will be mentioned, as in I will not bring up my opponent's questionable
apophasis
financial dealings

apoplectic greatly agitated

apostasy renunciation of a religious faith

apostrophe a mark ' used to indicate the omission of letters or figures, the possessive case, or the plural of letters or figures

apothecary one who prepares and sells drugs or compounds for medicinal purposes

appall to overcome with consternation, shock, or dismay

apparel to put clothes on:DRESS

appeal to make an earnest request

appealing having appeal:PLEASING

appease to bring to a state of peace or quiet:CALM

appellation A name, title, or designation.

appetite an inherent craving

applause approval publicly expressed

applicant one who applies

appoint to name officially

apposite highly pertinent or appropriate:APT

appreciable capable of being perceived or measured

apprehensio
suspicion or fear especially of future evil:FOREBODING
n

apprentice an inexperienced person:NOVICE

approbation COMMENDATION, PRAISE

appropriate 1. to take or make use of without authority or right 2. especially suitable or compatible:FITTING

approval The act of approving

approve to have or express a favorable opinion of

approximate nearly correct or exact

apropos being both relevant and opportune

apt unusually fitted or qualified:READY

aquatic growing or living in or frequenting water

aqueduct a conduit for water

aquifer a water-bearing stratum of permeable rock, sand, or gravel

any of a class (Arachnida) of arthropods comprising chiefly terrestrial invertebrates, including the spiders, scorpions,
arachnid mites, and ticks, and having a segmented body divided into two regions of which the anterior bears four pairs of legs
but no antennae

arbor a shelter of vines or branches or of latticework covered with climbing shrubs or vines

arboreal of, relating to, or resembling a tree

archaic of, relating to, or characteristic of an earlier or more primitive time:ANTIQUATED

the original pattern or model of which all things of the same type are representations or copies:PROTOTYPE; also :a
archetype
perfect example

archipelago an expanse of water with many scattered islands

architect a person who designs buildings and advises in their construction

archive a place in which public records or historical documents are preserved

arctic bitter cold:FRIGID

ardor extreme vigor or energy:INTENSITY

arduous hard to accomplish or achieve:DIFFICULT

argot an often more or less secret vocabulary and idiom peculiar to a particular group

arid excessively dry

armory a place where arms and military equipment are stored

arrest to make inactive

arresting catching the attention:STRIKING, IMPRESSIVE

arrhythmic lacking rhythm or regularity

arrogance a feeling or an impression of superiority manifested in an overbearing manner or presumptuous claims

arroyo a brook; a creek ;a water-carved gully or channel

arsenal a:an establishment for the manufacture or storage of arms and military equipmentb:a collection of weapons

articulate to give clear and effective utterance to:put into wordsratiocination:thinking:articulation:talking

artifacts something created by humans usually for a practical purpose; especially :an object remaining from a particular period

artifice false or insincere behavior

artless free from guile or craft:sincerely simple

ascendant governing or controlling influence:DOMINATION

ascent an upward slope or rising grade:ACCLIVITY

ascetic austere in appearance, manner, or attitude

aseptic preventing infection

askew out of line:AWRY

aspect a position facing a particular direction:EXPOSURE

asperity roughness of manner or of temper:HARSHNESS

aspersion slanderous remark

aspirant One who aspires, as to advancement, honors, or a high position.

aspiration a strong desire to achieve something high or great

assert to state or declare positively and often forcefully or aggressively

assess to determine the importance, size, or value of

asset the entire property of a person, association, corporation, or estate applicable or subject to the payment of debts

assiduous marked by careful unremitting attention or persistent application

assuage to lessen the intensity of (something that pains or distresses):EASE

assume to take to or upon oneself:UNDERTAKE

astounding causing astonishment or amazement

astute having or showing shrewdness and perspicacity

asylum an inviolable place of refuge and protection giving shelter to criminals and debtors:SANCTUARY

asymmetrical not of equal size or similar shape:

atone to supply satisfaction for:EXPIATE

atrocious extremely wicked, brutal, or cruel:BARBARIC

attenuate to lessen the amount, force, magnitude, or value of:WEAKEN

A person legally appointed by another to act as his or her agent in the transaction of business, specifically one
attorney
qualified and licensed to act for plaintiffs and defendants in legal proceedings

audacious intrepidly daring:ADVENTUROUS

audible heard or capable of being heard

augur to foretell especially from omens

auspicious affording a favorable auspice:PROPITIOUS

austere markedly simple or unadorned

authenticity not false or imitation:REAL, ACTUAL

authoritative having the weight of authority; dictatorial

authority power to influence or command thought, opinion, or behavior

autocracy government in which one person possesses unlimited power

avarice excessive or insatiable desire for wealth or gain:GREEDINESS, CUPIDITY

aversion a feeling of repugnance toward something with a desire to avoid or turn from

avid characterized by enthusiasm and vigorous pursuit

avulse to separate, cut, or tear off by avulsion

awash covered with water:FLOODED

an emotion variously combining dread, veneration, and wonder that is inspired by authority or by the sacred or
awe
sublime

awkward lacking dexterity or skill

awl a pointed tool for marking surfaces or piercing small holes (as in leather or wood)

awning a rooflike cover extending over or in front of a place (as over the deck or in front of a door or window) as a shelter

awry in a turned or twisted position or direction:ASKEW

babble to utter meaningless or unintelligible sounds

backhanded INDIRECT, DEVIOUS; especially:SARCASTIC

backset SETBACK

badge a device or token especially of membership in a society or group

badger to harass or annoy persistently

badinage playful repartee:BANTER

baffle to check or break the force or flow of by or as if by a baffle

ENTICE, LUREto attack in speech or writing as by derision or insult; to gall or exasperate by repeated wanton
bait
attacks

baleful deadly or pernicious in influence

balk to check or stop by or as if by an obstacle:BLOCK

balky refusing or likely to refuse to proceed, act, or function as directed or expected

ballad a narrative composition in rhythmic verse suitable for singing

ballast Heavy material that is placed in the hold of a ship or the gondola of a balloon to enhance stability.

ballet a theatrical art form using dancing, music, and scenery to convey a story, theme, or atmosphere

balm a balsamic resin, especially:one from small tropical evergreen trees

balmy having the qualities of balm:SOOTHING

bamboozle to deceive by underhanded methods:DUPE, HOODWINK

ban to prohibit especially by legal means ban:protect

banal lacking originality, freshness, or novelty:TRITE

baneful productive of destruction or woe:seriously harmful

to drive out or remove from a home or place of usual resort or continuance, especially compulsory removal from a
banish
country not necessarily one's own

banister a handrail with its supporting posts

banquet a sumptuous feast; especially :an elaborate and often ceremonious meal for numerous people often in honor of a
 person

barb a biting or pointedly critical remark or comment

barbarous mercilessly harsh or cruel

bareface Having no covering over the face.

barefaced OPEN, UNCONCEALED

bargain to negotiate over the terms of a purchase, agreement, or contract:HAGGLE

baroque characterized by grotesqueness, extravagance, complexity, or flamboyance

barren lacking vegetation, especially useful vegetation

barter to trade by exchanging one commodity for another

base being of comparatively low value and having relatively inferior properties

baseboard a molding covering the joint of a wall and the adjoining floor

bathetic exceptional commonplaceness:TRITENESS

bedeck to clothe with finery:DECK

bedlam a place, scene, or state of uproar and confusion

belabor to explain or insist on excessively

beleaguer TROUBLE, HARASS

belie to show (something) to be false or wrong

belittle to speak slightingly of:DISPARAGE

bellicose favoring or inclined to start quarrels or wars

belligerence an aggressive or truculent attitude, atmosphere, or disposition

bellwether One that serves as a leader or as a leading indicator of future trends

bemoan to express deep grief or distress over

bend to make submissive:SUBDUE,COMPROMISE

benediction the invocation of a blessing

beneficent doing or producing good; especially :performing acts of kindness and charity

benign a:showing kindness and gentleness b:FAVORABLE, WHOLESOME

bent a strong inclination or interest:BIAS

bequest something bequeathed:LEGACY

berate to scold or condemn vehemently and at length

beseech to request earnestly:IMPLORE

besmirch SULLY, SOIL

betray to deliver to an enemy by treachery

a list of writings with time and place of publication (such as the writings of a single author or the works referred to
bibliography
in preparing a document etc.)
bibliophile a lover of books especially for qualities of format; also :a book collector

bigot a person obstinately or intolerantly devoted to his or her own opinions and prejudices

bit the jaws of tongs or pincers

bland not irritating, stimulating, or invigorating:SOOTHING

blandishment something that tends to coax or cajole:ALLUREMENT

blase bored with pleasure or dissipation

blaspheme to speak of or address with irreverence

blast a violent gust of wind

blatant completely obvious, conspicuous, or obtrusive especially in a crass or offensive manner:BRAZEN

blazon to publish widely:PROCLAIM

bleach to remove color or stains from

blemish to spoil by a flaw

blight a disease or injury of plants resulting in withering, cessation of growth, and death of parts without rotting

bliss complete happiness

blunder a gross error or mistake resulting usually from stupidity, ignorance, or carelessness

blunt to make less sharp or definite

blur to make indistinct and hazy in outline or appearance;obscure

blurb A brief publicity notice, as on a book jacket.

blurt to utter abruptly and impulsively ? usually used with out

bluster to talk or act with noisy swaggering threats

boding an omen, prediction, or presentiment especially of coming evil:PORTENT ,FOREBODING

boggle to hesitate because of doubt, fear, or scruples

boisterous noisily turbulent:ROWDY

bolster a structural part designed to eliminate friction or provide support or bearing

bombast pretentious inflated speech or writing

bonhomie good-natured easy friendliness

bonus something in addition to what is expected or strictly due

boo to deride especially by uttering boo

boon BENEFIT, FAVOR

boor a rude or insensitive person

bootless USELESS, UNPROFITABLE

bore to make a hole by or as if by boring

bottleneck NARROW {bottleneck:indefinite} ??????

bough a branch of a tree; especially :a main branch

 a:to make secure by tying b:to confine, restrain, or restrict as if with bonds c:to put under an obligation d:to
bound
constrain with legal authority

box to fight with the fists:engage in boxing box:fight:debate:argue

bracing giving strength, vigor, or freshness

an overhanging member that projects from a structure (as a wall) and is usually designed to support a vertical load
bracket
or to strengthen an angle

brackish REPULSIVE

braggadocio a:empty boasting b:arrogant pretension:COCKINESS

braid made by intertwining three or more strands

braided Produced by or as if by braiding

brake to retard or stop by a brake

brash done in haste without regard for consequences

brassy being shamelessly bold

brattish an ill-mannered annoying child

bravura marked by an ostentatious display of skill

bray to emit (an utterance or a sound) loudly and harshly

brazen marked by contemptuous boldness

breach to make a breach in

breezeway a roofed often open passage connecting two buildings (as a house and garage) or halves of a building

brevity shortness or conciseness of expression

bribe to induce or influence by or as if by bribery

bridle to restrain, check, or control with or as if with a bridle

brisk keenly alert:LIVELY

bristle to take on an aggressive attitude or appearance (as in response to a slight)

brittle easily broken, cracked, or snapped

broach to open for the first time

bromide a commonplace or hackneyed statement or notion

browbeat to intimidate by a stern manner or arrogant speech

bruit to noise abroad:REPORT

buck to refuse assent:BALK

bucolic relating to or typical of rural life

budge to give way:YIELD

buffer to lessen the shock of:CUSHION

buffoon a ludicrous figure:CLOWN

bulge a protuberant or swollen part or place

bully one habitually cruel to others who are weaker

bumper a device for absorbing shock or preventing damage

bumptious presumptuously, obtusely, and often noisily self-assertive:OBTRUSIVE

bungle to act or work clumsily and awkwardly

buoy support;uplift

buoyant a:capable of floating b:CHEERFUL, GAY

burgeon to grow and expand rapidly:FLOURISH

burial the act or process of burying

burlesque mockery usually by caricature

burnish to make shiny or lustrous especially by rubbing numb:insensible:burnish:lustrous

burrow to construct by tunneling

busybody an officious or inquisitive person

butt to thrust or push head foremost:strike with the head or horns

1. to furnish or shore up with a buttress; also :SUPPORT, STRENGTHEN 2. a projecting structure of masonry or
buttress
wood for supporting or giving stability to a wall or building

bygone gone by:PAST; especially:OUTMODED

byline a line at the beginning of a news story, magazine article, or book giving the writer's name

the artifices and intrigues of a group of persons secretly united to bring about an overturn or usurpation especially in
cabal
public affairs

cache hiding place

cacophony harsh or discordant sound:DISSONANCE

cadet one in training for a military or naval commission; especially :a student in a service academy

cadge BEG, SPONGE

caisson a usually 2-wheeled vehicle for artillery ammunition attachable to a horse-drawn limber

cajole to persuade with flattery or gentle urging especially in the face of reluctance:COAX

calamity An event that brings terrible loss, lasting distress, or severe affliction; a disaster:

calcify to make inflexible or unchangeable

calibrate to determine, rectify, or mark the graduations of

calligrapher one who writes a beautiful

callous a:feeling no emotion b:feeling no sympathy for others

callow lacking adult sophistication:IMMATURE

callus a thickening of or a hard thickened area on skin or bark

the amount of heat required at a pressure of one atmosphere to raise the temperature of one gram of water one
calorie
degree Celsius that is equal to about 4.19 joules

calumniate to utter maliciously false statements, charges, or imputations about

camaraderie a spirit of friendly good-fellowship

a:a small piece of sculpture on a stone or shell cut in relief in one layer with another contrasting layer serving as
cameo
backgroundb:A brief but dramatic appearance of a prominent actor, as in a single scene of a motion picture.

camouflage behavior or artifice designed to deceive or hide

candidate one that aspires to or is nominated or qualified for an office, membership, or award

candor unreserved, honest, or sincere expression:FORTHRIGHTNESS

cane A stick used as an aid in walking or carried as an accessory

canon a regulation or dogma decreed by a church council

canonical appearing in a biblical canon ; of or relating to or required by canon law

canopy a cover (as of cloth) fixed or carried above a person of high rank or a sacred object:BALDACHIN

cantankerous difficult or irritating to deal with

canvas a piece of cloth backed or framed as a surface for a painting

canvass to seek orders or votes:SOLICIT

canyon a deep narrow valley with steep sides and often with a stream flowing through it

capitulate to cease resisting:ACQUIESCE

caprice a sudden, impulsive, and seemingly unmotivated notion or action

caption the part of a legal document that shows where, when, and by what authority it was taken, found, or executed

captivate to influence and dominate by some special charm, art, or trait and with an irresistible appeal

carefree Free of worries and responsibilities.

careworn showing the effect of grief or anxiety

caricature exaggeration by means of often ludicrous distortion of parts or characteristics

carnal fleshly

carouse to drink liquor deeply or freely

carp to find fault or complain querulously

cartographer one that makes maps

cast the set of actors in a dramatic production; to assign a certain role to (an actor)

castigate to subject to severe punishment, reproof, or criticism

castigation severe punishment

catalyze BRING ABOUT, INSPIRE supervisor:oversight,catalysis:initiate

cataract WATERFALL; especially:a large one over a precipice

catastrophe a momentous tragic event ranging from extreme misfortune to utter overthrow or ruin

categorical ABSOLUTE, UNQUALIFIED

cater to supply what is required or desired

catholic COMPREHENSIVE, UNIVERSAL; especially :broad in sympathies, tastes, or interests

caustic marked by incisive sarcasm

cavalier A gallant or chivalrous man, especially one serving as escort to a woman of high social position; a gentleman

caveat a warning enjoining one from certain acts or practices

cavern CAVE; especially:one of large or indefinite extent

cavil to raise trivial and frivolous objection

cavort to walk or move in a spirited manner:PRANCE

cede to yield or grant typically by treaty

celebrity the state of being celebrated

cement a binding element or agency:as a substance to make objects adhere to each other

censor to examine in order to suppress or delete anything considered objectionable

censorious marked by or given to censure

censure to find fault with and criticize as blameworthy

census a count of the population

a machine using centrifugal force for separating substances of different densities, for removing moisture, or for
centrifuge
simulating gravitational effects

of or relating to the manufacture of any product (as earthenware, porcelain, or brick) made essentially from a
ceramic
nonmetallic mineral (as clay) by firing at a high temperature

ceremony a formal act or series of acts prescribed by ritual, protocol, or convention

certitude the state of being or feeling certain

cessation a temporary or final ceasing (as of action):STOP

chaff the seed coverings and other debris separated from the seed in threshing grain

chagrin disquietude or distress of mind caused by humiliation, disappointment, or failure

any of a family (Chamaeleontidae) of chiefly arboreal Old World lizards with prehensile tail, independently
chameleon
movable eyeballs, and unusual ability to change the color of the skin

champion to act as militant supporter of:UPHOLD, ADVOCATE

chaotic a:a state of utter confusion b:a confused mass or mixture

charade a word represented in riddling verse or by picture, tableau, or dramatic action

charlatan one making usually showy pretenses to knowledge or ability:FRAUD, FAKER

chary discreetly cautious:as a:hesitant and vigilant about dangers and risks b:slow to grant, accept, or expend

chasm a deep cleft in the surface of a planet (as the earth):GORGE

check to block the progress of

chef a skilled cook who manages the kitchen (as of a restaurant)

cherubic innocent-looking usually chubby and rosy

a sleeve badge that usually consists of one or more chevron-shaped stripes that indicates the wearer's rank and
chevron
service (as in the armed forces)

chiaroscuro the interplay or contrast of dissimilar qualities, pictorial representation in terms of light and shade without regard to
 color

chic smart elegance and sophistication especially of dress or manner:STYLE

chicanery deception by artful subterfuge or sophistry:TRICKERY

chide to voice disapproval to:reproach in a usually mild and constructive manner:SCOLD

chip a small usually thin and flat piece (as of wood or stone) cut, struck, or flaked off

choke to check normal breathing of by compressing or obstructing the trachea or by poisoning or adulterating available air

choleric easily moved to often unreasonable or excessive anger:hot-tempered

chord three or more musical tones sounded simultaneously

choreography the composition and arrangement of dances especially for ballet

chorus a body of singers who perform choral compositions

chronic always present or encountered; especially :constantly vexing, weakening, or troubling

chronicle a usually continuous historical account of events arranged in order of time without analysis or interpretation

chronological of, relating to, or arranged in or according to the order of time

churlish marked by a lack of civility or graciousness:SURLY

cinder small piece of partly burnt coal, wood, etc that is no longer burning but may still be hot

cineast a film or movie enthusiast

cipher a method of transforming a text in order to conceal its meaning

circuitous not being forthright or direct in language or action

circumference the perimeter of a circle

circumlocutory the use of an unnecessarily large number of words to express an idea

circumscribe to construct or be constructed around (a geometrical figure) so as to touch as many points as possible

circumspect careful to consider all circumstances and possible consequences:PRUDENT

circumvent to manage to get around especially by ingenuity or stratagem

cistern an artificial reservoir (as an underground tank) for storing liquids and especially water (as rainwater)

citation an official summons to appear (as before a court)

civility COURTESY, POLITENESS

clairvoyant unusually perceptive:DISCERNING

clamp device for holding things tightly together, usu by means of a screw

clandestine marked by, held in, or conducted with secrecy:SURREPTITIOUS

clarion loud and clear

clarity the quality or state of being clear:LUCIDITY

clasp a device (as a hook) for holding objects or parts together

claustrophobia abnormal dread of being in closed or narrow spaces

cleft a usually V-shaped indented formation:a hollow between ridges or protuberances

clement inclined to be merciful:LENIENT

cliche a trite phrase or expression

clique a narrow exclusive circle or group of persons; especially one held together by common interests, views, or purposes

clog something that shackles or impedes:ENCUMBRANCE

closed-minded not easily subdued, remedied, or removed

closet a cabinet or recess for especially china, household utensils, or clothing

clot a coagulated mass produced by clotting of blood

cloture closing, device (in Parliament) to end a debate by voting

cloudburst a sudden copious rainfall

clout PULL, INFLUENCE

cloying excessively sweet or sentimental

clumsy lacking dexterity, nimbleness, or grace

coagulant something that produces coagulation

coalesce to unite into a whole:FUSE

coarse not precise or detailed with respect to adjustment or discrimination

coax to manipulate with great perseverance and usually with considerable effort toward a desired state or activity

coda a concluding musical section that is formally distinct from the main structure

coerce to bring about by force or threat

coeval of the same or equal age, antiquity, or duration

cogent appealing forcibly to the mind or reason:CONVINCING

cognizant knowledgeable of something especially through personal experience

colander a perforated utensil for washing or draining food

collapse to fall or shrink together abruptly and completely

collude CONSPIRE, PLOT

colonnade a series of columns set at regular intervals and usually supporting the base of a roof structure

colossal of a bulk, extent, power, or effect approaching or suggesting the stupendous or incredible

coma a state of profound unconsciousness caused by disease, injury, or poison

combustible capable of combustion

comely having a pleasing appearance:not homely or plain

comity friendly social atmosphere:social harmony

commencemen
1. the ceremonies or the day for conferring degrees or diplomas 2. an act, instance, or time of beginning
t

commend to mention with approbation:PRAISE

commensurate equal in measure or extent:COEXTENSIVE

commercial an advertisement broadcast on radio or television

commingle mingle together

commitment an engagement to assume a financial obligation at a future date

committed OBLIGATE, BIND

commodious comfortably or conveniently spacious:ROOMY

commonsense sound and prudent but often unsophisticated judgment

commotion an agitated disturbance:TO-DO

compendium a brief summary of a larger work or of a field of knowledge:ABSTRACT

compensate to offset an error, defect, or undesired effect

complacency COMPLACENCE; especially :self-satisfaction accompanied by unawareness of actual dangers or deficiencies

complaisance disposition to please or comply:AFFABILITY

compliant ready or disposed to comply:SUBMISSIVE

compliment expressing or containing a compliment

comply to conform or adapt one's actions to another's wishes, to a rule, or to necessity

composed free from agitation:CALM; especially :SELF-POSSESSED

compress to reduce in size or volume as if by squeezing

compromise 1. to come to agreement by mutual concession 2. to cause the impairment of

compunction anxiety arising from awareness of guilt

concatenate to link together in a series or chain

concede to grant as a right or privilege

concentrate to bring or direct toward a common center or objective:FOCUS

concerted mutually contrived or agreed on

concerto a piece for one or more soloists and orchestra with three contrasting movements

concession an act of yielding

APPEASE:to cause to subside:ALLAY especially :to buy off (an aggressor) by concessions usually at the sacrifice
conciliate
of principles

concise marked by brevity of expression or statement:free from all elaboration and superfluous detail

conciseness Expressing much in few words

concomitant that which accompanies

concord a state of agreement:HARMONY

concur to act together to a common end or single effect

condemn to declare to be reprehensible, wrong, or evil usually after weighing evidence and without reservation

condescending showing or characterized by condescension:PATRONIZING

condign deserved, appropriate

condole to express sympathetic sorrow

condone to pardon or overlook voluntarily; especially :to treat as if trivial, harmless, or of no importance

conducive tending to promote or assist

confess to disclose one's faults; specifically :to unburden one's sins or the state of one's conscience to God or to a priest

confidant one to whom secrets are entrusted

confident characterized by assurance; especially :SELF-RELIANT

confine something that restrains

confluence a coming or flowing together, meeting, or gathering at one point

conform to be similar or identical; also :to be in agreement or harmony

confront to face especially in challenge:OPPOSE

congeal to make viscid or curdled:COAGULATE

congenial OCIABLE, GENIAL congenial:bonhomie ???:?? 9????:

congruent superposable so as to be coincident throughout

conjecture inference from defective or presumptive evidence

connive to cooperate secretly or have a secret understanding

EXPERT; especially :one who understands the details, technique, or principles of an art and is competent to act as a
connoisseur
critical judge

conquest the act or process of conquering

conscientious Thorough and assiduous

consensus group solidarity in sentiment and belief

conservative tending or disposed to maintain existing views, conditions, or institutions:TRADITIONAL

conservatory a school specializing in one of the fine arts

conserve to keep in a safe or sound state

considerable worth consideration:SIGNIFICANT

to give, transfer, or deliver into the hands or control of another; also :to commit especially to a final destination or
consign
fate

console to alleviate the grief, sense of loss, or trouble of:COMFORT

consolidate to join together into one whole:UNITE

consonance harmony or agreement among components

conspicuous obvious to the eye or mind

conspiracy An agreement to perform together an illegal, wrongful, or subversive act.

constellation the configuration of stars.

constitute to appoint to an office, function, or dignity

constrained to appoint to an office, function, or dignity

constringe to cause to contract; constrict.

consult COUNCIL, CONFERENCE; specifically :a deliberation between physicians on a case or its treatment

consummate Complete in every detail; of the highest degree; extremely skilled and accomplished.

contagious communicable by contact:CATCHING

contaminate to soil, stain, corrupt, or infect by contact or association

contemplate to view or consider with continued attention:meditate on consider

contempt the act of despising:the state of mind of one who despises:DISDAIN

content feeling or manifesting satisfaction with one's possessions, status, or situation

contentious exhibiting an often perverse and wearisome tendency to quarrels and disputes

contingent likely but not certain to happen:POSSIBLE

contort to twist into or as if into a strained shape or expression

contortion contortingor being contorted (esp of the face or body)

contradictory involving, causing, or constituting a contradiction

contravene to oppose in argument:CONTRADICT

contrite grieving and penitent for sin or shortcoming

contrived ARTIFICIAL, LABORED

control an individual or group used as a standard of comparison in a control experiment

contumacious stubbornly disobedient:REBELLIOUS

conundrum a:a question or problem having only a conjectural answer b:an intricate and difficult problem

convalesce to recover health and strength gradually after sickness or weakness

convenience something (as an appliance, device, or service) conducive to comfort or ease

convention usage or custom especially in social matters

conventional lacking originality or individuality:TRITE

convergent tending to move toward one point or to approach each other:CONVERGING

conversant having frequent or familiar association

convert to bring over from one belief, view, or party to another

convex curved or rounded like the exterior of a sphere

convey to transfer or deliver to another

conviction 1. a strong persuasion or belief 2. the act or process of convicting of a crime especially in a court of law

convivial relating to, occupied with, or fond of feasting, drinking, and good company

convoke to call together to a meeting

convoluted INVOLVED, INTRICATE

convulsion an abnormal violent and involuntary contraction or series of contractions of the muscles

coop a cage or small enclosure (as for poultry)

copious present in large quantity:taking place on a large scale

coquette a woman who endeavors without sincere affection to gain the attention and admiration of men

cord a unit of wood cut for fuel equal to a stack 4 x 4 x 8 feet or 128 cubic feet

cordon a line of persons or objects around a person or place

cornucopia an inexhaustible store:ABUNDANCE

coronation the act or occasion of crowning; also :accession to the highest office

having, consisting of, or relating to a physical material body:as a:not spiritual b:not immaterial or
corporeal
intangible:SUBSTANTIAL

corral a pen or enclosure for confining or capturing livestock

corroborate to support with evidence or authority:make more certain

corrosive tending or having the power to corrode

cosmopolitan having worldwide rather than limited or provincial scope or bearing

cosset to treat as a pet:PAMPER

coterie an intimate and often exclusive group of persons with a unifying common interest or purpose

countenance to extend approval or toleration to:SANCTION

counterfeit made in imitation of something else with intent to deceive:FORGED

counterpart one of two corresponding copies of a legal instrument:DUPLICATE

court to seek the affections of; especially :to seek to win a pledge of marriage from

courtesy a courteous act or expression

coven an assembly or band of usually 13 witches

covetous marked by inordinate desire for wealth or possessions or for another's possessions

cow to destroy the resolve or courage of

cowardice lack of courage or resolution

cower to shrink away or crouch especially for shelter from something that menaces, domineers, or dismays

cozen cheat; hoodwink; swindle

craft skill in planning, making, or executing:DEXTERITY

cramp restricted; narrowed

crass having or indicating such grossness of mind as precludes delicacy and discrimination

craven lacking the least bit of courage:contemptibly fainthearted

craving an intense, urgent, or abnormal desire or longing

credence acceptance as true or valid; belief

credulous ready to believe especially on slight or uncertain evidence

creek a natural stream of water normally smaller than and often tributary to a river

creep to move slowly,quietly and carefully, esp so as not to attract attention

crescendo a gradual increase; specifically :a gradual increase in volume of a musical passage

crest the top of a wave

crestfallen feeling shame or humiliation:DEJECTED

criterion a standard on which a judgment or decision may be based

crockery EARTHENWARE

partiality to cronies especially as evidenced in the appointment of political hangers-on to office without regard to
cronyism
their qualifications

to sing or speak in a gentle murmuring manner; especially :to sing in a soft intimate manner adapted to amplifying
croon
systems

crouch to bend or bow servilely:CRINGE

crown to place a crown or wreath on the head of; specifically :to invest with regal dignity and power

crucial important or essential as resolving acrisis:DECISIVE

crude marked by the primitive, gross, or elemental or by uncultivated simplicity or vulgarity

crutch a support typically fitting under the armpit for use by the disabled in walking

crux an essential point requiring resolution or resolving an outcome

cryptic having or seeming to have a hidden or ambiguous meaning:MYSTERIOUS

cuisine manner of preparing food:style of cooking; also:the food prepared

culpable meriting condemnation or blame especially as wrong or harmful

cultivated REFINED, EDUCATED

cumbersome unwieldy because of heaviness and bulk

cunning characterized by wiliness and trickery

one that has the care and superintendence of something; especially:one in charge of a museum, zoo, or other place
curator
of exhibit

curmudgeon a crusty, ill-tempered, and usually old man

curriculum A group of related courses, often in a special field of study:

cursory rapidly and often superficially performed or produced:HASTY

curt sparing of words:TERSE

curtail to make less by or as if by cutting off or away some part

cyclone a storm or system of winds that rotates about a center of low atmospheric pressure, and often brings heavy rain

having or showing the attitude or temper of a cynic; especially :contemptuously distrustful of human nature and
cynical
motives

dabble to work or involve oneself superficially or intermittently especially in a secondary activity or interest

daft SILLY, FOOLISH

dally to act playfully; especially :to play amorously b:to deal lightly:TOY

damp MOISTURE, HUMIDITY, DAMPNESS

damper a dulling or deadening influence

dandy a man who gives exaggerated attention to personal appearance

dank unpleasantly moist or wet

dapper neat and trim in appearance

dappled marked with small spots or patches contrasting with the background

daredevil a recklessly bold person

dart to move suddenly or rapidly fall

dastard a person who acts treacherously or underhandedly

daunt to lessen the courage of:COW, SUBDUE

dawdle to move lackadaisically

deactivate to make inactive or ineffective

deaden to impair in vigor or sensation:BLUNT

deadpan marked by an impassive matter-of-fact manner, style, or expression

dearth an inadequate supply:LACK

debark To unload, as from a ship or an airplane.

debase to lower in status, esteem, quality, or character

debilitate to impair the strength of:ENFEEBLE

debonair LIGHTHEARTED, NONCHALANT

debris the remains of something broken down or destroyed

debunk to expose the sham or falseness of

debut a first appearance

decadence the process of becoming decadent:the quality or state of being decadent

decant to pour out, transfer, or unload as if by pouring

decelerate to reduce the speed of:slow down

a unit for expressing the relative intensity of sounds on a scale from zero for the average least perceptible sound to
decibel
about 130 for the average pain level

decipher a:to make out the meaning of despite indistinctness or obscurity b:to interpret the meaning of

decode to convert (as a coded message) into intelligible form

decorum propriety and good taste in conduct or appearance

decrepit wasted and weakened by or as if by the infirmities of old age

dedication a devoting or setting aside for a particular purpose

default a failure to pay financial debts

deference respect and esteem due a superior or an elder; also:affected or ingratiating regard for another's wishes

deficiency an amount that is lacking or inadequate:SHORTAGE

defile a narrow passage or gorge

definitive serving to provide a final solution or to end a situation

defoliate to deprive of leaves especially prematurely

deforest the action or process of clearing of forests; also :the state of having been cleared of

defraud to deprive of something by deception or fraud

deft characterized by facility and skill

defuse to make less harmful, potent, or tense

defy to challenge to do something considered impossible:DARE

to remove bound water or hydrogen and oxygen from (a chemical compound) in the proportion in which they form
dehydrate
water

deify To worship or revere as a god

deject to make gloomy

deleterious harmful often in a subtle or unexpected way

deliberate to think about or discuss issues and decisions carefully

delicacy the quality or state of being dainty:FINENESS

delinquent offending by neglect or violation of duty or of law

deliquesce To dissolve gradually and become liquid by absorption of moisture from the air.

delirium a mental disturbance characterized by confusion, disordered speech, and hallucinations

delude to mislead the mind or judgment of:DECEIVE, TRICK

deluge adj. an overflowing of the land by water b:a drenching rain

delve to make a careful or detailed search for information

demagogue a leader who makes use of popular prejudices and false claims and promises in order to gain power

demanding requiring much time, effort, or attention:EXACTING

demise DIE, DECEASE

the statistical study of human populations especially with reference to size and density, distribution, and vital
demography
statistics

demolition the act of demolishing; especially :destruction in war by means of explosives

a:to weaken the morale of:DISCOURAGE, DISPIRIT b:to upset or destroy the normal functioning of c:to throw
demoralize
into disorder

demotic Of or relating to the common people; popular

demur to take exception:OBJECT

denigrate to cast aspersions on:DEFAME

denouement the final outcome of the main dramatic complication in a literary work

denounce to pronounce especially publicly to be blameworthy or evil

dent a depression or hollow made by a blow or by pressure

denude to strip of all covering or surface layers

denunciate to pronounce especially publicly to be blameworthy or evil

depart to go away:LEAVE

depict to represent by or as if by a picture

deplete to lessen markedly in quantity, content, power, or value

deplore to feel or express strong disapproval of; condemn.

deploy to extend (a military unit) especially in width

deportation the removal from a country of an alien whose presence is unlawful or prejudicial

depose to testify to under oath or by affidavit

deposit to lay down or leave behind by a natural process

depravity a corrupt act or practice

deprecate BELITTLE, DISPARAGE

depreciate to lower the price or estimated value of

depress to press down

deprivation the state of being deprived:PRIVATION; especially :removal from an office, dignity, or benefice

deracinate UPROOT

derelict a destitute homeless social misfit:VAGRANT, BUM

deride to subject to usually bitter or contemptuous ridicule

derivative lacking originality:BANAL

derogatory expressive of a low opinion:DISPARAGING

descendant one deriving directly from a precursor or prototype

descent an inclination downward:SLOPE

desecrate to violate the sanctity of:PROFANE

desert to withdraw from or leave usually without intent to return

desiccate to preserve (a food) by drying:DEHYDRATE

designate appointed to a job (but not yet having officially started it)

despair to lose all hope or confidence

despicable deserving to be despised:so worthless or obnoxious as to rouse moral indignation

despise to look down on with contempt or aversion

despondent feeling or showing extreme discouragement, dejection, or depression

dessert a usually sweet course or dish (as of pastry or ice cream) served at the end of a meal

desultory disappointing in progress or performance:SLUGGISH

detach to separate especially from a larger mass and usually without violence or damage

detain to hold or keep in or as if in custody

deter to turn aside, discourage, or prevent from acting

detestable arousing or meriting intense dislike:ABOMINABLE

detour to send by a circuitous route

detract to diminish the importance, value, or effectiveness of something

detritus a product of disintegration, destruction, or wearing away

deviation noticeable or marked departure from accepted norms of behavior

devise to form in the mind by new combinations or application of and ideas or principles

devolve deputize; pass to others

devoted devote:to give over or direct (as time, money, or effort) to a cause, enterprise, or activity

devout devoted to religion or to religious duties or exercises

dew moisture condensed upon the surfaces of cool bodies especially at night

dexterous mentally adroit and skillful:CLEVER

diabolic of, relating to, or characteristic of the devil:DEVILIS

diabolize To represent as diabolical

diagnose to recognize (as a disease) by signs and symptoms

diaphanous characterized by such fineness of texture as to permit seeing through

diatribe a bitter and abusive speech or writing

didactic designed or intended to teach

any of various tools or devices for imparting a desired shape, form, or finish to a material or for impressing an
die
object or material

diehard strongly or fanatically determined or devoted

diffident hesitant in acting or speaking through lack of self-confidence

diffuse being at once verbose and ill-organized

digit A human finger or toe.

dignity quality or state of being worthy, honored, or esteemed

digress to turn aside especially from the main subject of attention or course of argument

dilapidate to bring into a condition of decay or partial ruin

dilate to enlarge or expand in bulk or extent:DISTEND, WIDEN

dilatory characterized by procrastination:TARDY

dilettante a person having a superficial interest in an art or a branch of knowledge:DABBLER

diligent characterized by steady, earnest, and energetic effort:PAINSTAKING

dilute to diminish the strength, flavor, or brilliance of by admixture

dimension measurement of any sort

diminish to make or become smaller ,less, or less important

din a loud continued noise; especially :a welter of discordant sounds

dingus an ornamental attachment or decoration:DOODAD

dingy SHABBY, SQUALID

diocesan a bishop having jurisdiction over a diocese

diplomatic of or engaged in diplomacy; tactful or suave

dire DISMAL, OPPRESSIVE

dirge a song or hymn of grief or lamentation; especially :one intended to accompany funeral or memorial rites

disabuse to free from error, fallacy, or misconception

disaffected discontented and resentful especially against authority REBELLIOUS

disagreeable causing discomfort:UNPLEASANT, OFFENSIVE

disarm to deprive of means, reason, or disposition to be hostile

disarray (n.) (state of) disorder

disavow to deny responsibility for:REPUDIATE

discard to get rid of especially as useless or unpleasant

discernible distinguishable; perceivable

discerning showing insight and understanding:DISCRIMINATING

discharge to dismiss from employment

disciple one who accepts and assists in spreading the doctrines of another

discipline a rule or system of rules governing conduct or activity

disclaim to renounce a legal claim to

discography a descriptive list of phonograph records by category, composer, performer, or date of release

discombobulat
to confuse or disconcert
e

discomfit to put into a state of perplexity and embarrassment:DISCONCERT

discommode to cause inconvenience to:TROUBLE

discompose to destroy the composure of

disconcert to throw into confusion

discord lack of agreement or harmony (as between persons, things, or ideas)

discourse formal and orderly and usually extended expression of thought on a subject

discredit to deprive of good repute:DISGRACE

discrepancy Divergence or disagreement, as between facts or claims; difference.

discrete (adj.) separate; individually distinct; composed of distinct parts

discretion the quality of being discreet:CIRCUMSPECTION; especially :cautious reserve in speech frivolous

discretionary left to discretion:exercised at one's own discretion

discriminate to mark or perceive the distinguishing or peculiar features of

discursive moving from topic to topic without order:RAMBLING

disdain a feeling of contempt for what is beneath one:SCORN

disembody To free (the soul or spirit) from the body

disengage to release from something that engages or involves

disentangle (v.) to free from confusion

disgorge to discharge by the throat and mouth:VOMIT

disgruntle to make ill-humored or discontented , usually used as a participial adjective

disguise to furnish with a false appearance or an assumed identity

disgust marked aversion aroused by something highly distasteful:REPUGNANCE

dishevel to throw into disorder or disarray

disinclination a preference for avoiding something:slight aversion

disinfect to free from infection especially by destroying harmful microorganisms

disinterested free from selfish motive or interest:UNBIASED

disjunctive marked by breaks or disunity

dismantle to take to pieces; also :to destroy the integrity or functioning of

disparage to depreciate by indirect means (as invidious comparison):speak slightingly about

disparate containing or made up of fundamentally different and often incongruous elements

dispassionate not influenced by strong feeling; especially :not affected by personal or emotional involvement

dispatch promptness and efficiency in performance or transmission

disposal systematic destruction; especially :destruction or transformation of garbage

disquiet to take away the peace or tranquillity of:DISTURB, ALARM

disregard pay no attention to treat (sth) as of no importance; ignore

disrupt to throw into disorder

dissect to analyze and interpret minutely

dissemble to put on a false appearance:conceal facts, intentions, or feelings under some pretense

disseminate to spread abroad as though sowing seed

dissension DISAGREEMENT; especially:partisan and contentious quarreling

dissent to withhold assent

dissertation an extended usually written treatment of a subject; specifically :one submitted for a doctorate

dissipate dispel; squander

dissociate to separate from association or union with another

dissolute lacking restraint; especially :marked by indulgence in things

dissolve to cause to pass into solution to separate into component parts:DISINTEGRATE

dissonance lack of agreement; especially :inconsistency between the beliefs one holds or between one's actions and one's beliefs

dissuade to advise (a person) against something

distention the act of distending or the state of being distended especially unduly or abnormally

distillation the process of purifying a liquid by successive evaporation and condensation

distinction the quality or state of being distinguishable

distinguished marked by eminence, distinction, or excellence

distort to twist out of the true meaning or proportion

distract to draw or direct (as one's attention) to a different object or in different directions at the same time

distraught agitated with doubt or mental conflict

distress great pain/cause discomfort

district

ditch a long narrow excavation dug in the earth

ditty an especially simple and unaffected song

diurnal of, relating to, or occurring in the daytime

diver part of a country or town having a particular quality

diverge to move or extend in different directions from a common point:draw apart

divert to turn from one course or use to another:DEFLECT

divestiture the act of divesting

divulge to make known (as a confidence or secret)

doctrine a principle or position or the body of principles in a branch of knowledge or system of belief:DOGMA

dodder to progress feebly and unsteadily

doff to remove (an article of wear) from the body

dogged marked by stubborn determination

loosely styled and irregular in measure especially for burlesque or comic effect; also:marked by triviality or
doggerel
inferiority

doggo in hiding

dogma something held as an established opinion;especially:a definite authoritative tenet

doldrums state or period of inactivity, stagnation, or slump

dolorous causing, marked by, or expressing misery or grief

dolt a stupid person

domicile a dwelling place:place of residence:HOME

domination supremacy or preeminence over another

don to put on (an article of clothing)

donor one that gives, donates, or presents something

doodle an aimless or casual scribble, design, or sketch

dour STERN, HARSH

downpour a pouring or streaming downward; especially:a heavy rain

a:the senior member of a body or group b:a person considered to be knowledgeable or uniquely skilled as a result of
doyen
long experience in some field of endeavor

doze to fall into a light sleep

draconian CRUEL; also:SEVERE

drain to exhaust physically or emotionally

drawl to utter in a slow lengthened tone

dreary having nothing likely to provide cheer, comfort, or interest:GLOOMY, DISMAL

drench to wet thoroughly (as by soaking or immersing in liquid)

drivel to utter in an infantile or imbecilic way

drizzle a fine misty rain

droll having a humorous, whimsical, or odd quality

drone to speak in a monotonous tone:

droplet a tiny drop (as of a liquid)

drudgery dull, irksome, and fatiguing work:uninspiring or menial labor

dubious questionable or suspect as to true nature or quality

dulcet pleasing to the ear

dull lacking brilliance or luster

dullard a stupid or unimaginative person

dune a hill or ridge of sand piled up by the wind

dupe one that is easily deceived or cheated:FOOL

dwelling a shelter (as a house) in which people live

dyspeptic INDIGESTION

eaglet a young eagle

earnest characterized by or proceeding from an intense and serious state of mind

earplug device of pliable material for insertion into the outer opening of the ear (as to keep out water or deaden sound)

earshot the range within which the unaided voice may be heard

earsplitting distressingly loud or shrill

easel An upright frame for supporting something, such as an artist's canvas

eavesdrop to listen secretly to the private conversation of others

ebb recede; lessen

ebullience the quality of lively or enthusiastic expression of thoughts or feelings:EXUBERANCE

eccentric deviating from conventional or accepted usage or conduct especially in odd or whimsical ways

an arrangement of a body of troops with its units each somewhat to the left or right of the one in the rear like a series
echelon
of steps
eclat brilliant or conspicuous success

eclectic selecting what appears to be best in various doctrines, methods, or styles

eclipse a falling into obscurity or decline; also :the state of being eclipsed

ecstasy a state of overwhelming emotion; especially :rapturous delight

ecstatic feeling great rapture or delight

ecumenical worldwide or general in extent, influence, or application

eddy circular or spiral movement (e.g. of wind)

edifice BUILDING; especially :a large or massive structure

efface to make (oneself) modestly or shyly inconspicuous

effervesce to show liveliness or exhilaration

effete having lost character, vitality, or strength

effluvia a by-product especially in the form of waste

effulgent radiant splendor:BRILLIANCE

effusive characterized or formed by a nonexplosive outpouring of lava

egalitarian a belief in human equality especially with respect to social, political, and economic rights and privileges

egocentric concerned with the individual rather than society

elaborate marked by complexity, fullness of detail, or ornateness

elastic capable of being easily stretched or expanded and resuming former shape:FLEXIBLE

elated marked by high spirits:EXULTANT

eleemosynary of, relating to, or supported by charity

elegant of a high grade or quality:SPLENDID

elegy a song or poem expressing sorrow or lamentation especially for one who is dead

elephantine having enormous size or strength:MASSIVE

elevate to raise in rank or status:EXALT

elf a small lively creature; also :a usually lively mischievous or malicious person

elicit to draw forth or bring out

elitism leadership or rule by an elite

ellipse a closed plane curve resulting from the intersection of a circular cone and a plane cutting completely through it

the omission of one or more words that are obviously understood but that must be supplied to make a construction
ellipsis
grammatically complete

elliptical of or relating to deliberate obscurity (as of literary or conversational style)

elongate to extend the length of

elucidate to give a clarifying explanation

emaciate to cause to lose f unaffectlesh so as to become very thin

emanate to come out from a source

emancipate to free from restraint, control, or the power of another; especially :to free from bondage

embargo a legal prohibition on commerce

embark to make a start

embarrass to place in doubt, perplexity, or difficulties

embed to enclose closely in or as if in a matrix

embezzle to appropriate (as property entrusted to one's care) fraudulently to one's own use

embolden to instill with boldness or courage

embrace close encircling with the arms and pressure to the bosom especially as a sign of affection:HUG

emigrate to leave one's place of residence or country to live elsewhere

eminence one that is eminent, prominent, or lofty:as a person of high rank or attainments

emphasis special consideration of or stress or insistence on something

emulate strive to equal or excel

enact to establish by legal and authoritative act; specifically:to make (as a bill) into law

enamel a hard calcareous substance that forms a thin layer capping the teeth

enclosure something that encloses

encomium glowing and warmly enthusiastic praise;

encompass 1. to form a circle about:ENCLOSE obsolete :to go completely around 2. to form a circle about:ENCLOSE

encounter to come upon face-to-face

encumber to impede or hamper the function or activity of:HINDER

a work that contains information on all branches of knowledge or treats comprehensively a particular branch of
encyclopedia
knowledge usually in articles arranged alphabetically often by subject

endorse to approve openly especially:to express support or approval of publicly and definitely

enduring LASTING, DURABLE

enervate to lessen the vitality or strength of

enfeeble to make feeble:deprive of strength

enfranchise to endow with a franchise:as to admit to the privileges of a citizen and especially to the right of suffrage

engender to cause to exist or to develop:PRODUCE

engross to take or engage the whole attention of:occupy completely

enigmatic of, relating to, or resembling an enigma:MYSTERIOUS

enlighten to furnish knowledge to:INSTRUCT

enmity positive, active, and typically mutual hatred or ill will

ennoble to make noble:ELEVATE

ennui a feeling of weariness and dissatisfaction:BOREDOM

enrapture to fill with delight

ensconce settle comfortably

enslave to reduce to or as if to slavery:SUBJUGATE

ensue to take place afterward or as a result

entangle to wrap or twist together:INTERWEAVE

enthusiasm strong excitement of feeling:ARDOR

entice to attract artfully or adroitly or by arousing hope or desire:TEMPT

entrance to carry away with delight, wonder, or rapture

entrap to catch in or as if in a trap

entreaty an act of entreating:PLEA

entry a descriptive record (as in a card catalog or an index)

enumerate to specify one after another:LIST

enunciate a:to make a definite or systematic statement of b:ANNOUNCE, PROCLAIM

envision to picture to oneself

ephemeral lasting a very short time

epic extending beyond the usual or ordinary especially in size or scope

epicure one with sensitive and discriminating tastes especially in food or wine

a concise poem dealing pointedly and often satirically with a single thought or event and often ending with an
epigram
ingenious turn of thought

a concluding section that rounds out the design of a literary work; the final scene of a play that comments on or
epilogue
summarizes the main action; the concluding section of a musical composition:CODA

episode An incident or story in a literary work, separable from yet growing out of it.

epistemology the study or a theory of the nature and grounds of knowledge especially with reference to its limits and validity

epitomize to serve as the typical or ideal example of

equable marked by lack of noticeable, unpleasant, or extreme variation or inequality

equipoise a state of equilibrium

equity justice according to natural law or right; specifically :freedom from bias or favoritism

equivocal subject to two or more interpretations and usually used to mislead or confuse

erect 1. characterized by firm or rigid straightness in bodily posture 2. SET UP, ESTABLISH

erode to diminish or destroy by degrees

errant traveling or given to traveling

erratic having no fixed course:WANDERING

erudite possessing or displaying erudition:LEARNED

escalate to increase in extent, volume, number, amount, intensity, or scope

eschew to avoid habitually especially on moral or practical grounds:SHUN

esoteric designed for or understood by the specially initiated alone

espouse to take up and support as a cause:become attached to

esteem to set a high value on:regard highly and prize accordingly

estimable worthy of esteem

to arouse especially mutual enmity or indifference in where there had formerly been love, affection, or
estrange
friendliness:ALIENATE

etch a chemical agent used in etching

eternal a:continued without intermission:PERPETUAL b:seemingly endless

ethereal a:lacking material substance:IMMATERIAL, INTANGIBLE b:marked by unusual delicacy or refinement

ethics the discipline dealing with what is good and bad and with moral duty and obligation

eulogize to speak or write in high praise of:EXTOL

euphemism the substitution of an agreeable or inoffensive expression for one that may offend or suggest something unpleasant

euphonious pleasing to the ear

euphoria a feeling of well-being or elation

a:to remove especially from a military zone or dangerous area b:to withdraw from military occupation of
evacuate
c:VACATE

evade to avoid answering directly:turn aside

evanescent tending to vanish like vapor

evasive tending or intended to evade:EQUIVOCAL

everlasting lasting or enduring through all time:ETERNAL

evict to force out:EXPEL

evoke to call forth or up

ewe the female of the sheep especially when mature; also :the female of various related animals

exacerbate to make more violent, bitter, or severe

exacting tryingly or unremittingly severe in making demands

exaggerate to enlarge or increase especially beyond the normal:OVEREMPHASIZE

exalt to elevate by praise or in estimation:GLORIFY

exasperate a:to excite the anger of:ENRAGE b:to cause irritation or annoyance to

excavate find by digging in the ground ; remove the inner part or the core of

exceptional deviating from the norm

excerpt to select (a passage) for quoting:EXTRACT

exclamation a sharp or sudden utterance

excoriate to censure scathingly

excrete to separate and eliminate or discharge (waste) from the blood or tissues or from the active protoplasm

excruciate to subject to intense mental distress

exculpate to clear from alleged fault or guilt

exculpatory Acting or tending to exculpate

excursive constituting a digression:characterized by digression

execrate to declare to be evil or detestable:DENOUNCE

execute to carry out fully:put completely into effect

exemplary serving as a pattern

exempt free or released from some liability or requirement to which others are subjectexempt:liability:pardon:penalty

exert to bring to bear especially with sustained effort or lasting effect

exhaust to consume entirely:USE UP

exhilarate to make cheerful

exhortation language intended to incite and encourage

exodus a mass departure:EMIGRATION

exonerate to relieve of a responsibility, obligation, or hardship

exorbitant exceeding in intensity, quality, amount, or size the customary or appropriate limits

exotic introduced from another country:not native to the place where found

expansive characterized by high spirits, generosity, or readiness to talk:OPEN

expedite to accelerate the process or progress of:speed up

expedition efficient promptness:SPEED

expiation the act of making atonement

explicit fully revealed or expressed without vagueness, implication, or ambiguity:leaving no question as to meaning or intent

exponent one that expounds or interprets

to cleanse of something morally harmful, offensive, or erroneous; especially :to expunge objectionable parts from
expurgate
before publication or presentation

exquisite marked by flawless craftsmanship or by beautiful, ingenious, delicate, or elaborate execution

extant currently or actually existing

extemporize to do something extemporaneously:IMPROVISE; especially :to speak extemporaneously

extenuate to lessen or to try to lessen the seriousness or extent of by making partial excuses:MITIGATE

exterminate to get rid of completely usually by killing off

extinct no longer existing

extinguish to cause to cease burning:QUENCH

extol to praise highly:GLORIFY

extort to obtain from a person by force, intimidation, or undue or illegal power:WRING

extraneous a:not forming an essential or vital part b:having no relevance

extravagant a:spending much more than necessary b:PROFUSE, LAVISH

extricate to free or remove from an entanglement or difficulty

extrinsic not forming an essential or inherent part of a thing; extraneous.

extrovert a gregarious and unreserved person

exuberant joyously unrestrained and enthusiastic

exude to undergo diffusion

exultant filled with or expressing great joy or triumph:JUBILANT

fabricate CONSTRUCT, MANUFACTURE; specifically :to construct from diverse and usually standardized parts

facetious joking or jesting often inappropriately:WAGGISH

facilitate to make easier:help bring about

faction a party or group (as within a government) that is often contentious or self-seeking:CLIQUE

fade to change gradually in loudness, strength, or visibility

fail-safe incorporating some feature for automatically counteracting the effect of an anticipated possible source of failure

faint lacking strength or vigor:performed, offered, or accomplished weakly or languidly

fainthearte
lacking courage or resolution:TIMID
d

fallacy a:a false or mistaken idea b:erroneous character:ERRONEOUSNESS

falsehood absence of truth or accuracy

falter a:to hesitate in purpose or action:WAVER b:to lose drive or effectiveness

fantasy imaginative fiction featuring especially strange settings and grotesque characters

farce ridiculous or empty show

fascinate to be irresistibly attractive

fast 1. in a firm or fixed manner 2. the act to eat sparingly or abstain from some foods

fasten to attach especially by pinning, tying, or nailing

fastidious showing or demanding excessive delicacy or care

fathom to penetrate and come to understand

fatigue weariness or exhaustion from labor, exertion, or stress

fatuous complacently or inanely foolish:SILLY

fawn to court favor by a cringing or flattering manner

faze to disturb the composure of:DISCONCERT, DAUNT

feckless WEAK, INEFFECTIVE

fecund fruitful in offspring or vegetation:PROLIFIC

feeble markedly lacking in strength

fender a device in front of locomotives and streetcars to lessen injury to animals or pedestrians in case of collision
feral not domesticated or cultivated:WILD

fertilize to make fertile

fervid marked by often extreme fervor

fervor intensity of feeling or expression

fetid having a heavy offensive smell

fetter to restrain from motion, action, or progress

fiasco a complete failure

fictitious of, relating to, or characteristic of fiction:IMAGINARY

fidelity the quality or state of being faithful

figurative representing by a figure or resemblance:EMBLEMATIC

figurine a small carved or molded figure

filibuster the use of extreme dilatory tactics in an attempt to delay or prevent action especially in a legislative assembly

filigree ornamental openwork of delicate or intricate design

filly a young female horse usually of less than four years

a porous article or mass (as of paper or sand) through which a gas or liquid is passed to separate out matter in
filter
suspension

any of numerous songbirds (especially families Fringillidae, Estrildidae, and Emberizidae) having a short stout usually
finch
conical bill adapted for crushing seeds

finesse skillful handling of a situation:adroit maneuvering

finicky extremely or excessively nice, exacting, or meticulous in taste or standards

flaccid not firm or stiff; also :lacking normal or youthful firmness

flagging LANGUID, WEAK

flamboyant marked by or given to strikingly elaborate or colorful display or behavior

flange a projecting edge of cloth used for decoration on clothing

flannel outer garments of flannel; especially:men's trousers

flatter to praise excessively especially from motives of self-interest

flaw a defect in physical structure or form

any of a genus (Linum of the family Linaceae, the flax family) of herbs; especially:a slender erect annual (L.
flax
usitatissimum) with blue flowers commonly cultivated for its bast fiber and seed

fledge to acquire the feathers necessary for flight or independent activity

flexible capable of being flexed:PLIANT

to withdraw or shrink from or as if from pain:WINCE; also :to tense the muscles involuntarily in anticipation of
flinch
discomfort

flint a massive hard quartz that produces a spark when struck by steel

flippancy unbecoming levity or pertness especially in respect to grave or sacred matters

flirt to behave amorously without serious intent

flit to move about rapidly and nimbly.

flock a group of birds or mammals assembled or herded togetherto gather or move in a flock

florid flowery; ruddy

flounder to proceed or act clumsily or ineffectually

flourish to grow luxuriantly:THRIVE

flout to treat with contemptuous disregard:SCORN

fluctuate to shift back and forth uncertainly

fluent a:ready or facile in speechb:effortlessly smooth and rapid:POLISHED

flush to pour liquid over or through; especially:to cleanse or wash out with or as if with a rush of liquid

fluster to put into a state of agitated confusion:UPSET

fluvial of, relating to, or living in a stream or river

foible a minor flaw or shortcoming in character or behavior:WEAKNESS

foil a thin piece of material (as metal) put under an inferior or paste stone to add color or brilliance

foliage the aggregate of leaves of one or more plants

folly a foolish act or idea

foment to promote the growth or development of:ROUSE, INCITE

fondness tender affection

foolhardy foolishly adventurous and bold:RASH

footloose having no ties:free to move about

forbears To refrain from; resist

A shallow place in a body of water, such as a river, where one can cross by walking or riding on an animal or in a
ford
vehicle

forebear person from whom one is descended; ancestor ;

forestry the management of growing timber

foreword prefatory comments (as for a book) especially when written by someone other than the author

forgery an act of forging; especially:the crime of falsely and fraudulently making or altering a document (as a check)

forgo do without ; lose or lose the right to by some error, offense, or crime

formidable causing fear, dread, or apprehension

forthright free from ambiguity or evasiveness:going straight to the point

fortify to make strong:as to give physical strength, courage, or endurance to

foster to promote the growth or development of:ENCOURAGE

founder 1. to become submerged:SINK 2. one that founds or establishes

fracture RUPTURE, TEAR

fragile a:easily broken or destroyedb:constitutionally delicate:lacking in physical vigor

fraudulent characterized by, based on, or done by fraud:DECEITFUL

freelancer a person who pursues a profession without a long-term commitment to any one employer

freewheel to move, live, or play freely or irresponsibly

frenzy a violent mental or emotional agitation

frequent to associate with, be in, or resort to often or habitually

fresco the art of painting on freshly spread moist lime plaster with water-based pigments

fret an agitation of mind:IRRITATION

friable easily crumbled or pulverized

friction the rubbing of one body against another

frieze a heavy durable coarse wool and shoddy fabric with a rough surface

frigid intensely cold; cold in manner

frivolous intensely cold

frothy gaily frivolous or light in content or treatment:INSUBSTANTIAL

frowsy [ frowzy: ] untidy or unkempt in appearance; shabby

frowzy having a slovenly or uncared-for appearance

frugal characterized by or reflecting economy in the use of resources

frustrate a:to balk or defeat in an endeavorb:to induce feelings of discouragement in

full-bodied imparting to the palate the general impression of substantial weight and rich texture

fulminate to send forth censures or invectives

any of a major group (Fungi) of saprophytic and parasitic spore-producing organisms usually classified as plants that
fungi
lack chlorophyll and include molds, rusts, mildews, smuts, mushrooms, and yeasts

furnace an enclosed structure in which heat is produced

furor A general commotion; public disorder or uproar.

furtive done by stealth:SURREPTITIOUS

fury intense, disordered, and often destructive rage

fussy Calling for or requiring great attention to sometimes trivial details

fusty saturated with dust and stale odors:MUSTY

futility the quality or state of being futile:USELESSNESS

gab to talk in a rapid or thoughtless manner:CHATTER

gadfly a person who stimulates or annoys especially by persistent criticism

gaffe a social or diplomatic blunder

gainsay to declare to be untrue or invalid

gait a manner of walking or moving on foot

galaxy an assemblage of brilliant or notable persons or things

gall to fret and wear away by friction:CHAFE

gallant Possessing a brave or chivalrous spirit.

galvanize to stimulate or excite as if by an electric shock

gamble to stake something on a contingency:take a chance

gangling loosely and awkwardly built:LANKY

garble to so alter or distort as to create a wrong impression or change the meaning

gargantuan of immense size, volume, or capacity; gigantic

garish clothed in vivid colors

garment an article of clothing

garner a:GRANARY b:a grain bin

garrulous given to prosy, rambling, or tedious loquacity:pointlessly or annoyingly talkative

gash a deep long cut in flesh

gasification conversion into gas; especially:conversion of coal into natural gas

gauche lacking social experience or grace; also:not tactful:CRUDE

gaudy ostentatiously or tastelessly ornamented

gauge a measurement (as of linear dimension) according to some standard or system

gear a toothed wheel

genealogy an account of the descent of a person, family, or group from an ancestor or from older forms

generality the quality or state of being general

genial marked by or diffusing sympathy or friendliness

genteel free from vulgarity or rudeness:POLITE

genuine ACTUAL, TRUE

germane being at once relevant and appropriate:FITTING

gesture a movement usually of the body or limbs that expresses or emphasizes an idea, sentiment, or attitude

ghastly intensely unpleasant, disagreeable, or objectionable

gibe to deride or tease with taunting words

giddy lightheartedly silly:FRIVOLOUS

ginger a thickened pungent aromatic rhizome that is used as a spice and sometimes medicinally

glacier a large body of ice moving slowly down a slope or valley or spreading outward on a land surface

glade an open space surrounded by woods

glance a quick or cursory look

glaze to give a smooth glossy surface to

glib marked by ease and fluency in speaking or writing often to the point of being insincere or deceitful
glimmer a:to shine faintly or unsteadily b:to give off a subdued unsteady reflection

glisten to give off a sparkling or lustrous reflection of or as if of a moist or polished surface

glitch a usually minor malfunction

gloat express evil satisfaction; view malevolently

gloomy low in spirits:MELANCHOLY

glorify to make glorious by bestowing honor, praise, or admiration

gloss a brief explanation (as in the margin or between the lines of a text) of a difficult or obscure word or expression

glossary a collection of textual glosses or of specialized terms with their meanings

glossy having a surface luster or brightness

glut an excessive quantity:OVERSUPPLY

glutinous having the quality of glue:GUMMY

glutton one given habitually to greedy and voracious eating and drinking

goad something that urges or stimulates into action:SPUR

gobble to swallow or eat greedily

goggle to stare with wide or protuberant eyes

goldbrick to shirk duty or responsibility

gorge to eat greedily or to repletion

gossamer something light, delicate, or insubstantial

gourmet a connoisseur of food and drink; broadly :CONNOISSEUR

grandeur the quality or state of being grand:MAGNIFICENCE

grandiloquen
be of a lofty, extravagantly colorful, pompous, or bombastic style, manner, or quality especially in language
t

grandiose characterized by affectation of grandeur or splendor or by absurd exaggeration

grandstand to play or act so as to impress onlookers

grant to bestow or transfer formally specifically :to give the possession or title of by a deed

gratify to be a source of or give pleasure or satisfaction to

grating noisily,rasping,harsh

gratis free

gratuitous not involving a return benefit, compensation, or consideration

grave having a serious and dignified quality or demeanor

a:deficient in training, knowledge, or experience b:deficient in sophistication and savoir faire:NAIVE c:not fully
green
qualified for or experienced in a particular function

gregarious tending to associate with others of one's kind:SOCIAL

grievous causing or characterized by severe pain, suffering, or sorrow

grimace a facial expression usually of disgust or disapproval

grin to draw back the lips so as to show the teeth especially in amusement or laughter; broadly :SMILE

gripe to complain with grumbling

grisly inspiring horror or intense fear

groove a long narrow channel or depression

grotesque FANCIFUL, BIZARRE

grotto A small cave or cavern

grove a planting of fruit or nut trees

grovel to lie or creep with the body prostrate in token of subservience or abasement

grumble to mutter in discontent

guarantee to engage for the existence, permanence, or nature of:undertake to do or secure

guffaw a loud or boisterous burst of laughter

guile deceitful cunning:DUPLICITY

guilt feelings of culpability especially for imagined offenses or from a sense of inadequacy:SELF-REPROACH

gullible easily duped or cheated

gully a trench which was orig. worn in the earth by running water and through which water often runs after rains

any of numerous colloidal polysaccharide substances of plant origin that are gelatinous when moist but harden on
gum
drying and are salts of complex organic acids

gush a sudden outpouring

gust a sudden brief rush of wind

guzzle to drink especially liquor greedily, continually, or habitually

habitable capable of being lived in:suitable for habitation

hack a writer who aims solely for commercial success

hackneyed lacking in freshness or originality

hairbreadth Extremely close

halcyon CALM, PEACEFUL

hale free from defect, disease, or infirmity:SOUND; also :retaining exceptional health and vigor

half-baked a:lacking adequate planning or forethought b:lacking in judgment, intelligence, or common sense

hallow to make holy or set apart for holy use

perception of objects with no reality usually arising from disorder of the nervous system or in response to drugs (as
hallucination
LSD)

halting marked by a lack of sureness or effectiveness

ham-handed lacking dexterity or grace:HEAVY-HANDED

hamper to restrict the movement of by bonds or obstacles:IMPEDE

hamstring to make ineffective or powerless:CRIPPLE

handle to act, behave, or feel in a certain way when handled or directed

hangdog SAD, DEJECTED

hankering to have a strong or persistent desire:YEARN

haphazard marked by lack of plan, order, or direction

hapless having no luck:UNFORTUNATE

harangue to address in a ranting way

harass to annoy persistently

harbinger one that presages or foreshadows what is to come

harbor to give shelter or refuge to

hard-bitten seasoned or steeled by difficult experience:TOUGH

hardheaded STUBBORN, WILLFUL

harebrained FOOLISH

harmonious marked by accord in sentiment or action

harness UTILIZE

a plucked stringed instrument consisting of a resonator, an arched or angled neck that may be supported by a post, and
harp
strings of graded length that are perpendicular to the soundboard

harrow break up ground after plowing; torture

harry to make a pillaging or destructive raid on:ASSAULT

harsh a:causing a disagreeable or painful sensory reaction:IRRITATING b:physically discomforting:PAINFUL

hasten to move or act quickly

hasty done or made in a hurry

haunt to visit often:FREQUENT

hauteur ARROGANCE, HAUGHTINESS

haven harbour, safety place

havoc great confusion and disorder

headlong Impetuous; rash.

hearken to give respectful attention

heart to give heart to:CHEER:HEARTEN

hearten to give heart to

heartrending causing intense sorrow or distress

hedge a means of protection or defense (as against financial loss)

hedonic of, relating to, or characterized by pleasure

heinous hatefully or shockingly evil:ABOMINABLE

heirloom something of special value handed on from one generation to another

helmet any of various protective head coverings usually made of a hard material to resist impact

hem a border of a cloth article doubled back and stitched down

herald to give notice of:ANNOUNCE

herbicide an agent used to destroy or inhibit plant growth

hereditary characteristic of or fostered by one's predecessors

heresy an opinion or doctrine contrary to church dogma

heretical of, relating to, or characterized by departure from accepted beliefs or standards:UNORTHODOX

hermit one that retires from society and lives in solitude especially for religious reasons:RECLUSE

herpetologist one that a branch of zoology dealing with reptiles and amphibians

hesitance the quality or state of being hesitant:as a:INDECISION b:RELUCTANCE

heterodox Not in agreement with accepted beliefs, especially in church doctrine or dogma

hidebound having an inflexible or ultraconservative character

hideous offensive to the senses and especially to sight:exceedingly ugly

hie to go quickly:HASTEN

hierarchy the classification of a group of people according to ability or to economic, social, or professional standing

hieroglyph a character used in a system of hieroglyphic writing

hike to rise up; especially :to work upward out of place

hilarity high spirits that may be carried to the point of boisterous conviviality or merriment

hint a slight indication of the existence, approach, or nature of something:CLUE

histrionic of or relating to actors, acting, or the theater

hive a place swarming with activity

hoard to keep (as one's thoughts) to oneself

hoary extremely old:ANCIENT

hoax an act intended to deceive or trick

hodgepodge a heterogeneous mixture:JUMBLE

homage expression of high regard:RESPECT

homely Not attractive or good-looking

homily a lecture or discourse on or of a moral theme

homogenize to blend (diverse elements) into a uniform mixture

hone to make more acute, intense, or effective:WHET

honorarium a payment for a service (as making a speech) on which custom or propriety forbids a

horn a wind instrument used in a jazz band; especially :TRUMPET

hortative giving exhortation:ADVISORY

horticulture the science and art of growing fruits, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants

hospitable liking to give hospitality

hovel a small, wretched, and often dirty house:HUT

hub the central part of a circular object (as a wheel or propeller)

hubris exaggerated pride or self-confidencehubristic

humanitaria
a person promoting human welfare and social reform:PHILANTHROPIST
n

humble ranking low in a hierarchy or scale:INSIGNIFICANT, UNPRETENTIOUS

humor to soothe or content by indulgence

hurdle to leap over especially while running (as in a sporting competition

a tropical cyclone with winds of 74 miles (118 kilometers) per hour or greater that occurs especially in the western
hurricane Atlantic, that is usually accompanied by rain, thunder, and lightning, and that sometimes moves into temperate
latitudes

husbandry the control or judicious use of resources:CONSERVATION

a usually dry or membranous outer covering (as a pod or hull or one composed of bracts) of various seeds and fruits;
husk
also :one of the constituent parts

husky hoarse with or as if with emotion

hybrid something heterogeneous in origin or composition:COMPOSITE

hymn a song of praise or joy

hyperbole extravagant exaggeration

hypercritical meticulously or excessively critical??:hypocritical9adj.???:

hypnotic tending to produce sleep:SOPORIFIC

hypocritical characterized by hypocrisy; also :being a hypocrite

ichthyologist one that study a branch of zoology that deals with fishes

idiosyncratic a peculiarity of constitution or temperament:an individualizingcharacteristic or quality

idolatrize admires intensely and often blindly

ignite to set afire; also :KINDLE

ignominy deep personal humiliation and disgrace

ignorant destitute of knowledge or education also lacking knowledge or comprehension of the thing specified

ignore to reject (a bill of indictment) as ungrounded

illegible Undecipherable.

illiteracy the quality or state of being illiterate; especially :inability to read or write

illuminati persons who are or who claim to be unusually enlightened

illumination one of the decorative features used in the art of illuminating or in decorative lighting
illusory based on or producing illusion:DECEPTIVE

illustrate to provide with visual features intended to explain or decorate

imbibe to absorb or take in as if by drinking

imbroglio a violently confused or bitterly complicated altercation:EMBROILMENT

imitation the quality of an object in possessing some of the nature or attributes of a transcendent idea

immaculate having no stain or blemish:PURE

remaining or operating within a domain of reality or realm of discourse:INHERENT; specifically :having existence
immanent
or effect only within the mind or consciousness

immaterial of no substantial consequence:UNIMPORTANT

immemorial extending or existing since beyond the reach of memory, record, or tradition

imminent ready to take place; especially :hanging threateningly over one's head

immune not susceptible or responsive; especially :having a high degree of resistance to a disease

immure to enclose within or as if within walls b:IMPRISON

immutable not capable of or susceptible to change

imp a mischievous child:URCHIN

impair to damage or make worse by or as if by diminishing in some material respect

impassive unsusceptible to or destitute of emotion

impeccable faultless

impecunious having very little or no money usually habitually:PENNILESS

impede to interfere with or slow the progress of

impend to be about to occur

impenetrable incapable of being penetrated or pierced or incapable of being comprehended:INSCRUTABLE

impenitent not feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or sorrow for sins or offenses

imperative expressive of a command, entreaty, or exhortation

imperial of, relating to, befitting, or suggestive of an empire or an emperor ;of superior or unusual size or excellence

imperious marked by arrogant assurance:DOMINEERING

impertinent given to or characterized by insolent rudeness

imperturbable marked by extreme calm, impassivity, and steadiness:SERENE

impervious not allowing entrance or passage:IMPENETRABLE also not capable of being damaged or harmed

impetuosity Rashness.

impetuous marked by impulsive vehemence or passion

impiety the quality or state of being impious:IRREVERENCE

implacable not placable:not capable of being appeased, significantly changed, or mitigated

CARRY OUT, ACCOMPLISH; especially:to give practical effect to and ensure of actual fulfillment by concrete
implement
measures
implicate to involve as a consequence, corollary, or natural inference:IMPLY

implode to collapse inward as if from external pressure; also:to become greatly reduced as if from collapsing

importune beg earnestly

imposing impressive in size, bearing, dignity, or grandeur

impostor one that assumes false identity or title for the purpose of deception

impotent not potent:lacking in power, strength, or vigor:HELPLESS

impromptu composed or uttered without previous preparation:EXTEMPORANEOUS

improvident not provident:not foreseeing and providing for the future

improvised to compose, recite, play, or sing extemporaneously

imprudent not prudent:lacking discretion

impudent marked by contemptuous or cocky boldness or disregard of others:INSOLENT

impugn to assail by words or arguments:oppose or attack as false or lacking integrity

impuissance WEAKNESS, POWERLESSNESS

impute to lay the responsibility or blame for often falsely or unjustly imputable:nettle

inadvertent not focusing the mind on a matter: INATTENTIVE

inalienable incapable of being alienated, surrendered, or transferred

inane lacking significance, meaning, or point: SILLY

inanimate not animated or lively:DULL

inaugurate to induct into an office with suitable ceremonies

incandescent strikingly bright, radiant, or clear

incantation singing or chanting of magic spells; magical formula

incarnate invested with bodily and especially human nature and form

incendiary of, relating to, or involving a deliberate burning of property

incense to arouse the extreme anger or indignation of

inception an act, process, or instance of beginning:COMMENCEMENT

incessant continuing or following without interruption:UNCEASING

inch to move by small degrees:progress slowly

inchoate being only partly in existence or operation; especially :imperfectly formed or formulated:FORMLESS

incinerate to cause to burn to ashes

incipient beginning to come into being or to become apparent

incisive impressively direct and decisive (as in manner or presentation)

incite to move to action:stir up:spur on:urge on

inclement lacking mildness:as severe in temper or action:UNMERCIFUL

incogitant THOUGHTLESS, INCONSIDERATE

incongruent not superposable so as to be coincident throughout,not congruent

inconsequential of no significance:UNIMPORTANT

incontrovertibl
not open to question:INDISPUTABLE
e

incorrigible incapable of being corrected or amended UNALTERABLE, INVETERATE

incriminate to charge with or show evidence or proof of involvement in a crime or fault

inculcate to teach and impress by frequent repetitions or admonitions

inculpate INCRIMINATE

incursion a hostile entrance into a territory:RAID

indefatigable incapable of being fatigued:UNTIRING

indelible UNFORGETTABLE, MEMORABLE

indemnity security against hurt, loss, or damage

indict to charge with a crime by the finding or presentment of a jury (as a grand jury) in due form of law

indifferent marked by a lack of interest, enthusiasm, or concern for something:APATHETIC

having originated in and being produced, growing, living, or occurring naturally in a particular region or
indigenous
environment

indigent suffering from indigence:IMPOVERISHED

indispensability absolutely necessary:ESSENTIAL

indoctrinate to instruct especially in fundamentals or rudiments:TEACH

indolent averse to activity, effort, or movement:habitually lazy

inducement a motive or consideration that leads one to action or to additional or more effective actions

indulgent indulging or characterized by indulgence; especially:LENIENT

indurate to make hard

ineffable incapable of being expressed in words : INDESCRIBABLE

ineluctable not to be avoided, changed, or resisted:INEVITABLE

inept generally incompetent:BUNGLING

ineptitude quality of being inept

inert deficient in active properties; especially:lacking a usual or anticipated chemical or biological action

inestimable Above price.

inevitable incapable of being avoided or evaded

inexorable not to be persuaded or moved by entreaty:RELENTLESS

infamy evil reputation brought about by something grossly criminal, shocking, or brutal

infatuate to cause to be foolish:deprive of sound judgment

infelicitous not appropriate in application or expression

infer GUESS, SURMISE

inferno a place or a state that resembles or suggests hell

infiltrate to pass (troops, for example) surreptitiously into enemy-held territory

infinite immeasurably or inconceivably great or extensive: INEXHAUSTIBLE

infirm of poor or deteriorated vitality; especially:feeble from age

inflame to excite to excessive or uncontrollable action or feeling

influx a coming in

infuriate To make furious; enrage

infuse INSPIRE, ANIMATE

ingenious marked by originality, resourcefulness, and cleverness in conception or execution

ingenuous showing innocent or childlike simplicity and candidness

ingrained to work indelibly into the natural texture or mental or moral constitution

ingratiating capable of winning favor:PLEASING

inherent involved in the constitution or essential character of something:belonging by nature or habit:INTRINSIC

inimical a:having the disposition of an enemy:HOSTILEb:reflecting or indicating hostility:UNFRIENDLY

inimitable not capable of being imitated: MATCHLESS

iniquity gross injustice:WICKEDNESS

initial placed at the beginning:FIRST

inkling a slight knowledge or vague notion

innocent free from guilt or sin especially through lack of knowledge of evil:BLAMELESS

innocuous not likely to give offense or to arouse strong feelings or hostility:INOFFENSIVE, INSIPID

innovation the introduction of something new

inquiry examination into facts or principles:RESEARCH

insatiable incapable of being satisfied:QUENCHLESS

insipid lacking in qualities that interest, stimulate, or challenge:DULL, FLAT

insolent exhibiting boldness or effrontery:IMPUDENT

insouciant lighthearted unconcern:NONCHALANCE

inspired outstanding or brilliant in a way or to a degree suggestive of divine inspiration

instate to set or establish in a rank or office:INSTALL

instigate to goad or urge forward:PROVOKE

instill to impart gradually

institute to originate and get established:ORGANIZE

insubordinate disobedient to authority

insular characteristic of an isolated people; especially:being, having, or reflecting a narrow provincial viewpoint

insularity narrow-mindedness/isolated
 to place in a detached situation:ISOLATE; especially:to separate from conducting bodies by means of
insulate
nonconductors so as to prevent transfer of electricity, heat, or sound

a person who revolts against civil authority or an established government; especially:a rebel not recognized as a
insurgent
belligerent

intangible not tangible:IMPALPABLE

integral essential to completeness:CONSTITUENT

integrity the quality or state of being complete or undivided:COMPLETENESS

intelligible capable of being understood or comprehended

intemperate not temperate especially:given to excessive use of intoxicating liquors

intensify to make intense or more intensive:STRENGTHEN

inter to deposit (a dead body) in the earth or in a tomb

intercede to intervene between parties with a view to reconciling differences:MEDIATE

interdict to forbid in a usually formal or authoritative manner

interim an intervening time:INTERVAL

interlock to become locked together or interconnected

interlope one that intrudes in a place or sphere of activity

interminable having or seeming to have no end; especially:wearisomely protracted

intermittent coming and going at intervals:not continuous

interrogate to question formally and systematically:probe

to interfere usually by force or threat of force in another nation's internal affairs especially to compel or prevent an
intervene
action

1. to make known especially publicly or formally:ANNOUNCE 2. a friend or confidant marked by very close
intimate
association, contact, or familiarity

intimidate to make timid or fearful:FRIGHTEN; especially:to compel or deter by or as if by threats

intransigent refusing to compromise or to abandon an extreme position or attitude:UNCOMPROMISING

intrepid characterized by resolute fearlessness, fortitude, and endurance

intricacy the quality or state of being intricate

intrigue to arouse the interest, desire, or curiosity of

intrinsic belonging to the essential nature or constitution of a thing

intuition The act or faculty of knowing or sensing without the use of rational processes; immediate cognition.

inure to accustom to accept something undesirable

invective of, relating to, or characterized by insult or abuse

inveigh to protest or complain bitterly or vehemently:RAIL

inveigle to win over by wiles:ENTICE

inventory an itemized list of current assets:as a catalog of the property of an individual or estate

investigate to make a systematic examination; especially:to conduct an official inquiry

inveterate firmly established by long persistence

invidious tending to cause discontent, animosity, or envy

invigorate to give life and energy to:ANIMATE; also:STIMULATE

invincible Incapable of being overcome or defeated; unconquerable.

inviolate not violated or profaned; especially :PURE

invoice a consignment of merchandise

invoke to put into effect or operation:IMPLEMENT

invulnerable incapable of being wounded, injured, or harmed

irascible marked by hot temper and easily provoked anger

irate arising from anger

a lustrous rainbowlike play of color caused by differential refraction of light waves (as from an oil slick, soap
iridescence
bubble, or fish scales) that tends to change as the angle of view changes

irk to make weary, irritated, or bored

ironclad so firm or secure as to be unbreakable:as a:BINDING

a pretense of ignorance and of willingness to learn from another assumed in order to make the other's false
irony
conceptions conspicuous by adroit questioning

irradicable impossible to eradicate : DEEP-ROOTED

irreducible impossible to transform into or restore to a desired or simpler condition

irrelevant not relevant:INAPPLICABLE

irresolute uncertain how to act or proceed:VACILLATING

irreverent lacking proper respect or seriousness; also :SATIRIC

irritate to provoke impatience, anger, or displeasure in:ANNOY

1. the act of publishing or officially giving out or making available 2. a matter that is in dispute between two or
issue
more parties

isthmus a narrow strip of land connecting two larger land areas

itinerant wandering; traveling

jabber to talk rapidly, indistinctly, or unintelligibly

jaded fatigued by overwork:EXHAUSTED

jam fatigued by overwork:EXHAUSTED

jape to make mocking fun of

jar to make a harsh or discordant sound

jargon The specialized or technical language of a trade, profession, or similar group.

jaundice a state or attitude characterized by satiety, distaste, or hostility

jaunty sprightly in manner or appearance:LIVELY

 American music developed especially from ragtime and blues and characterized by propulsive syncopated rhythms,
jazz
polyphonic ensemble playing, varying degrees of improvisation, and often deliberate distortions of pitch and timbre

jealous having to do with or arising from feelings of envy, apprehension, or bitterness

jealousy being jealous

jejune devoid of significance or interest:DULL

jest an utterance (as a jeer or quip) intended to be taken as mockery or humor

jettison to get rid of as superfluous or encumbering : DISCARD

jibe to be in accord: AGREE

jingoist extreme chauvinism or nationalism marked especially by a belligerent foreign policy

jitter to be nervous or act in a nervous way

jocund marked by or suggestive of high spirits and lively mirthfulness

jog a movement, pace, or instance of jogging (as for exercise)

joke something said or done to provoke laughter; especially :a brief oral narrative with a climactic humorous twist

jolt to cause to move with a sudden jerky motion

jot to write briefly or hurriedly:set down in the form of a note

jovial markedly good-humored especially as evidenced by jollity and conviviality

jubilant EXULTANT

judicious having, exercising, or characterized by sound judgment:DISCREET

juggernau
a massive inexorable force, campaign, movement, or object that crushes whatever is in its path
t

jumble to mix into a confused or disordered mass

justify to prove or show to be just, right, or reasonable

juxtapose to place side by side

kangaro any of various herbivorous leaping marsupial mammals of Australia, New Guinea, and adjacent islands with a small head,
o large ears, long powerful hind legs, a long thick tail used as a support and in balancing, and rather small foreleg

ken the range of vision

kindle to stir up:AROUSE

kindred of a similar nature or character:LIKE

kink a short tight twist or curl caused by a doubling or winding of something upon itself

knack a clever trick or stratagem

knave a tricky deceitful fellow

knead to work and press into a mass with or as if with the hands

knit to form by interlacing yarn or thread in a series of connected loops with needles

knotty marked by or full of knots; especially :so full of difficulties and complications as to be likely to defy solution
kudos fame and renown resulting from an act or achievement:PRESTIGE

labile readily or continually undergoing chemical, physical, or biological change or breakdown:UNSTABLE

labored lacking ease of expression

labyrinth something extremely complex or tortuous in structure, arrangement, or character:INTRICACY, PERPLEXITY

laconic using or involving the use of a minimum of words:concise to the point of seeming rude or mysterious

lacrimose

lambaste to attack verbally:CENSURE

lamentable expressing grief:MOURNFUL

lampoon a harsh satire usually directed against an individual

landfill a system of trash and garbage disposal in which the waste is buried between layers of earth to build up low-lying land

landlord the owner of property (as land, houses, or apartments) that is leased or rented to another

the usually rapid downward movement of a mass of rock, earth, or artificial fill on a slope; also :the mass that moves
landslide
down

lane narrow country road or track, usu between hedges or banks

languid drooping or flagging from or as if from exhaustion:WEAK

languish to be or become feeble, weak, or enervated

languor listless indolence or inertia

lank not well filled out:SLENDER, THIN

lapse a slight error typically due to forgetfulness or inattention

larder a place where food is stored:PANTRY

largesse liberal giving (as of money) to or as if to an inferior; also :something so given

a long light rope (as of hemp or leather) used with a running noose to catch livestock or with or without the noose to
lariat
tether grazing animals:LASSO

lash to bind with or as if with a line

lassitude a condition of weariness or debility:FATIGUE

latent present and capable of becoming though not now visible, obvious, or active

lathe machine that shapes pieces of wood, metal, etc by holding and turning them against a fixed cutting tool

latitude Freedom from normal restraints, limitations, or regulations.

laudatory of, relating to, or expressing praise

lavish expended or produced in abundance

leaven to raise (as bread) with a leaven

a stand used to support a book in a convenient position for a standing reader; especially :one from which scripture
lectern
lessons are read in a church service

leer to cast a sidelong glance

leery Suspicious or distrustful; wary

legacy something transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past

legend an explanatory list of the symbols on a map or chart

legible capable of being read or deciphered:PLAIN

legion MANY, NUMEROUS

lenient exerting a soothing or easing influence:relieving pain or stress

lethal gravely damaging or destructive:DEVASTATING

lethargy the quality or state of being lazy, sluggish, or indifferent

levee an embankment for preventing flooding

levelheaded having sound judgment:SENSIBLE

leverage positional advantage; power to act effectively:

levity excessive or unseemly frivolity

lexicographe
an author or editor of a dictionary
r

liability something for which one is liable; especially :pecuniary obligation

liaison a close bond or connection:INTERRELATIONSHIP

liberal marked by generosity:OPENHANDED

libertine a person who is unrestrained by convention or morality; specifically :one leading a dissolute life

liberty an action going beyond normal limits:as a:a breach of etiquette or propriety:FAMILIARITY

libretto the text of a work (as an opera) for the musical theater

licentious lacking legal or moral restraints; especially :disregarding sexual restraints

lien a charge upon real or personal property for the satisfaction of some debt or duty ordinarily arising by operation of law

liken compare

limber capable of being shaped:FLEXIBLE

a light or humorous verse form of 5 chiefly anapestic verses of which lines 1, 2, and 5 are of 3 feet and lines 3 and 4
limerick
are of 2 feet with a rhyme scheme of aabba

a large luxurious often chauffeur-driven sedan that sometimes has a glass partition separating the driver's seat from the
limousine
passenger compartment

limp lacking firm texture, substance, or structure

limpid marked by transparency:PELLUCID

linen cloth made of flax and noted for its strength, coolness, and luster

linger tarry;saunter; to be slow to act:procrastinate

a floor covering made by laying on a burlap or canvas backing a mixture of solidified linseed oil with gums, cork dust
linoleum
or wood flour or both, and usually pigments

lint fuzz consisting especially of fine ravelings and short fibers of yarn and fabric

lip either of the fleshy edges of the opening of the mouth

lissome NIMBLE

list a deviation from the vertical:TILT; also :the extent of such a deviation

listless characterized by lack of interest, energy, or spirit:LANGUID

lithe characterized by easy flexibility and grace

livid lead-colored; black and blue; enraged

loath unwilling to do something contrary to one's ways of thinking:RELUCTANT

loathe To dislike (someone or something) greatly; abhor.

lode an ore deposit

lofty elevated in status:SUPERIOR

loll to act or move in a lax, lazy, or indolent manner:LOUNGE

loophole a similar opening to admit light and air or to permit observation

lopsided lacking in balance, symmetry, or proportion:disproportionately heavy on one side

loquacious given to fluent or excessive talk:GARRULOUS

lottery a drawing of lots in which prizes are distributed to the winners among persons buying a chance

lounge to act or move idly or lazily:LOAF

loutish resembling or befitting a lout

loyal unswerving in allegiance:as faithful in allegiance to one's lawful sovereign or government

lubricate to make smooth or slippery

lucid clear to the understanding:INTELLIGIBLE

ludicrous meriting derisive laughter or scorn as absurdly inept, false, or foolish

lug to carry laboriously

lugubrious MOURNFUL; especially :exaggeratedly or affectedly mournful

lull to cause to sleep or rest:SOOTHE

lullaby a soothing refrain; specifically :a song to quiet children or lull them to sleep

lumen a unit of luminous flux equal to the light emitted in a unit solid angle by a uniform point source of one candle intensity

luminary a person of prominence or brilliant achievement

lurk to lie in wait in a place of concealment especially for an evil purpose

lush growing vigorously especially with luxuriant foliage

lustrous reflecting light evenly and efficiently without glitter or sparkle numb:insensible:burnish:lustrous

luxurious marked by or given to self-indulgence

lyric the words of a song

lyrics Expressing deep personal emotion or observations

maelstrom a powerful often violent whirlpool sucking in objects within a given radius

magnificent Grand or noble in thought or deed; exalted.

maladroit lacking adroitness:INEPT

malaise uneasiness; distress

malcontent dissatisfied with the existing state of affairs:DISCONTENTED

malicious given to, marked by, or arising from malice

malign having or showing intense often vicious ill will:MALEVOLENT

malinger to pretend incapacity (as illness) so as to avoid duty or work

malleable capable of being altered or controlled by outside forces or influences

malodor an offensive odor

mandatory containing or constituting a command:OBLIGATORY

mangle to spoil, injure, or make incoherent especially through ineptitude

mangy having many worn or bare spots:SEEDY, SHABBY

mania excessive or unreasonable enthusiasm

1. a list of passengers or an invoice of cargo for a vehicle (as a ship or plane) 2. easily understood or recognized by
manifest
the mind:OBVIOUS

manipulate to control or play upon by artful, unfair, or insidious means especially to one's own advantage

mansion a large imposing residence

manumit to release from slavery

a written or typewritten composition or document as distinguished from a printed copy; also :a document submitted
manuscript
for publication

mar To impair the soundness, perfection, or integrity of; spoil

marsh a tract of soft wet land usually characterized by monocotyledons (as grasses or cattails)

any of an order of mammals comprising kangaroos, wombats, bandicoots, opossums, and related animals that do not
marsupial develop a true placenta and that usually have a pouch on the abdomen of the female which covers the teats and
serves to carry the

martinet a strict disciplinarian

marvel something that causes wonder or astonishment

masquerade to assume the appearance of something one is not

masticate to grind or crush (food) with or as if with the teeth in preparation for swallowing:CHEW

mathematical of mathematics

matriculate to enroll as a member of a body and especially of a college or university

a fabric case filled with resilient material (as cotton, hair, feathers, foam rubber, or an arrangement of coiled
mattress
springs) used either alone as a bed or on a bedstead

maudlin weakly and effusively sentimental

maven one who is experienced or knowledgeable:EXPERT

maverick an independent individual who does not go along with a group or party

mawkish sickly or puerilely sentimental m

meager deficient in quality or quantity

mean PENURIOUS, STINGY

meander to wind or turn in its course

measly contemptibly small

measured marked by due proportion

mechanical Performed or performing in an impersonal or machinelike manner; automatic

meddle to interest oneself in what is not one's concern:interfere without right or propriety

media a nutrient system for the artificial cultivation of cells or organisms and especially bacteria

mediate to interpose between parties in order to reconcile them

mediocre of moderate or low quality, value, ability, or performance:ORDINARY, SO-SO

meditate to engage in contemplation or reflection

medley a musical composition made up of a series of songs or short pieces

meet precisely adapted to a particular situation, need, or circumstance:very proper

The belief that society has an innate tendency toward improvement and that this tendency may be furthered through
meliorism
conscious human effort.

mellifluous having a smooth rich flow

melody a sweet or agreeable succession or arrangement of sounds:TUNEFULNESS

membrane a thin soft pliable sheet or layer especially of animal or plant origin

menace to make a show of intention to harm

mend to put into good shape or working order again:patch up:REPAIR

mendacious given to or characterized by deception or falsehood or divergence from absolutetruth

mentor a trusted counselor or guide:TUTOR, COACH

mercenary one that serves merely for wages; especially :a soldier hired into foreign service

mercurial characterized by rapid and unpredictable changeableness of mood

merited deserved, be worthy of or entitled or liable to

mesh to cause (as gears) to engage

mesmerism hypnotic induction held to involve animal magnetism; broadly :HYPNOTISM

messy marked by confusion, disorder, or dirt:UNTIDY

a figure of speech in which a word or phrase literally denoting one kind of object or idea is used in place of another
metaphor
to suggest a likeness or analogy between them (as in drowning in money); broadly :figurative language

meteoric resembling a meteor in speed or in sudden and temporary brilliance

meteorology a science that deals with the atmosphere and its phenomena and especially with weather and weather forecasting

meticulous marked by extreme or excessive care in the consideration or treatment of details

metrical of, relating to, or composed in meter

mettle courage; spirit

miff a trivial quarrel

migratory WANDERING, ROVING

mill a building provided with machinery for grinding grain into flour

mime to act a part with mimic gesture and action usually without words

a tall slender tower of a mosque having one or more balconies from which the summons to prayer is cried by the
minaret
muezzin

minatory having a menacing quality:THREATENING

mince to walk with short steps in a prim affected manner

mingle to bring or mix together or with something else usually without fundamental loss of identity:INTERMIX

minion a servile dependent, follower, or underling

mint 1. to make (as coins) out of metal:COIN 2. a vast sum or amount

minuscule very small

minutia a minute or minor detail

miracle an extremely outstanding or unusual event, thing, or accomplishment

mirage something illusory and unattainable

mire to cause to stick fast in or as if in mire

mirth gladness or gaiety as shown by or accompanied with laughter

misanthrope a person who hates or distrusts mankind

misbehave to behave badly

mischievous able or tending to cause annoyance, trouble, or minor injury

miscreant one who behaves criminally or viciously

misdemeanor a crime less serious than a felony

miser a mean grasping person; especially :one who is extremely stingy with money

misfortune a distressing or unfortunate incident or event

misgiving a feeling of doubt or suspicion especially concerning a future event

mishap an unfortunate accident

misnomer a name wrongly or unsuitably applied to a person or an object

misrepresent to give a false or misleading representation of usually with an intent to deceive or be unfair

any of numerous small acarid arachnids that often infest animals, plants, and stored foods and include important
mite
disease vectors

mitigate to make less severe or painful:ALLEVIATE

mnemonics a technique of improving the memory

mobility capable of moving or being moved:MOVABLE

mockery a subject of laughter, derision, or sport

moderate to lessen the intensity or extremeness of

modicum a small portion:a limited quantity

molar A tooth with a broad crown used to grind food, located behind the premolars.

molding a decorative plane or curved strip used for ornamentation or finishing

mollify to soothe in temper or disposition:APPEASE

mollycoddle a pampered or effeminate man or boy

molt the act or process of sheding hair, feathers, shell, horns, or an outer layer periodically; specifically :ECDYSIS

momentous IMPORTANT, CONSEQUENTIAL

a property of a moving body that the body has by virtue of its mass and motion and that is equal to the product of
momentum
the body's mass and velocity

monochromati
having or consisting of one color or hue
c

monocle an eyeglass for one eye

monopolize to get a monopoly of:assume complete possession or control of

having the property either of never increasing or of never decreasing as the values of the independent variable or the
monotone
subscripts of the terms increase :MONOTONIC

montage the production of a rapid succession of images in a motion picture to illustrate an association of ideas

morass something that traps, confuses, or impedes

moratorium a suspension of an ongoing or planned activity

morbid abnormally susceptible to or characterized by gloomy or unwholesome feelings

mordant biting and caustic in thought, manner, or style:INCISIVE

moribund being in the state of dying:approaching death

morose having a sullen and gloomy disposition

morsel morsel small amount or piece of sth, esp food

mortar a strong vessel in which material is pounded or rubbed with a pestle

mosque a building used for public worship by Muslims

any of a family (Culicidae) of dipteran flies with females that have a set of slender organs in the proboscis adapted
mosquito
to puncture the skin of animals and to suck their blood and that are in some cases vectors of serious diseases

motile exhibiting or capable of movement

motivate to provide with a motive:IMPEL

motley variegated in colorcomposed of diverse often incongruous elements

mottle to mark with spots or blotches of different color or shades of color as if stained

mournful causing sorrow or melancholy:GLOOMY

a distinct structural unit or division having its own key, rhythmic structure, and themes and forming part of an
movement
extended musical composition
muddy lacking in clarity or brightness:CLOUDY, DULL

muffle to wrap or pad with something to dull the sound

mulish unreasonably and inflexibly obstinate

mumble to utter with a low inarticulate voice

mundane characterized by the practical, transitory, and ordinary:COMMONPLACE

municipality a primarily urban political unit having corporate status and usually powers of self-government

munificent characterized by great liberality or generosity miser:munificent=zealot:blase munificence ◆ stinginess

mural a mural work of art (as a painting)

murky characterized by a heavy dimness or obscurity caused by or like that caused by overhanging fog or smoke

murmur a low indistinct but often continuous sound

mute to muffle, reduce, or eliminate the sound of

myopic a lack of foresight or discernment:a narrow view of something

myriad having innumerable aspects or elements

nadir the lowest point

nag to irritate by constant scolding or urging

naive deficient in worldly wisdom or informed judgment; especially :CREDULOUS

narcissism love of or sexual desire for one's own body

nascent coming or having recently come into existence

natty trimly neat and tidy:SMART

nauseate to feel disgust

naysayer one who denies, refuses, opposes, or is skeptical or cynical about something

nebulous INDISTINCT, VAGUE

needy being in want:POVERTY-STRICKEN

nefarious flagrantly wicked or impious:EVIL

negotiate to confer with another so as to arrive at the settlement of some matter

neophyte a new convert:PROSELYTE

nepotism favoritism (as in appointment to a job) based on kinship

nerve to give strength or courage to:supply with physical or moral force

nettle to arouse to sharp but transitory annoyance or anger imputable:nettle

neutralize to counteract the activity or effect of:make ineffective

nibble to eat or chew in small bits

nip to take liquor in nips:TIPPLE

nitpicking minute and usually unjustified criticism

nocturnal of, relating to, or occurring in the night

noisome offensive to the senses and especially to the sense of smell

a member of a people who have no fixed residence but move from place to place usually seasonally and within a
nomad
well-defined territory

nominal TRIFLING, INSIGNIFICANT

nonchalant having an air of easy unconcern or indifference

nondescript lacking distinctive or interesting qualities:DULL, DRAB

nonentity a person of little consequence or significance

nonflammable not flammable; specifically :not easily ignited and not burning rapidly if ignited

nonplus a state of bafflement or perplexity:QUANDARY

nonsense words or language having no meaning or conveying no intelligible ideas

notch to cut or make a notch in

notwithstandin
prep (can also follow the n to which it refers ) without being affected by (sth); in spite of
g

novelty something new or unusual

noxious physically harmful or destructive to living beings

nuance a subtle distinction or variation

nucleate to form into a nucleus:CLUSTER

nudge to touch or push gently; especially :to seek the attention of by a push of the elbow

nurture to supply with nourishment EDUCATE

oafish a stupid person:BOOB

oasis a fertile or green area in an arid region (as a desert)

obdurate resistant to persuasion or softening influences

obedient submissive to the restraint or command of authority:willing to obey

1. a movement of the body made in token of respect or submission:BOW 2. a movement of the body made in token of
obeisance
respect or submission:BOW

obfuscate to make obscure

obituary a notice of a person's death usually with a short biographical account

obligatory binding in law or conscience

oblige to do a favor for

obliging willing to do favors:ACCOMMODATING

oblique not straightforward:INDIRECT; also :OBSCURE

obliterate to remove from existence:destroy utterly all trace, indication, or significance of

oblivious lacking remembrance, memory, or mindful attention

obloquy Abusively detractive language or utterance; calumny

obscure not clearly seen or easily distinguished:FAINT

obsequious marked by or exhibiting a fawning attentiveness

observatory a building or place given over to or equipped for observation of natural phenomena (as in astronomy);

obsess to haunt or excessively preoccupy the mind of

obsolete of a kind or style no longer current

obstacle something that impedes progress or achievement

obstinate adj. perversely adhering to an opinion, purpose, or course in spite of reason, arguments, or persuasion

obstreperous marked by unruly or aggressive noisiness:CLAMOROUS

obstruct to hinder from passage, action, or operation

obtuse lacking sharpness or quickness of sensibility or intellect

obviate to anticipate and prevent (as a situation) or make unnecessary (as an action)

occlude to close up or block off:OBSTRUCT

occult not easily apprehended or understood:ABSTRUSE, MYSTERIOUS

occurrence something that occurs

ode a lyric poem usually marked by exaltation of feeling and style, varying length of line, and complexity of stanza forms

odious exciting or deserving hatred or repugnance

offbeat eccentric, unconventional

offend to cause dislike, anger, or vexation

offhand without premeditation or preparation:EXTEMPORE

officious volunteering one's services where they are neither asked nor needed:MEDDLESOME

offish somewhat cold and reserved:STANDOFFISH

ominous being or exhibiting an omen : PORTENTOUS; especially : foreboding or foreshowing evil : INAUSPICIOUS

omniscient having infinite awareness, understanding, and insight

opaque exhibiting opacity:blocking the passage of radiant energy and especially light

a drama set to music and made up of vocal pieces with orchestral accompaniment and orchestral overtures and
opera
interludes; specifically :GRAND OPERA

opine to express opinions

opportune suitable or convenient for a particular occurrence

oppose to place over against something so as to provide resistance, counterbalance, or contrast

oppression unjust or cruel exercise of authority or power

opprobrious expressive of opprobrium:SCURRILOUS

an act, process, or methodology of making something (as a design, system, or decision) as fully perfect, functional, or
optimization
effective as possible;
opulent amply or plentifully provided or fashioned often to the point of ostentation

oracle a person (as a priestess of ancient Greece) through whom a deity is believed to speak

oration an elaborate discourse delivered in a formal and dignified manner

orchestra a group of musicians including especially string players organized to perform ensemble music

orient get one's bearings; adjust

original not secondary, derivative, or imitative

ornithology a branch of zoology dealing with birds

orthodoxy the quality or state of being conforming to established doctrine especially in religion

oscillate to swing backward and forward like a pendulum

ossify to become hardened or conventional and opposed to change

ossilate

ostentatious marked by or fond of conspicuous or vainglorious and sometimes pretentious display

ostracism exclusion by general consent from common privileges or social acceptance

oust to remove from or dispossess of property or position by legal action, by force, or by the compulsion of necessity

outgoing openly friendly and responsive:EXTROVERTED

outmaneuve
to maneuver with better effect than; outwit
r

outmoded no longer acceptable, current, or usable

outwit to get the better of by superior cleverness:OUTSMART

overbearing harshly and haughtily arrogant

overdose too great a dose (as of a therapeutic agent)

overexposur
to expose excessively; especially:to expose (as film) to excessive radiation (as light)
e

overlap to occupy the same area in part:lap over

oversee INSPECT, EXAMINE

overt open to view:MANIFEST

overture something introductory:PRELUDE

overwhelm to make helpless, as with greater force or deep emotion; overcome; crush; overpower

overwrought extremely excited:AGITATED

oxymoron a combination of contradictory or incongruous words

any of various nonruminant hoofed mammals (as an elephant, a rhinoceros, or a pig) most of which have a thick
pachyderm
skin

pacify to allay the anger or agitation of:SOOTHE

pack a group of often predatory animals of the same kind

pact COMPACT; especially:an international treaty

padding material with which something is padded

paean a joyous song or hymn of praise, tribute, thanksgiving, or triumph; broadly

painstaking taking pains:expending, showing, or involving diligent care and effort

palatable agreeable to the palate or taste

palatial of, relating to, or being a palace

palette a particular range, quality, or use of color

pall to lose in interest or attraction

palliate to reduce the violence of (a disease)

pallid Having an abnormally pale or wan complexion

pallor (n.) lack of facial color

palmy marked by prosperity

palpable easily perceived by the senses; audible, recognizable, perceptible, noticeable, etc.

palter to act insincerely or deceitfully

paltry practically worthless; trifling; insignificant; contemptible; petty

pan to criticize unfavorably, as in reviewing

panache dash or flamboyance in style and action

Pandemonium Wild uproar or noise

pander to act as a pander; especially:to provide gratification for others' desires

panegyric a eulogistic oration or writing; also:formal or elaborate praise

panorama comprehensive view; unobstructed view in all directions

panoramic an unobstructed or complete view of an area in every direction

pantechnicon a furniture van

pantry a room (as in a hotel or hospital) for preparation of foods on order

parable EXAMPLE; specifically:a usually short fictitious story that illustrates a moral attitude or a religious principle

paradigm EXAMPLE, PATTERN; especially :an outstandingly clear or typical example or archetype

paradise a place or state of bliss, felicity, or delight

paradox a statement that is seemingly contradictory or opposed to common sense and yet is perhaps true

paragon a model of excellence or perfection

parallel extending in the same direction, everywhere equidistant, and not meeting

paramount superior to all others

a tendency on the part of an individual or group toward excessive or irrational suspiciousness and distrustfulness of
paranoia
others

paraphrase to make a restatement of a text, passage, or work giving the meaning in another form
parch to dry or shrivel with cold

pariah a member of a low caste of southern India

parity the quality or state of being equal or equivalent

parlance manner or mode of speech

parochial restricted to a small area or scope; narrow; limited; provincial

a literary or musical work in which the style of an author or work is closely imitated for comic effect or in ridicule;
parody
a poor or weak imitation

paroxysm a sudden violent emotion or action : OUTBURST

parquetry inlaid woodwork in geometric forms, usually of contrasting woods, used esp. in flooring

parrot to repeat by rote

parry to evade especially by an adroit answer

parse to resolve (as a sentence) into component parts of speech and describe them grammatically

parsimony a tendency to be over-careful in spending; unreasonable economy; stinginess

partial inclined to favor one party more than the other:BIASED

partiality inclination; bias

particularize to state in detail

a firm adherent to a party, faction, cause, or person; especially:one exhibiting blind, prejudiced, and unreasoning
partisan
allegiance

passionate capable of, affected by, or expressing intense feeling

pastiche a literary, artistic, musical, or architectural work that imitates the style of previous work;

patent readily visible or intelligible:OBVIOUS

something abnormal,deviation from propriety or from an assumed normal state of something nonliving or
pathology
nonmaterial

patina a superficial covering or exterior

patrician a person of high birth:ARISTOCRAT

patriot one who loves his or her country and supports its authority and interests

patronize to be kind or helpful to, but in a haughty or snobbish way, as if dealing with an inferior

paucity smallness of number:FEWNESS

paunchy having an enlarged, swollen, or protruding abdomen

a person destitute of means except such as are derived from charity; specifically :one who receives aid from funds
pauper
designated for the poor

pebble a small usually rounded stone especially when worn by the action of water

peccadillo a slight offense

peck (try to) strike (sth) with the beak

pedagogue TEACHER, SCHOOLMASTER; especially :a dull, formal, or pedantic teacher

pedant one who makes a show of knowledge

pedestrian COMMONPLACE, UNIMAGINATIVE

peep to utter the slightest sound

peerless MATCHLESS, INCOMPARABLE

peeve to make peevish or resentful:ANNOY

pejorative having negative connotations; especially :tending to disparage or belittle:DEPRECIATORY

pelf Wealth or riches, especially when dishonestly acquired

pellucid easy to understand

pen a female swan

the suffering in person, rights, or property that is annexed by law or judicial decision to the commission of a crime
penalty
or public offense

penchant a strong and continued inclination; broadly :LIKING

penetrate to enter by overcoming resistance:PIERCE

penitent feeling or expressing humble or regretful pain or sorrow for sins or offenses:REPENTANT

pensive musingly or dreamily thoughtful

penury a cramping and oppressive lack of resources (as money); especially :severe poverty

perceptible capable of being perceived especially by the senses

peremptory characterized by often imperious or arrogant self-assurance

perfervid marked by overwrought or exaggerated emotion : excessively fervent

perfidy the quality or state of being faithless or disloyal:TREACHERY

perforate to make a hole through; especially :to make a line of holes in to facilitate separation

perfunctorily lacking in interest or enthusiasm

perimeter the boundary of a closed plane figure

peripatetic moving or traveling from place to place:ITINERANT

peripheral of, relating to, involving, or forming a periphery or surface part

the voluntary violation of an oath or vow either by swearing to what is untrue or by omission to do what has been
perjury
promised under oath:false swearing perjury:deposition

permanence the quality or state of being permanent:DURABILITY

capable of being permeated:PENETRABLE; especially :having pores or openings that permit liquids or gases to
permeable
pass through

pernicious highly injurious or destructive:DEADLY

perpetual continuing forever:EVERLASTING

persecute to come to mind continually; obsess:

persevere to persist in a state, enterprise, or undertaking in spite of counterinfluences, opposition, or discouragement

persiflage to provide with an incentive; move to action; impel

personable pleasant or amiable in person:ATTRACTIVE

perspective an optical glass (as a telescope)

perspicacious of acute mental vision or discernment:KEEN

perspicuity plain to the understanding especially because of clarity and precision of presentation

pertinacious stubbornly unyielding or tenacious

pertinent having a clear decisive relevance to the matter in hand

perturb to disturb greatly in mind:DISQUIET

peruse to examine or consider with attention and in detail:STUDY

pervade to become diffused throughout every part of suffuse

pessimism an inclination to emphasize adverse aspects, conditions, and possibilities or to expect the worst possible outcome

pesticide an agent used to destroy pests

pestle a usually club-shaped implement for pounding or grinding substances in a mortar

petition to make a request to:SOLICIT

petrography the description and systematic classification of rocks

petty having secondary rank or importance : MINOR, SUBORDINATE

petulance the quality or state of being petulant:PEEVISHNESS

phenomenal EXTRAORDINARY, REMARKABLE

philanthropic of, relating to, or characterized by philanthropy:HUMANITARIAN

Philistine a person who is guided by materialism and is usually disdainful of intellectual or artistic values

philosophical of or according to philosophy

phlegmatic having or showing a slow and stolid temperament

photorespiratio
Oxidation of carbohydrates in plants with the release of carbon dioxide during photosynthesis
n

piddling TRIVIAL, PALTRY

piebald of different colors; especially : spotted or blotched with black and white

pigment a coloring matter in animals and plants especially in a cell or tissue;

pilfer STEAL; especially :to steal stealthily in small amounts and often again and again

pillar a firm upright support for a superstructure:POST

pillory to expose to public contempt, ridicule, or scorn

pilot one employed to steer a ship:HELMSMAN

pine to yearn intensely and persistently especially for something unattainable

an upright architectural member generally ending in a small spire and used especially in Gothic construction to
pinnacle
give weight especially to a buttress

pinpoint to locate or aim with great precision

piquant agreeably stimulating to the palate; especially :SPICY

pithy having substance and point:tersely cogent

pitiless devoid of pity:MERCILESS

pittance a small portion, amount, or allowance; also :a meager wage or remuneration

pixel The smallest image-forming unit of a video display

placate to soothe or mollify especially by concessions:APPEASE

an inert or innocuous substance used especially in controlled experiments testing the efficacy of another substance
placebo
(as a drug)

to steal and pass off (the ideas or words of another) as one's own:use (another's production) without crediting the
plagiarize
source

plangent having a loud reverberating sound

plantation a usually large group of plants and especially trees under cultivation

plateau a region of little or no change in a graphic representation

platitude a banal, trite, or stale remark

platonic purely spiritual; theoretical; without sensual desire

plaudit An expression of applause.

plausible superficially fair, reasonable, or valuable but often specious

playoff A final game or series of games played to break a tie

pleat FOLD; especially :to arrange in pleats

plethora EXCESS, SUPERFLUITY; also :PROFUSION, ABUNDANCE

a. supple enough to bend freely or repeatedly without breaking b. Easily influenced, persuaded, or swayed;
pliable
tractable.

pliant easily influenced:YIELDING

plight to put or give in pledge:ENGAGE

plodding working laboriously and monotonously:DRUDGE

1. a secret plan for accomplishing a usually evil or unlawful end:INTRIGUE 2. the plan or main story of a literary
plot
work

1. to play by sounding the strings with the fingers or a pick 2. courageous readiness to fight or continue against
pluck
odds:dogged resolution

plumage the feathers of a bird

plumb to measure the depth of with a plumb

plummet to drop sharply and abruptly

plump having a full rounded usually pleasing form a plump woman

plurality A majority.

polarize to break up into opposing factions or groupings

polemic the art or practice of disputation or controversy

polish of Poland or the Poles

polished highly developed, finished, or refined PERFECT

politic characterized by shrewdness in managing, contriving, or dealing

pollster one that conducts a poll or compiles data obtained by a poll

Pollyanna A person regarded as being foolishly or blindly optimistic

pompous having or exhibiting self-importance:ARROGANT

ponderable significant enough to be worth considering:APPRECIABLE

ponderous of very great weight

pontificate to speak or express opinions in a pompous or dogmatic way

a hard, fine-grained, sonorous, nonporous, and usually translucent and white ceramic ware that consists essentially
porcelain
of kaolin, quartz, and feldspar and is fired at high temperatures

pore a minute opening especially in an animal or plant; especially :one by which matter passes through a membrane

porous capable of being penetrated

portentous eliciting amazement or wonder:PRODIGIOUS

portrait PICTURE; especially :a pictorial representation (as a painting) of a person usually showing the face

poseur a person who pretends to be what he or she is not:an affected or insincere person

posit to assume or affirm the existence of:POSTULATE

posterity the offspring of one progenitor to the furthest generation

postscript a note or series of notes appended to a completed letter, article, or book

postulate to assume or claim as true, existent, or necessary:depend upon or start from the postulate of

posture to assume an artificial or pretended attitude:ATTITUDINIZE

pot an enclosed framework of wire, wood, or wicker for catching fish or lobsters

potable suitable for drinking

potboiler a literary or artistic work of poor quality, producedquickly for profit

potentate RULER, SOVEREIGN; broadly:one who wields great power or sway

to make effective or active or more effective or more active; also:to augment the activity of (as a drug)
potentiate
synergistically

pout to show displeasure by thrusting out the lips or wearing a sullen expression

a large area of level or rolling land in the Mississippi valley that in its natural uncultivated state usually has deep
prairie
fertile soil, a cover of tall coarse grasses, and few trees

prate to talk long and idly:CHATTER

preach to deliver a sermon

precarious characterized by a lack of security or stability that threatens with danger

precedent prior in time, order, arrangement, or significance

precipice a very steep or overhanging place; dangerous position:CLIFF

precipitate to bring about especially abruptly

precipitation something precipitated:as a deposit on the earth of hail, mist, rain, sleet, or snow
precipitous very steep, perpendicular, or overhanging in rise or fall

preclude To make impossible, as by action taken in advance; prevent

precursor one that precedes and indicates the approach of another

one that precedes; especially:a person who has previously occupied a position or office to which another has
predecessor
succeeded

preeminent having paramount rank, dignity, or importance:OUTSTANDING

preempt to replace with something considered to be of greater value or priority:take precedence over

preen to dress or smooth (oneself) up:PRIMP

preface the introductory remarks of a speaker or author

pregnant abounding in fancy, wit, or resourcefulness:INVENTIVE

prejudice an adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge or examination of the facts.

preliminary coming before and usually forming a necessary prelude to something else

premeditated characterized by fully conscious willful intent and a measure of forethought and planning

preponderant having superior weight, force, or influence

prepossessing tending to create a favorable impression:ATTRACTIVE

preposterous contrary to nature, reason, or common sense:ABSURD

presage FORETELL, PREDICT

prescience foreknowledge of events:a:divine omniscience b:human anticipation of the course of events:FORESIGHT

prescription a written direction for a therapeutic or corrective agent; specifically:one for the preparation and use of a medicine

presentiment a feeling that something will or is about to happen:PREMONITION

something that preserves or has the power of preserving; specifically:an additive used to protect against decay,
preservative
discoloration, or spoilage

prestige standing or estimation in the eyes of people:weight or credit in general opinion

presumptuous overstepping due bounds (as of propriety or courtesy):taking liberties

pretense an inadequate or insincere attempt to attain a certain condition or quality

prevail to gain ascendancy through strength or superiority:TRIUMPH

prevalent generally or widely accepted, practiced, or favored:WIDESPREAD

prevaricate to deviate from the truth:EQUIVOCATE

prime the earliest stage

primordial existing in or persisting from the beginning

primp to dress, adorn, or arrange in a careful or finicky manner

principal most important, consequential, or influential:CHIEF

prissy being prim and precise:FINICKY

pristine not spoiled, corrupted, or polluted (as by civilization):PURE

privation the state of being deprived; especially : lack of what is needed for existence
 a right or immunity granted as a peculiar benefit, advantage, or favor:PREROGATIVE; especially :such a right or
privilege
immunity attached specifically to a position or an office

probe to make a searching exploratory investigation

probity adherence to the highest principles and ideals:UPRIGHTNESS

proclivity A natural propensity or inclination; predisposition

procrastinate to put off intentionally the doing of something that should be done

procure to get possession of:obtain by particular care and effort

prod to incite to action:STIR

prodigal characterized by wasteful expenditure:LAVISH

prodigy an extraordinary, marvelous, or unusual accomplishment, deed, or event

profane to treat (something sacred) with abuse, irreverence, or contempt:DESECRATE

proffer to present for acceptance:TENDER, OFFER

proficient having or marked by an advanced degree of competence, as in an art, vocation, profession, or branch of learning

profligate wildly extravagant:PRODIGAL

profusion great quantity:lavish display or supply

proliferate to increase in number as if by proliferating:MULTIPLY

prolix marked by or using an excess of words

prolong to lengthen in extent, scope, or range

prominent readily noticeable:CONSPICUOUS

promote to contribute to the growth or prosperity of:FURTHER

propagate to cause to spread out and affect a greater number or greater area:EXTEND

propensity an often intense natural inclination or preference

prophetic foretelling events:PREDICTIVE

propitiate to gain or regain the favor or goodwill of:APPEASE, CONCILIATE

propitious favorably disposed:BENEVOLENT

proposal an act of putting forward or stating something for consideration

prosaic DULL, UNIMAGINATIVE,EVERYDAY, ORDINARY

proscribe to condemn or forbid as harmful or unlawful:PROHIBIT

the act or process of prosecuting; specifically:the institution and continuance of a criminal suit involving the
prosecution
process of pursuing formal charges against an offender to final judgment

proselytize to recruit or convert especially to a new faith, institution, or cause

prospect to search for or explore (a region) for mineral deposits or oil.

prosperous enjoying vigorous and healthy growth:FLOURISHING

prostrate stretched out with face on the ground in adoration or submission; also:lying flat

protean displaying great diversity or variety:VERSATILE

protest to execute or have executed a formal protest against (as a bill or note)

protocol a code prescribing strict adherence to correct etiquette and precedence

protract to prolong in time or space:CONTINUE

protuberant thrusting out from a surrounding or adjacent surface often as a rounded mass:PROMINENT

provident FRUGAL, SAVING

providential Happening as if through divine intervention; opportune.

provincial limited in outlook:NARROW

provisional serving for the time being:TEMPORARY

provisory containing or subject to a proviso:CONDITIONAL

provoke to call forth (as a feeling or action):EVOKE

prowess distinguished bravery; especially:military valor and skill

prowl to move about or wander stealthily in or as if in search of prey

a person who is excessively or priggishly attentive to propriety or decorum; especially :a woman who shows or
prude
affects extreme modesty

prudent marked by circumspection:DISCREET

prudish marked by prudery:PRIGGISH

prune a plum dried or capable of drying without fermentation

pry to look closely or inquisitively; also:to make a nosy or presumptuous inquiry

psychology the study of mind and behavior in relation to a particular field of knowledge or activity

pucker to contract into folds or wrinkles

puckish IMPISH, WHIMSICAL

puerile CHILDISH, SILLY

puissance Power; might

pulchritude physical comeliness

pullet a young hen; specifically:a hen of the domestic chicken less than a year old

pulverize to reduce (as by crushing, beating, or grinding) to very small particles:ATOMIZE

pun a joke using words with similar sounds or two different meanings:

punch the sentence, statement, or phrase (as in a joke) that makes the point

punctilious marked by or concerned about precise accordance with the details of codes or conventions

pundit one who gives opinions in an authoritative manner:PANDIT, CRITIC

pungent causing a sharp or irritating sensation; especially:ACRID

puny slight or inferior in power, size, or importance:WEAK

an intermediate state after death for expiatory purification; spec.:a place or state of punishment wherein according
purgatory to Roman Catholic doctrine the souls of those who die in God's grace may make satisfaction for past sins and so
become fit for heave
purity the quality or state of being pure

purlieu a frequently visited place:HAUNT

purloin to appropriate wrongfully and often by a breach of trust

pursue to follow in order to overtake, capture, kill, or defeat

purvey to supply (as provisions) usually as a matter of business

pusillanimous lacking courage and resolution:marked by contemptible timidity

quaff to drink (a beverage) deeply

quail to recoil in dread or terror:COWER

quaint unusual or different in character or appearance:ODD

qualified limited or modified in some way

quandary a state of perplexity or doubt

quarantin
to isolate from normal relations or communication
e

quarry 1. one that is sought or pursued:PREY 2. an open excavation usually for obtaining building stone, slate, or limestone

quash to suppress or extinguish summarily and completely

quell to thoroughly overwhelm and reduce to submission or passivity

quench to cool (as heated metal) suddenly by immersion (as in oil or water)

querulous habitually complaining

queue a waiting line especially of persons or vehicles

quibble to evade the point of an argument by caviling about words

quiescent marked by inactivity or repose:tranquilly at rest

quip a witty or funny observation or response usually made on the spur of the moment

foolishly impractical especially in the pursuit of ideals; especially :marked by rash lofty romantic ideas or extravagantly
quixotic
chivalrous action

a proportional part or share; especially :the share or proportion assigned to each in a division or to each member of a
quota
body

quotidian COMMONPLACE, ORDINARY

rabble a disorganized or disorderly crowd of people:MOB

rabid extremely violent:FURIOUS

racketeer one who obtains money by an illegal enterprise usually involving intimidation

raconteur a person who excels in telling anecdotes

racy having a strongly marked quality:PIQUANT

raffish marked by or suggestive of flashy vulgarity or crudeness

raffle a lottery in which the prize is won by one of numerous persons buying chances

rafter any of the parallel beams that support a roof

rage violent and uncontrolled anger

ragged torn or worn to tatters

ragtime rhythm characterized by strong syncopation in the melody with a regularly accented accompaniment

rail to revile or scold in harsh, insolent, or abusive language

raisin a grape of any of several varieties that has been dried in the sun or by artificial heat

rakish of, relating to, or characteristic of a rake : DISSOLUTE

ramble to move aimlessly from place to place

rambunctious marked by uncontrollable exuberance:UNRULY

rampart a protective barrier:BULWARK

ramshackle appearing ready to collapse:RICKETY

rancid offensive in odor or flavor:RANK

rancor bitter deep-seated ill will

range a series of mountains

ranger the keeper of a British royal park or forest

rank offensive in odor or flavor; especially :RANCID

rankle to cause anger, irritation, or deep bitterness

rant to scold vehemently

rapacious excessively grasping or covetous

rapport RELATION; especially :relation marked by harmony, conformity, accord, or affinity

rapprochemen
establishment of or state of having cordial relations
t

rapscallion RASCAL, NE'ER-DO-WELL

rapt wholly absorbed: ENGROSSED

rash marked by or proceeding from undue haste or lack of deliberation or caution

raspy HARSH, GRATING

ratify to approve and sanction formally:CONFIRM

ratiocination the process of exact thinking:REASONING

ration a food allowance for one day

rationalize to provide plausible but untrue reasons for conduct

raucous disagreeably harsh or strident:HOARSE

rave an extravagantly favorable criticism

ravel to separate or undo the texture of:UNRAVEL

ravenous very eager or greedy for food, satisfaction, or gratification

raze to destroy to the ground:DEMOLISH

reactant a substance that enters into and is altered in the course of a chemical reaction

reactionary relating to, marked by, or favoring reaction; especially :ultraconservative in politics

ream a quantity of paper being 20 quires or variously 480, 500, or 516 sheets

reap to gather by reaping:HARVEST

reaper one who harvests grain

reassure to restore to confidence

rebellow

rebuff to reject or criticize sharply:SNUB

a representation of words or syllables by pictures of objects or by symbols whose names resemble the intended
rebus
words or syllables in sound; also :a riddle made up of such pictures or symbols

recalcitrant obstinately defiant of authority or restraint

recant to withdraw or repudiate (a statement or belief) formally and publicly:RENOUNCE

recapitulate to repeat the principal points or stages of : SUMMARIZE

recessive producing little or no phenotypic effect when occurring in heterozygous condition with a contrasting allele

recidivism a tendency to relapse into a previous condition or mode of behavior; especially :relapse into criminal behavior

reciprocate to move forward and backward alternately

reckless marked by lack of proper caution:careless of consequences

recluse a person who leads a secluded or solitary life

recoil to fall back under pressure

reconcile to make consistent or congruous

recondite difficult or impossible for one of ordinary understanding or knowledge to comprehend:DEEP

reconnaissance a preliminary survey to gain information; especially :an exploratory military survey of enemy territory

reconnoiter To make a preliminary examination of for military, surveying, or geological purposes.

reconstitute to constitute again or anew; especially :to restore to a former condition by adding water

rectify to correct by removing errors:ADJUST

rectitude moral integrity:RIGHTEOUSNESS

recuperate to regain a former state or condition; especially :to recover health or strength

redolent exuding fragrance:AROMATIC

redoubtable ILLUSTRIOUS, EMINENT; broadly :worthy of respect

redress to set right:REMEDY

redundant exceeding what is necessary or normal:SUPERFLUOUS

reedy having many reeds

reel a revolvable device on which something flexible is wound

refinery a building and equipment for refining or processing (as oil or sugar)

reflective marked by reflection:THOUGHTFUL, DELIBERATIVE

refractory resisting control or authority:STUBBORN, UNMANAGEABLE

refresh to restore strength and animation to:REVIVE

refugee one that flees; especially :a person who flees to a foreign country or power to escape danger or persecution

refulgent a radiant or resplendent quality or state:BRILLIANCE

refute to prove wrong by argument or evidence:show to be false or erroneous

regard a feeling of respect and affection:ESTEEM

regenerate restored to a better, higher, or more worthy state

regime a government in power

a systematic plan (as of diet, therapy, or medication) especially when designed to improve and maintain the health of
regimen
a patient

regress to tend to approach or revert to a mean

regression A going back; a withdrawing or returning; (opposite of progression)

rehabilitate to restore to a former state (as of efficiency, good management, or solvency)

rehabilitation rehabilitating or being rehabilitated

rehearsal a private performance or practice session preparatory to a public appearance

reign royal authority:SOVEREIGNTY

rein to check or stop by or as if by a pull at the reins

reiterate to state or do over again or repeatedly sometimes with wearying effect

rejoice to feel joy or great delight

relapse to slip or fall back into a former worse state

release to set free from restraint, confinement, or servitude

relentless showing or promising no abatement of severity, intensity, strength, or pace:UNRELENTING

relevant having significant and demonstrable bearing on the matter at hand

religion a cause, principle, or system of beliefs held to with ardor and faith

relinquish to give over possession or control of:YIELD

relish characteristic flavor; especially :pleasing or zestful flavor

reluctant Unwilling; disinclined:

remiss showing neglect or inattention:LAX

remnant a usually small part, member, or trace remaining

remodel to alter the structure of:REMAKE

remonstrance an earnest presentation of reasons for opposition or grievance; especially :a document formally stating such points

remorse a gnawing distress arising from a sense of guilt for past wrongs:SELF-REPROACH

remunerate to pay an equivalent to for a service, loss, or expense:RECOMPENSE

rend to split or tear apart or in pieces by violence

renounce to give up, refuse, or resign usually by formal declaration

renovate to restore to a former better state (as by cleaning, repairing, or rebuilding)

repartee a succession or interchange of clever retorts:amusing and usually light sparring with words

repatriate to restore or return to the country of origin, allegiance, or citizenship

repeal to rescind or annul by authoritative act; especially :to revoke or abrogate by legislative enactment

repel to drive back:REPULSE

repertoire the complete list or supply of dramas, operas, or musical works available for performance

replete fully or abundantly provided or filled

reportage the act or process of reporting news

repose to take a rest

reprehensible worthy of or deserving reprehension:CULPABLE

repressed characterized by restraint

reprieve to delay the punishment of (as a condemned prisoner)

reprimand to reprove sharply or censure formally usually from a position of authority

reprisal the act or practice in international law of resorting to force short of war in retaliation for damage or loss suffered

reproach an expression of rebuke or disapproval

reprobate 1. to condemn strongly as unworthy, unacceptable, or evil 2. A morally unprincipled person.

reproof criticism for a fault:REBUKE

reprove to scold or correct usually gently or with kindly intent

Any of various cold-blooded, usually egg-laying vertebrates of the class Reptilia, such as a snake, lizard, crocodile,
reptile
turtle, or dinosaur, having an external covering of scales or horny plates and breathing by means of lungs.

repudiate to refuse to accept; especially :to reject as unauthorized or as having no binding force

repugnant exciting distaste or aversion;inconsistent.

repulse to drive or beat back:REPEL

rescind to make void (as an act) by action of the enacting authority or a superior authority:REPEAL

resentment a feeling of indignant displeasure or persistent ill will at something regarded as a wrong, insult, or injury

reserved restrained in words and actions

resign to give up one's office or position:QUIT

the capability of a strained body to recover its size and shape after deformation caused especially by compressive
resilience
stress

resin a sticky substance found in some plants

resolute marked by firm determination:RESOLVED

resonant (adj.) resounding; re-echoing

resourceful able to meet situations:capable of devising ways and means

respire BREATHE; specifically :to inhale and exhale air successively

respite A usually short interval of rest or relief.

resplendent shining brilliantly:characterized by a glowing splendor

responsive quick to respond or react appropriately or sympathetically: SENSITIVE

restive marked by impatience:FIDGETY

restless marked by a lack of quiet, repose, or rest

restore to put or bring back into existence or use

restrain to limit, restrict, or keep under control

resurgence a rising again into life, activity, or prominence:RENASCENCE

resuscitate to revive from apparent death or from unconsciousness; also :REVITALIZE

retainer a person attached or owing service to a household; especially :SERVANT

retaliate to repay (as an injury) in kind

retard to slow up especially by preventing or hindering advance or accomplishment:IMPEDE

reticent restrained in expression, presentation, or appearance

retinue a group of retainers or attendants

retort to pay or hurl back:RETURN

retouch to alter (as a photographic negative) to produce a more desirable appearance

retract TAKE BACK, WITHDRAW

retreat the usually forced withdrawal of troops from an enemy or from an advanced position

retrench to cut out:EXCISE

retrieve recover; find and bring in

retrograde going backward; degenerating

retrospective affecting things past:RETROACTIVE

revelry noisy partying or merrymaking

revenge to inflict injury in return for

revere to show devoted deferential honor to:regard as worthy of great honor

revise to make a new, amended, improved, or up-to-date version of

revive to return to consciousness or life:become active or flourishing again

revoke to annul by recalling or taking back:RESCIND

revue a theatrical production consisting typically of brief loosely connected often satirical skits, songs, and dances

rewarding yielding or likely to yield a reward:VALUABLE, SATISFYING

ribald CRUDE, OFFENSIVE

rickety lacking stability or firmness:SHAKY

rider a clause appended to a legislative bill to secure a usually distinct object

ridicule the act of exposing to laughter:DERISION, MOCKERY

rife copiously supplied:ABOUNDING

riffraff People regarded as disreputable or worthless

rift BREACH, ESTRANGEMENT

rigid inflexibly set in opinioncircular:asymmetrical::protean:rigid

rigmarole a set of confused and meaningless statements ; a long and complicated and confusing procedure

rile to make agitated and angry:UPSET

riot to indulge in revelry or wantonness

risible arousing or provoking laughter; especially :LAUGHABLE

rite a prescribed form or manner governing the words or actions for a ceremony

rival one of two or more striving to reach or obtain something that only one can possess

rive to wrench open or tear apart or to pieces:REND

riveting having the power to fix the attention : ENGROSSING, FASCINATING

rivulet a small stream

robust having or exhibiting strength or vigorous health

any of an order (Rodentia) of relatively small gnawing mammals (as a mouse, a squirrel, or a beaver) that have in
rodent
both jaws a single pair of incisors with a chisel-shaped edge

roil to stir up:DISTURB, DISORDER

roister to engage in noisy revelry:CAROUSE

roster a roll or list of personnel

rostrum a stage for public speaking

rosy characterized by or tending to promote optimism

rouse to stir up:EXCITE

rubicund having a healthy reddish color

rudimentary Being in the earliest stages of development; incipient.

rue to feel penitence, remorse, or regret for

ruffian a brutal person:BULLY

ruffle a strip of fabric gathered or pleated on one edge

to go over in the mind repeatedly and often casually or slowly ruminate:decidemuseful ;ruminative ;lamentable
ruminate
;plaintive

rumple FOLD, WRINKLE

run an unbroken course of performances or showings,to be presented or performed for a continuous period of time
rupture breach of peace or concord; specifically :open hostility or war between nations

ruse a crafty stratagem; a subterfuge.

rustic of, relating to, or suitable for the country:RURAL

rustle make slight sounds like silk moving or being rubbed together

sabbatical of or relating to the break or change from a normal routine

damage done secretly to prevent an enemy, a competitor, etc succeeding, esp by destroying his weapons or equipment
sabotage
and spoiling his plans

saccharine overly or sickishly sweet

sacrifice an act of offering to a deity something precious; especially :the killing of a victim on an altar

a technical and not necessarily intrinsically outrageous violation (as improper reception of a sacrament) of what is
sacrilege
sacred because consecrated to God

saddle to place (an onerous responsibility) on a person or group

safeguard a technical contrivance to prevent accident

sagacious of keen and farsighted penetration and judgment:DISCERNING

salient standing out conspicuously:PROMINENT; especially :of notable significance

salmon a large anadromous salmonid fish (Salmo salar) of the No. Atlantic noted as a game and food fish

salubrious favorable to or promoting health or well-being

salutary producing a beneficial effect:REMEDIAL

salutation an expression of greeting, goodwill, or courtesy by word, gesture, or ceremony

salvage to rescue or save especially from wreckage or ruin

salve an unctuous adhesive substance for application to wounds or sores

salvo a simultaneous discharge of two or more guns in military action or as a salute

sanctify to set apart to a sacred purpose or to religious use:CONSECRATE

sanctimoniou
affecting piousness:hypocritically devout; also :indicative of affected piousness
s

sanction to give effective or authoritative approval or consent to

sanctuary a place of refuge and protection

sand to smooth or dress by grinding or rubbing with an abrasive (as sandpaper)

sanguine CONFIDENT, OPTIMISTIC

sanitation the promotion of hygiene and prevention of disease by maintenance of sanitary conditions

sap to weaken or exhaust the energy or vitality of

sapient possessing or expressing great sagacity

sapling a young tree; specifically:one not over four inches in diameter at breast height

sarcastic given to the use of sarcasm:CAUSTIC

sartorial of or relating to a tailor or tailored clothes; broadly :of or relating to clothes

satiated to satisfy (as a need or desire) fully or to excess

satire a literary work holding up human vices and follies to ridicule or scorn

saturated full of moisture:made thoroughly wet

saturnine of a gloomy or surly disposition

saunter to walk about in an idle or leisurely manner:STROLL

savanna A flat grassland of tropical or subtropical regions.

savory pleasing to the sense of taste especially by reason of effective seasoning

savvy practical know-how

scale a.an instrument or machine for weighing b.an estimate of the amount of sound lumber in logs or standing timber

scalpel a small straight thin-bladed knife used especially in surgery

scan to read or mark so as to show metrical structure

scanty limited or less than sufficient in degree, quantity, or extent

scarce deficient in quantity or number compared with the demand : not plentiful or abundant

scare to frighten especially suddenly:ALARM

scathing bitterly severe

schism a separation or division into factionsschism:consensus::interruption:continuity

scintillating brilliantly lively, stimulating, or witty

scion DESCENDANT, CHILD

scission a division or split in a group or union:schism

a cutting implement consisting of two blades joined by a swivel pin that allows the cutting edges to be opened and
scissor
closed

scoff to show contempt by derisive acts or language

child's foot-operated vehicle consisting of a narrow footboard mounted between two wheels tandem with an upright
scooter
steering handle attached to the front wheel

scorch to dry or shrivel with or as if with intense heat:PARCH

score the copy of a musical composition in written or printed notation

scorn to treat with scorn:reject or dismiss as contemptible or unworthy

scour to rub hard especially with a rough material for cleansing

scowl to contract the brow in an expression of displeasure

scrap discard;to abandon as no longer of enough worth to retain

scrappy quarrelsome;having an aggressive and determined spirit

scrawl to write or draw awkwardly, hastily, or carelessly

a nail-shaped or rod-shaped piece with a spiral groove and a slotted or recessed head designed to be inserted into
screw
material by rotating
scribble to write hastily or carelessly without regard to legibility or form

script the written text of a stage play, screenplay, or broadcast; specifically :the one used in production or performance

scrupulous having moral integrity:acting in strict regard for what is considered right or proper

scrutable capable of being deciphered:COMPREHENSIBLE

scrutiny a searching study, inquiry, or inspection:EXAMINATION

scuff to scratch, gouge, or wear away the surface of

sculptor an artist who makes sculptures

scurrilous using or given to coarse language

scurvy disgustingly mean or contemptible:DESPICABLE

scutter to move with a clattering, scurrying sound

scythe an implement used for mowing (as grass) and composed of a long curving blade fastened at an angle to a long handle

secluded Removed or remote from others; solitary

secrete to form and give off (a secretion)

sedate to dose with sedatives

sedentary not migratory:SETTLED

seduce to persuade to disobedience or disloyalty

sedulous involving or accomplished with careful perseverance

seemly conventionally proper:DECOROUS

seminal containing or contributing the seeds of later development

seminary A school, especially a theological school for the training of priests, ministers, or rabbis

a mental process (as seeing, hearing, or smelling) due to immediate bodily stimulation often as distinguished from
sensation
awareness of the

sensitive highly responsive or susceptible

sentinel SENTRY:GUARD, WATCH; especially :a soldier standing guard at a point of passage (as a gate)

sepulchral suited to or suggestive of a sepulchre:FUNEREAL, MORTUARY

sequela A secondary consequence or result

sequester to place (property) in custody especially in sequestration

seraph one of the 6-winged angels standing in the presence of God

sere being dried and withered

serendipity the faculty or phenomenon of finding valuable or agreeable things not sought for

serenity the quality or state of being shining bright and steady

serfdom a member of a servile feudal class bound to the soil and subject to the will of his lord

sermon a religious discourse delivered in public usually by a clergyman as a part of a worship service

serpentine Of or resembling a serpent, as in form or movement; sinuousserpentine:directness::??

serrate notched or toothed on the edge; specifically having marginal teeth pointing forward or toward the apex

serried crowded or pressed together:COMPACT

servile meanly or cravenly submissive:ABJECT

severe rigorous in restraint, punishment, or requirement:STRINGENT, RESTRICTIVE

shackle to deprive of freedom especially of action by means of restrictions or handicaps:IMPEDE

shadow to follow especially secretly:TRAIL

shaft arrow or spear/smth long and narrow

a fissile rock that is formed by the consolidation of clay, mud, or silt, has a finely stratified or laminated structure, and
shale
is composed of minerals essentially unaltered since deposition

sham an imitation or counterfeit purporting to be genuine

shard fragments of pottery vessels found on sites and in refuse deposits where pottery-making peoples have lived

shelter to constitute or provide a shelter for:PROTECT

shiftless lacking in ambition or incentive:LAZY

shirk to evade the performance of an obligation

shopworn stale from excessive use or familiarity

shrewd marked by clever discerning awareness and hardheaded acumen

shrink to recoil instinctively

shrug to raise or draw in the shoulders especially to express aloofness, indifference, or uncertainty

shun to avoid deliberately and especially habitually

shunt to switch (as a train) from one track to another

shuttle to cause to move or travel back and forth frequently

sidereal of, relating to, or expressed in relation to stars or constellations:ASTRAL

signal distinguished from the ordinary

simpleton a person lacking in common sense

simulate to give or assume the appearance or effect of often with the intent to deceive:IMITATE

sin an offense against religious or moral law

sincere free of dissimulation:HONEST

sinecure an office or position that requires little or no work and that usually provides an income

sinew solid resilient strength:POWER

to burn superficially or lightly:SCORCH; especially :to remove the hair, down, or fuzz from usually by passing
singe
rapidly over a flame

singular distinguished by superiority:EXCEPTIONAL

sinister singularly evil or productive of evil

sinuous of a serpentine or wavy form:WINDING

sip to drink in small quantities

 One of a group of sea nymphs who by their sweet singing lured mariners to destruction on the rocks surrounding their
siren
island.

skeptic a person disposed to skepticism especially regarding religion or religious principles

sketchy wanting in completeness, clearness, or substance:SLIGHT, SUPERFICIAL

skimpy deficient in supply or execution especially through skimping:SCANTY

skirt to avoid especially because of difficulty or fear of controversy

skit a brief burlesque or comic sketch included in a dramatic performance (as a revue)

skittish easily frightened:RESTIVE

slake SATISFY, QUENCH

slant to present so as to conform to a particular bias or appeal to a certain audience

slate a list of candidates for nomination or election

slew a large number

slight 1. to treat with disdain or indifference 2. small of its kind or in amount:SCANTY, MEAGER

slink to go or move stealthily or furtively (as in fear or shame):STEAL

slippery causing or tending to cause something to slide or fall

slipshod wearing loose shoes or slippers

sloppy wet so as to spatter easily:SLUSHY

sloth disinclination to action or labor:INDOLENCE

to walk, stand, or sit with a gait or posture characterized by an ungainly stooping of the head and shoulders or
slouch
excessive relaxation of body muscles:DROOP

sloven untidy especially in personal appearance:slovenly

sluggard an habitually lazy person

sluggish averse to activity or exertion:INDOLENT; also :TORPID

slumber to be in a torpid, slothful, or negligent state

slur an insulting or disparaging remark or innuendo:ASPERSION

sly lacking in straightforwardness and candor:DISSEMBLING

smarmy Hypocritically, complacently, or effusively earnest; unctuous

smart 1. stylish or elegant in dress or appearance 2. a smarting pain; especially :a stinging local pain

smattering superficial piecemeal knowledge

smirk to smile in an affected or smug manner:SIMPER

smother to be overcome or killed through or as if through lack of air

smug highly self-satisfied

smuggle to convey or introduce surreptitiously

snare to capture by or as if by use of a snare

snarl to cause to become knotted and intertwined:TANGLE To growl viciously while baring the teeth
sneer to smile or laugh with facial contortions that express scorn or contempt

snob one who has an offensive air of superiority in matters of knowledge or taste

snub to treat with contempt or neglect

soak to lie immersed in liquid (as water):become saturated by or as if by immersion

sober marked by sedate or gravely or earnestly thoughtful character or demeanor

sodden heavy with or as if with moisture or water

solace alleviation of grief or anxiety

solder to unite or make whole by solder

solemn marked by grave sedateness and earnest sobriety

solicitous full of concern or fears:APPREHENSIVE

solidify to make solid, compact, or hard

solitude the quality or state of being alone or remote from society : SECLUSION

solvent able to pay all legal debts

somber of a dismal or depressing character:MELANCHOLY

somnolence the quality or state of being drowsy:SLEEPINESS

sonata an instrumental musical composition typically of three or four movements in contrasting forms and keys

a fixed verse form of Italian origin consisting of fourteen lines that are typically five-foot iambics rhyming according
sonnet
to a prescribed scheme; also :a poem in this pattern

soothe to please by or as if by attention or concern:PLACATE,RELIEVE, ALLEVIATE

sop a conciliatory or propitiatory bribe, gift, or gesture

sophism an argument apparently correct in form but actually invalid; especially :such an argument used to deceive

the process or result of becoming cultured, knowledgeable, or disillusioned; especially :CULTIVATION,

sophistication
URBANITY

sophomoric conceited and overconfident of knowledge but poorly informed and immature

soporific tending to dull awareness or alertness

sordid marked by baseness or grossness:VILE

sound SOLID, FIRM; also :STABLE

sparse of few and scattered elements; especially :not thickly grown or settled

Spartan marked by simplicity, frugality, or avoidance of luxury and comfort

spat a brief petty quarrel or angry outburst

spate a large number or amount

specialize To pursue a special activity, occupation, or field of study

specious having a false look of truth or genuineness:SOPHISTIC

speck a very small amount:BIT

spectator one who looks on or watches

 a continuum of color formed when a beam of white light is dispersed (as by passage through a prism) so that its
spectrum
component wavelengths are arranged in order

speculate to meditate on or ponder a subject:REFLECT

spendthrift a person who spends improvidently or wastefully

spent drained of energy or effectiveness:EXHAUSTED

spindly of a disproportionately tall or long and thin appearance that often suggests physical weakness

spine row of bones along the back of humans and some animals; backbone

spineless having no spine; invertebrate

spiny abounding with difficulties, obstacles, or annoyances:THORNY

spire a tapering roof or analogous pyramidal construction surmounting a tower

spleen feelings of anger or ill will often suppressed

splint material or a device used to protect and immobilize a body part (as a broken arm)

spoil to pamper excessively:CODDLE

spoke any of the small radiating bars inserted in the hub of a wheel to support the rim

spontaneous arising from a momentary impulse

spoof A gentle satirical imitation; a light parody.

sporadic occurring occasionally, singly, or in scattered instances

sprain a sudden or violent twist or wrench of a joint with stretching or tearing of ligaments

sprightly marked by a gay lightness and vivacity:SPIRITED

spur to incite to action or accelerated growth or development:STIMULATE

spurious outwardly similar or corresponding to something without having its genuine qualities:FALSE

spurn to reject with disdain or contempt:SCORN

squabble a noisy altercation or quarrel usually over trifles

squalid marked by filthiness and degradation from neglect or poverty

squall a short-lived commotion

squander to spend extravagantly or foolishly:DISSIPATE

squelch to completely suppress:QUELL

squint looking or tending to look obliquely or askance (as with envy or disdain)

stagnant not advancing or developing

staid marked by settled sedateness and often prim self-restraint: SOBER, GRAVE

stalemate a drawn contest:DEADLOCK

stalk to pursue by tracking stealthily

stalwart marked by outstanding strength and vigor of body, mind, or spirit

stamina strength; staying power

stammer to make involuntary stops and repetitions in speaking:HALT

a division of a poem consisting of a series of lines arranged together in a usually recurring pattern of meter and
stanza
rhyme:STROPHE

stark rigid in or as if in death

startle to frighten or surprise suddenly and usually not seriously

static characterized by a lack of movement, animation, or progression

stature natural height (as of a person) in an upright position

status relative rank in a hierarchy of prestige; especially :high prestige

steadfast firmly fixed in place:IMMOVABLE

stealth the act or action of proceeding furtively, secretly, or imperceptibly

steep to saturate with or subject thoroughly to

stench to emit a strong offensive odor:STINK

stentorian extremely loud

sterile free from living organisms and especially microorganisms

stickler one who insists on exactness or completeness in the observance of something

stiff lacking in suppleness or responsiveness

stifle to withhold from circulation or expression:REPRESS

stigma a mark of shame or discredit:STAIN

stilted POMPOUS, LOFTY

stingy not generous or liberal:sparing or scant in giving or spending

stint to be sparing or frugal

stipple to engrave by means of dots and flicks

stipulate To lay down as a condition of an agreement; require by contract.

stipulation action of stipulating

stock a store or supply accumulated; especially :the inventory of goods of a merchant or manufacturer

stockade an enclosure or pen made with posts and stakes

stodgy BORING, DULL

stoic not affected by or showing passion or feeling; especially :firmly restraining response to pain or distress

stolid having or expressing little or no sensibility:UNEMOTIONAL

stouthearted having a stout heart or spirit:STUBBORN

straggle to wander from the direct course or way:ROVE, STRAY

strait a comparatively narrow passageway connecting two large bodies of water b:a situation of perplexity or distress

stratify to divide or arrange into classes, castes, or social strata

stray to wander accidentally from a fixed or chosen route

strength degree of potency of effect or of concentration

striate to mark with striations or striae

stricture an adverse criticism:CENSURE

stride to move with or as if with long steps

strident characterized by harsh, insistent, and discordant sound

strike To form by stamping, printing, or punching:

stringent marked by rigor, strictness, or severity especially with regard to rule or standard

strip to remove clothing, covering, or surface matter from

strut 1. to walk with a pompous and affected air 2. a structural piece designed to resist pressure in the direction of its length

stubborn unreasonably or perversely unyielding:MULISH

studio the working place of a painter, sculptor, or photographer

stultify to have a dulling or inhibiting effect on

stun to make senseless, groggy, or dizzy by or as if by a blow:DAZE

stunt to hinder the normal growth, development, or progress of

sturdy marked by or reflecting physical strength or vigor

stygian extremely dark, gloomy, or forbidding

stylus an instrument for writing, marking, or incising

stymie to present an obstacle to:stand in the way of

subdue to conquer and bring into subjection:VANQUISH

subject one that is placed under authority or control

subjugate to bring under control and governance as a subject:CONQUER

sublime lofty, grand, or exalted in thought, expression, or manner

submerge to put under water

submissive submitting to others

subordinate placed in or occupying a lower class, rank, or position:INFERIOR

subpoena a writ commanding a person designated in it to appear in court under a penalty for failure

subside to tend downward:DESCEND; especially :to flatten out so as to form a depression

subsidiary furnishing aid or support:AUXILIARY

subsidy a grant by a government to a private person or company to assist an enterprise deemed advantageous to the public

substantial IMPORTANT, ESSENTIAL

substantiate verify; support

subterfuge deception by artifice or stratagem in order to conceal, escape, or evade

subtle difficult to understand or perceive:OBSCURE

subvert to overturn or overthrow from the foundation:RUIN

succinct marked by compact precise expression without wasted words

succor to go to the aid of:RELIEVE

suffuse to spread over or through in the manner of fluid or light:FLUSH, FILL

suite RETINUE; especially :the personal staff accompanying a ruler, diplomat, or dignitary on official business

sulk To be sullenly aloof or withdrawn, as in silent resentment or protest

sullen Gloomy or somber in tone, color, or portent

summary an abstract, abridgment, or compendium especially of a preceding discourse

summit TOP, APEX; especially :the highest point:PEAK

summon to command by service of a summons to appear in court

sumptuous extremely costly, rich, luxurious, or magnificent

sunder to break apart or in two:separate by or as if by violence or by intervening time or space

supercilious coolly and patronizingly haughty

superficial of or relating to a surface

superfluous exceeding what is sufficient or necessary:EXTRA

supine exhibiting indolent or apathetic inertia or passivity; especially :mentally or morally slack

supple easy and fluent without stiffness or awkwardness

supplement something that completes or makes an addition

supplicate to make a humble entreaty; especially :to pray to God

suppress to put down by authority or force:SUBDUE

surfeit an overabundant supply:EXCESS

surgeon a medical specialist who practices surgery

surrender to yield to the power, control, or possession of another upon compulsion or demand

surreptitious done, made, or acquired by stealth:CLANDESTINE

surrogate to put in the place of another:to appoint as successor, deputy, or substitute for oneself

suspend to cause to stop temporarily

suspicion a state of mental uneasiness and uncertainty:DOUBT

suture to unite, close, or secure with sutures

svelte SLENDER, LITHE

swagger to conduct oneself in an arrogant or superciliously pompous manner; especially :to walk with an air of overbearing

swamp a wetland often partially or intermittently covered with water; especially :one dominated by woody vegetation

sway to fluctuate or veer between one point, position, or opinion and another

swear to use profane or obscene language:CURSE

sweltering oppressively hot

swerve to turn aside abruptly from a straight line or course:DEVIATE

swill to drink great drafts of:GUZZLE

swindle to obtain money or property by fraud or deceit

something that swings freely from or on a support; especially :a seat suspended by a rope or chains for swinging to
swing
and fro on for pleasure

sybarite VOLUPTUARY, SENSUALIST

sycophant a servile self-seeking flatterer

syllabus Outline of a subject, course, lecture, or treatise.

syllogism a deductive scheme of a formal argument consisting of a major and a minor premise and a conclusion

symbioses An organism in a symbiotic relationship

sympathetic given to, marked by, or arising from sympathy, compassion, friendliness, and sensitivity to others' emotions

symphony a symphony orchestra concert

synergic working together:COOPERATING

synopsis a condensed statement or outline (as of a narrative or treatise):ABSTRACT

synthesis the composition or combination of parts or elements so as to form a whole

tacit expressed or carried on without words or speech

taciturn temperamentally disinclined to talk

tackle an assemblage of ropes and pulleys arranged to gain mechanical advantage for hoisting and pulling

tactile perceptible by touch:TANGIBLE

tactless marked by lack of a keen sense of what to do or say in order to maintain good relations with others or avoid offense

tag a cardboard, plastic, or metal marker used for identification or classification

taint to contaminate morally:CORRUPT

talisman charm

tame lacking spirit, zest, interest, or the capacity to excite:INSIPID

tamper to interfere so as to weaken or change for the worse

tangent diverging from an original purpose of course:IRRELEVANT

tangible capable of being perceived especially by the sense of touch:PALPABLE

tangy having or suggestive of a tang

tantalize to tease or torment by or as if by presenting something desirable to the view but continually keeping it out of reach

tantamount equivalent in value, significance, or effect

tantrum a fit of bad temper

taper progressively narrowed toward one end

a heavy handwoven reversible textile used for hangings, curtains, and upholstery and characterized by complicated
tapestry
pictorial designs
tardy delayed beyond the expected or proper time:late

tarnish something that tarnishes; especially a film of chemically altered material on the surface of a metal (as silver)

tarpaulin a piece of material (as durable plastic) used for protecting exposed objects or areas

tasty strikingly attractive or interesting

tatty rather worn, frayed, or dilapidated:SHABBY

taunt to reproach or challenge in a mocking or insulting manner:jeer at

taut having no give or slack:tightly drawn

tawdry cheap and gaudy in appearance or quality; also :IGNOBLE

taxing onerous, wearing

teal small wild duck living near rivers or lakes

tear to move or act with violence, haste, or force

tease to tantalize especially by arousing desire or curiosity without intending to satisfy it

tedious tiresome because of length or dullness:boring

teeter to move unsteadily:wobble

telling carrying great weight and producing a marked effect:effective, expressive

temerity unreasonable or foolhardy contempt of danger or opposition:rashness, recklessness

temperate marked by moderation

tempestuou
of, relating to, or resembling a tempest
s

temporize avoid committing oneself; gain time

tenable capable of being held, maintained, or defended:defensible, reasonable

tenacious persistent in maintaining or adhering to something valued or habitual

tendentious marked by a tendency in favor of a particular point of view:biased

tender offer; extend

tendinous consisting of tendons:sinewy

tepid moderately warm, lukewarm

terminus either end of a transportation line or travel route; also :the station, town, or city at such a place:terminal

terror a state of intense fear

testator a person who dies leaving a will or testament in force

a solemn declaration usually made orally by a witness under oath in response to interrogation by a lawyer or authorized
testimony
public official

testy easily annoyed:irritable

tether to fasten or restrain by

theatrical marked by pretense or artificiality of emotion

theology the study of religious faith, practice, and experience; especially : the study of God and of God's relation to the world
therapeutic of or relating to the treatment of disease or disorders by remedial agents or methods

thorny full of difficulties or controversial points:ticklish

threadbare exhausted of interest or freshness

thrive to grow vigorously:flourish

throng to crowd together in great numbers

thwart to oppose successfully:defeat the hopes or aspirations of

ticklish touchy, oversensitive

tidy neat and orderly in appearance or habits:well ordered and cared for

tiff a petty quarrel

tightfisted reluctant to part with money

tile slab of baked clay or other material used in rows for covering roofs, walls, floors, etc

timeworn hackneyed, stale

timid lacking in courage or self-confidence

timorous of a timid disposition:fearful

tinge to color with a slight shade or stain:tint

tinker to repair, adjust, or work with something in an unskilled or experimental manner:fiddle

tint a variation of a color produced by adding white to it and characterized by a low saturation with relatively high lightness

tirade a protracted speech usually marked by intemperate, vituperative, or harshly censorious language

toady one who flatters in the hope of gaining favors:SYCOPHANT

tolerance sympathy or indulgence for beliefs or practices differing from or conflicting with one's own

tong a secret society or fraternal organization especially of Chinese in the U.S. formerly notorious for gang warfare

tonic increasing or restoring physical or mental tone:refreshing

tonsorial of or relating to a barber or the work of a barber

topsy-turvy being in utter confusion or disorder

torpid sluggish in functioning or acting

torpor a state of mental and motor inactivity with partial or total insensibility:extreme sluggishness or stagnation of function

torrential caused by or resulting from action of rapid streams

torrid giving off intense heat:scorching

tortuous marked by repeated twists, bends, or turns:winding

tourniquet a device (as a bandage twisted tight with a stick) to check bleeding or blood flow

tractable capable of being easily led, taught, or controlled:docile

trait a distinguishing quality (as of personal character): peculiarity

transcend to rise above or go beyond the limits of , to triumph over the negative or restrictive aspects of:overcome

transfigure to give a new and typically exalted or spiritual appearance to:transform outwardly and usually for the better
transgress to go beyond limits set or prescribed by:violate

transient passing especially quickly into and out of existence: transitory

transitory tending to pass away:not persistent

translucent permitting the passage of light:clear, transparent

transparent easily detected or seen through:obvious

travail painful labor

traverse to go or travel across or over

travesty a debased, distorted, or grossly inferior imitation

treacherous characterized by or manifesting treachery:perfidious

treasurer an officer entrusted with the receipt, care, and disbursement of funds

treaty an agreement or arrangement made by negotiation

tremendous notable by reason of extreme size, power, greatness, orexcellence

tremulous such as is or might be caused by nervousness or shakiness

trenchant vigorously effective and articulate

trepidation timorous uncertain agitation: apprehension

trespass to enter unlawfully upon the land of another

a payment by one ruler or nation to another in acknowledgment of submission or as the price of protection; also :the tax
tribute
levied for such a payment

trickle to issue or fall in drops

trite hackneyed or boring from much use:not fresh or original

triumph a victory or conquest by or as if by military force

trivial of little worth or importance

trophy something gained or given in victory or conquest especially when preserved or mounted as a memorial

troupe a company or group, especially of touring actors, singers, or dancers

truant Idle, lazy, or neglectful. one who shirks duty; especially :one who stays out of school without permission

truculent feeling or displaying ferocity:cruel, savage

trudge to walk or march steadily and usually laboriously

truncate to shorten by or as if by cutting off

truss A rigid framework, as of wooden beams or metal bars, designed to support a structure, such as a roof.

tumult disorderly agitation or milling about of a crowd usually with uproar and confusion of voices:commotion

turbid deficient in clarity or purity:foul, muddy

turbulent causing unrest, violence, or disturbance

turgid excessively embellished in style or language:bombastic, pompous

turmoil a state or condition of extreme confusion, agitation, or commotion

turncoat one who switches to an opposing side or party; specifically :traitor

turret a little tower; specifically :an ornamental structure at an angle of a larger structure

tutor a person charged with the instruction and guidance of another

typo an error (as of spelling) in typed or typeset material

ugly offensive to the sight:HIDEOUS

unavailing not availing:FUTILE, USELESS

uncanny seeming to have a supernatural character or origin:EERIE, MYSTERIOUS

uncouth awkward and uncultivated in appearance, manner, or behavior

unctuous smooth and greasy in texture or appearance

underdog a loser or predicted loser in a struggle or contest

undermine to weaken or ruin by degrees

underscore line drawn under a word or line especially for emphasis or to indicate intent to italicize

unexceptionable not open to objection or criticism:beyond reproach: UNIMPEACHABLE

unexceptional not out of the ordinary:COMMONPLACE

unflappable marked by assurance and self-control

ungainly lacking in smoothness or dexterity:CLUMSY

unimpeachable not impeachable:not to be called in question:not liable to accusation:IRREPROACHABLE, BLAMELESS

unkempt deficient in order or neatness

unlettered lacking facility in reading and writing and ignorant of the knowledge to be gained from books

unpalatable not palatable

unpretentious free from ostentation, elegance, or affectation:MODEST

unrequited not requited:not reciprocated or returned in kind

unruly not readily ruled, disciplined, or managed presumptuous : unruly

untenable not able to be defended

untold too great or numerous to count:INCALCULABLE, VAST

untoward not favorable:ADVERSE, UNPROPITIOUS

untutored untaught or untrained

unwitting not knowing:UNAWARE

unwonted not accustomed by experience

upbraid to reproach severely:scold vehemently

uphold to support against an opponent

uproar a state of commotion, excitement, or violent disturbance

upset to trouble mentally or emotionally:disturb the poise of

urbane notably polite or finished in manner:POLISHED

urge to present, advocate, or demand earnestly or pressingly

usurp to take the place of by or as if by force:SUPPLANT

utter to give public expression to:express in words

vaccinate to inoculate (a person) with cowpox virus in order to produce immunity to smallpox

vacillate to sway through lack of equilibrium:FLUCTUATE, OSCILLATE

vacuous marked by lack of ideas or intelligence:STUPID, INANE

vagary an erratic, unpredictable, or extravagant manifestation, action, or notion

vagrant one who has no established residence and wanders idly from place to place without lawful or visible means of support

vague not thinking or expressing one's thoughts clearly or precisely

valediction an act of bidding farewell

valiant possessing or acting with bravery or boldness:COURAGEOUS

valid logically correct

vanquish to defeat in a conflict or contest

vapid lacking liveliness, tang, briskness, or force:FLAT, DULL

vaporize to convert (as by the application of heat or by spraying) into vapor

variance the fact, quality, or state of being variable or variant: DIFFERENCE, VARIATION

varnish to apply varnish to

vault a room or compartment for the safekeeping of valuables

vaunt to make a vain display of one's own worth or attainments:BRAG

veer to change direction or course

vehement marked by forceful energy:POWERFUL

capable of being bought or obtained for money or other valuable consideration:PURCHASABLE; especially :open to
venal
corrupt influence and especially bribery:MERCENARY

vendor one that sell especially as a hawker or peddler

veneer a layer of wood of superior value or excellent grain to be glued to an inferior wood

venerate to regard with reverential respect or with admiring deference

vengeful serving to gain vengeance

of a kind that can be remitted:FORGIVABLE, PARDONABLE; also :meriting no particular censure or

venial
notice:EXCUSABLE

poisonous matter normally secreted by some animals (as snakes, scorpions, or bees) and transmitted to prey or an
venom
enemy chiefly by biting or stinging

ventilate to examine, discuss, or investigate freely and openly:EXPOSE

veracious TRUTHFUL, HONEST

verbatim being in or following the exact words:WORD-FOR-WORD

verbose containing more words than necessary:WORDY

verdant green with growing plants

verdict the finding or decision of a jury on the matter submitted to it in trial

verify to establish the truth, accuracy, or reality of

vernacular The standard native language of a country or locality

versatile having many uses or applications

versed acquainted through study or experience; knowledgeable or skilled

vertigo a disordered state in which the individual or the individual's surroundings seem to whirl dizzily

verve the spirit and enthusiasm animating artistic composition or performance:VIVACITY

vessel a tube or canal (as an artery) in which a body fluid is contained and conveyed or circulated

a bodily part or organ that is small and degenerate or imperfectly developed in comparison to one more fully developed
vestigial
in an earlier stage of the individual, in a past generation, or in closely related forms

veteran an old soldier of long service

veto an authoritative prohibition:INTERDICTION

vex to bring trouble, distress, or agitation to

viable capable of living; especially :capable of surviving outside the mother's womb without artificial support

vibrant oscillating or pulsating rapidly

performed or suffered by one person as a substitute for another or to the benefit or advantage of
vicarious
another:SUBSTITUTIONARY

vicious having the nature or quality of vice or immorality:DEPRAVED

vicissitude change (esp. from good to bad); change of fortune

victimize to subject to deception or fraud:CHEAT

vigilant alertly watchful especially to avoid danger

vignette a brief incident or scene (as in a play or movie)

vigor active bodily or mental strength or force

vilify to utter slanderous and abusive statements against:DEFAME

vim robust energy and enthusiasm

vindicate to free from allegation or blame

vindictive disposed to seek revenge:VENGEFUL

violate to do harm to the person or especially the chastity of; specifically :RAPE

virility the quality or state of being virile:a:MANHOOD b:manly vigor:MASCULINITY

virtuoso an experimenter or investigator especially in the arts and sciences:SAVANT

virtuous morally excellent:RIGHTEOUS

virulent marked by a rapid, severe, and malignant course

viscous having a glutinous consistency:VISCID

visionary incapable of being realized or achieved:UTOPIAN

vista a distant view through or along an avenue or opening:PROSPECT

vitality capacity to live and develop; also :physical or mental vigor especially when highly developed

vitiate to make faulty or defective:IMPAIR

vitrify to convert into glass or a glassy substance by heat and fusion

vitriolic bitterly scathing; caustic

vituperativ
uttering or given to censure:containing or characterized by verbal abuse
e

vivacious lively in temper, conduct, or spirit:SPRIGHTLY

vivid having the appearance of vigorous life or freshness:LIVELY

vociferous marked by or given to vehement insistent outcry

vogue popular acceptation or favor:POPULARITY

volatile characterized by or subject to rapid or unexpected change

volition an act of making a choice or decision; also :a choice or decision made

voluble characterized by ready or rapid speech:GLIB, FLUENT

voluminous having or marked by great volume or bulk:LARGE also :FULL

voluptuous given to or spent in enjoyments of luxury, pleasure, or sensual gratifications

vomit an act or instance of disgorging the contents of the stomach through the mouth; also :the disgorged matter

voracious excessively eager:INSATIABLE

votary a devout or zealous worshiper

vouch to summon into court to warrant or defend a title

vulgar lacking in cultivation, perception, or taste:COARSE

waffle to talk or write foolishly:BLATHER

wag WIT, JOKER

wan suggestive of poor health:SICKLY, PALLID

wane to fall gradually from power, prosperity, or influence

want grave and extreme poverty that deprives one of the necessities of life

wanton playfully mean or cruel:MISCHIEVOUS

wardrobe a room or closet where clothes are kept:CLOTHESPRESS

warmonge
one who urges or attempts to stir up war:JINGO
r
warp to turn or twist out of or as if out of shape; especially :to twist or bend out of a plane

warrant to guarantee to a person good title to and undisturbed possession of (as an estate)

wary marked by keen caution, cunning, and watchful prudence especially in detecting and escaping danger

wastrel one who dissipates resources foolishly and self-indulgently:PROFLIGATE

waterproof impervious to water; especially :covered or treated with a material

watershed a crucial dividing point, line, or factor:TURNING POINT

1. to treat or rub with wax usually for polishing or stiffening 2. to increase in phase or intensity ,used chiefly of the
wax
moon, other satellites, and inferior planets

waylay to lie in wait for or attack from ambush

to unite (metallic parts) by heating and allowing the metals to flow together or by hammering or compressing with or
weld
without previous heating

welter to be in turmoil

wheedle to influence or entice by soft words or flattery

whet to make keen or more acute:EXCITE, STIMULATE

whiff a quick puff or slight gust especially of air, odor, gas, smoke, or spray

whimsical resulting from or characterized by whim or caprice; especially :lightly fanciful

wholesome promoting health or well-being of mind or spirit

wicked morally very bad:EVIL

wily full of wiles:CRAFTY

wince to shrink back involuntarily (as from pain):FLINCH

windbag an exhaustively talkative person

windy VERBOSE, BOMBASTIC

winnow to remove (as chaff) by a current of air

winsome generally pleasing and engaging often because of a childlike charm and innocence

wit mental capability and resourcefulness:INGENUITY

one that is credited with usually malignant supernatural powers; especially :a woman practicing usually black witchcraft
witch
often with the aid of a devil or familiar:SORCERESS

withdraw to remove (money) from a place of deposit;to become socially or emotionally detached

wither to become dry and sapless; especially :to shrivel from or as if from loss of bodily moisture

withhold to refrain from granting, giving, or allowing

wizen to become dry, shrunken, and wrinkled often as a result of aging or of failing vitality

to move or proceed with an irregular rocking or staggering motion or unsteadily and clumsily from side to side
wobble
TREMBLE, QUAVER

woo to sue for the affection of and usually marriage with:COURT

wordsmith a person who works with words; especially :a skillful writer

worldly of, relating to, or devoted to this world and its pursuits rather than to religion or spiritual affairs
worship extravagant respect or admiration for or devotion to an object of esteem

wrangler a ranch hand who takes care of the saddle horses; broadly :COWBOY

wretched (adj.) miserable or unhappy; causing distress

a formal written document; specifically :a legal instrument in epistolary form issued under seal in the name of the
writ
English monarch

wry cleverly and often ironically or grimly humorous also having a bent or twisted shape or condition

yawn to open the mouth wide usually as an involuntary reaction to fatigue or boredom

yield to surrender or relinquish to the physical control of another:hand over possession of

yoke to join as if by a yoke

zeal eagerness and ardent interest in pursuit of something:FERVOR

zest keen enjoyment:RELISH, GUSTO

zigza one of a series of short sharp turns, angles, or alterations in a course; also :something having the form or character of such a
g series

to arrange in or mark off into zones; specifically :to partition (a city, borough, or township) by ordinance into sections
zone
reserved for different purposes (as residence or business