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Shugendō (修験道?

) is an old Japanese religion in which enlightenment is


obtained through the study of the relationship between Man and Nature.
Shugendō literally means "the path of training and testing." It centers on an
ascetic, mountain-dwelling lifestyle and incorporates teachings from Koshintō
(ancient Shinto), Buddhism and other eastern philosophies including folk
animism. Shugendo practitioners are the most direct lineage descendants of the
ancient hijiri of the eight and ninth centuries.[1] The focus or goal of shugendō is
the development of spiritual experience and power.
En-no-Gyōja is often considered as having first organized shugendō as a
doctrine.

Hijiri (Japanese: “holy man”), in Japanese religion, a man of great personal


magnetism and spiritual power, as distinct from a leader of an institutionalized
religion. Historically, hijiri has been used to refer to sages of various traditions,
such as the shaman, Shinto mountain ascetic, Taoist magician, or Buddhist reciter.
Most characteristically hijiri describes the wandering…

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