PV TRAINING – DESIGN, CONSTRUCTION, OPERATION ANDMAINTENANCE
Q&A SESSION 3
chokechai chongsiriratanakul 2:What happens if we installeddifferent type of panels to thesame inverter, consideringsame panel type in same stringwith same Voc among eachstring ? The losses due to dispersion of parameters,increase. It is not recommended that differenttypes of panel (crystalline, thin film, CIS, ….)share the same inverter. The suitable solutionis that every type of panel is connected to adifferent inverterCHANAN: how the stringmonitor can alarm a cut of cable during night? The String Controller is a new technology andthe manufacturers do not specify how theydetect the cable cut. For further information,a manufacturer of this kind of devices would
be Carlo Gavazzi.Bouaziz: Do you recommendmeasuring the I-V curve in thelife of the facility to monitorperformance degradation? Yes, it is recommended the measure of the I-V curve of the whole photovoltaic system (notevery panel). With this, we have results forthe annual degradation of the facility and wecan improve the diagnosis of breakdownsAitor Amezua: Regarding toinverter maintenance, is itcommon to that manufacturersoffer this service or is it donevia maintenance companies?Are there different practicesdepending on the size of the PVplant? Maybe depending on theinverter size?First, you need to verify whether themanufacturer has service of assistance inyour country. If this service is not available,you need to trust companies of maintenanceor to make it yourself supported by own staff and in addition you need to have spare partsin the plant. You should assess the possibilityof having many small inverters, thus, with aminimum own staff, you can do thesubstitution in case of breakdown and then,to send the equipment to be repaired by themanufacturer. The operation of replacementin case of inverters of 5-10 kW could last only10 minutes and you will not lose anyproduction.Ed Servello: How can I getinformation about a real plantin operation today?In the practice, it is not easy to have thisinformation because usually the operatorsreserve this information. The mosttrustworthy data are the ones given bylaboratories as CENER in Spain, beacuse theydo real measurements in plants. But it is noteasy that they give information reservedwithout the authorization of their clientsrobsiu77@yahoo.com: How cana cell be calibrated? When iscalibrated? To get a calibrated cell, contact themanufacturer. The calibrated cells must besent to the manufacturer or to the laboratoryin order that they issues a new certificate of
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calibration, once every 3 years (maximum)Martin Gieler: In case of largerfacilities: is there any need tohave staff onsite?If the plant has a large size, it is desirable tohave staff for maintenance and / or security.For facilities over 2 Mw you can consider atleast one person, who could solve simpleelectrical problems or substitute certainelements of the facility.Raj: can i use differentinverters and differentcombiner box forcommunication? Yes, usually the inverter manufacturers usestandard communication buses, such usRS485 or Ethernet, so they are usuallycompatible with different converter brands.By the other side, it is important to choose asoftware which is compatible with theinverters we are choosing, and it might bedifficult finding a commercial solution thatsupports several brands of inverters for agood price. Jonny Huck: In the equation forthe distance you should leavebetween panels (d=h/k), whatdid the parameter 'k' refer to?The length, d, measured on the horizontalplane, between 2 rows of modules, of heighth, that could produce shades on the facilitywill have to guarantee a minimum of 4 hoursof the Sun concerning the midday of thewinter solstice (summer in southernhemisphere). This d will be superior to thevalue obtained by the formula: d = h/tangent(61 °-latitude) where 1/tangent (61 °-latitude)is a coefficient dimensionless called k.frigitar: Are monitoring systemscontinuously manned bypersonnel or are therealgorithms that canautomatically detect if e.g.power loss is due to decreaseNormally the monitoring systems aredesigned to be automatic, so that they do notneed personnel to be operated. This is thereason why they usually need calibrated cellsand weather stations, in order to have areference. A good monitoring system should
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Questions and Answers - Photovoltaic Training Session 3
Q&A session of photovoltaic training http://www.leonardo-energy.org/node/5948
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