Infrastructur

e
Developmen
t
 Infrastructure refers to
basic services, which are
required to undertake
economic and social
activities. Infrastructure
services, which are also
referred as economic and
social overheads
It Includes
• Energy – coal, electricity, oil and non – conventional
sources.
• Transport – railway, roadways, shipping and civil aviation.
• Communications – posts and telegraphs, and
telecommunications.
• Science and Technology.
• Irrigation and water supply.
• Banking, finance and insurance.
• Social overheads – health and sanitation, and education.
 Role and Importance
• Facilities Functioning of Economy
• Promotes Industrial Development
• Generates Employment
• Encourages Investment
• Regional Development
• Rural Development
• Social Development
• Reduces Poverty
 Problems
• Shortage
• Inefficient Use
• Heavy Losses
• Inefficient Management
• Low Labour Efficiency
• Outdated Technology
• High Overheads
• Low Investments
• Finance
• Government Clearance
Electricity and
Power
Generation
 Power

Hydro
Thermal Nuclear
electric
 Problems faced by Power sector
• Shortages
• Poor Financial health
• Transmission & distribution Losses
• Inadequate Capacity Utilization
• Problems of Hydro Power Problem of Power
Subsidies
• Administative Inefficiencies
• Non – repayment of Dues by SEBs
 Government measures
• Steps taken to increase power
generation
• High priority to exploit
hydropower
• Mission 2012 – Power for All
• Planed scheme namely APDP
• Setup of expert group
• MOU with state governments
• Measures for conservation of
energy
 Telecommunications

A well spread out

telecommunications network
provides a great boost to the
economic growth in a country.
Government has taken steps to
integrate with global economy.
 Developments in
Telecommunication
• India is one of the biggest markets
• In 2000 – 01 7.8 million connections provided.
• Improvement in private sector participation
• BSNL and MTNL is one of the largest in Asia.
• Considerable rise in cellular subscribers.
• 9,34,726 PCOs all over India
• Reduced rates of STD and ISD
 Transport Sector

The transport is an important

infrastructure sector. It helps in
speedy economic development
through movement of goods,
manpower, information and capital.
 Transport Sector

Railways

Water Transport Roadways

transport

Civil Aviation
Railway Transport

Indian railway began its operation in

April 1853, when first train was set
off from Mumbai to Thane. Indian
railways have grown to be the largest
in Asia and second in World. The
Indian Railways have played an
integrated role in the social and
economic development of the
country.
 Problems
• Continuous decline in transport market
• Administrative cost increasing rapidly
• High maintenance and overheads cost
• Ticket – less travelling
• Inefficiency and corruption
• Need to expand railways
• Safety
 Measures
• Improve manpower
• Attract private participation
• Improve safety
• More powers to zonal managers
• IRCTC Ltd. Estimated at Rs. 500 crore
 Roadways

India has more than 3 million km of

road network, making it one of the
largest in the world. However, the
quality of road is poor and cannot
meet the needs of efficient and fast
moving transportation.
Classification of roads
• National highway
• State highways
• District roads
• Rural roads
 Importance
• Door – to – door service
• Flexibility
• Economical
• Less expenditure
• Feeder services
• Connects remote areas
Problems
• 50% villages are not connected
• Poor condition
• Pollution
• Losses
• Pressure on highways
 Waterways

Water
Transport

Inland Shipping

Coastal Overseas
 Problems

• Inadequate capacity
• Infrastructure facilities
• Outdated ships
• High cost
• Inadequate equipments
• Labour efficiency
 Civil Aviation
The civil aviation sector
provides 3 categories of
services, i.e; operational,
infrastructure and regulatory –
cum – development.
 Measures
• Delhi, Mumbai, Chennai
and Kolkatta is under
construction for making
world – class airport
• Proposed to set up new
International airports in
Bangaluru, Hyderabad
and Goa.
• The Hyderabad
International Airport is
ready and it’s the world’s
second hi – tech airport
 Some
Infrastructure
developments
over past 10
Delhi Metro
The metro station of Delhi
The metro line of Delhi
Chennia’s flyover
For Tourist Attraction
Sky – bus which runs in Goa
Mumbai International Airport
The runway of New International
airport
The revmap of Delhi’s
International airport.
The revamp of Hyderabad
International airport
Air-India
building of
Mumbai
Golden Quadrilateral
 Rural
Electrification
Worli
Bandra
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