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a) Input level: Skills, procedures, techniques that all organization use to handle
relationship with outside world comprise of technology at input level.
Next we discuss the three major theories which connect the type of technology
used in an organization to the optimal organizational design and structure
suitable to that type of technology.
• Tasks are programmable and hence the work is controllable and provides
for the organization to save production costs.
Based on task variability and task analyzability, technology can be divided into
four different categories each with a specific organization structure:-
a) Routine Manufacturing: It has low task variability and high task analyzability.
Examples: Mass production. Mass production is representative of routine
technology. In mass production settings, tasks are broken down into simpler
steps and there are standard procedures to follow in case of exception
b) Craftwork: It has low task variability and low task analyzability. Here the
procedure is not standardized and there are no standard procedures in case of
exceptions
c) Engineering production: It has high task variability and high task analyzability.
Here number of exception that worker may find is high but solution is easy.
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad
d) Non-routine research: It has high task variability and low task analyzability.
Examples- research, teaching in class etc.
a) Mediating technology
As tasks become more and more interdependent, they become lesser and lesser
routine and less programmable.
Companies can reduce costs and production time with the help of following
technologies
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad
• Can bring benefits of small batch & customized manufacturing to the large
batch manufacturing organizations