Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Phone Lin
Ph.D.
Email: plin@csie.ntu.edu.tw
2
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
The Interfaces
aUm (BSS<->MS)
aGb (BSS<->SGSN)
aGn (SGSN<->GGSN)
aGp (SGSN<->GGSN in Other GPRS Network)
aGs (SGSN<->MSC/VLR)
aGi (GGSN<->PDN)
4
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
PRACH
PPCH
PCCCH
PAGCH
PNCH
Logical PBCCH
Channels
PTCCH
PDTCH
PTCH
PACCH 6
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
8
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Logical Channels
10
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
aMaster-Slave
At least one PDCH, acting as a master, accommodates
packet common control channels that carry all the
necessary control signalling for initiating packet transfer
(i.e. PCCCH).
whenever that signalling is not carried by the existing
CCCH, as well as user data and dedicated signalling (i.e.
PDTCH and PACCH).
Other PDCHs, acting as slaves, are used for user data
transfer and for dedicated signalling.
11
aCapacity on Demand
The GPRS does not require permanently allocated PDCHs.
The Allocation of capacity for GPRS can be based on the
needs for actual packet transfers.
The operator can, as well, decide to dedicate permanently
or temporarily some physical resources (i.e. PDCHs) for the
GPRS traffic.
The existence of PDCH(s) does not imply the existence of
PCCCH.
When no PCCCH is allocated in a cell, all GPRS attached
MSs camp on the CCCH.
12
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
MS Network
Access and Assignment
PDTCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Data Block (last in send window)
PDTCH
Packet UplinkAck/Nack
PACCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Packet Uplink Assignment
PACCH
Packet Control Acknowledgement
PACCH
Data Block
PDTCH
Data Block (last)
PDTCH
Packet UplinkAck/Nack(final) PACCH 13
MS Network
1. Packet Channel Request (PRACH)
14
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
aOne-Phase Approach
The network assigns an uplink packet channel for a number
of radio blocks to be transferred.
The network informs the MS of this assignment throtugh
PAGCH.
One or more PDCHs can be assigned based on the
requested resources indicated in PRACH.
Alternatively, the MS may use RACH for a packet channel
request, which can be used to request limited resources or
Two-Phase Access.
15
16
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Um Protocol Layers
a RF Layer (RFL).
Performs modulation/demodulation received from or sent to the
PLL.
a Physical Link Layer (PLL).
Provides services for information transfer over a physical channel
(including data unit framing, data coding, and the detection and
correction of physical medium transmission errors).
a Radio Link Control/Medium Access Control (RLC/MAC).
Backward Error Correction Procedures (enabled by the selective
retransmission of erroneous blocks)
RLC is responsible for block segmentation and reassembly, buffering,
buffering,
and retransmission with backward error correction.
MAC is responsible for channel access (scheduling, queuing,
contention resolution), PDCH multiplexing, and Power Control.
17
a CS1.
User Data Rate: 9.05 Kbps; Correction Capability: Highest; Max
Cell Range: 450 m
a CS2.
User Data Rate: 13.4 Kbps; Max Cell Range: 390 m;
a CS3.
User Date Rate: 15.6 Kbps; Max Cell Range: 350 m;
a CS4.
User Date Rate: 21.4 Kbps; Max Cell Range: 290 m; Correction
Capability None.
18
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Gb Interface (BSS<->SGSN)
19
20
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
21
22
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
23
24
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
25
26
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
27
29
31
32
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
33
35
Application
IP / X.25 IP / X.25
Relay
SNDCP SNDCP GTP GTP
36
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
38
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
39
aCreating Tunnels.
aUpdating Tunnels.
aDeleting Tunnels.
40
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
41
42
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
43
44
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
45
46
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
47
Gs Interface (1/2)
48
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Gs Interface (2/2)
aPaging Procedure
aSuspend Procedure
aResume Procedure
aLocation Update Procedure
49
50
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
MS VLR SGSN
52
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
VLR SGSN
RESUME
RESUME_ACKNOWLEDGE
53
a Step 3. If the SGSN does not hear from the VLR within a
period T8-1, or if the VLR replies with a
GPRS_LOCATION_UPDATING_Reject message
The SGSN informs the MS that the location update failed.
If the update is successful, the VLR returns a
GPRS_LOCATION_UPDATING_Accept message to the SGSN.
54
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Gi Interface (1/3)
a GPRS interworks with the PSDN (Public Switched Data
Network) and PDN (Packet Data Network) through the
Gi interface.
a In the Gi interface, GGSN serves as the access point of
the GPRS network to the external data network.
a The interworking models to PSDN includes X.25 and
X.75.
An MS is assigned an X.121 address. This address dynamically or
permanently assigned.
Gi Interface (2/3)
56
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Gi Interface (3/3)
57
58
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
GPRS Procedures
aGPRS Attach/Detach
aPDP context manipulation
aRA/LA Update
59
60
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
61
62
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
GPRS Detach
63
66
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
67
68
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
69
70
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
1. PDP PDU
71
72
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
73
MS SGSN GGSN
2. Security Functions
3. Delete PDP Context Request
74
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
MS SGSN GGSN
75
76
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
77
78
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
80
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
81
82
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
83
85
(CDRs)
86
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
Fields in S-CDR
a MO data volume
a MT data volume
a Location Information
a SMS MO
a SMS MT
a Associated QoS
a Record Duration
87
Fields in GGSN
aDestination Address
aSource Address
aData Received
aData Sent
aAssociated QoS
aRecord Duration
88
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
90
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
91
MS Upgrate Upgrate
BTS Upgrate No Change
BSC Upgrate PCU Interface
TRAU No Change No Change
MSC/VLR Upgrate No Change
HLR Upgrate No Change
SGSN New New
GGSN New New
92
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
GPRS Implementation
a By using GSM infrastructure, most GPRS
implementation costs in existing GSM nodes are
software-related.
a In many vendor solutions, GPRS software can be
remotely downloaded to BTSs,
No site visits are needed.
94
National Taiwan University
Department of Computer Science
and Information Engineering
95
Applications in GPRS
96