TABLE OF CONTENTS

ORGANIZED CRIME (Latino Gangs) OVERVIEW 3

Drug Cartels and Drug Trafficking Organizations 3

PRISON GANGS 7
Mexican Mafia (La EME) 7
La EME Oath and MO 8
Nuestra Familia 9
Nuestra Familia Oath and Structure 10
Texas Syndicate 11
Texas Syndicate Growth and Development 12
Street and Prison Operations 12
Mexikanemi 13
Mexikanemi MO, Structure, and Schooling 13
Street and Prison Wars 14
Border Brothers and Paisas 14

STREET GANGS 16
Surenos 16
18th Street Gang 17
Mara Salvatrucha 18
Nortenos-Nuestra Raza-Northern Structure 19
Fresno Bulldogs 19
Netas 20
Almighty Latin King Nation – Motherland 22
Connecticut Latin king Charter 23
ALKQN New York 24
Florida Latin Kings 24
Maniac Latin Disciples / Spanish Ganster Disciple Nation 24

REGIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENTS 27

NORTHEAST 27
Washington 27
Idaho 28
Montana 28
Oregon 29
Utah 29
Wyoming 29

SOUTHWEST 30
California 30
Nevada 34
Colorado 34
Arizona 35
New Mexico 36
Texas 37
MID WEST 40
Illinois 40
Wisconsin 41
Indiana 43

EAST COAST 44
Rhode Island 44
Massachusetts 44
New York 45
New Jersey 45
Pennsylvania 48
Maryland/DC/Virginia 49

SOUTHEAST
Tennessee 51
North Carolina 52
Georgia 52
Florida 53

CANADA 54

LATIN AMERICA
Mexico 55
Central America 56
Puerto Rico 56

GENERAL TRENDS
57
INDEX 59

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS 77

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 ORGANIZED CRIME OVERVIEW
The Drug Cartels and Drug Trafficking Organizations

In order to understand the current state and power of the outlaw Drug Cartels, one must
look back at a time when many drugs were legal in the United States. The euphoric effects
of coca leaves have been known for thousands of years. Coca was grown in South America
and later became a money source for the Columbians and other Drug Cartels. The first
epidemic of cocaine use in America occurred during the late 19th century. Initially, there
were no laws restricting the consumption or sale of cocaine. It became a key ingredient in
“Coca-Cola.” In fact, cocaine was freely available in drug stores, saloons, from mail-order
vendors, and even in grocery stores. It is reported that one drug manufacturer, in 1885, was
selling cocaine in 15 different forms, including cigarettes, cheroots, inhalants, cordials,
crystals, and solutions. In 1914, the U.S. Congress passed the “Harrison Act”, which tightly
regulated the distribution and sale of cocaine. Although made illegal, there still was a “black
market” for cocaine users. Powdered Cocaine was popular in the 1970s and Crack Cocaine
in the 1980s, much of it sold by street gangs.

Morphine was used to kill pain during the American Civil War and many soldiers on both
sides soon became addicted to the drug. Beginning in the late 1800s opium was fairly
popular. There were opium dens scattered throughout the “Wild West.” It arrived via
Chinese immigrants who came to work on the railroads. Cowboys like “Wild Bill” Hickock
and Kit Carson are said to have used the drug. Instead of walking up to a bar to drink
whiskey, a cowhand was more likely in a prone position of a candlelit dim room smoking
opium. It was not uncommon for Cowboys to spend days and nights at a den, often in the
company of a prostitute, eventually becoming physically addicted to the drug. The semi-
synthetic drug Heroin was invented by the same makers of Bayer Aspirin and marketed as
so-called “safe substitute” for Morphine in 1884. In 1914, the Harrison Act outlawed Heroin
use in the United States but the drug trafficking organizations, including those in Mexico and
South America, continued moving the drug into the United States. Usually, this was in the
form of “Black Tar Heroin” as opposed to Asian “China White”.

A German chemist first synthesized the drug Amphetamine, in 1887. By 1919,

Methamphetamine, which was more potent and easier to make, was discovered in Japan.
During World War II both the German Nazis and American forces distributed Amphetamine
to soldiers to help them keep them awake and fighting. Amphetamine became illegal in the
U.S. with the passage of the “U.S. Drug Abuse Regulation and Control Act of 1970”.
However, many people in the 1970s continued to use “Speed”. Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs
were known to distribute Methamphetamine in the 1970s and 1980s. When crackdowns on
many precursor ingredients for ephedrine and pseudo-ephedrine began by law enforcement
in the 1990s, many of the Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations stepped in to supply
“super-labs”.

Marijuana, or Cannabis, is one of the oldest psychoactive plants known. The first recorded
use of cannabis as a medicinal drug was in Chinese culture in 2727 B.C. It was later grown
in Latin America and when it started to be outlawed by some states in 1915, drug trafficking
organizations filled the void. By 1937, strong public reaction coupled with a campaign in the

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public press and the movie “Reefer Madness” led to a federal anti-marijuana law.
American’s drug appetite did not always end with this law. Today, marijuana is considered
the most widely-used illegal drug in the United States.

Canada has very strict laws governing the transport and possession of firearms. Visitors,
including law enforcement officers, bringing firearms into the country must declare them
in writing to a Customs Officer, and all firearms must be registered. United States citizens
may bring “sporting” rifles and shotguns into Canada after first obtaining a Non-Resident
Firearms Declaration Form and getting it approved. Some criminals in Canada do not want
to go through the hassle of these laws and will introduce firearms illegally. Some organized
crime groups trade B.C. Bud for firearms, or Cocaine for B.C. Bud, etc.

Firearms in Mexico are severely restricted. Mexico allows two sporting rifles or shotguns
of an acceptable caliber and 50 rounds for each for hunting, but a tourist permit must be
obtained from a local Mexican Consulate. Mexican immigration officials place a firearms
stamp on this permit at the point of entry. Since guns are so tightly controlled, Mexican
Organized Crime Groups and Drug Cartels often seek out firearms from private U.S.
dealers. These firearms are often used in drug related crimes, to assassinate rivals or kill
police officials who do not take “la mordida” (bribes) from the Cartels.

Mexican Drug Lords began appearing as soon as drugs in the U.S. were first outlawed. To
them it was a matter of supply and demand and a good way to make a living. The life and
death of Jesus Malverde has not been historically verified, but according to local legend in
Culiacan, Sinaloa, Mexico, he was a “Robin Hood” type of bandit who was hanged by the
authorities in 1909. This was just prior to the Mexican Revolution of 1910-1925. Since
Malverde's “death”, he has been considered a hero to many of Sinaloa's poor highland
residents. Many of them have earned a living through drug trafficking. The outlaw image has
caused Malverde to be adopted as the patron saint of the region's drug trafficking business,
and he was dubbed a “Narco-Santo”. Malverde even has a shrine in Culiacan, Mexico, that
attracts thousands of people each year. The Catholic Church does not recognize him as a
saint but many of the people do. It is from legends and real life drug traffickers like Malverde
that the Mexican Drug Lords have tried to portray
themselves not as villains but as heroes today.

In the early 1980s, Miguel Angel Felix-Gallardo, along with Ernesto Fonesca-Carrillo
and Rafael Caro-Quintero, ran the Mexican Federation (also known as the Golden
Triangle). They were arrested in 1989 and split their empire after the torture and death of
DEA Agent Enrique Camarena. In December 2001, Rafael’s brother Miguel Caro-
Quintero, who ran the Sonora Cartel, was arrested. Amado Carillo Fuentes, also known
as “Lord of the Skies” was the leader of the Juarez Cartel, but died in 1997 during a plastic
surgery operation in a fatal attempt to elude law enforcement and capture. The Arellano-
Felix brothers organization (AFO) maintained control of Tijuana, Mexico, and Joaquin
“Chapo” Guzman-Loera maintained control most of Sinaloa, Mexico. The Sinaloan Cartel
is still run by “Chapo” Guzman-Loera, Ismael “Mayo” Zambada, and Hector “Guero”
Palma-Salazar, all of whom are greatly feared by other cartels. “Guero” was arrested in
June 1995 in Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico, at the home of a police commander. Over 30

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federal police officers were arrested for providing him protection. He was sentenced to
almost twenty years but has beaten other cases. “Chapo” was arrested but escaped from a
Mexican prison, with inside help; he is still on the run as of 2006. The Drug Enforcement
Administration lists “El Mayo” as Drug Lord #1. (1 DEA) The Arellano-Felix Organization
(AFO) Cartel, also known as the Tijuana Cartel, was headed by brothers Benjamin,
Ramon, Eduardo, Francisco, and Javier who helped run operations that they inherited
from their Uncle Miguel Angel Gallardo-Felix in 1989. Benjamin was known as the brains
of the AFO and Ramon as the muscle. They dominated drug delivery routes to California
and spent approximately one million dollars per week in bribes to police and government!
The AFO supplies approximately 50-100 tons of cocaine to the United States per year and
they were responsible for well over 500 murders in Mexico and in the States to retain
control; severe torture was their trademark! (2 CA-DOJ-SD)

At times, the drug cartels will contract work out to street gangs. In May, 1993, a Tijuana
Cartel hired hit squad drove around Guadalajara in search for rival drug lord “El Chapo”
Guzman. Totally frustrated in their efforts, they left the area and were headed back to
Tijuana by plane, when they spotted what they mistakenly thought was their target at the
airport. A wild shoot-out ensued and seven people were killed, including Roman Catholic
Cardinal Juan Jesus Posadas-Ocampo. The hit men were “30th Street Gang” members
from San Diego. The drug cartels also use CA Mexican Mafia members from the U.S. as
enforcers. Another hired gunman from San Diego Logan Heights Gang, David “Popeye-
C.H.” Barron-Corona had a dozen skulls, all believed to be hits, and the letter “M” for
Mexican Mafia tattooed on his body. He was killed in 1997 by ricocheting bullets after an
attempt to assassinate Tijuana news editor Jesus Blancornelas who was critical of the
Arellanos. (3 Alarma, Zeta)

In 1994, Tijuana drug lord Javier Arellano-Felix was being transported by Federal State
Police when other officers on the Tijuana Cartel payroll fired at them. There were casualties
on both sides. Javier’s bodyguards quickly rushed him to safety. His brother Francisco
was already in prison running family operations from the inside of a Mexican prison. Ramon
was on the run and on the FBI’s “10 Most Wanted” list until his death in early 2002 in
Mazatlan, Mexico, while gunning for rival Sinaloan drug lord Joaquin “Chapo” Guzman-
Loera. Benjamin was captured shortly afterwards in Puebla, Mexico. An altar had been set
up for his brother Ramon, leading credence to Ramon’s actual demise amidst rumors that
he had faked his death. (4 Alarma, Zeta)

The cartels have even corrupted a few American law enforcement workers and have been
very accomplished at corrupting Mexican government officials. They have a saying, “Plata o
Bala” (silver/money or lead/bullets). There have been dozens of murders of law
enforcement officials by the cartels and they have increased their violence over the last few
years. Tijuana Police Chief Jose Fredrico Benitez was killed after he promised to make
reforms. The body of Jorge Garcia Vargas, a Commander of the National Anti-Narcotics
Institute, was found along with three of his bodyguards in September 1996. On January 3,
1997, Hodin Gutierrez, a young prosecutor who had investigated the Benitez killing, was
shot 120 times by four men carrying AK-47s. On February 27, 2000, there was a cartel
ambush killing of Tijuana Police Chief Alfredo de la Torre. On March 15, 2000, there was a

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murder in Mexico City of a lawyer for Jesus Labra Avila. Labra was the reputed financial
wizard for the Arellano-Felix Cartel. In July 2003, eleven upper echelon members of the
AFO were indicted by a Federal grand jury for multiple crimes under the (RICO) Racketeer
Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act. (5 US-DOJ)

Marcos “Pato” Quinones was arrested in Mexico in April, 2003. He was a Logan Heights
Treinta gang member from San Diego who rose through the ranks and became trusted by
the AFO. He also just happened to be the brother-in-law of deceased EME member David
Barron-Corona. In November, 2003, Mexican Mafia member and assassin, Jose
Alberto “Bat’ Marquez was arrested in Mexico. Many of the AFO leaders were killed or
arrested; they are down, but not out! In 2006, Benjamin Felix-Arellano still calls shots from
behind bars. There are AFO replacements and they’ve made alliances to survive. They
continue to intimidate government officials thought the use of threats, bribery, and murder.

The Gulf Cartel was headed up by Juan Garcia-Abrego, currently doing a life sentence in
the U.S. and housed at the ADX (#09935-000). The Gulf Cartel was based out of
Tamaulipas, Mexico. They are currently allied with the AFO of Tijuana, MX. After Abrego
was incarcerated, Angel “Chava” Gomez took over. Shortly after, Osiel Cardenas-Guillen
took over the cartel. He was arrested in March, 2003, by the Mexican government and
locked up but he still has a hand in operations from behind prison walls. Another key Gulf
Cartel enforcer is Humberto Lazcano Lazcano who is considered an enforcer for Arturo
Beltran Leyva in Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas according to the National Center for
Planning, Analysis and Information to Combat Crime. The center is an intelligence-gathering
unit of the Mexico attorney general's office. The Gulf Cartel finally decided to hire a
renegade elite Mexican military unit called “Zetas” to act as enforcers and to assassinate
rivals. The Zetas are said to have received training by a Guatemalan commando unit called
“Kabiles”. They have also received training, as part of an international agreement, by the
US Special Forces at Ft. Benning Georgia. These military trained units pose a definite
safety hazard for law enforcement, but so far most of the violence has been across the
border in cities like Nuevo Laredo, Mexico. Intelligence does indicate they are operating
inside the United States securing drug loads across the border and executing hits.

Meanwhile, rival “Chapo” Guzman hired his own gunmen with names like “Los Lobos” and
“Los Negros”; they are often recruited in the U.S. to fight Zetas in areas they protect. Edgar
Valdez Villareal, also known as "La Barbie", quickly became a legend like “El Chapo”. He
is known as a ladies' man with a fondness for Versace clothes, luxury automobiles, and has
been known to hang out at fancy Mexican nightclubs. He is also a ruthless enforcer for the
Sinaloan Cartel. “Barbie” has been a key player in the bloody turf war being waged in
Nuevo Laredo for control of the Interstate 35 smuggling route into the United States. He is
also believed to be behind much of the recent violence in central and southern Mexico,
including the State of Guerrero, in the resort of Acapulco.

While many of the major cartel leaders were locked up under the Fox Administration, they
are still capable of communicating and operating. In January, 2005, “Chapo” Guzman’s
brother, Arturo “El Pollo” Guzman was executed at La Palma prison in Mexico. This was

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for revenge against the earlier death of Rodolfo Carillo-Fuentes of the Juarez Cartel.
Carillo-Fuentes was the brother of Juarez Cartel Leader Vicente Carillo-Fuentes. The
shooting was ordered by Gulf Cartel leader Osiel Cardenas-Guillen using a shooter
aligned with the Arellanos (AFO). A couple of weeks later an attorney for Cardenas-
Guillen was executed as revenge for the killing of Guzman. On January 20, 2005, six staff
of a Mexican prison, including a Commander, were executed right outside the gates of the
prison. It is suspected this was for the unwanted transfer of Miguel Caro-Quintero, brother
of Rafael Caro-Quintero, involved in ordering the death of DEA Agent Enrique Camarena
back in 1985. (6)

PRISON GANGS

Since prisons were founded, there have always been offenders who have banded together
to attempt to control their prison environment. Many of these groups were made up of
offenders from the same hometown or were of the same race. Offenders involved in these
groups were not expected, nor did they remain loyal to these groups, as they moved
throughout the prison system or when they were released. However, in the late 1950s and
early 1960s, a new phenomenon began to take hold throughout many prisons. Groups of
offenders began to band together and take an oath of complete loyalty to the group no
matter what their location was in or out of prison. Regardless of their physical location, this
oath committed them to these new “Prison Gangs.” Membership was for “Life,” so “Death”
was the only way out!

These prison gangs, or as they are now referred to by many correctional and law
enforcement agencies as “Security Threat Groups” or “Disruptive Groups”, are much
more violent than their street gang counterparts, especially as it relates to prisons and other
incarcerated offenders per ratio. Prison gangs are more sophisticated than most street
gangs. Prison gang members also have a higher propensity for violence. Many prison gang
members are willing to, or have already, killed for their gang. Between 1970 and 1980, 189
inmates were killed behind prison walls in the California Department of Corrections, the
majority of them by prison gang members. Street gangs and prison gangs are closely
intertwined today with the “revolving door” of corrections. Often, street gang members are
groomed by prison gang members to “put in work, earn their stripes, and make their bones.”
If a street gang member is a prospect, he will have to prove himself out on the prison yard.
Prison gang members once released usually return to the street and are expected to “collect
taxes” for the prison gangs and kick back money or drugs to their brothers behind bars. (7
CDCR)

Mexican Mafia

Also known as “La EME,” this prison gang began at the Deuel Vocational Institute in Tracy,
California, in late 1957. The group was initially called the “Baby Mafia” by some staff in the
California Department of Corrections, and built its infrastructure based on their admiration of
“La Cosa Nostra,” also known as the “Italian Mafia.” The objective of this group was to
protect Chicano inmates from other predatory groups, to control criminal enterprises within
the prison, and later to control the action in the barrios out on the street. One symbol for la

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EME is the “Black Hand” patterned after La Cosa Nostra. Eventually, la EME began using
the number “13” as a symbol for their organization. This symbolized the thirteenth letter of
the alphabet (M) and the official color used by the group is blue. While there were EME
members from Northern California from the very beginning, the main recruitment area for
this group was Southern Californian (Sureños).

By the mid-1960s, La EME had made many enemies of former Mexican Mafia members
and Hispanic street gang members from rural Northern California (Norteños) referred to
as “Farmeros” by EME members. By 1968, “La Nuestra Familia” (Our Family) had
emerged a result of disdain of the Mexican Mafia for their victimizing and taxing of Hispanic
inmates who were not EME members. These victims were primarily from Northern California
and the resentment grew even stronger after a bloody dispute arose at San Quentin Prison
in September 1968 over a pair of shoes called the “Shoe War.”

Many violent assaults occurred between the Nuestra Familia and La EME during 1968-
1972 in prison and on the street as both struggled for power. In December 1971, there were
three hits made in Southern California. This was the first time law enforcement had dealt
with these prison gangs on the street. La EME made their move for “he who runs the inside,
runs the outside.” A very short truce occurred and a meeting was organized in December,
1972, at Chino Prison’s Palm Hall with the assistance of California Department of
Corrections officials. At this meeting EME leader Rodolfo “Cheyenne” Cadena was killed,
which resulted in a violent war that has continued to this date. (8)

La EME Oath and Modus Operandi

Under general rules, nobody is actually in charge of the entire gang. Some EME defense
attorneys have even labeled the group “disorganized crime.” A convict named Joe Morgan
was selected as the “Honorary Godfather” of La EME and died in 1994. Almost everything
is subject to a vote, but there are “shotcallers” who have influence within the group.
Members are called “carnales,” or brothers of the family. In La EME, a carnal is “to share
everything and never snitch. The EME comes before all, even your family!”

Gang discipline is enforced through “reglas” or rules “holding of court.” If determined guilty
of a major violation, the violating individual is put on a hit list. (9 LACJ) Gangs that
participate in EME politics and put in work for the prison gang on and off the streets are
given a “red light.” They are not to be assaulted. The introduction of contraband into the
prison system and dealing of drugs is a major gang activity. La EME tries to control the
lockdown units with the power of fear. Gang members who do not kick back drug profits to
the gang or do not take care of business are given a “green light” and their names are “put
into the hat” to be assaulted on the streets, in jail or in prison. Originally, the EME was a
“Blood in, Blood out” organization, meaning you had to kill to get in and die to get out. Some
gang experts note that this rule has changed somewhat, as well as the caliber of prison
gang members today.

In-house discipline and violence keeps many would-be defectors, or those who do not kick
back money or drugs, in check. For instance, three advisors to the movie “American Me”

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from the Hazard barrio were executed in the early 1990s. The EME felt the movie was
shown incorrectly and was a great disrespect. They did not like the way the movie depicted
them as sodomists, plus, at the end it showed their leader killed by their own members
when in actuality it was the Nuestra Familia who killed him. In 1995, a former EME member,
along with his wife and children and a family friend, were massacred by EME hired hitmen
from a Sureño street gang called “Sangra.” This former member was killed because he left
the prison gang, but the killers also violated rules against killing children. One of the
gunmen was himself shanked to death later at San Quentin’s Death Row by La EME.
Loyalty to the group is a must! Other EME members have been killed just after their prison
release, upon placement on parole in the California Department of Corrections.

Not all Sureños in the United States, 18th Street, Mara Salvatrucha, etc., join this prison
gang, but La EME continues to have an ample number of Sureño prospects in California
barrios ready to join and pay allegiance to the feared group. In 1993, the EME’s Godfather
Joe Morgan gave an “EME Edict” to Sureño street gangs in the LA area by threatening
Sureños to stop doing drive-bys and do walk-ups to ensure they hit their target and not
innocent civilians which was bad for business. La EME’s power was evident by the
February 2000 Riot at Pelican Bay State Prison when Sur 13 inmates, loyal to La EME,
attacked black inmates at one of the United State’s most secure prisons. One inmate was
killed, over one dozen inmates were stabbed, and forty inmates were injured. Several RICO
trials against EME members have caused instability, as there have been many power
struggles between the different EME factions. La EME remains very violent and poses an
officer safety concern. Recently, there have been documented instances where La EME has
targeted law enforcement for retaliation due to suppression efforts. In San Diego, CA,
Operation Mano Negra was started to address many security threat concerns.

Nuestra Familia

La EME began preying on weaker Chicano inmates in the mid-1960s, which some felt was
against the “Chicano Pinto Power” and inmate protection organization they started out as.
Problems had been brewing for quite awhile between Mexican Mafia and the Nuestra
Familia members, but the big event that really started it was a dispute over a pair of shoes.
These shoes belonged to none other than Hector “Mad Dog” Padilla of San Jose. Padilla
fought with Robert “Robot” Salas who was from Hazard over the shoes. Padilla survived
and dropped out of the Nuestra Familia by the mid-1970s. Salas (deceased November,
2004) was later sent to federal prison for other acts he committed on behalf of La EME.
Many Los Angeles inmates had already been treating the Northern inmates bad and by
disrespecting them like they were “Farmers” and a bunch of “Busters.” Nuestra Familia
and Norteños call La EME and the Southerners “SURats” and “Scrapas.” (Some
Maravillas also use this term now). Norteños often describe themselves today as “114%
Buster” as a “badge of pride.”

The Nuestra Familia was started by a few former EME members and inmates from
Northern California who were opposed to EME tactics of preying on their own. Several
groups mentioned at the time are the Blooming Flower (that was taking root), Familia
Cinco, and La Nuestra Familia Mexicana. It was to be a cultural, revolutionary, and

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military organization. One of the EME members who was against attacking fellow Chicano
inmates helped write the Nuestra Familia Constitution between the lines of legal work in
California Department of Corrections. It had ranks of El Padre, El Hijo, El Hermano Mayor,
Hermano Menor, and Hijitos as ranks. Even early on, Nuestra Familia leaders like Juan
Valdez had a close relationship to the Black Guerilla Family. Robert “Babo” Sosa, ran
the San Diego Regiment of Nuestra Familia for easier drug trafficking, and also ran things
in Santa Barbara, California. He had the NF Constitution reformatted and eventually
became the sole Nuestra Familia General (Nuestro General). Babo was impeached along
with his sidekick Nuestra Familia Captain “Death Row Joe” Gonzales. In a bloody war
with Sosa, “Black Bob” Vasquez from Gilroy wrested control to become a NF General with
fellow General “Brown Bob” Viramontes on “La Mesa.”

The theme song for the Nuestra Familia was “El Corrido de Nuestra Familia.” After La
Nuestra Familia came to power in the late 1960s, Norteño inmates began to use the letter
“N” by the late 1970s to symbolize their allegiance to the North. “N” is also the 14th letter of
the alphabet. Years before the Crips and the Bloods, the state prison system gave out either
blue or red bandanas. The Nuestra Familia chose red since La EME and Sureños had
adopted the color blue. Some will now say that red is for “the color their enemies shed.”
The Norteños took the red ones, and “stole the color and symbols of the United Farm
Workers” (huelga bird) used by Cesar Chavez who was a revered union organizer in Delano
during that timeframe. However, there are no direct official ties between the Nuestra Familia
and the United Farm Workers. The Nuestra Familia have their own banks. They robbed
banks, dealt drugs, and taxed other gangs to fund their cause. When Nuestra Familia
members were locked down in the early 1980s, they created another “Northern Structure”
prison gang that came to be known as “Nuestra Raza.” Later, the Nuestra Raza was
disbanded by the Nuestra Familia after many Nuestra Raza members thought they could
run it alone without them.

Some people say the Norte-Sur line is now roughly drawn across from Delano to the Bay
Area, with the greater Fresno area separate of both. Other observers have noted that the
line of demarcation does not really hold at all anymore with Northern California fast
approaching 50 percent ratio of Norte14 to Sur13 members in many areas.

Nuestra Familia Oath and Structure

When a Nuestra Familia member is released from prison, he is expected to work twice as
hard to see that his Familia is taken care of on the outside and works in conjunction with the
organization on the inside. A Nuestra Familia member is a member until death as their oath
states:
• If I lead, follow me
• If I hesitate, push me
• If they (EME/SUR) kill me, avenge me
• If I am a traitor, kill me!

A Norteño Unity kite came out of Pelican Bay on September 16, 1996, (the anniversary
date of the Shoe War and Mexican Independence Day) with orders for the end of red vs. red

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violence in the different Northern California barrios. In March 1997, a Nuestra Raza
member, Sal “Lil Man” Castaneda, was killed execution-style near Castroville. His hands
were arranged to show the 1-4 so everybody would know that it was serious business! The
orders were believed to come down from Pelican Bay State Prison because he refused
orders to kill his brother who was a Nuestra Raza drop out. He also refused to kill a gang
outreach worker from Salinas who was criticizing the NF.

Former General “Brown Bob” Viramontes was also soon killed by the Nuestra Familia in
1999 (he forgot the oath). “Mikio” Castillo, a longtime Nuestra Familia member from the
mid-1970s who had the official Nuestra Familia symbol on his back, was shot in the head
execution style when he got released to the streets. He was killed for not taking care of
business by a couple of Nuestra Familia soldiers who wanted to move up the ladder.
Nuestra Familia leaders also renamed La Mesa as the “Overall Governing Body or
OGB” The Nuestra Familia are pulling bigger and bigger jobs, such as when Henry
“Happy” Cervantes was schooling the younger Norteños on the street how to do cowboy
operation bank robberies.” Cervantes was finally caught in Seattle, Washington. Practically
the entire Nuestra Familia Overall Governing Body including Upper Council members
James “Tibbs” Morado, Cornelio “Corny” Tristan, and Joseph “Pinky” Hernandez and
Lower Council members Sheldon “Skip” Villanueva, and Gerald “Cuete/Shotgun”
Ruvalcaba were implicated. David “Sir Dyno” Rocha from the late Dark Room Familia
rap label and others, were also indicted on a RICO in early 2001. They were accused of
ordering murders of individuals on the Nuestra Familia’s “green light” list in crackdowns on
Sureño encroachment in areas like Santa Rosa, California. The RICO case had far
reaching implications with the old leadership now incarcerated in the BOP at the ADX-
Florence; however, La Nuestra Familia is projected by many analysts to rebound as it has
many times before.

Texas Syndicate

The Texas Syndicate (TS) formed at San Quentin and Folsom Prison during the early
1970s. The nucleus was made up of inmates from Texas who were incarcerated in the
California Department of Corrections (CDC). These inmates often came from the El Paso
Tip (EPT), “Tip” referring to their hometown, not necessarily a group. According to Sgt. Bill
Hankins who worked with the Prison Gang Task Force in the early 1970’s, while the Texas
Syndicate was small in numbers, they were the most feared on the yard because of their
propensity for violence and serious assaults. The TS did not officially call themselves Texas
Syndicate until 1984. The founder of the TS, “Panchito” Gonzales, is currently housed at
Pelican Bay State Prison and still serves as an advisor; however, all official orders presently
come from Texas and have for many years. During the 1970s, the Texas Syndicate
recruited heavily to build numbers within CDC. (19 CDCR)

When the Southern vs. Northern California War heated up in all CDC institutions during
the 1980s, some Texas Syndicate members picked sides and aligned themselves with the
North, others aligned with the South. Those that did not go with the South and La EME,
aligned themselves with the Nuestra Familia and could not get along with the Southern

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Texas Syndicate faction. The formal alliance was later broken with the Nuestra Familia
and Norteño due to a lack of cooperation by both sides. At this time in 2006, it is “respect
for respect” between the NF and TS. Some TS members were sent back to Texas
institutions or paroled there after their California Corrections terms were over.

Texas Syndicate Growth and Development

The Texas Syndicate grew rapidly in the Texas Department of Criminal Justice (TDCJ)
after the Estelle vs. Ruiz lawsuit dismantled the state’s inmate “building tender” system.
Between 1980 and 1983, the Texas Syndicate was responsible for four homicides and
numerous assaults. Between 1984 and 1985, there were fifty-two gang related killings,
many attributed to the Texas Syndicate in their war with the Mexikanemi or Texas
Mexican Mafia. In 1992, the Texas Syndicate signed a peace treaty with the Mexikanemi,
which created a split in the organization. The TS went to war with the Raza Unida in 1995
and there is a “yellow light” (caution) between the two in 2006. TS went to war with the
Texas Chicano Brotherhood 1998-1999, and with the Barrio Azteca 1995-1996. In late
1994, the TS declared war with the Barrio Azteca over a homicide that happened in the El
Paso County Jail. They have been at odds with the Hermanos de Pistoleros Latinos
(HPL) in the BOP. They have also had problems with the Tango Blasters, especially
Houston Tangos. Today, the Texas Syndicate remains a serious security threat and
appears to be broken up into three different factions:
• Texas Syndicate Originals (Old School Chafas),
• Texas Syndicate United
• New Breed TS.
•

Street and Prison Operations

Nearly a dozen slayings and attacks occurred on the streets of the Austin, Texas area in the
late 1990s. The crimes remained unsolved but were eventually traced back to the state’s
most feared prison gang: the Texas Syndicate. The TS schemed to collect a ten percent
“tax” from every known drug dealer in town, even those who did not sell for the prison gang.
Texas Syndicate members conduct their own investigations of prospects. They will ask to
check inmate’s paperwork and will also verify members by group photographs. An FBI led
multi-agency investigation was implemented, dubbed “Operation Texas Style.” Eventually,
prosecutors indicted twenty-two Texas Syndicate members on a RICO statute, including a
shotcaller named Hector Soto, as well as other members and associates on drug charges.
Most of the men, facing overwhelming evidence caught on tape, pled guilty in federal court.
They were sentenced from ten years to life in prison. ( San Antonio Express News)

Some believed the convictions finished the Texas Syndicate, ending its high-profile era of
drug dealing, but prison officials still have to deal with the TS inside Texas facilities. It is
important to remember that suspected Security Threat Group members are housed in
facilities around the state and are found in all custody levels. Whenever a Texas Syndicate
member is released from a Texas, California, or federal prison, they are given a name of a
TS member in charge of the city or area where they are going. Members must report to that

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person as soon as they arrive. The Texas Syndicate is not as powerful as it once was, but
they are still a serious Security Threat Group to contend with.

Mexikanemi

Also known as “Texas Mexican Mafia” or “EME”, the Mexikanemi is not to be confused
with the California Mexican Mafia. The Mexikanemi was started by inmates opposed to the
leadership style and ideas of the intensely hated Texas Syndicate. Their Constitution was
written by founder Heriberto “Herb/Muelas” Huerta and states, “In being with a criminal
organization, we will function in any respect or criminal interest for the benefit or
advancement of Mexikanemi. We will traffic in drugs, contracts of assassinations,
prostitution, robbery of high magnitude, and anything we can imagine.”

The Mexikanemi (Mexican Mafia of Texas) originated within the Texas Department of
Criminal Justice and has a profound impact on the safety and security of staff and offenders
in prison and on the streets of Texas. The Mexikanemi, both confirmed and suspected
members, continues to be the largest Security Threat Group within TDCJ. They continue to
participate in extortion, narcotics trafficking and murder, both inside and outside the
confines of prison walls. The capital of the Mexikanemi is San Antonio, Texas (also known
as Aztlan). The city is also called “La Oreja” (the ear), and its members “Orejones.” The
Mexikanemi have used different tactics, including attempting to use religion as a cover for
criminal practices under the guise of the “Mexikanemi Science Temple of Aztlan Inc.”

Mexikanemi Modus Operandi, Schooling, and Structure

In the early years of the Mexikanemi, members were required to be “schooled”. Members
were taught Aztec culture, Nauatl language, Mexican Revolutionary History, the Mexikanemi
Constitution, rules and regulations. Mexikanemi members commonly refer to each other as
“Merecidos” (The Deserved Ones) and “Mexikanos.” In the mid-1990s, the Mexikanemi
experienced a decline of cultural tradition amongst the younger members. The “New Wave”
members lacked education in the “Ways of the Merecidos,” which created internal conflicts
within the organization. These internal conflicts are ongoing; however, current trends reveal
a “revival of the old ways.” In particular, old school leader, Rey Ramirez has been receiving
letters from all over the BOP, Texas, and other areas. He has been trying to get members to
settle their differences and stay unified. The prison gang Mexikanemi is structurally
reorganizing and returning to their original practices. Their new goals include expansion,
networking, and creating new alliances with other organized crime groups.

The Mexikanemi continues to be structured along para-military lines: a President, Vice-

President and Generals (inside and out) in key decision-making positions. Captains,
Lieutenants, Sergeants, and Soldiers continue to be the backbone of the group. Similar to
the Texas Syndicate, the largest source of revenue for the organization is a “street tax,” or
money extorted from drug dealers. Sellers who refused to pay ten percent, also known as
“the Dime,” are robbed, beaten, or killed by prison gang members. Gang associates sell
heroin, cocaine and marijuana throughout San Antonio and parts of Texas.

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 Street and Prison Wars

The shotgun slayings of five people in a San Antonio residence in August 1997, known as
the “French Street Massacre,” came on the orders of Mexikanemi General Robert
“Beaver” Perez. In the French Street Massacre case, the gang was after drugs and a large
sum of money it believed was at the residence. The bodies of five people were discovered,
all shot in the head execution-style. Later, Perez allegedly ordered Captain Robert “Robe”
Herrera and several other Mexikanemi members to execute one of the killers, Roberto De
Los Santos, and also Adam Tenorio for bragging about the crime to non-members. De
Los Santos was choked, beaten, and run over with a car. Tenorio’s eyes were gouged, his
throat slit, and his body bounded with barbwire. Nine other killings over the prior three years
were also blamed on this notorious prison gang. A RICO indictment accused the
Mexikanemi of routinely dealing drugs, robbing, extorting and assaulting. There have been
several recent cases of in-fighting and executions of Mexikanemi leaders as they vie for
power. ( San Antonio Express)

Border Brothers and Paisas

Two Security Threat Groups that often go unnoticed are the “Border Brothers” (BB) and
“Paisas.” At one time, “border brother” was just a term that a Chicano or Mexican-
American might give a Mexican National whom he was friends with or was his drug
connection. These “Border Brothers” would also often call each other “Paisa,” meaning
“countrymen.” At this time; however, there are two distinct and rival groups: “Border
Brothers” and “Paisas”. Many times, undocumented Mexican Nationals who are
incarcerated will band together under one of these two groups. Border Brothers became
formally organized in the California prison system in the mid-1980s. Their goal was to
protect Mexican Nationals from other gangs. There were riots going on at Folsom Prison
and other institutions and the Border Brothers were pressured by the Mexican Mafia and
Surenos to carry drugs and weapons for them. They are usually an independent group of
Mexican Nationals and South Americans that do not want to get caught up in Sureño and
Norteño rivalries. Not all have Border Brother or Paisa tattoos. Many are currently booked
in on a Violation Under the Controlled Substance Act. Intelligence suggests they may “code”
drug dealing by wearing gold emblems of El Gallo (Rooster) = Marijuana, La Chiva (Goat)
= Heroin, and El Perico (Parrot) = Cocaine. They may even refer to all as “Tres
Animales” from a narco-corrido or song about drugs. Border Brothers or Paisas work as
runners, or low men on the totem pole, for Drug Trafficking Organizations. They arrived in
Arizona in the early 1990s, and like in California, they organized to protect themselves from
the Arizona Mexican Mafia. When the BBs arrived in Arizona, new rules were established
and a new tattoo and rank structure/governing board was adopted. They recruited many
Mexican Nationals but criteria was lax compared some other Security Threat Groups. At this
time, Border Brothers usually come from California or Arizona in the federal system, while
Paisas come from all over. These are groups have been much misunderstood.

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The Border Brothers in AZ have eight written rules. Members are referred to as
“Carnalitos”. Border Brothers are a bona fide Security Threat Group in some states and
would sometimes wear “Hermanos de La Frontera”, “Union 22”, “Wetback” or “Mojado
Power” (also a Phoenix-based street gang) tattoos as a badge of honor. At the current
time, most “Wetback Power” are no longer joining the BBs. They feel they are strong
enough as a group to hold their own and there is now friction between WBP and BBs.

Los Tigres del Norte, a popular Mexican band, made a song “Que Viva Los Mojados,”
which signifies pride in a term that in the past has been considered a putdown. Tattoos
seen most often are: the letters “BB,” Border Brothers, Paisa, and Mojado (wetback).
Also seen are tattoos of the names of their home states in Mexico, Nayarit, Durango, etc.
The words, “Orgullo Mexicano” (Mexican Pride) may be seen. The Patron Saint of
Mexico, La Virgen de Guadalupe, may also be seen. This is meant as a symbol of
protection and may be tattooed on the back, neck, or over the heart. Aztec warriors, the
snake and eagle from the Mexican flag are other common tattoos, but one must use caution
as the California or Texas EME may also use these. In Arizona, Border Brothers are fairly
well organized and have a distinctive tattoo: a circle with a radiating outer flame, an
Aztec lion in the center along with “BB” or “22”. (AZ DOC-STG Website)

Not all undocumented immigrants can be classified as Border Brothers, only those who
identify themselves with this name (BB). They will usually have a building or unit
representative who they’ll go to with their problems. That individual will then go to the
representative of the other group to hash things out. Border Brothers are relatively low key
compared to other groups, but will swiftly shank someone without regard for personal safety
whether out on the street at a bar, at a cock-fight at a migrant camp, or in prison or jail if
pushed hard enough.

They will also band together for prison drug sales and other rackets. They have strong
contacts on the streets, which stretch back to Mexico, the homeland of most. Nearly all
Border Brothers are Mexican immigrants, some documented, but the majority of whom
are undocumented. They share a common culture, homeland, language, and purpose to
make a great deal of money and eventually return to Mexico. They have strong drug
contacts in Mexico, especially black tar heroin and methamphetamine. The drug cartels
have a working relationship with some Mexican Mafia members and they can provide safe
housing in Mexico for Chicanos on the lam in the States. Border Brothers provide drugs
and safe housing for “mules” and may act as “coyotes” for illegals. Violence has increased
with immigrant smugglers on the Mexican border. (AZ Republic 11/03)

In some Federal Bureau of Prisons, Border Brothers are now large enough in numbers to
stand up to other gangs. These two different Security Threat Group factions of Mexican
Nationals, Border Brothers and Paisas will also fight each other in the federal system.

The Paisas developed in recent years as a protection group from Border Brothers. Paisas
were thought to be neutral and get along with everyone unless preyed upon. In the federal
system, Paisas could walk most yards, whereas the Border Brothers could not, as the
BB’s had problems with Barrio Aztecas (2004) and Texas Syndicate (2005) and still do in

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2006. Recently, however, it appears Paisas are also having problems with BAs and TS.
Paisas have their own separate by-laws. For instance Paisa Rule #8 states, “Whenever
there is a problem in the yard report to your own states” (Michoacan, Oaxaca, Sinaloa, etc).
Both groups use slang or code words for the different Mexican States: Tijuana = Tijuas,
Mexicali = Chicali, Chijuajua = Chijuas, Juarez = Juaritos, etc.

Paisas are generally considered good workers and cooperate; however, staff should be
aware that with more freedom of movement of inmate trustees, there may be safety and
security concerns. Paisas also have rules such as, “If something should happen with other
races, and one Paisa is injured, the Paisas who are closest to the individual will help him
out, or you yourself will be assaulted.” The peer pressure of this group demands that they
back each other up. Recently, in Arizona, they have had problems with Native-Americans.
On the street, both groups tend to drive four-wheelers, SUVs, and trucks versus the
lowriders that many Chicano gang members drive. They may have Mexican State decals,
Brahma Bulls, or horseshoe decals on the vehicle. They are known to wear a significant
amount of gold jewelry, cowboy gear, and own guns. Their numbers nationwide are
unknown at this time as they are not always easy to identify. These Mexican National
Security Threat Groups are expected to grow and are becoming more violent, having
already gone from protection groups to predatory groups.

STREET GANGS

Sureños

“Sureño” means Southerner in Spanish. When you are dealing with Mexican-American or
Chicano gangs, this term refers to Hispanic gangs in Southern California. It also refers to
those gangs who have copied the Sureño style outside of Southern California or are part of
the “Sureño Movement.” These gangs differ in size, tradition and sophistication. In
Southern California, the gang structure is very loose; the make-up is more horizontal than
the vertical hierarchy of many Mid-West and East Coast gangs. There are no Generals or
Presidents, but there are Veteranos and “shotcallers” who have influence within their
gang.

Most Sureños do not personally know any Mexican Mafia (EME) members, but will still put
“13” for the 13th letter “M” after their name as a matter of respect (Sur 13). Sureños are
not so much foot soldiers for La EME, but are more like a pool from which La EME will
recruit the best and most feared ones. 18th Street, Mara Salvatrucha 13, Florencia 13,
38th Street, and hundreds of other gangs originating in Southern California are all Sureño
gangs. These Sur 13 gangs often have established themselves in large cities to small towns
all across the country and war for control of drug trafficking with other local gangs. Law
enforcement in these small towns often do not initially recognize these gangs as Sureños.
Sur 13 gangs are often rivals on the streets and usually have few links to each other. They
seldom wear unified colors in Los Angeles as they do not want to bring attention onto
themselves by law enforcement or their enemies. Outside of Southern California, Sureños
may wear blue to signify a unified group especially at parties or funerals. Sureños from
different and sometimes warring gangs in Los Angeles may come together in other parts of

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the country. They may make truces with other gangs, but when they grow large enough, will
often declare war on them.

In the California Department of Corrections, Los Angeles County Jail, and on the street they
are often at war with African-American gangs. (Sureño gangs in Los Angeles, California,
will often use their area code, such as 213, in gang graffiti. Sureños in and out of Los
Angeles may also adorn blue L.A. Dodgers baseball caps as another identifier. There are
also Sureño gangs in other Southern California counties. Again, not all Surenos or Sur 13
gangs get along in California, but when they go to prison they are forced to band together
on orders of La EME and because of the higher threat from other gangs such as Crips,
Bloods, 415, and Norteños. Sureño migration has continued at a very fast pace
throughout the United States and even across international borders. There may be local
Sureño 13 gangs with no direct connection to Southern California. Many were developed by
Mexican immigrants on the East Coast who spent little to no time in Los Angeles. Also, the
Sureños or Sur 13 gangs may have non-Hispanics as members. It is not uncommon to see
Native-American, Caucasian, or other races in Sureño gangs. Sureños are widespread,
can be very violent, and are a very complex group to deal with.

18th Street

This gang started on the West Side of Los Angeles around 1965. It was originally made up
largely of 2nd generation Hispanic immigrants. As the 18th Street gang began to battle with
more established Chicano gangs, they began to recruit outside of the Hispanic community.
ILGIA estimates their size in 2006 to be 20,000+ members in over 120 U.S. cities. They are
also big in Latin America. According to the Department of Justice, an estimated 60% were
illegal immigrants. Colors are often Black & Grey (Raider Colors), Dark Blue (to show
support for SUR13), but they may wear Red on the East Coast and beads as well. Common
hand signs are forming an “18” or thrown sideways “E” (for Eighteen). Common 18th St.
tats include: 18, XV3, XVIII, Diesocho, 666 (=18). The 18th Street gang now has chapters
on the North (Hollywood area), in East L.A./County, and in South Central Los Angeles
where their traditional enemies are the Florencia 13 gang. They also fight Black P-Stones
(R20’s) in South Central and in jail.

They now have cliques in San Diego, Las Vegas, Inland Empire, the Bay Area, Chicago,
Texas Florida, and even a clique in New York. They are big in Portland, Oregon, and in
Washington State where they have a web site. They are big in New Jersey where they fall
under La Raza Unida umbrella. They have whole towns claiming allegiance to them in El
Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico with large cliques in Mexico City DF and Tijuana. They
even show a clique from Australia on their main 18th Street website. In August of 1998, 26
year old LAPD officer Filbert Cuesta Jr., a member of the now defunct Community
Resources Against Street Hoodlums (CRASH) unit, was sitting in his patrol car when an
18th Streeter walked up to his patrol car and shot him in the back of the head. It was a
cowardly murder of a cop. While recent attention has focused on MS, 18th Street is actually
larger in the U.S. and continues to be a serious security risk.

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 MARA SALVATRUCHA

Mara Salvatrucha (“MS-13”) has become one of the fastest growing and most violent
street gangs in the U.S. The origins of MS-13 date back to Salvadorans escaping the El
Salvador civil war and immigrating to the U.S. during the 1970’s and 1980’s. They settled in
southern California where they integrated with other Hispanic immigrants. Some of these
individuals had been members of paramilitary groups like the Farabundo Marti National
Liberation Front (FMNL) during the civil war. FMNL was made up of Salvadorian peasants
who were trained as guerilla fighters. A quote from Ernesto “Smokey” Miranda, co-founder
of MS-13, illustrates the violent backgrounds many of these MS-13 immigrants had: “In our
Country, we were taught to kill our own people, no matter if they were from your own blood.
If your father was the enemy, you had to kill him. So the training we got during the war in
our country served to make us one of the most violent gangs in the U.S. After being
constantly victimized by the dominant Hispanic gangs, El Salvadoran immigrants banded
together for self-protection and called themselves Mara Salvatrucha, or MS. The term
“mara” means gang and the term “truchas” means trustee, or a look-out person. The “13”
in MS-13 was adopted after MS aligned under the “Sureño” (meaning southern in Spanish)
umbrella to demonstrate its allegiance to the “Mexican Mafia” (also known as “La EME”).
“Eme” (the letter “M” in Spanish) is the 13th letter of the alphabet and several gangs use the
number 13 in support of La EME. Gangs such as MS-13 aligned themselves with La EME in
southern California correctional facilities primarily for protection.2

When the MS first started out many of their members were called “MS Stoners”. They had
long hair and would listen to loud heavy metal music and would drive souped-up muscle
cars. A common MS handsign is the index finger and pinky finger held up. Some of the
members were also into Satanism and were involved with a Salvadoran National Guard Unit
called "Santanas". There is another MS clique called "Sailor's" allegedly started by former
military members. Allegedly many MS were initially members of soccer teams. Later, they
evolved into a full-fledged gang, in part, to protect themselves from the Eighteen Street
gang that was nearby and victimizing them.

The MS did not consider themselves Surenos for approximately 15 years. Many of the
older MS do not have any "13" markings, just "MS" tattoos. Finally the Mara Salvatrucha
joined the Surenos back in 1994, during the Black vs. Brown riots in the Los Angeles
County Jail system. Several Mexican Mafia RICO suspects had strong ties to MS and it is
now common to see MS13. Their original colors were black from their Santanas roots, but
they will also wear blue and white colors, which match the Salvadorian flag. On the East
Coast they often wear blue and white beads. The MS have started taxing street vendors,
prostitutes, small businesses, and street level drug dealers working in their turf. Failure to
pay will most likely result in some type of violence. Mexicans, Guatemalans, Hondurans,
and other Central Americans may join MS, but not exclusively.

ILGIA puts their numbers in 2006 at just over 6,000 in the U.S. and between 25-50,000
worldwide. The reason for the wide margin of error is there may be over-reporting in Central
America for political reasons. Intelligence from MS members on the street is that MS
operates on seniority; usually the oldest is the leader or shotcaller. They quickly set up a

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system where the next oldest would take control if the oldest was arrested. The MS is active
in several cities across the United States and has been spotted in New York, New Jersey,
Washington D.C., Texas, Oregon, Washington, and even in Vancouver, BC.

We have found that they often ride the trains from El Salvador, Honduras, through
Guatemala, and across Chiapas, Mexico, and into the United States. They then travel to the
Northern Border to try and escape detection. When they get to Vancouver, B.C. they often
will deal in crack cocaine and some cases will trade for B.C. bud.

One reason they might resist law enforcement is because back at home (in El Salvador) a
pedestrian stop could result in torture or a .38 bullet to the back of the head. For example, in
Los Angeles in the early nineties Los Angeles Police Department C.R.A.S.H. would
routinely make subjects kneel with their hands on back of their heads until back-up arrived.
Just remember that back home in El Salvador some cops can be just as bad as the crooks.
Their only history was with the cops in Central America and they decided rather than die on
their knees they would die fighting. Another officer safety issue is MS are more likely to be
well versed in edged weapons and zip guns alike. They are also probably addicted to
"banados" marijuana cigarettes laced with crack. They may also huff paint or glue which is
often used to kill hunger and due to boredom. They might not have a “full deck” so officers
should use caution when dealing with MS. (42)

Northern Structure -Nuestra Raza-Norteños

As previously stated, Norteño inmates began to use the letter “N” and the number “14” by
the mid to late 1970s to symbolize their allegiance to the North, since “N” is the 14th letter of
the alphabet. There has been a “Structure of the Nuestra Familia” since the mid1970s,
but when the Nuestra Familia leadership was locked up in Administrative Segregation after
RICO trials, they created the Nuestra Raza. Once the Nuestra Raza was disbanded;
instead of Nuestra Familia, Northern Structure-Nuestra Raza, and Norteño, you now
officially have just two levels: NF and Nortenos in 2006. All others are just considered
Northerners. Norteños will rarely fight other Norteños and have spread to other parts of the
Mid-West and even to the East Coast and Florida. They are being overrun by Sureños in
many parts of Northern California. Norteños may not always wear red; for instance, several
departments have observed them wearing the light blue colors of North Carolina to signify
Northern California. Nuestra Familia and Norteño groups are not as large as La EME or
Sureños, but may make up for it with a lot of violence. To add to the confusion some NR
are now claiming “Northern Ryders” and some former NF (Drop-Outs) are calling
themselves “New flowers”.

The Fresno War and the Bulldogs

The Fresno Bulldogs (F-14) have operated in Central California for approximately fifteen
years. The group was first started at San Quentin Prison, among inmates from the “Fresno
Car.” Fresno was a large Nuestra Familia regiment and stronghold, but all the power and

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NF headquarters was in San Jose, California. They took on the mascot name of the Fresno
State University Bulldogs. Their main area of activity on the streets was on the Eastside of
Fresno and spread out to other parts of Fresno County.

Fresno was one of the many burgeoning towns along Highway 99 in California’s San
Joaquin Valley. The Bulldogs (BDS) had little local competition at first being the biggest
gang in the area and rapidly expanded to other barrios. Later, they did at times battle with
the growing Southeast Asian street gangs in Fresno. They usually wore red and bulldog
symbols with spiked collars or just the bulldog head as tattoos. The Bulldogs will often
greet each other and say good-bye by “barking” as their call sign. When the F-14 Bulldogs
initially went to prison, they usually joined with the Nuestra Familia prison gang. Due to
many killings by Nuestra Familia of Fresneros in the late 1970s and early 1980s, they
later split from the Nuestra Familia. They felt disrespected by the Nuestra Familia so they
broke away and became what is commonly known today as the “Fresno Bulldogs” (BDS).
Later, there was a movement to align with Sureños as the Bull Dog Nation (BDN). This was
soon turned down by the majority who vowed that the F-14 Bulldogs remain independent.
BDN Leader Armando “Mousie” Morales tried to make amends with Nortenos in the
BOP, but was assaulted by them in 2005 and is no longer considered a major player.
Bulldogs will fight Bulldogs. (FPD, CDCR, BOP)

Ñetas

The Ñetas’ traditional enemies are the G-27 (Group 27 of June 1980) who originated from
the Manuel A. Perez Housing Projects in the city of Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. Meanwhile,
Ñetas originated from the Barrio Monacillo area in Rio Piedras, Puerto Rico. They were
formed in the penal system to defend themselves from inmates of the Manuel A. Perez
Housing Projects (the G-27 predators). G-27 inmates are derogatorily called “Insectos”
(insects) by Ñetas because the G-27 were known to have sexually assaulted, robbed, and
killed weaker inmates in the Puerto Rican prison system.

During the late 1970s and early 1980s, prison riots and killings caused a great deal of
tension for the Puerto Rico Administration of Corrections. Over fifty deaths occurred as a
result. These riots were due to the fact that Monacillo inmates (Ñetas) and adjacent barrios
would no longer accept the rapes, torture, and stealing from the inmates of Manuel A. Perez
Housing Projects (G-27). The riots escalated at the Bayamon Regional Jail after Monacillo
inmates killed two Manuel A. Perez inmates who were well known rapist on June 27, 1980.
This resulted in an on-going feud that continues to this day.

An inmate named Carlos “La Sombra” Torres-Iriarte formed and became the recognized
leader of the “Pro-Inmate Rights Association”, also known as Ñetas. Meanwhile, La
Manota and two others formed the “Committee Pro-Quality of Life for Inmates,” also
known as the G-27 Group in honor of the two inmates previously killed in Bayamon.
Because of “La Sombra’s” growing influence within the Puerto Rican prison system
inmates, the G-27’s executed him on March 30, 1981 by stabbing him many times and
shooting him with a 22-caliber gun. “La Sombra” had been transferred to a G-27 prison
stronghold where his life ended. Because of this transfer and execution, Ñetas to this day

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allege that the Puerto Rico Administration of Corrections was involved. In retaliation, Ñetas
brutally executed G-27 leader “La Manota,” breaking into D-Unit where he was housed,
and stabbing him over 400 times. After this, the Puerto Rico Administration of Correction
separated Ñetas and G-27.

They gave the Ñetas seven prisons in San Juan and Ponce and one prison in San Juan,
Guayama, and the West Coast to G-27. This separation ended the war but to this day
these two groups cannot live together in any one prison. Although all groups in the Puerto
Rico Prison system tend to do the same crimes inside facilities, Ñetas try to emphasize their
“Robin Hood” image of protecting the weaker inmates. They also portray themselves as
active nationalist and freedom fighters. Ñetas regardless of the image they try to portray are
killers, extortionist, drug traffickers who control 75 percent of the drugs in the Puerto Rican
prison system. They are also very well politically connected. Inmates in the Puerto Rican
prison system continue to have the right to vote. Ñetas use this lobby very effectively to get
what they want. There are approximately 16,000 inmates in the Puerto Rican prison system
and 68 percent are Ñetas. Those are a lot of votes.

Together, with their family members, the Ñetas leadership holds a powerful voting lobby.
Today, the Ñetas are more powerful in the Puerto Rican prison system than they were even
during the late 1990s. They continue to hold the largest membership of any Security Threat
Group to control drug trafficking and continue to influence Puerto Rican politics. It is
important to note that Puerto Rican prison gangs do not claim their groups while in free
society, they claim their barrios. They will, however, send money and drugs back to prison
to the leadership as insurance in case of future incarceration.

There are some differences in Ñetas from the Island and those in the United States. For
instance, they do not use “red” because it is a G-27 color. In the United States, colors are
red, white, and blue of the flag of Puerto Rican flag. Sometimes the color black substitutes
for blue. They will say “Soy Boricua” for Borinquen, the original name of Puerto Rico as
the Taino Indians referred to it. “150, 1.5, and 150%” are commonly used symbols in the
United States and Puerto Rican system by Ñeta members. The index and middle finger
crossed are a reflection of 1.50 meaning 150%. Some Stateside Ñetas refer to this hand
sign as follows: The middle finger over the index finger means Ñetas protecting the weak
and the thumb over the two fingers that are left is Carlos “La Sombra” holding back the G-
27. They hold a minute of silence on the 30th of every month and every March 30th praying
for five minutes in memory of their fallen leader “La Sombra.”

Stateside Puerto Ricans, especially from the East Coast, have a much stronger patriotic
sense of pride even than those on the Island do. An example is the recent release of
Machetero (Puerto Rican terrorist group) affiliates from the federal Bureau of Prisons.
Most were born or raised Stateside. Ñetas have been very visible in Puerto Rican Day
Parades in the United States. Ñetas consider themselves to be a higher quality inmate and
are more commonly seen in the U.S. than the G-27. They can usually get along with Latin
Kings who they refer to as “Primos” or cousins. They are enemies with Los Solidos, 20
Luv, and Elm City Boys (ECBs). Ñetas are involved in drug distribution, extortion,
intimidation, and other crimes. Recent information shows that they are now involved in

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performing “hits” for other gangs. Ñetas can be found in many correctional facilities
including New York, Connecticut, Florida, and many federal institutions.

Mid-West Almighty Latin King Nation

Chicago: The Motherland

The Latin Kings grew out of the Chicago street gang wars of the 1940s and 1950s. They
developed a philosophy of “Kingism” and became a part of the “People Nation” during the
1960s polarization of Chicago gangs. Latin Kings have an established “Charter” and have
well documented rules which members must strictly adhere to. Most members will have
“King” in front of their name, i.e. King Carlos, King Luis, King Beto, etc. They will also use
the slogan “Amor De Rey” or ADR, which means “King Love.” At one time, the Latin Kings
and Maniac Latin Disciples joined forces to fight Vice Lords after they learned that a Vice
Lord raped a Puerto Rican girl. The Latin Kings would show respect to the Maniac Latin
Disciples by taking off their gang sweaters and carrying them over their arm when they
walked through Maniac Latin Disciple neighborhoods. But on one occasion, a couple of
Latin Kings refused, and when confronted by their leader “Hitler” and other Maniac Latin
Disciples, a fight broke out. Hitler was fatally stabbed by a Latin King, thus, a war is on to
this date.

During the 1970s, North and South Chicago Latin King factions developed with each
choosing their own President, or “Incas” or the “Supreme Crown.” “The Motherland” is
located around the Humbolt Park area in the north and is predominately Puerto Rican.

One of their leaders, Gustavo “Lord Gino” Colon, ordered a Corrections Officer to be
killed in 1989 from behind prison walls. Colon was ultimately charged with the conspiracy
while housed at the Menard, Illinois facility. He was convicted in 1998 along with his wife
Marisol and two others. In May, 2000, Colon was sentenced to life in federal prison for
masterminding a one million dollar cocaine ring and is presently incarcerated at the
Florence-ADX Supermax prison in Colorado. ( Chicago Times)

Another Latin King leader, Raul “Baby King” Gonzales, is a convicted murderer, and
also has a large following. The South Side Kings are predominately Mexican. Tattoos
typically include a 3- or 5-pointed crown, five dots, five-pointed star, cross, or the head of a
king wearing a crown. Most Mexican factions of the Kings will utilize a five-pointed crown,
while most Puerto Rican factions of the gang use a 3-pointed crown. Recently, Latin Kings
and other gangs in Chicago have started wearing surgical gloves to prevent any gun
residue from being used as evidence. Narcotics and firearms are not the only realms of
activity that Latin Kings deal in. The gang has also cashed in on the fraudulent documents
trade. The Chicago based Latin Kings have been seen collecting “street taxes” from
vendors who sell the fake papers. All across the country, gangs are using violence and
intimidation to garner leverage in the booming illegal documents trade, according to
published reports. ( Nat’l Alliance of Gang Investigator Assoc.)

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In September 2000, a two- year undercover investigation resulted in drug charges against
nineteen suspected suburban members of the Latin Kings street gang. The long-running
probe by several suburban police departments and the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and
Firearms (ATF) targeted mostly street-level dealers whose drug-sale profits help fund the
gang’s operation. Gang members and associates have faced an array of drug-related
charges, including felony counts of unlawful delivery of cocaine and marijuana. The
investigation began in Glendale Heights, Illinois, when police there received a tip about drug
dealing by gang members and associates. The probe later spread to West Chicago and
focused largely on Latin King activities in those towns, although not all the drug sales
occurred in just those towns. (Chicago Tribune)

One mistake many people have is the idea of females being in the Almighty Latin King
and Queen Nation (ALKQN) in Chicago. There are no official “Latin Queens” of any rank
in the Humboldt Park sections, including “The Motherland.” Allegedly, the Latin Kings got
rid of them because of the trouble they were causing. It seems to be a trend among the
gangs in Chicago that the younger ones are the ones doing the shootings, while the older
ones are more into making money. The older ones complain about the younger ones
betraying gang alliances and traditions. Similar to the Mob years ago, when they could not
control the “Young Turks.” Lord Gino is not happy that the Kings appear to be losing
Spaulding (The Motherland) and is said to be sending a King from the South Side to
straighten things out. Far North Side Kings are actually hooked up with South Side Kings
and fought in the Motherland.

Connecticut Latin King Charter

The Latin King Manifesto appeared in Connecticut in the late 1980s at Somers State
Prison. The CT “Charter” is a term that originated in Connecticut as a result of a major
disagreement in the early 1990s between CT Latin King co-founders Nelson Millet and
Pedro Millan after they were housed in the BOP-Lompoc, CA. In 1992, Millet began to
distrust Millan after he was transferred out and ordered a commando style shooting from a
prison in Raybrook, NY, of non-conforming Latin Kings in Meriden, CT. Millan was
convicted and given 12 years for this crime and his followers were identified as “Black
Beads”. This resulted in the formation by Millet of the ALKQ Charter Nation and the
“Manifesto” was replaced with a "Charter" that had a few fundamental changes and
additions. The state was then broken down into five regions vs. tribes.

The Charter Nation Kings remained aligned to the People Nation. During 1994-1995, the
Connecticut Latin Kings and Los Solidos had a major war which resulted in many deaths
on both sides, as well as numerous disturbances in correctional facilities. In the mid 1990s
many of the Charter Nation leadership under Millet were convicted under RICO and
sentenced to both state and federal prison systems. Recent intelligence from federal
agencies shows that the Almighty Latin King & Queen Charter Nation is showing up in
some of the mid-Atlantic States, as well in VT, NH, and Maine. This is believed to be a

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result of active recruiting within the state and federal prison systems were these members
are now incarcerated. Presently, Los Solidos and Latin Kings can get along in CT.
( CT-DOC)

Almighty Latin King/Queen Nation - New York City, New York

Two of the biggest leaders in the history of the New York-style Latin Kings were Luis “King
Blood” Felipe and Antonio “King Tone” Fernandez. These two individuals helped shape
the “Bloodline” Latin Kings as they are today in New York. Regularly, the New York Police
Department’s Gang Division arrests Latin Kings for firearms, narcotics distribution,
murders, and other felony crimes. Recently, New York City Latin Kings (ALKQN) have
been recruiting and reestablishing themselves in the drug trade and forming new chapters.
While they are less cohesive than in previous years, they are still the most organized and
second largest gang in New York City with approximately 2,500 members (the largest gang
in NYC being the Bloods).

Outside of New York City, in the suburbs (Nassau County, Suffolk County, Westchester
County, Rockland County, etc.), are approximately 1,000 additional members. Gangster
Killer Kings (GKK) is a tribe of Latin Kings who were from the Brushwich area of
Brooklyn, New York. There has been noted intelligence that Chicago has attempted to
entice some upstate and Bronx Kings to join up with them and follow the ways of the
Motherland, mostly Lord Gino’s chapters. In August, 2003, HBO showed a documentary
about the New York Latin Kings and King Tone. The Motherland (Chicago) was not pleased
and recently, efforts have been made by “King Tone” himself for more Bloodline Kings to
follow the Motherland. His projected release is in 2010.

Latin Kings in Florida

The “recognized” New York Kings Inca for Florida in 2004 was Jose “King Joey”
Rosado. King Joey was recently convicted on Armed Trafficking of Heroin charges. The
Chicago Latin Kings “recognized” Inca for Florida was Felix “King Speedy” Cuevas.
Cuevas is currently incarcerated in the Florida Department of Corrections. The Westside
Latin Kings in Polk County are not affiliated with Chicago or New York Latin Kings and will
wear red; this is because they were Latin Bloods before they were Latin Kings. Latin
Kings continue to be a serious Security Threat Group within the state.

Maniac Latin Disciples and Spanish Gangster Disciple Nation

The Spanish Gangster Disciple Nation (SGDN) was supposed to be an alliance of

“Folks.” It was to stand for “Spanish Growth & Development,” but the idea was short lived.
One of the most violent gangs in the Chicago area is the Maniac Latin Disciples. The
Maniac Latin Disciples grew strong around Rockwell and Potomac, now called the
“Twilight Zone.” Their hated enemies are the Latin Kings. The Latin Disciples started out in
the 1960s as a baseball team with Victor Gonzales as their leader. An individual named

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“King Hitler” later turned the Latin Disciples into a street gang. Hitler was killed in the
early 1970s by members of the Latin Kings.

To this day, the Maniac Latin Disciples use a swastika to commemorate his death, but
the symbol is usually backwards so as not to be confused with Aryan groups. They will also
use hooded monk figures and the letter “D.” The crossed pitchforks of the Disciples are also
usually included in Maniac Latin Disciples tattoos and graffiti. Their colors are black and
light blue. Maniac Latin Disciples have recently taken to identifying themselves by sporting
University of North Carolina jackets. Some Disciples wear Duke University jackets and claim
“Duke” means “Disciples Utilizing Knowledge Everyday.”

A Maniac Latin Disciple named “Pete the Burner” coined the phrase “Maniac” when in
open court the judge added years on to his sentence because he escaped from police
custody after being arrested for shooting at the police. He stated, “Go ahead give me the
time. I’m a Maniac!” and the phrase stuck. The Maniac Latin Disciples took over the
“Scorpions” gang’s clubhouse and some of the Scorpions later joined a Puerto Rican
Motorcycle gang called the “Hells Stompers,” but MLDs never started out as Scorpions.

A past Maniac Latin Disciple leader Fernando “Fernie” Zayas remains incarcerated in
the Illinois Department of Corrections. Many of the younger Maniac Latin Disciples (MLD)
do not even know him, and he is no longer in control of the gang. It was Fernie who
stopped the Spanish Gangster Disciple Nation concept. Gangster Disciple leader Larry
Hoover carried out “Growth & Development” for Black Folk gang members anyway which is
now called “Our Continued Growth.” The current MLD leader is Francisco “Pimp Daddy”
Garcia who is the brother of Enrique “Rick Dog” Garcia, “Prince” of the MLDs until he
was murdered. The Maniac Latin Disciples have 32 sets in and around Chicago. This
street gang can also be found in Michigan; Milwaukee, Wisconsin; Elgin, Waukegan, and
Cicero, Illinois; Florida; and in parts of the East Coast.

In April, 2001, a leader of the Maniac Latin Disciples drug organization and nine other
gang members or associates were convicted in federal court on drug conspiracy charges.
MLD leader Thomas “Outlaw” Ross and his “Outlawz” crew ran a massive crack cocaine
operation that sold mainly in the Wicker Park and Bucktown areas, which spanned more
than a decade. The trial offered an inside look at how the gang ran its drug business and
offered wiretapped telephone conversations from Ross and testimony from former gang
members. A ledger showed that Ross was bringing in hundreds of thousands of dollars
within six months in 1999. Three other high-ranking members of the gang were also
convicted, along with six lesser players in the drug ring. (Chicago Sun Times)

The Spanish Cobras were originally Maniac Latin Disciples and broke off later. The
Maniac Latin Disciples allowed Spanish Cobras to set up sections around Potomac and
Artesian and Campbell, just east of Rockwell and Potomac. They did this because they
would be a gang buffer zone. When Latin Kings would roll down Rockwell westbound from
Leavitt, they would have to pass through Spanish Cobras before they ever got to the
Maniac Latin Disciples. Spanish Cobras are another group who have been successful at
drug dealing and are also known for being very violent wherever they ran it.

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Chicago police have had many dealings with this gang including the recent investigation into
the murder of a 12-year-old kid Miguel DeLaRosa, who was shot July 2000 while riding on
his bicycle in the Humboldt Park area. Several member of this gang were also arrested in
January 2004, for their involvement in numerous counts of armed robberies, home invasion
robberies, and kidnapping. The robbery operation was well organized, with suspects using
two-way radios to communicate with each other during some of the crimes, in which they
entered the businesses wearing masks and robbed both employees and patrons at
gunpoint. The Spanish Cobras are closely associated with the Insane Family and will
sometimes wear Boston Celtics hats for the “C,” which stands for Cobras. Their colors are
also black and green and they also use a diamond shaped spear. The Latin Eagles are
also aligned with Folks. Their colors are gray and black. The Latin Eagle handsign are
arms across the chest with fingers extended as wings of the thumb, index and middle
fingers to make an “E” very similar to the 18th Street gang’s handsign, but in this case the
“E” is for eagle. The Spanish Cobras have been at war with the Latin Eagles now for
some time, and also recently, the Maniac Latin Disciples have gone to war with the Latin
Eagles. The Spanish Cobras and Maniac Latin Disciples are also at war with each other.
So they are not much of a so-called Folk alliance. (56)

REGIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENTS

Northwest

Washington

18th Street is also heavily represented in Eastern Washington and has just under 200
members in Washington State. Florencia also has about 200 members in Washington and
F13 continues to migrate into Washington and foster alliances with other Sureño gangs.

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Varrio Locos 13 (VL13) number about 350 members and are involved marijuana sales
and auto theft. Southside Locos 13 (SSL13) number about 150 members and have been
quiet since the takedown arrest of a SSL13 leader. Gangster Sureños Clica of South
Park had been very quiet due to one of its leaders being in custody and another fleeing out
of state, but they now appear to be reemerging with a few younger hard-core followers.

An MS member was armed and arrested in L.A. in late 2004 for the homicide of a Seattle
VL13 member. Before his arrest, this MS member got into a shootout with Federal Agents in
Federal Way, WA. He is suspected of involvement in several other shootings. Local MS
members were targeted during “Operation Community Shield”, but a local shot caller,
Yani “Lazy” Gonzales, only spent a couple of weeks in jail before he was out on the street
again. Mara Salvatrucha has been an up and down problem in the Seattle/King County,
Washington and currently number about 30 active members and associates. As soon as law
enforcement thinks they have combated the problem, additional Mara Salvatrucha gang
members come up from Los Angeles and El Salvador and commit additional violent crimes.
(ICE, State of Washington vs. Cisneros 2000)

There was a disturbance in late April, 2005, at the Washington State Pen between inmates
affiliated with the Black Gangster Disciples and Bloods versus Hispanic inmates affiliated
with Sur 13 or suspected associate members over disrespect issues by a BGD from
Seattle. The disturbance started out as two on one assault and escalated to approximately
two dozen inmates. Officers fired three sponge rounds to help quell the disturbance. The
Seattle, WA, area is starting to see more Black & Brown violence, in particular Sur 13 vs.
Bloods. The Yakima County Jail has also seen an upsurge in violence between Black
inmates from Seattle (206), who have been sent to YCJ because of overcrowding issues,
and local Sur 13 (509) inmates. Two Sur 13 inmates attacked prison staff over new feeding
policies at the WA State Penitentiary in March, 2006, prompting a lock-down of part of the
facility. (Seattle P-I)

Sureño gangs in Toppenish, Washington have continued to battle each other. East Side
Longos 13 and West Side Pomona 13 have been engaged in a war with Florencia 13.
Gang violence in the city of Yakima is down largely due to the Yakima P.D. Gang Unit.
Sureños continue recruiting and moving to Eastern Washington via I-90/87. There are an
additional 350+ Sureños who have been identified in Yakima County, with the biggest
cliques being Sur13 (generic), Lil Valley Locos, and Varrio Sur Locos. Many gang
members were in prison or moved away, but many prisoners and shotcallers are also
getting released from prison and this can cause an upsurge in violence.

Yakima, Washington was traditionally a heavy Norteño area so this creates on-going
friction. An estimated 400+ Norteños have been identified in Yakima County over the past
five years. The biggest cliques are Norteños (generic), Varrio Campo Vida 21, and North
Side Villains. In September, 2003, Nuestra Familia Captain “Skip” Villanueva was
involved in a stabbing incident at the BOP-Sheridan in Oregon. Some of the Norteños
involved were from the Yakima Valley. Mexican Nationals, Sureños, and Norteños are
involved in local drug rip-offs. Yakima Norteños have been involved in trafficking and large

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sales of methamphetamine in Montana. Networking by ILGIA has helped reduce the
Hispanic gang problem in the area.

Idaho

In Idaho, both Sureños and Norteños are still present and very active. Sureños continue
to migrate up the I-5 Corridor and over the I-90 Corridor. There has also been a large
amount of new recruits coming into the state from Texas and California. Many of Idaho’s
problems are from gang members infiltrating from bordering states like Oregon, Utah, and
Washington. Idaho has a few documented Brown Magic Clique, Brown Pride, and
Mexican Pride members. In February, 2005, a Nampa Police Officer was shot fives times
by a Brown Magic Clique gang member from the Nyssa, OR, area. The dominant Hispanic
gangs in the Treasure Valley of Idaho are mainly North Side Tiny Toons-Norteños, East
Side Locos, and West Side Lomas. There has been a large amount of activity between
the North Side Locos and West Side Lomas recently, including several shootings, a
homicide, and more graffiti than has been seen in years.

Montana

Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) are responsible for distributing most of
the methamphetamine, marijuana, cocaine and heroin in Montana. These organizations
have sources of supply in Colorado, the southwest border, the Pacific Northwest, and in
Mexico. Methamphetamine production and use remains the primary drug issue faced by law
enforcement. Sureño gangs, and a even Norteños, travel to Montana and are involved in
the Meth trade. A Varrio Loco 13 member from Seattle, was arrested for murder charges in
MT. Lil’ Valley Locos have also been identified in MT.
( DEA/AP)

Oregon

18th Street continues to have a large number of members in Oregon; however, some of the
main shot callers of one 18th Street faction were recently convicted for a gang homicide of
a rival Sureño and are no longer in favor. There are 18th Street members from Shatto
Park Locos, Tiny Winos, King Blvd., and 54th Street Tiny Locos in Oregon. Currently,
an alleged Sureño shotcaller at SRCI, hails from Rancho San Pedro in California.
Norteños are represented in Oregon also, but in far fewer numbers than Sureños.

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Norteños at TRCI are currently "cleaning house" amongst their own. There have been
several incidents involving Norteño vs. Norteño. There are a few "old school" Fresno
Bulldogs from California in OR-DOC that follow California politics of being neutral, but there
are some from Fresno that still consider themselves Norteños.

Utah

Sureños have in excess 35 different cliques identified in the state of Utah including: 18th
Street in fairly large numbers, Florencia 13, and MS13 have been documented in the state.
There is also a female clique called (sp) Sureños Por Vida (SPV). Many parts of the state
are rural and Nortenos have in excess of 13 different cliques identified in Utah, including
Barrio Santa Rosa (BSR). Independent gangs include Brown Pride some which associate
with Surenos and other that associate with Nortenos. King Mafia Disciples were a
Chicago-style hybrid group that is pretty much defunct after some of the leadership was
targeted in a RICO case. “Murder-1” is an alliance of Nortenos and Independents that
joined forces to fight the growing Sureño invasion. Q-VO was the biggest independent Utah
gang, but has had problems in recent years when one of the middle aged Q-VO members
killed an older Veterano. This caused a split in the group. It is unknown if the Pee-Wees
coming up with remain loyal to the older faction of Q-VO or the new faction.

Wyoming

On February 22, 2004, officials from the U.S. Attorney's Office for the District of Wyoming
and the Wyoming Division of Criminal Investigation (DCI) announced the results of a 5-year
investigation of members of a Mexican criminal group allegedly responsible for transporting
more than 1,000 pounds of methamphetamine from Yakima (WA) to the Big Horn Basin in
northern Wyoming. The investigation began in 1999 following a Wyoming Highway Patrol
traffic stop that resulted in the seizure of approximately one-half gram of methamphetamine
and documents that revealed the existence of the Yakima-based criminal group led by two
brothers. Several of the members of this group were also affiliated with the Varrio Campo
Vida 21 Norteños gang. Investigators determined that since 1996 the group used private
vehicles to transport more than 1,000 pounds of methamphetamine into the Big Horn Basin.
At least 65 members or associates of the group co-conspirators, distributors, or abusers
have either pled guilty or been convicted of various methamphetamine-related offenses.
The two brothers who led the organization were convicted in April 2003 for conspiracy to
deliver methamphetamine and attempting to deliver methamphetamine. ( AP)

SOUTHWEST

California

In Sacramento, California, Hispanic gang members have taken over the majority of
methamphetamine sales and production once controlled by Outlaw Motorcycle Gangs.
There has been a continuation of Hispanic gang members attacking non-gang affiliated

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Black families. These are often hate crimes associated with changing demographics. The
main concern in the Los Angeles area has been the frequency of violent acts toward law
enforcement, especially Sureño assaults and homicides of officers. The enactment of the
Three Strikes Law has had a major influence on the upswing in attacks on officers, but it is
just one of many factors. Both Sureños and Norteños continue to voice their violent
messages via the “Gangster Rap” business. (IPD, LAPD, LASO)

Before 2004, the Mongols MC and 18th Street were beefing and the EME declared war on
the Mongols. The disputes were allegedly over the Mongols recruiting street gang
members and over drug disputes. The Mongols in the San Fernando Chapter were
eventually infiltrated by ATF Agent Billy Queen. The Mongols, are strongest in California,
but are also active in Mexico have also been dealing with a resurgence in their war with
Hells Angels. In 2002, members of the Mongols and Hells Angels got into a deadly brawl
in Laughlin, NV, that left three people dead and dozens hurt. (ATF)

In April, 2004, a Pomona 12th Street Gang member killed a CHP Officer in order to
impress older members of the gang. Valentino Mitchell Arenas pled guilty to first-degree
murder of Officer Thomas Steiner and admitted the special circumstances of murder of a
police officer, lying in wait, and murder during a drive-by shooting, said Deputy District
Attorney Linda Loftfield.

The P12 Sharkies are a very old clique and has been responsible for a lot of violence,
including multiple murders over the past 50 years. It claims its turf as much of south
Pomona. The gang, which has close ties to the Mexican Mafia, uses a shark as its symbol.
Since this shooting, there have been multiple efforts to target gang members in the area, in
particular, P12. ( L.A. District Attys. Office)

In August, 2004, an injunction was put in place targeting one of the L.A.'s oldest street
gangs. The preliminary injunction against the 38th Street Gang, which dates back to the
1920s, was approved by Superior Court Judge David Yaffe. The gang has about 350
members who are known for drug dealing, street muggings, extortion of local businesses
and an auto theft ring, officials said. The injunction bans some named individuals from the
Alameda Swap Meet without the owner's written permission and from having replica guns
that allegedly have been used to terrorize residents. “The 38th Street gang is destroying the
legitimate businesses here at the swap meet”, said a government official. ( L.A. Times)

In February of 2005, Evil Klan gang members were involved in a vehicular pursuit with
LAPD 77th Division. During the pursuit Evil Klan engaged LAPD officers in a shoot out,
fortunately no officers were hurt. Most recently, On April 11, 2005, an Inglewood 13 gang
member along with another gangster from Rascals Maravilla (an East LA Hispanic gang),
was responsible for the shooing of two La Habra Police Officers (Orange County) during a
traffic stop. Apparently the officers were unaware that the suspects had just committed a
robbery in the area. In March, 2006, Hector Marroquin Sr., the founder of an anti-gang
center called "No Guns" was arrested after police found a gun in his home. His son,
"Junior/Little Weasel," was taken into custody in connection with a home-invasion robbery.
They have prior ties to the 18th Street Gang and the Mexican Mafia.

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In March, 2005, an MS gang member on trial for two slayings spat a razor blade out of his
mouth and used it to slash his attorney's arm in a San Fernando courtroom. Erik Morales
inflicted a 2½-inch gash on Linda Wieder's right bicep, authorities said. Wieder, a deputy
alternate public defender, was treated at local hospital, where she received five stitches.
Los Angeles County Sheriff Lee Baca, who is responsible for courtroom security said, "We
have to stop this from happening again. You can only make this mistake once. The question
is, how could the system break down?" He said Morales was a "K-10"the highest security
level defendant possible. Baca said Morales was wearing a "stealth belt," which is designed
to secure his wrists to his waist. But during the trial, the belt had been loosened so that the
restraints were less visible to jurors. Morales was arrested in Oregon and had ties to MS
shotcaller Nelson Comandari. This is not the first time such a risk has happened,
previously it has been documented that a Compton Tortilla Flats did a similar thing and
slashed his lawyer in court with a razor hidden under his eye lid. (LASD)

In June, 2005, the Ventura County D.A. made a permanent injunction against the Colonia
Chiques gang in Oxnard, California. Authorities contend the Chiques, including parolees
who joined the Mexican Mafia in prison, are the county's most violent gang and were
involved in multiple homicides in Oxnard before the injunction was first announced in March,
2004. The injunction prohibits them from assembling in public, flashing gang signs, wearing
Dallas Cowboys attire and staying out past 10 pm within the designated safety zone, which
covers roughly half of the populated area of the city. (L.A. Times)

In late June, 2005, police arrested a suspect in the case of Los Angeles County Deputy
Jerry Ortiz, who was fatally shot in Hawaiian Gardens, CA. Hawaiian Gardens is the same
neighborhood that EME founder Louis “Huero” Flores was from. "This was an
assassination of a deputy," Sheriff Lee Baca said. "It was a sudden attack that gave the
deputy no chance." Deputies identified the suspect as Jose Luis Orozco, 27, a parolee
wanted on suspicion of attempted murder in another case. Deputy Ortiz, hoped to become a
detective soon, had worked for the Sheriff's Department for fifteen years and was known as
an extremely hard worker whose job was to penetrate the inner workings of local gangs.
(LASD)

In mid-June, 2005, longtime EME member Pete “Sana” Ojeda was arrested in Orange
County, CA. In 1992, he gained recognition across the state when he allegedly tried to
broker peace among Orange County's warring street gangs. His profile rose a short time
later when the truce collapsed in a new round of violence after he was arrested and sent to
federal prison for seven years for being a felon in possession of a gun. Ojeda stayed out of
the news after his parole in 2000 until June 15, when his mug shot appeared at the top of an
organizational pyramid of men rounded up in the RICO sweep.

The indictment alleged that 16 of the defendants participated in a conspiracy to violate the
Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO). The RICO charge alleges
dozens of overt acts that members of the organization committed to expand the power and
control of the enterprise. Detailing conduct in 2004 and early 2005, the RICO count accuses

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Ojeda and others of demanding taxes from numerous street gangs and others who wanted
to distribute drugs in Orange County, coordinating the collection of taxes from Orange
County Jail inmates who were selling drugs, and ordering assaults for failing to pay taxes or
for showing disrespect to the Ojeda Organization. Assaults were conducted when a "green
light" was placed on the offending gang or gang member, meaning the gang or gang
member would be assaulted by members of the Ojeda Organization or those doing its
bidding. (Orange County Register)

According to the reorganized CA Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation (CDCR) the

Mexican Mafia uses Pelican Bay inmate trust accounts to launder money. Officials froze
the inmate trust accounts of fourteen Mexican Mafia members and investigated if the prison
gang is laundering drug money through the most secure prison in the state. In a Sept. 1
audit, corrections investigators discovered that two Mexican Mafia members in Pelican Bay
State Prison's Security Housing Unit (SHU) each had more than $20,000 in their accounts.
Two others had more than $10,000 and seven other members of the “La EME" had
accounts ranging from $1,700 to $5,200, prison officials said. Raul “Huero Sherm” Leon
from San Diego still has a lot of clout in the prison gang. (CDCR)

In July, 2005, police raided the Vineland Boyz Gang just north of L.A. in Antelope, Santa
Clarita, and San Fernando Valleys in a another bid to break a street gang responsible for
the deaths of two police officers. The Vineland Boyz, a tight-knit gang that grew out of a
football team in the late 1980s, was one of the most violent street gangs in the San
Fernando Valley, but it operated primarily as a business, trading in narcotics and high end
illegal weapons and stealing big-ticket appliances from construction sites, according recent
federal indictments. The gang became the focus of law enforcement in November 2003,
when reputed member David Garcia allegedly fatally shot Burbank Police Officer Matthew
Pavelka near the Bob Hope Airport and fled across the Mexican border. In 1988, a 16-year
old Vineland member shot rookie Los Angeles PO James Beyea during an arrest in North
Hollywood. ( L.A. Times)

Currently in 2006, the Eighteen Street (106 clique) is still battling Inglewood Trece and
they have been going back and forth with multiple shootings. This war is expected to
continue. Inglewood 13 is currently fighting with Bloods and other traditional Hispanic
gangs. Most recently, Inglewood 13 has being battling 18 Street, and Queen Street
Bloods/Neighborhood Piru Bloods. This is not to mention their traditional nemesis
Lennox 13 and Culver City Boys. As a result of the most recent shoot outs between
Bloods and Inglewood 13, there have been several shooting victims and homicides. The
20th St MS13 clique in San Francisco formed in the Mission District in the early 1990s.
They will align with SF 19th Street Surenos against SF Nortenos in custody. The majority
of the 20th St MS13 clique are Salvadorans, but recently there has been a trend of
Southern Mexican Mayan Indians joining the clique. These are mostly from the State of
Chiapas or Yucatan Peninsula. Because they know many SFPD speak Spanish, they will
often communicate in Mayan which may cause an officer safety issue.

The Sureño invasion of Northern California continues. There has been an increase of
North-South violence in the Bay Area. Nuestra Familia members and associates,

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including Robert "Bubba" Hanrahan, were arrested in late August 2004 for running a
drug house. The last of the NF Generals and Captains were sent to the BOP ADX at
Florence, CO in late 2005. There has been some dissention in the NF over who has the
power to tax who. While there was some confusion and disruption to their operations, most
analysts expect the group to come back as it has so many times before. Right now, it
appears the sole NF General is David “D.C.” Cervantes. The NF RICO trial did disrupt the
balance of power shared by Norteños on the street.

There have been recent sightings of Aryan Peckerwoods associating with Nortenos in
Central California. There have also been disputes between Nortenos and Black gangs at
San Quentin State Prison. This may signal a shifting in traditional alliances? Law
Enforcement Agencies in Central California are also reporting signs of Latin Kings in the
area. At this time the Nortenos and the Latin Kings have an alliance. California has had a
few Latin Kings over the years, but to date have posed little threat. Norteños are very
active in the Central California Joaquin Valley. On January 12, 2005, the U.S. Attorney's
Office for the Eastern District of California announced the arrests of 44 individuals, twenty of
whom were identified as members or associates of the Norteños street gang based in
Modesto on federal and state drug and firearms related charges. The sweep was conducted
in an effort to reduce violent gang-related activity in the city stemming from criminal and
drug trafficking activities of the Norteños street gang and affiliated gangs.

The arrests culminated a 10-month investigation targeting suspected trafficking of illegal

drugs and firearms in and around Modesto. The Stanislaus County Gang Task Force has
helped reduce much of the possession of illegal firearms, drug trafficking, and gang violence
in the area including nearby Merced, CA.

In 2005, the West Sacramento Police Department has obtained a court order barring a
known gang from engaging in a wide variety of activities within a three-square mile area of
the town. The injunction affects approximately 350 members of the Broderick Boys gang.
West Sacramento police obtained the injunction on the argument that certain "public
nuisance" activities on the part of the Broderick Boys have historically led to more serious
and violent criminal conduct. Police want to head off criminal activity in a town whose
demographics are rapidly changing with a booming population and several new housing
developments and businesses. (Sacramento Bee)

A new prison gang that is being monitored is called the Northern Riders (NR). Evidently,
they started at DVI in 2000 and spread to San Quentin Prison. The Northern Riders are
known to use the following codes: “7-Step Huelga Bird”, “Total 14. 714'R”, “7N14er”, “7
Ryder Wayz”, and the “712.98.52.12.78” which is an unknown code. Law enforcement
sources say the name “Nueva Flores”, grammatically incorrect Spanish for "New Flowers,"
began as a joke to mock the Nuestra Familia. Nueva Flores first appeared in prisons after
Nuestra Familia members in Pelican Bay State Prison began to drop out of the gang in the
late 1990s. After they were "debriefed" by prison gang investigators, the inmates were sent
to special protective yards. Although they had left the Nuestra Familia gang, not all of them
left their gangster ways, a law enforcement official said. "Initially 100 or so were put on
those yards, and (the prisons) brought in brand-new releases from county jails, in the hope

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that would keep them out of the prison gangs. But the new kids didn't know those guys were
dropouts. They thought they were big-time gangsters," the official said. "New Flowers was
born. So they had to revalidate them as gang members and get them out of there." The
gang is now much more prevalent on the streets than in prisons. The California Department
of Corrections and Rehabilitation considers New Flowers a "disruptive group," the
designation it gives street gangs who are disruptive. (CA-DOJ, CDCR)

The majority of Hispanic gang problems in California are still Surenos, Nortenos, and
Bulldogs. Within the Fresno area, Law Enforcement officials continue to target the
“Bulldogs” with gang injunctions with the latest emphasis on the “Parkside Bulldogs”.
Fresno Bulldogs are a major housing problem for the California Department of Corrections
and Rehabilitation, as they seldom get along with anybody. The F-14 (Fresno Bulldogs)
have also caused major disturbances at the Fresno County Jail. Fresno Bulldogs are
involved in methamphetamine sales and are expanding out of the area. Different Bulldog
groups will even fight among themselves.

Nevada

Sureños continue to invade parts of the Southwestern United States. Las Vegas and Reno,
Nevada, have huge gaming industries. Sureños, and to a lessor extent Norteños, have
parents who work in hotels, restaurants, gaming or other businesses. The parents are often
Hispanic immigrants who work long hours and may not be aware that their children are into
gang activities. The Sureño influence in the Incline Village, NV area has declined but they
are still very active in Reno around Montello Street and other parts of Reno and Sparks. In
NV-DOC Sureños are a major security threat and Mi Raza Unida (MRU) prison gang is
no longer the threat they once were.

Colorado

Since the Federal Bureau of Prisons ADX-Supermax is in Florence, Colorado, the state is of
interest to California EME. A Colorado shotcaller named Anthony “Chappy” Chapparo is
said to be in direct contact with Adolph “Champ” Reynoso, longtime EME shotcaller from
California. There have been riots between Norteños who number about 300 and Sureños
who number about 900 in CO-DOC. The Gallant Knights Insane (GKI) now have a shaky
truce with Sureños on the West Side of Denver. They are the most active and went to war
in 2001. There is also a gang called Los Primeros Padres (LPP or The First Fathers)
which is a minor threat at this time. Longmont, Colorado and a few other areas have
reported Norteños and there have been small confrontations from time to time. In July,
2004, inmates from WA State (many gang affiliated) rioted at a Colorado CCA facility in
Crowley County causing extensive damage.

On August 2, 2005, federal indictments were unsealed and law enforcement officials began
arresting gang members known as the GKI-Gallant Knights Insane. The GKI are a home
grown Denver Based gang which got started in the mid-80s on Denver’s west side. The
investigation took about two years to complete and as a result when the gang members

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were arrested large quantities of drugs, cash, securities and weapons were confiscated.
The GKI have a strong foothold in the correctional system and at times have been very
problematic.

Sureños have flourished in Colorado. Some of the cliques represented are 18th Street,
Florencia 13, and generic Sur 13. Sureño activity continues to be a problem in many
Colorado communities in 2006 and Sur 13 graffiti is on the rise in some areas of Colorado.
The conflict between California and Colorado Sureños in the prison system has leveled off
to some degree. This can partially be attributed to zero tolerance policy and shot callers
being administratively segregated in CO-DOC.

Arizona

The Arizona area is experiencing a growing local threat from the street gang Mara
Salvatrucha. MS13 contacts with local agencies have been consistently on the rise, and we
are noticing a growing number of these members incarcerated in our facilities. Crimes
associated in Arizona so far with Mara Salvatrucha have been primarily linked to the
smuggling of illegal immigrants into the U.S. and narcotics distribution. Intelligence officers
from the Maricopa County Sheriff’s Office first began tracking MS 13 movement in the state
of Arizona about 2002. This proactive monitoring of the gang has enabled MCSO to be on
top of much of the movement and trends before the gang hit the local and national news. So
far, the number of MS members documented in the state have been low compared to other
groups in Arizona but the number of MS arrested is growing slightly. Most have admitted
being picked up in Arizona while en route to somewhere else. Maricopa County SO has
dealt with career criminals who threaten the community by sending them to state and
federal facilities for long terms.

Other Sureños numbers are growing in the state as well. Arizona continues to have
problems between Mexican National inmates (Paisas) and the prison gang "Border
Brothers", as well as problems between Mexican Nationals and Surenos. The problems are
mainly due to the high number of Paisas in inmate populations compared to the low number
of other races. This gives the Paisas a sense of empowerment which they take advantage
of while being held in Arizona facilities. There have been a few Latin Kings identified in
Arizona per the BOP, but pose no major threat at this time.

A major trial against New Mexican Mafia members in Arizona resulted in many convictions
with some going to the BOP. Monitoring this Security Threat Group while in custody will be
important. The Cisneros crime family were Sureños from Phoenix. They were used by the
AZ EME as drug suppliers and did mutual business for each other, i.e. murder for hire. They
had issues with some of the AZ EME members even though they had this "business
relationship." They may even be on "green light" status with the AZ EME. However, in the
Federal BOP they will surely enjoy their status as Sureños. Meanwhile, the AZ EME still
has issues with California EME due to the split of AZ Old EME and AZ New EME. They
also have major problems with Sureños housed in AZ-DOC due to this ongoing feud. The
AZ EME also objected to a lot of Intel Federal Probation put in their pre-sentence reports

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which will be sent to BOP. They particularly wanted references to their obstruction of justice
charges where they plotted to kill an ILGIA member and his partner. Through legal
wrangling they were able to have some of the Intel about them removed. The AZ EME are
dangerous and will continue to be dangerous no matter where they land. Phoenix, Arizona,
is also experiencing an increase in Hispanic gang involvement in local narcotics sales,
particularly with methamphetamine.

New Mexico

In New Mexico, Cuban criminal groups, street gangs, and local independent dealers
purchase powdered cocaine from Mexican drug trafficking organizations and Mexican
criminal groups within the state and convert it to crack for retail distribution. Prison gangs
like Los Padilla, Los Carnales, and the Sindicato Nuevo Mexico (SNM) are still very
active but being impacted by the growth of Sureños in the state. The founder of the SNM
died in November, 2003, and there has been a power struggle within the SNM.

The New Mexico Corrections Department (NMCD) has experienced a big increase in
Sureños 13 activity. The NMCD Security Threat Intelligence Unit recently conducted
statewide proactive assessments based on-going violence between Sureno 13 members
and the Sindicato Nuevo Mexico (SNM). Over the past 22 years, the SNM has been the
most prominent group in the NMCD, and has orchestrated many violent acts against other
inmates and street gang members. The SNM maintains an ongoing rivalry with the Los
Carnales prison gang, the second most prominent group in the NMCD.

Through the 1980s and 90s, SNM and Los Carnales were at war with ongoing retaliatory
hits and murders. The SNM has burnt bridges with all other Security Threat Groups,
Disruptive Groups, and street gangs represented in the NMCD. Some of which include
Barrio Azteca, Aryan Brotherhood, Nevada Aryan Warriors, Utah Aryan Nation,
Natural Black Family, California and New Mexico Sureño 13 Factions, Crazy Town
Roswell, Los Padilla's street gang, and Las Cruces area street gangs . Members of
these groups now have exhibited informal and formal alignment with Los Carnales.

In 1998, the NMCD formed the Security Threat Intelligence Unit and began to proactively
address the gang problem that was in full effect. Many SNM and Los Carnales leaders
were segregated in accordance with a level system classification, reflecting on behavioral
based segregation. The SNM and Los Carnales maintain the ongoing rivalry which has
been stabilized in regards to the reduction of violent confrontations through the unified
efforts of the Classification System and the Security Threat Intelligence Unit. Intelligence
attained through the recent statewide assessments has revealed that California original
Sureño 13 members recognize and align themselves with only one particular group of New
Mexico Sureños. This group has been identified as the Tortilla Flats Sureño 13 action
that set up shop in Deming, New Mexico in 1995. An individual with California ties by the
name of Cesar Rodriguez, (aka Crazy Bird) imported the Tortilla Flats ideologies and
began recruiting NM Sureños from Deming, NM. Crazy Bird and a few other California
Sureños incorporated the Deming Tortilla Flats to coincide with California Sureños
ideologies. At this time, no other NM Sureños factions are recognized or accepted.

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Other New Mexico Sureños are now exhibiting a high disregard for the California Sureños
and the Deming Tortilla Flats Sureños based on their recent exhibitions of inflated egos,
and their blatant attempts to direct criminal activities of assaults, control of the drug trade,
and checking of other inmates. California Sureños 13 and Deming Tortilla Flats Sureños
have targeted SNM members in methodical and violent fashions. Since the onset of the war
between the SNM and Sureños which was initially sparked in November of 2004, there
have been large scale violent confrontations at the Southern New Mexico Correctional
Facility, Lea County Correctional Facility, Guadalupe County Correctional Facility, and the
Penitentiary of New Mexico Level Five Facility. SNM members and Sureño 13 members
have now been separated in regards to housing assignments. The Sureños 13 factions
presently have not shown any indication of coordinated leadership, or coordinated
measures to directly target staff for assault. Their primary target continues to be undercover
SNM members and SNM associates. Intelligence indicates that the SNM is focused on
targeting Sureño 13 factions on an opportunistic basis. Intelligence indicates that the
segregated leadership of the SNM are attempting to clean house in their own backyard
based on the failure of some SNM members and associates to carry out assaults on
Sureño 13 and Los Carnales members.

Sureño 13 activity continues to pose a threat based on the on-going assaults of SNM
members and SNM associates, and, continues to pose a threat based on the exhibition of
attempting to gain control of illegal activities. SNM and Los Carnales concerns are ongoing
due to the methodical efforts to carry out assaults on each other, assault of members on
bad terms, assaults on other inmates, and the ongoing targeting of staff for assault. The
New Mexico Gang and Terrorism Task Force, member agencies, and other law
enforcement agencies are currently providing testimony in support of gang legislation
contained House Bills 60 and 65 during the legislative session in 2006.

Texas

Currently the Texas Syndicate has a shaky “peace treaty” with the Mexikanemi in the
Bureau of Prisons, but do not trust them. Texas Syndicate are also engaged in a war with
Border Brothers and Paisas in Texas and in the Bureau of Prisons. There have been
problems with the Houston Tangos and some indication that some Texas Syndicate
members from Dallas are now aligned with the Dallas Tango or homeboy clique, and are
disassociating from Texas Syndicate. Tangos from different Texas cities will still back up
Texas Syndicate and other Tejano gangs to fight the Sureño invasion. It appears that any
Texas Syndicate Sur faction is no more, in spite of recent attempts to sign a treaty in the
Bureau of Prisons.

There have been recent assaults on Texas Syndicate on Southern Hispanic yards in the
California Department of Corrections and the Texas Department of Criminal Justice.
Nuestra Familia members have recently asked Texas Syndicate members for peace and
were given permission to co-exist with them in the BOP. Many TS now go to leader Arnulfo
“Popo” Nino in the BOP who appears to have won against the TS pro-Sur13 faction on
any efforts for the TS to make peace with CA EME. The TS continue to communicate with

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each other even in high security units. Based on an investigation by Austin FBI Gang Task
Force, several telephone calls were intercepted from Texas Syndicate members, namely
Pete “Pajaro” Diaz, an influential TS leader, in the Darrington prison near Houston. When
investigators raided his cell, he flushed the cell phone down the toilet. But the prison traps
its sewers, so when officials checked the traps, they found the phone and several others.
( BOP, TDCJ)

Two major RICO operations in the 1990s, executed on the streets by law enforcement with
the help of Texas Department of Criminal Justice, played a major impact on Texas Mexican
Mafia operations. As a result, key ranking EME members are incarcerated in the Bureau of
Prisons. However, others will pick up and continue on. Currently the Mexikanemi also has a
large presence in the federal system, and shows no signs of stopping, recruitment and
illegal activities, both inside and outside of prison. There was some disagreement in the
organization over elections, but Reynaldo “Rey” Ramirez is now the Mexikanemi
General in the BOP. “Blackie” Angiano is still a General in TDCJ.

The Mexikanemi continues to pose a serious threat within Texas Department of Criminal
Justice where there are over 1,600 validated members in prison and on the streets there are
many more supporters. Currently, the Mexikanemi and California Mexican Mafia can get
along due to their “very close past ties.” This could be a major concern if they consolidate
their power in “Aztlan” as they call San Antonio and also refer to the entire Southwest
United States. Internal murders continue for control and positions of power.

Traditionally, Mexikanemi criminal activities have been centered in large urban areas.
However, since 1997, an expansion of their criminal activities was detected in rural areas.
This trend is generally attributed to two main factors: An increase of members from smaller
communities during the TDCJ inmate explosion in the 1990s, and their migration into virgin
territory where less law enforcement monitoring of prison gang’s activities existed. Most
rural law enforcement is completely unaware of the culture and dynamics of prison gangs.
Unlike street gangs, prison gangs are often under the “radar screen” of law enforcement.
Rural law enforcement does not have the resources or the experience involved in
conducting this type of organized criminal investigations. Unchecked, this group can flood a
small community with drugs and increase the local violence. Ideally, federal task forces are
best suited for this kind of complex and multi-jurisdictional investigation.

In 1999, the Texas Governor’s Office conducted a study of gangs in Texas and found that
the Mexikanemi controlled about 75% of the heroin trade in the State. Traditionally, the
group’s “choice of poison” has been heroin, but over the years, they have expanded their
trade into other drug markets. The Mexikanemi has become a “gatekeeper” and
“mercenaries” for the Mexican Drug Cartel along the border. The Mexikanemi continues to
be targeted by law enforcement. Federal agents raided several homes across San Antonio
in August 2004, and arrested 28 members of the Texas Mexican Mafia. Among those
arrested was Mexikanemi General Daniel "Gumby" Leza. Amid a period of internal strife,
incarcerated leaders of the Texas Mexican Mafia chose Daniel "Gumby" Leza to head its
drug rackets in San Antonio, the government alleges. The choice did not please everyone,
authorities said, particularly those gangsters faithful to his predecessor, Carlos "Wero"

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Rodriguez, who was killed in a daring noontime shooting in June 2003. He was killed in
front of a rehab clinic and was wearing lots of expensive jewelry when he was riddled with
bullets in his white Corvette. About a year after Rodriguez's death, someone tried but failed
to take the life of Leza by slashing his throat. On November 1, 2004, (the day after
Halloween) Rodriguez’ brother Antonio Rodriguez was found in the trunk of a car. He was
said to have been at a drug house the previous night and was shot to death even though he
was wearing a protective vest.

The Barrio Aztecas and Mexikanemi control heroin and Rohypnol in El Paso, Texas.
Rohypnol and other illegal prescription drugs are increasingly being transported across the
border from Mexico. These prescription drugs are readily available in Mexico and are
becoming more popular to traffic because there is no need for a production laboratory and
they are relatively low-cost. Additionally, law enforcement officials in El Paso are seeing a
new generation of heroin users among gang members. In Houston, Texas, paint and glue
sniffing is still very common. Barrio Aztecas and Partido Revolucion Mexicano (PRM)
are having a power struggle within TDCJ and other Mexican National prison gangs such as
the Mexicas, Mexicles in the Juarez, Mexico, and El Paso, Texas area.

There is also growing concern over the violent activities of the Zetas of the Gulf Cartel and
rival groups armed by “Chapo” Guzman across the Texas border in Nuevo Laredo.
Recently, drug traffickers posing as Mexican Army have ventured into U.S. territory. 18th
Street and MS13 are usually rival group and both groups are present in TX. In separate
cases, two prominent MS leaders were caught in 2005 by Law Enforcement. ILGIA received
confirmation that Nelson Comandari-Varela, DOB 8/29/77, #16587-179, was popped by
the DEA in the Houston area. He is both feared by all MS cliques, respected by guys like
"Homies Unidos" Alex Sanchez, and hated by many MS for his power and money yet he
did not come up the hard way like many MS Soldados did.

Comandari was a shotcaller with the Hollywood Locos clique. Comandari had ties all
over the U.S., in Los Angeles, California, Washington State, Texas, and New York. He was
housed 2005-06 in the New York Metropolitan Correctional Center of the BOP. Also
arrested near Falfurrias, Texas, was Ever Anibal Rivera Paz, aka “El Culiche” (The
Tapeworm), DOB 10/08/1975, Honduran ID#: 0508-1975-00366. He was identified as the
#1 MS13 in Honduras per ILGIA contacts. Long before he became known to federal
authorities as a Honduran gang lord, “Culiche” was regularly picked up by San Francisco
police, largely for drug- related crimes, government officials said. He was in the country
illegally, but wasn't deported until 1996, two years after his first arrest, records show.
Immigration officials aren't sure why, but they say it may be because he was classified as a
juvenile, making it harder to deport him. He was sentenced to seven months in prison for
illegally re-entering the country and was expected to be deported after his sentence, U.S.
Attorney Chuck Rosenberg announced. He is accused of masterminding a December,
2004, bus massacre of twenty-eight people in Honduras, most of them women and children.

Mid-West
Illinois

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California-based Norteños and Sureños are now being identified in suburban Chicago
and are involved in conflicts stemming from rivalries in California. In recent years, California
gang members have been fingered in shootings or stabbings in Elgin, Joliet, West Chicago,
Addison, Franklin Park, and Bensenville, Illinois. Norteños have been found in North
Chicago, West Chicago, Aurora, Cary, Crystal Lake, Elgin, Palatine, Schaumburg,
Streamwood and Woodstock, Illinois. 18th Street has been found in West Chicago, Aurora,
Woodridge, Downers Grove and Naperville, Illinois. Sureño gangs or members are
scattered around the greater Chicago area.

Mara Salvatrucha is in virtually every major U.S. city and the Chicago area is no different.
There have been alliances shown between California-style gangs and Chicago-style gangs
on Internet websites. Latin Kings continue to be involved in forging documents. A set of
bogus documents can fetch more than $100 from immigrants who use the papers to find
work. The counterfeits are used to circumvent a 1986 law requiring employees to show
proof they can legally work in this country. The Latin Kings entered the phony documents
trade through an association with Mexico-based organizations that need access to gang
territories to make sales. In recent years, authorities have made several seizures of
counterfeit documents in Chicago that have been linked to the Castorena family of
Guadalajara, Mexico reputedly headed by Alfonso Castorena. Documents in Chicago’s
Little Village neighborhood, an area mostly populated by Mexicans, had an estimated street
value at $2 million dollars. The slaying of Latin Kings gangster Rudy “Kato” Rangel Jr.,
was immortalized by New York rapper DMX in his song “Yo Kato.” Rangel was wearing
$350,000 in gold and diamonds when he was shot several times in June, 2003. Word on the
street is some of the younger Kings think “Lord Gino” is making too much money from the
proceeds of their operations. Currently, there is a big inner-King beef between The
Motherland, (Spaulding) and K/C Kings, (Kedzie/Cortez Kings), over selling rock
cocaine as opposed to marijuana. Intelligence suggests there may be a Latin Kings power
struggle in the future. Violence may extend to the community and demand more officer
involvement. Mid-West gangs are an officer safety hazard. An Ambrose gang member,
Hector “He-Man” Delgado, killed Chicago Police Department Officer Brian Strouse in June
2001. Jose Padilla, arrested after 9/11 as the “Dirty Bomber,” was identified in the
newspapers as a Latin King. Padilla was actually a Maniac Latin Disciple while he was
in Chicago. In spite of the media’s error, it is true this case shows how street gang members
can be more sophisticated, organized, and radicalized during their incarceration.

Wisconsin

Madison, WI, has both L.A. and Chicago based gangs. South Side Locos (SSL 13) tend to
be Mexican Nationals some connection to Juarez, MX. The Sureño based gang from
L.A., Clantones 14 also has connections with Milwaukee C-14. The Mexican Syndicate
Locos (MSLS), also known as 8-Ball, have more of the Mexican-American/Chicano kids.
Younger off-shoots of this gang are Chicano Pride Association (CPA) and Mexican

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Brown Pride (MBP). Madison has a gang calling themselves Ojos Rojos, they are
Mexican Nationals out of Puebla, MX, and it a group of kids all related to each other.
Although their color is red they are not Norteños. They call themselves Ojos Rojos after
the color of fighting bull’s eyes. There are some Maniac Latin Disciples (MLD) in the
Madison area. The Latin Kings are mostly located outside of Madison, in the Sun Prairie
and DeForest areas of Dane County. According to sources in Beloit, WI, the Latin Kings
and Folk gangs are having problems in that area.

On October 12, 2005, members of the Milwaukee HIDTA Drug/Gang Task Force arrested
fifty-two members of the Latin Kings street gang. The Latin Kings were indicted on
racketeering charges in the largest RICO prosecution ever done in the state of Wisconsin to
date. The investigation was dubbed ‘Operation Royal Flush’, and was the result of a two
and a half year investigation into the activities of the Latin Kings. The 38 count indictment
charged the Latin Kings with 7 murders, 38 attempted murders, kidnapping, distribution of
cocaine, crack cocaine, and marijuana. If convicted, the defendants face up to life
imprisonment on the racketeering charges and from 10 years to life on the drug conspiracy
charge. Some of those indicted are from Chicago chapters of the Latin Kings who were
controlling the Milwaukee chapters.

The Milwaukee L/K’s were considered part of the Northwest Region which is controlled by
the Chicago Latin Kings. Milwaukee was previously controlled by the Little Village Region
from Chicago. In 1998, after being prosecuted on RICO charges, 34 Latin Kings in
Milwaukee were convicted and sentenced to lengthy jail terms. Recently, a state and federal
investigation into the Latin Kings on the Lac Courte Oreilles (LCO) Indian Reservation
near Hayward, Wisconsin resulted in the convictions of 36 Latin Kings members on murder
and drug conspiracy charges. Four of the defendants in the LCO Reservation indictment
were also indicted in the recent Milwaukee RICO prosecution. The LCO Latin Kings
operated under the direction, although independently, of the Milwaukee Latin Kings.
These indictments have significantly impacted gang activity in the Milwaukee area and the
entire state of Wisconsin.

The Latin Kings, a People Nation affiliated gang, was the largest Hispanic gang in
Milwaukee prior to the indictments. In Milwaukee, the Latin Kings allow all races and
ethnicities in the gang, as long as they have some Latin ethnicity. They could be referred to
as an “equal opportunity gang”. The Milwaukee HIDTA also dismantled the local chapter of
the Maniac Latin Disciples street gang through the arrest and prosecution of 21 members
of the Milwaukee MLD’s. The MLD’s no longer control any turf, and have no leadership in
place. Perhaps the best tell-tale sign of success is that rival gang members say ‘the MLD’s
are done in Milwaukee’. The MLD’s are a Folk Nation affiliated gang.

The south-side of Milwaukee is populated primarily with Hispanic gangs. Since the Latin
Kings RICO, the Mexican Posse (MP) gang is poised to be the largest Hispanic gang in the
city. The Mexican Posse street gang is a home grown gang with its origin on the south side
of Milwaukee, and has been in existence for about ten years. They have aligned themselves
nationally and internationally with the Surenos and La EME prison gangs that identifies with
the Sur 13 label, and operates primarily under the veterano system of hierarchy. They have

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gained a majority of control in such a short time by implementing two main philosophies.
First, by establishing a large scale drug distribution in Milwaukee through many of its
members’ family connections directly to Mexico. Second, by using extreme violence
(Homicides and shootings) to enforce the gang’s code and their drug trade, and to enhance
the reputation of the organization. The organization also uses intimidation of its own
members and their families to keep order and to influence witnesses against the members.

Many of the gang’s members are first or second generation immigrants from three distinct
regions in Mexico: Leon, Morelia, and Guanajuato. Due to the gang members close ties to
family and friends still in Mexico many of the members have their own connection to receive
drugs into the Milwaukee area. Because of this, the gang in the past has been able to
continue to operate even if one of its high level drug distributors is arrested and imprisoned.
The Mexican Posse, through several of its members, distributes 30-50 kilograms of
cocaine (powder) per month, 200-300 pounds of marijuana per month, and 500-1,000 pills
of MDMA (ecstasy) per month. There are two other Sureño affiliated gangs in Milwaukee.
One is the C-14 (Clantones) street gang, and the other is the Brown Pride street gang.
The Clantone14 gang originated in Los Angeles, California, and members migrated to the
Milwaukee and Madison, WI areas and established themselves. They are a Surenos gang
and were allowed to keep the 14 in their name by La EME because they were around
before La EME.

C14 is made up almost entirely of Mexican-American ethnicity, and are a minor level gang.
Although comparatively small in number of members, the C14s main rival is the Mexican
Posse gang. The C14s co-existed peacefully with the Latin Kings until about two years
ago when some shootings occurred between the two gangs. The Brown Pride gang is also
a rival of the Clantones in Milwaukee. Brown Pride in Milwaukee is a home grown street
gang that is not affiliated with any of the many other gangs in the United States that use the
same name. They exist primarily as an ethnic pride type gang. They are rivals of the other
two previously mentioned Sureño affiliated gangs in Milwaukee, although they use the
banner of ‘Sur 13’. They do have a leader, although all members have a say in their
activities. They are considered a minor level street gang. The Spanish Cobras street gang
has been operating in Milwaukee since the 1960s, and was the only Hispanic gang in
Milwaukee until the arrival of the Latin Kings in the late 1970s. Several of the Cobras
flipped to the Kings in the early 1980s which caused a permanent rivalry. The Spanish
Cobras are a Folk Nation affiliated gang that is involved in illegal narcotics distribution,
armed robbery, homicide, and drive-by shootings. Like the Latin Kings, the Spanish
Cobras came to Milwaukee via Chicago.

Some other minor Hispanic street gangs in Milwaukee are: “La Familia” gang, who in
Milwaukee are unaffiliated with any nationally aligned gangs, and identify more closely with
People Nation gangs. They were created by some former members of the Spanish
Cobras. La Familia are engaged in street level sales of cocaine, crack cocaine, heroin, and
marijuana. The “21st Street Gangsters” (2-1’s) are another Folk Nation gang that
engages in low level street sales of narcotics, and are a rival of the Latin Kings. The ‘2-1s’

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are a home grown gang that allows anyone to join, regardless of race or ethnicity. They
operate in a two block area on the south-side.

The present strategy for attacking the gang problem in Milwaukee is to use all resources
available to law enforcement on the municipal, state, and federal levels. The current Chief of
Police in Milwaukee is committed to zero tolerance of gang activity, and has assembled a
Gang Crimes Intelligence Division (Gang Squad) that is top notch and staffed with highly
trained and professional law enforcement officers. The Milwaukee HIDTA Drug/Gang Task
Force is made up of Officers, Detectives, and Special Agents representing all municipal,
state, and federal agencies operating in Milwaukee County, and south-eastern Wisconsin.

A Ñeta has been identified as an enforcer in Wisconsin Department of Corrections. This

Security Threat Group member was born in Milwaukee and maintains close ties to Puerto
Rico, New Jersey, and Connecticut. He, and those are working under him, are said to be
obtaining firearms and narcotics, and heading to the south side of Milwaukee to take care
business. This member communicates with Latin King shotcallers in three different
institutions. He has put out the word for them not to send him anything related to “the
literature”. All Latin Kings in that unit have put in to be on the same range as he is. He
receives a lot of mail from elsewhere in the system from Latin Kings or sympathizing
factions. ILGIA has been a great resource to deal with these security threats.

Minnesota

In Minnesota, Mexican traffickers control the transportation, distribution, and bulk sales of
cocaine, marijuana, methamphetamine, and small amounts of black-tar heroin. Numerous
Mexican groups and street gangs such as the Latin Kings are operating in the state. As a
general rule, the upper echelon Mexican distributors in Minnesota transport the majority of
their proceeds back to family members residing in Mexico. The Minnesota Gang Strike
Force was created to identify, investigate, arrest and prosecute gang members engaged in
"criminal activity" in the State of Minnesota. Some of the Latino gangs identified in the state
are: MS13, SUR13, Latin Locos, Latin Kings, Vatos Locos, Logan Heights Gang (San
Diego), and Insane Nation Vikings. (DEA)

Indiana

Mexican criminal groups are the primary wholesale distributors of marijuana, powdered
cocaine, and methamphetamine within Indiana. MS13 is active in Indiana, but very small,
and are found in the company of SUR13 members. 18th Street is the most criminally active
group in Central Indiana. Sureno gangs are the largest group in the state, but are very
disorganized. There are a few Vatos Locos. There are few problems with Folk and People
gangs in Indiana, except for the Lake County area where they are called "Little Chicago". In
this area there are most of the same gangs that you have active in Chicago. Some Latin
Kings moved into Indianapolis, and smaller communities in the state.

EAST COAST

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 Rhode Island

MS-13 is active in the Providence, Rhode Island metropolitan area, as well as

Massachusetts. Maine and New Hampshire reported no MS activity. They consider their MS
to be unsophisticated and involved mostly in street crimes and crimes of opportunity. They
have localized leadership and limited ties to larger cliques throughout the U.S. Rhode
Island, predominantly Providence, has an estimated membership at about 125. They come
from primarily two cliques: Providence Salvatrucha Locos and the Salvatrucha Locos
Trece. Many members have been involved in violence in and around the schools.
Providence MS members seem to have close ties to Charlotte, North Carolina. Their
primary enemies appear to be the 18th Street Gang and the Original Crips Gang. They
have identified no known ties to Al Qaeda.

Massachusetts

The following cities and towns in Massachusetts have reported MS activity: Boston,
Chelsea, Everett, Framingham, Lynn, Malden, Revere, and Somerville. These cliques
include: East Boston Locos Salvatruchos, East Side Locos Salvatruchos, Chelsea
Locos Salvatruchos, and Trece Locos Salvatruchos. The Chelsea and East Boston
cliques may have developed from and been influenced by members who migrated, from the
Los Angeles area. Boston MS members have been traced to Providence Rhode Island,
Maryland, New York, Virginia, Washington D.C., Florida, and Texas and have also noted
activity from Chelsea MS members. Within the Massachusetts Department of Corrections,
Latin Kings are the largest Security Threat Group and the most organized. They have well-
defined hierarchies and there is constant communication between leaders in prison and
leaders on the streets. There are Latin King chapters in most of the larger cities within
Massachusetts. There appears to be two factions within Latin Kings in Massachusetts
Department of Corrections, the “Bloodline” which follows the New York City line and a local
faction that follows Leader Anthony "Chino" Collazo: M.C.I. Cedar Junction, 2nd -
Michael "Merlyn" Checchetelli, 3rd - Luis "Detroit" Ayala: M.C.I. Cedar Junction.
Checchetelli and Ayala allied to remove Collazo and have moved up in rank. A faction
called "Tiniebla 30/30” appears to be "Bloodlines". The group’s leader is identified as
Benjamin Feliciano. Benjamin’s brother is Jose Feliciano, who is incarcerated. This group
is a rival to the Massachusetts ALKQN.

United Federation of Kings and Queens/ALKQN leader is inmate Alex Delgado: MCI
Cedar Junction. Delgado was the former leader of the Massachusetts ALKQN. The Latin
Kings and La Familia appear to be at war on the streets in western Massachusetts with the
recent murders by Latin Kings of two men affiliated with La Familia. Mara Salvatrucha and
18th Street are present in the Boston area and appear on their web sites; however, few
have been incarcerated to date. Latin Kings and Ñetas have become more involved in
political causes in order to appear legitimate and to shield their criminal operations from law
enforcement scrutiny. Major gangs, including Latin Kings, Los Solidos, La Familia, and
Ñetas are well organized and their formalized hierarchies are a strength that gives them
increased influence in correctional facilities and on the streets. Some gangs, particularly the

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Latin Kings and Ñetas, claim the status of civic groups to promote ethnic pride and claim
to exist to help the community.

Dominican gangs like Dominicans Don’t Play are involved in narcotics distribution and
trafficking. There is an influx of Hispanic gang members into New England states from the
New York City area. (Massachusetts-DOC)

New York

Latin Kings fought East Coast Bloods for years but recently there have been some signs
of a truce. New York is also the home of the Bloodline. The security threat level of the
Kings has been high. The wife of a Latin King gang member was arrested for conspiracy to
commit murder. She allegedly conspired to kill a potential witness in her husband’s trial. The
woman was accused of leaving $500 for an undercover officer in an attempt to have the
witness and his wife killed. Latin Kings are involved in political activities and assist in voter
registration, distributes campaign fliers for their chosen candidates, and are often accused
of intimidating voters to favor their candidates.

The biggest Hispanic gang in New York City is the Latin Kings with some 2,500+ members
and associates. There are over 1,000 Ñetas documented in the city. Various Mexican
gangs from both La Gran Familia and La Raza Unida number about 1,000 also. Mara
Salvatrucha is estimated to at 500+ members in NYC, and Dominicans Don’t Play have
an equal number.

New Jersey

The Trenton, New Jersey, area has experienced a well-established Latin King and Ñeta
presence for many years. In the early 1990s, the Latin Kings and Ñetas were the only true
organized gangs in the area. This changed with the influx of Bloods around 1999. In the
New Jersey area, Bloods and Latin Kings were enemies, and Ñetas would back the Kings
when conflicts occurred. The rapid growth of the Bloods usurped power from the Latin
Kings and forced them to go low-key with their representation. The Ñetas followed suit. At
this time, it is rare to see Latin Kings and Ñetas openly displaying colors in the street or in
the jail. Latin Kings still hold their monthly universals, which sometimes attract Kings from
Camden and North Jersey. Overall, most Latin King and Ñeta activity is in direct response
to attacks and infringements by Bloods. The area has also recently begun producing Black
Gangster Disciples, which are also fierce enemies of the Latin Kings. No clashes
between Kings and Disciples have been documented in our area at this time.

Northern New Jersey has seen a recent upsurge in Latin King activity. It appears that the
activity is due to a change in hierarchy in both the cities of Paterson and Passaic in Passaic
County. The recent homicide of “King Beast”, a well liked member of the Latin Kings, has
given rise to an attempted drive-by shooting that took place around 5 PM without any regard
to innocent bystanders. The Latin Kings are also beefing with an area Dominican gang
known as MSD or “Market Street Dominicans”. Apparently two members of the Latin
Kings were jumped by members of MSD at an after hours club. Intelligence from the

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Passaic County Jail indicates that Latinos are grouping together to combat against the
Bloods who are currently the dominant Security Threat Group in this facility. Members of
the Latin Kings, various Mexican, and Dominican gangs were involved in altercation in a
dayroom where the Bloods were trying to exercise control of the recreation and
commissary. As far as alignments between Latin Kings and Bloods in Passaic County, it
appears that certain sets choose to rival or ally themselves according to the sharing or
protecting of drug territory. Morris County has documented gang graffiti that shows
unification between both organizations. Essex and Mercer County intelligence also indicates
alliances within certain regions. The alliances are based on their People Nation affiliation,
but past truces have failed to be maintained. However, pictures of the 2005 PR Day Parade
showed Latin Kings and Bloods alliance.

In 2001, graffiti attributed to the Sureno “Alley Tiny Criminals” (ATC13) gang began to
surface in several sections of Trenton. Information sharing through ILGIA confirmed the
existence of ATC13 in Los Angeles, California; Eugene, Oregon; and reports of ATC13
members arrested in Inglewood, California with a carload of weapons. To date, no ATC13
have been identified in Mercer County Jail in Trenton, New Jersey, but the graffiti still
surfaces from time to time in the city. For some time, graffiti from Mara Salvatrucha (MS
13) has appeared in Trenton, and in the neighboring suburb of Lawrence Township.

Recently, several members of MS13 have been identified in the jail. Most identified MS
members from the Trenton area are Guatemalans, and most are not sporting the traditional
MS 13 tattoos. One subject from El Salvador expressed extreme fear as his reason for not
having MS tattoos, stating that if he returned to his country with those tattoos, he would be
killed because of the war on gangs there. Several subjects from Guatemala have echoed
that sentiment. This has hampered identification efforts.

In late 2000, “18th St.” graffiti appeared in the affluent Princeton, New Jersey area. This
graffiti was attributed to 18th Streeters from New Brunswick, New Jersey, coming down to
show disrespect to a rival faction of “Los Primos,” also in the Princeton area. To date, only
a couple of 18th Street members have been identified in jail from the Mercer County area,
and no members of “Los Primos” have been identified. No graffiti from either group has
appeared in the area since this incident was reported in the newspapers.

Morris County and Sussex County have also reported an increase of Latin King criminal
activity. Latin Kings are the biggest Hispanic gang within Morris County followed by Ñetas.
These counties have identified the Kings to be running Bloodline from NYC. MS13 is the
third largest Hispanic gang in Morris County and activity has been on the increase with the
MS cliques of Normandie Locotes Salvatrucha and Coronados Locototes Salvatrucha.
These two cliques are currently running without a "Voice" as the MS within Morristown, NJ
are currently of Honduran origin, but seem to be recruiting those of Colombian,
Guatemalan, and Puerto Rican origin. Members of the MS13 have been identified as
coming from the Somerset County, Union County, and Hunterdon County, New Jersey,
along with members from Long Island, New York. Tres Puntos (3PX) have been active
within the Morris County region as this group has been identified within Passaic County and

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Bergen County. There has also been Hispanic gang activity in Atlantic City and Wildwood,
New Jersey.

Morris County has seen subtle signs of 18th Street, Hollywood Gangster Clica (HGC)
and Sur 13, also called South Side Clica (SSC). Federal, state, and local arrests, along
with gang graffiti and tagging tracking, helps document the criminal activity of these groups.
Many New Jersey municipalities are still in denial and refuse to accept the growing increase
of these groups within their communities even when shown pictures. MS13 Normandie
Locotes and Coronados remain the most active of all Latino street gangs in Morris County,
followed by the ALKQN which have drawn a “5 Point Truce” with the United Blood Nation
within the NJ/NY regions and also with the Asociación Ñeta. Latino gangs are also active
in Mercer County, NJ

The Northeast is experiencing a large migration of Mexican gangs who are independent of
Sur 13 or Norte 14 rivalries. Many of these gangs originate from the Mexican states of
Puebla, Oaxaca, Guerrero, and Districto Federal, Mexico. These Mexican gangs are hybrid
and form to protect themselves from other gangs. On the East Coast, Mexican gangs for the
most part, fall under two umbrella groups identified as “La Gran Familia Mexicana” and
“La Gran Raza.” Some groups such as MS13 or Sur 13 claim independent status
depending on their geographical location. Some of the groups that fall under La Gran
Familia Mexicana are: TMB (The Mexican Boys), LA 13, Niños Malos, Los Cuatro
Inquietos, Los Primos, Los Palomos, Los Pitufos and La Mugre to name a few. Some
of the gangs that fall under La Gran Raza are: 18th Street, Los Cafeteros, 13 Locos, Los
Chacas, La Onda and Esquadron. These two groups are bitter rivals of each other and
continually battle over turf and business territory.

MS- 13 has been known to align itself with the La Gran Familia structure gangs depending
on location and resources available. These gangs are not totally embraced by MS13, but
may align for the purpose of criminal enterprises that benefit both groups. MS13 clicas in
New Jersey can hail from El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. Los Playeros gang is
aligned with Mara Salvatrucha. New Jersey is recently experiencing a significant amount of
Mexican gang members migrating from the West Coast. On several occasions New Jersey
officers have encountered previously deported illegal aliens from West Coast areas. Many
Mexican and Central American gangs are also transient between New Jersey, New York,
Massachusetts, Philadelphia, Maryland, Virginia, and North Carolina. Mexican gangs on the
East Coast are involved in the following criminal activities: alien smuggling, drug distribution,
prostitution, manufacturing of illegal documents, vandalism, numerous aggravated assaults,
and homicides.

Alien smuggling seems to be one of the most profitable operations. Illegal aliens from
Mexico are paying approximately $2,000 to $2,800 to be brought across the border. These
aliens are brought to safe houses in bordering states in the U.S and then delivered to their
final destinations once the fees are paid in full.

Pennsylvania

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Latin Kings and Ñetas in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, are increasing in size at a faster rate
than in the last few years. They are also wearing colors and beads in public for the first time
since approximately 1999. The Latin King who has caused this push in recruitment and
endorsing the public gang displays is originally from Philadelphia and was recently released
from federal prison. The Latin Kings are primarily distributing heroin, which is Dominican
supplied. There are Ñetas who claim to have recently come to Philadelphia from Puerto
Rico. They are wearing their beads out in the open on the street. Most are in their early
teens and involved in the distribution of crack-cocaine and heroin.

In February, 2003, ten members of the “Red Alert” criminal organization were arrested by
the Philadelphia Police Department’s Organized Crime Intelligence Unit and the F.B.I.’s
Squad 3 (Philadelphia) on federal indictments. The investigation into this organization
covered approximately three years and was conducted by the Philadelphia Police
Department’s OCIU and the Federal Bureau of Investigation. This group was indicted for
narcotics and under the Hobbs Act (violent crime). The organization was known to be
distributing several kilograms of powder cocaine, crack-cocaine, and heroin per year within
less then a 1,000 feet of an elementary school, selling firearms (by convicted felons), and
committing several armed home invasion robberies. This organization was unique in that its
leading members claimed to be Latin Kings, but never showed allegiance to New York or
Chicago, even shunning New York, when they attempted to bring them into their fold. The
organization also had members that claimed Ñeta, NG-25, and non- gang members. The
organization’s narcotics were supplied by Dominican drug traffickers, who were also their
primary targets for home invasion robberies, though not exclusively.

They had females involved in the organization, playing roles involving the home invasion
robberies and supervising narcotics sales. In January, 2005, the leadership of Pennsylvania
and Philadelphia's "Almighty Latin King Queen Nation" gang's "Lion Tribe" were
federally indicted (17 members- RICO Conspiracy) and two were arrested on local charges,
by the Philadelphia Police Department Criminal Intelligence Unit and F.B.I.
Philadelphia/Squad 3. The "Lion Tribe was active in Bethlehem and Allentown,
Pennsylvania. The "Lion Tribe" followed "Motherland" (Chicago). These arrests seem to
have stopped a coordinated state chapter (for the time being) in PA. The "Lion Tribe" is
reorganizing and holding meetings, in Philly. They claim to be authorized and in contact with
a "King Havoc" from Chicago. The "Lion Tribe" is very “anti-Blood Line Kings” (New
York). It will allow "Blood Line Kings" to join the "Lion Tribe" as long as they claim their
allegiance to the "Motherland". If they don't, there is a "Terminate On Site" (T.O.S.) order
put out, on the "Blood Line" members. The "Lion Tribe" in Philadelphia has often had
problems with their traditional ally, the " Ñetas". This has even led to some violence, though
it seems calm at the moment. One of the leading members, Neftali Colon, of "Bethlehem’s
"Lion Tribe" was put on trial for murdering another "Latin King". Colon fell under the
indicted members of the "Lion Tribe" and was part of a "Lion Tribe" hit on the leadership of
New Jersey's "Latin Kings", which occurred in Vineland, New Jersey, in March, 2004. This
hit included members of the State hierarchy, Allentown's Hierarchy, and Philadelphia's.

Another Latin King Inca on trial, William “King Homicide” Sosa, oversaw an underworld
reign of terror that included murder, kidnappings, brutal beatings, torture and rape. He went

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on trial in early 2006, along with seven top associates and was convicted in March, 2006 in
a multiple count racketeering indictment handed up against him and 16 other codefendants.
Several of those defendants subsequently pleaded guilty and agreed to testify against him.
Co-defendants Alex “King AM” Melendez and “King Elvis” Ortiz were also convicted of
the broad racketeering offense and several related charges including an assault on Rafael
"King Sun" Guzman. Guzman, the one-time leader of the Vineland, N.J., branch of the
Latin Kings, testified that he had been abducted at gunpoint from his home and taken to the
basement of a house in North Philadelphia where Sosa and the others beat him for hours.
Guzman said he escaped before other members were able to carry out Sosa's order that
they cut off his hands with a machete.

The fastest growing Latino group in Philadelphia, and possibly the fastest growing group in
Philadelphia period, is the Mexican population. There are also Mexican gangs, but to date,
there is not any identified coordinated Mexican gang activity in Philadelphia. However,
Mexican Nationals have been identified as becoming more involved in the supplying of
narcotics (marijuana, cocaine, and heroin) to Philadelphia. They are primarily supplying
from Arizona and Texas. In some cases, they are replacing the Dominicans or even
supplying the Dominican wholesalers. In the coming years, Latino gangs are expected to
continue to be a major problem all along the East Coast. Law enforcement and corrections
continue to monitor these groups very closely.

Maryland/Washington D.C./Virginia

Carnalitos, Traviesos, SUR 13, 18th Street, and MS13 have also been identified in
Baltimore, Maryland, and these gangs have been identified in other areas. Aztecas have
been identified in Anne Arundel County, MD. MS13 appears to be in the beginning stages of
organizing itself as a force within the Department of Corrections as well. They are not
claiming any umbrella organization other than MS13 at this time. The primary gang in
Maryland is MS 13. Some of the main cliques are SLSW-Sailors Locotes Salvatruchos
Westside, LPS-Langley Park Salvatruchos, TLS-Teclas Locotes Salvatruchos,
FLS/NLS-Fulton Locotes Salvatruchos/Northside Locotes Salvatruchos (they go by
both), PVLS-Parkview Locotes Salvatruchos (Parvies). There are other cliques as well,
some of which are WLS-Western, PLS-Pinos, CLS-Centrales, CLCS Coronados, AMLS-
Acres Malditos, HPS-Highland Park, HLS-Hempstead, PBS-Playboys, BGLS-Big
Gangsters, and BCLS- Big Criminals.

MS is evolving and now have more money and firearms than ever before. They are more
involved in extortion and robbery of Latino businesses, both illegal and legal, minimal
narcotics involvement, and a high level of violence. A direct connection has been seen to
the following areas: Phoenix, Houston, Miami, Atlanta, New York (Long Island), Los
Angeles, Baltimore, and Washington D.C. The historical enemy of MS is 18th Street, but
there is not a large population of documented 18th St in MD. There are other groups, some
which are rumored to be aligned with 18 but this is unconfirmed. The biggest rival of MS in
Maryland is Vatos Locos of which there are three different factions. VL-Maryland, VL-D.C.,
and VL-Virginia as they describe themselves.

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There is an offshoot or minor league of VL which is LVL or Little Vatos Locos. There are
at least several hundred VL members in the area. They have allies such as El Palo, Brown
Union, LDC-Lewisdale Crew, and others. BPL-Brown Pride Locos is a primarily
Mexican group that is growing in numbers and activity. The MD population of Mexican
immigrants, legal and illegal, come primarily from the Puebla, Mexico area. They often
represent with blue colors and Sureño 13, but also represent with brown colors. There are
approximately 100 BPL in Maryland. They are aligned with Sur 13, YH-Young Hoodlums,
and some smaller groups. There are a few other smaller gangs which include RL-Raza
Locos, ML-Mexican Locos, LD-Latin Devils, TLB- Toca La Bandera, ML-Mara Locos,
Tha Woods, La Raza, and STC-Street Thug Criminals. Mara Salvatrucha did wreak a
lot of havoc and violence in northern part of Virginia and in Washington, D.C. areas.

There were approximately 3,000 MS members and associates previously identified in those
areas. Most MS13 in northern Virginia have now gone "underground" and are trying to
restructure. Their leadership took some big hits. MS members executed a police informant,
Brenda “Smiley” Paz in 2003. This witness intimidation homicide posed a threat to other
witnesses who might be thinking about cooperating with police. The Paz Case and two very
aggressive ICE agents helped deported approximately 300 MS13 members in the past 2
years. When they return, which they do, they usually do not come back to the same area as
they know law enforcement is already on to them. In the Washington D.C. area, MS13
continues to be a security threat. There is an increase in South Side Locos activities, which
may be partly due to Mara Salvatrucha receiving a lot of media attention lately. Gang
graffiti has been on the rise.

There has been an increase in the number of Bloods in Virginia. In the Virginia Department
of Corrections, the Bloods have been observed trying to take over. They are trying to show
the Sureno population that the Surenos aren't as tough as they think they are. Though
enemies on the street, it has been reported that Mara Salvatrucha and South Side Locos
are banding together in D.O.C.

Brown Union is another group located primarily in the Washington D.C. area and there
colors are brown. Street Thug Criminals (STC) normally represent with red and black, but
don’t often fly colors like most other Latino Gangs in the area. STC are primarily Latino,
however, there is a mix of other races in the gang of approx. 20 members, 3-5 female
members. They, like all other gangs in this area, are enemies of MS-13. The gang was
supposedly formed for protection from MS-13. STC were formed out of Roosevelt High
School and hang out on 14th street in D.C. They have links or allies with some of the
smaller gangs in the area and are suspected of being tied to 18th Street as well. They are
allied up with some smaller gangs in the area such as MC-Migo Crew and LC-Latin
Crew or Little Crew. They are also enemies of Vatos Locos.

SOUTHEAST

Tennessee

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Tennessee is a unique state because it is bordered by eight other states. There are many
highway systems that cross four of Tennessee's major cities. These highways carry a lot of
traffic and are a primary means of moving drugs. As a result, the drug problems in
neighboring states have an impact on the drug situation in Tennessee. Sureños and Mara
Salvatrucha have been very active in Tennessee dealing narcotics. There have also been
rumors of “Zetitas” operating in the state via Dallas-Little Rock-Memphis but that has yet to
be physically proven. Two Cartels are very prominent in Memphis: The Juarez Cartel (El
Paso, TX connections) and the Gulf Cartel (Rio Grande Valley Area). At this time no
major physical cartel confrontations have been documented by law enforcement. Suerenos
have been active in the Memphis/Shelby County Area for about eight years.

The birth of local Latino gang activity started in the north area of Memphis on Jackson Ave.
This area is called “Little Mexico”. It first started with SUR 13, with a little tagging here and
there, mainly around the “Latino Market” and a couple of local Mexican restaurants. Reports
taken by law enforcement and conversations with business owners indicated that SUR 13
gangs were forcing extortion money for protection of their goods or business owners would
suffer the wrath of the gang. The first documented Sur XIII came from the Los Angeles area
when Surenos tags were found written in black or blue. We also saw that Undocumented
Mexican Nationals were coming to Memphis to do construction work and found they could
not get license registration for their vehicles and drivers licenses. Mississippi was a lot
easier on the illegal Mexicans getting these documents. The Hickory Hill, TN, area is only
several miles from the Mississippi border so a lot of them went there for documents.

There were instances where Mexican gang members were coordinating robberies and
killing Mexican workers since they could not use banks in the Memphis area because they
did not have proper identification to open an account. The rise in Latino gang activity
became more frequent in recent years, as well as the influx of Black gangs, mainly the
Gangster Disciples. Robberies and Murders became more frequent, but in Memphis there
have been no gang wars to date between the Blacks and Latinos. The common ground, as
in any gang is monetary, and cocaine sale proceeds between the two groups made it
profitable for both sides to work together. Memphis and Atlanta have very strong ties.
Mexican Organized Prostitution Rings have also been a problem.

Mara Salvatrucha did make a short presence in the North Memphis area with some MS
taggings being found. Surenos 13 being the larger gang, as street sources state, told the
MS that Memphis was Sureno 13 territory period and it now appears that the MS have
stopped their activity. MS 13 members in Memphis seem to have moved to Nashville with
other MS to help coordinate drug trafficking to the East Coast. Nashville shows prominent
MS13 taggings in many areas of the city and it is believed that some MS helped build the
Tennessee Titans football stadium. A combined effort with City, County and Federal Law
enforcement officials in the Shelby County, TN, area is making great strides to identify
Latino gang activity and drug trafficking in our area.

North Carolina

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Mara Salvatrucha 13, 18th Street Sickos, and 42nd Lil Criminals are all active in North
Carolina. Durham, NC, has several MS cliques that have been identified such as
Hollywood, Venice, Coronados, Los Angeles, and local Durham clicas. There has even
been one MS14-Norte identified out of Oakland, CA. Other Surenos in Durham have been,
Brown Pride Locos 13, Brown Pride Aztecas, Vatos Locos, 38th Street Gang,
Orphans, Very Dangerous Mexicanos, and Night Crawlers. Durham also has Sureños
and Latin Kings that work together, so contrary to the trend in the rest of the country, there
are Latin King 13s. They can still work together as a means of survival against the larger
United Blood Nation. There are Latin Kings (Lion Tribe) and Latin Kings out of Florida
and there are been indication of drug and gun running between the two states. There have
even been Latino Crips identified in the Under Ground Crips.

On the streets NC gangs normally fight among themselves so there aren’t many, if any,
alliances between gangs. Latino gangs have only been fighting Black gangs in two known
turf rivalries. These are: MS13 Durham LS vs. Insane Gangster Disciples and Brown
Pride Locos (aligned with Under Ground Crips) vs. the 83 Crips and sometimes 9Trey
Bloods. Word on the street in NC is that the beef between ALKQN and UBN is over. Many
gangsters heard a myth that OG Mack and King Tone met and called a peace treaty now
they are aligned cause both "Ride the 5 (point star)". Durham does have the Sureño-Latin
King hybrid created by some of the Lion Tribe that fights anyone they feel like. There have
also been reports of gang conflicts on area military bases involving Sureños and Fresno
Bulldogs. Various street gangs can be found on military bases in North Carolina,
including Latino gangs. The brass has mostly been in denial about this problem in the
past. New efforts are being made to investigate gangs in the military and remove them from
the ranks

Georgia

Georgia has seen a huge increase in Hispanic gang activity. 40% of gangs in Georgia are
Latino, many fall under the “13” and “14” umbrellas, but very few know what the true
meaning of the numbers is. Some girls are beginning to join gangs, they see movies and
start to believe that “sex in” is a cool way of getting into gangs. The unique thing about
some of the Georgia Latino Gangs is you at times will find association between 13 and 14.
For instance, North Side Locos 14 and Mara Salvatrucha 13. Most recently, some
Georgia homegrown Latino gangs are beginning to use a local area name or streets like
Traymore, Riverside, etc. but many times still add a 13 or 14 at the end to show affiliation
with one side or the other. Los Primos and 18th Street have battled in Athens, Georgia. A
major trial in Georgia involved several members of La Gran Familia.

Florida

The main Latino gangs in Florida are the Latin Kings, Imperial Gangsters, Maniac Latin
Disciples, APK (Apopka Killers) and Sur 13. Up and coming and fast growing gangs are

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Norteños and Ñetas. The Latin Kings can be found all through Florida, while the
Norteños, Sureños, and La Raza are reported mostly out of the southwest part (south of
Naples) and central area of Florida (Tampa across to the northeast part of Orlando). Polk
County is documenting a larger number of Norteños than Sureños due to the farming in
the county. Volusia County has Sur 13, Brown Pride, and Vatos Locos.

The Latin Kings are very active with narcotic and weapon offenses between Tampa and
Orlando. The Inca is now reportedly Michael Victor Lugo, aka “King Dragon”. He is
originally out of Indiana and has his former Indiana address on his FL/DL. The Latin Kings
can be found in the Latino Night Clubs in the Orlando area. One incident involved two
Agents being recognized and then surrounded inside a nightclub where several Latin Kings
were having a night out. The Agents were able to leave without incident, while security
(Orlando Police Officers) handled the group. Within the group who were yelling “We are
Kings!” was former boxer, Hector Luis “Macho” Camacho.

The Latin Kings have also placed a “KOS” (Kill on Sight) on the former leader of the
Imperial Gangsters, William “Will Kill” Lopez. It is reported that the Latin King that had
the order failed to carry it out and he too has a “KOS”. Another on-going drug investigation
which Agents thought may involve members of the Latin Kings turned up with a member of
the Spanish Cobras out of Chicago. That investigation continues. A Ñeta who claimed to
be a “Prima” was identified in Florida and made some threats to officers to include drawings
with tombstones with their names on it, bullets with their names on it.

Since 2001, documented Latin King gang members from Chicago and cities of
northeastern states have been contacted and identified on a regular basis in the Orange
County, Florida, area. On September 9, 2003, the Orlando Metropolitan Bureau of
Investigation made a buy bust on a and found another 150 tablets, 5 documented Latin King
of over 500 tablets of ecstasy, cocaine, and a firearm inside the vehicle. The 600 tablets of
alleged ecstasy was found to be pure PCP the other 50 was found to be MDA and
methamphetamine. The main Imperial Gangster is out of Chicago. Allegedly, he has told the
gangs on Orlando’s eastside to align with Imperial Gangsters and Maniac Latin Disciples
or move out of the area. These gangs include Gangster Disciples, Black Gangster
Disciples, Outlawz and Rolling 60’s Crips. Outlawz are a new gang consisting mainly of
Latinos that are controlled by a Maniac Latin Disciple out of Chicago.

In southwest Florida, the largest and also very active Latino street gang is “La Raza.” The
northwest area of Orange County, Florida is mainly controlled by Latino gangs: Sur 13,
Apopka Killers, and Westside. Within recent months, there have been several drive-by
shootings involving Sur 13 and APK. During an arrest of a Sur 13 member at his residence,
Orange County Sheriff’s Officers observed and contacted over 20 additional Sur 13
members hanging out at the residence. The Seminole County Jail is seeing a large number
of Latin Kings, and now, Sur 13 members and graffiti are being identified in Seminole
County, Florida as well. Criminal activity of the listed gangs in the State of Florida range
from murder, robbery, home invasion, burglary, weapon offences, drug offenses,
kidnapping, battery and criminal mischief.

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 Canada

Recently, there has been a very significant influx of Cuban Nationals and other criminals,
particularly from the Albuquerque, New Mexico area. There are signs of confrontations and
assaults taking place between Honduran Nationals and Cubans. Hondurans dominate the
street level crack cocaine with more than 300 dealers identified. Cubans may be trying to
get a share of this market. Salvadorans are becoming more prominent as well. Since 1997,
there has been a significant increase in the number of Hispanic individuals entering Canada
illegally and claiming refugee status. Over 1500 have entered that we are aware of. Likely
many, many more have crossed into Canada from the U.S. who have not been
documented. The vast majority of them are from Honduras(600+). Others are predominately
from El Salvador, Guatemala and Mexico.

CBSA (Canadian Immigration) has targeted Latino gang members with success described
under the Canadian Immigration Act as Organized Crime members. At this time, Vancouver
Police began to observe and document tattoos that were specific to a particular established
street gang, MS-13. The gang member’s activities in Vancouver were overwhelmingly drug-
related. There are 25 documented MS-13 gang members within the city of Vancouver, B.C.,
Canada. Unconfirmed source information indicates that there is a large number more that
have not been identified yet. VPD and CBSA recently co-operated with the Seattle Police
Department and the Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement to apprehend a
wanted MS13 gang member from the Seattle Locos (SLS) clique who had fled to
Vancouver to avoid prosecution.

Unlike the activity that has been experienced in the U.S., these gang members have
engaged in predominately street level drug trafficking and low-level violence here, usually
involving knives or machetes. However, if we can draw upon experiences of other U.S.
cities, particularly Seattle, the level of violence exhibited by these individuals quickly
escalates if they feel their ‘territory’ is threatened by other criminals. Some believe Mara
Salvatrucha is expanding in Vancouver, British Columbia. Mexican and Latin American
nationals to exchange cocaine for B.C. bud. Border Brothers/Paisas find the country
attractive in order to deal narcotics. Sureños, Florencia 13, and 18th Street have also
moved into Canada.

LATIN AMERICA

Mexico

- 54 -
Mexican President Vicente Fox has done a better job cracking down on drug cartels than
his predecessors have in such efforts as Operation Trifecta, which resulted in 240 arrests.
The drug cartels have been busted up, but somebody always seems to fill the vacuum. Of
great concern, is a band of Mexican deserters formerly belonging to a military group
called “Zetas,” an elite paratroop and intelligence battalion posted in Tamaulipas, Mexico in
the 1990s. They have now joined forces with the drug traffickers. In January 2004, the
Mexican government announced that deserters from its army were involved in a raid on a
prison that freed drug traffickers and helped them escape.

The Mexican attorney general’s office is also said to be launching an investigation of

possible foreign terrorists who might want to target the U.S. from Mexico. In light of 9/11,
this is of great concern to safety and security as Mexico has relatively easy illegal ports of
entry. (DEA July 2003, Washington Post January 30, 2004)

Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) and Mexican criminal groups are
directly or indirectly responsible for producing, smuggling, transporting, and distributing
many of the illicit drugs available in the United States. The money generated from these
drug transactions are often laundered through “Casas de Cambio” (exchange houses). The
resulting health costs of drug abusers has a negative effect on the U.S. economy. By
controlling the supply and wholesale distribution of illegal drugs, Mexican DTO’s and their
criminal groups (who are often gang members or associates) are responsible for the high
level of violence associated with the illegal drug business. (NDIC March 2003) Barrio
Aztecas (BA) have had a working relationship with the Juarez Cartel for years.

There was a riot March, 2006, in Cuidad Juarez that left nine prisoners dead and 43 injured.
Allegedly the Aztecas attacked and killed their leader, Alejandro Ferrer Perez. aka “El
Veneno” (Poison). He only had nine days left before he was set to be released after
serving time for murder. It appears some of his underlings suspected him of betrayal. The
latest clash came on the heels of a previous riot between the BA and the Mexicles prison
gang that left seven dead at the same prison in December, 2005.

Hispanic street gangs from the U.S. are active in parts of Mexico. 18th Street has a large
number of members in Mexico, according to their website. MS is present in the State of
Chiapas. The wave of escaping gang members from Central America has also wreaked
havoc in Mexico, reaching as far north as the U.S. border. Gang members in border towns
rob and kill fellow Central American migrants, recruit Mexican youths, and ally themselves
with Mexican drug traffickers. Mexican police have rounded up gang members in Nuevo
Laredo, Mexico, just south of Laredo, Texas, and also along their southern Guatemalan
border, deporting hundreds, but many are already believed to have
made their way into the United States.

Central America

Mara Salvatrucha, and to a lessor extent M18 or 18th Street, continue to be problematic in
El Salvador, Honduras, and Guatemala. In April 2003, there was a major riot that allegedly

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began with a fist fight between members of the rival Mara Salvatrucha and Mara 18 street
gangs. It was said to have escalated when other gang members set fire to mattresses and
furniture in their cells at the 1,600-inmate El Porvenir prison in La Ceiba, Honduras.
According to prison officials, sixty-nine people were burned to death, died of smoke
inhalation, or were killed by inmates wielding homemade weapons. Honduras’ 26 prisons
were built to house 5,500 inmates but are crammed with 13,000 prisoners, according to
government statistics.

Central America’s crackdown on street gangs has drawn a bloody response as some gangs
have dismembered young women and children to send police a message of defiance.
Others are fleeing to Mexico and neighboring countries, bringing their deadly violence with
them. Honduran President Ricardo Maduro, elected in 2001, had a “zero tolerance policy” in
his anti-crime platform. Estimates are that thousands of gang members have fled Honduras
since August, 2003, when the government outlawed street gangs and started rounding up
members. El Salvador soon followed suit in October 2003. According to Honduran
authorities, 104 MS gang members perished in a riot in San Pedro Sula, Honduras in May,
2004. The MS gang members had been segregated and housed in a separate tier of the
prison. Apparently an electrical fire started and engulfed the MS tier in fire. As a result, only
78 out of 182 inmates from that tier survived the fire. In 2006, Honduras has a new
President, Manuel Zelaya, and he has also vowed to crack down on the Maras but as of yet
it is to be seen what policy differences might be set into place. In Guatemala, it appears the
“Death Squads” and vigilantism have come back in 2006. (AP)

Puerto Rico

Ñetas continue to be disruptive in Puerto Rican prisons. The current government of Puerto
Rico appears to have a policy of “hands off” when dealing with Ñetas. The Wardens are
again required to meet with “El Comite de Dialogo” (The Diologue Committee) at least
once a week. This Ñeta controlled committee tells the Warden what they want and expect
for the Administration to do along with instructions from the “Comite Central” (Central
Committee or Leadership Branch of the Ñetas) out of Rio Piedras Malvinas. The
government has also permitted Ñetas to reopen office in Malvinas
called the “Comision Para Mejorar La Calidad De Vida en Los Instituciones Penales”
(Comission for Better Living Conditions in the Penal Institutions). The commission president
is an inmate who was convicted of 1st degree murder for killing a Catholic priest in the late
1980s. The committee was disbanded in 1997, and this inmate was in Ponce Adults
Segregation for over a year, but is now back up running again.

What does this mean for us as STG Investigators?

1. Security Threat Groups are in control of the whole Puerto Rican prison system;
2. This will re-open the artery of communication we closed in 1997, with State Side
chapters;
3. They will open new chapters to expand the so-called association; and
4. 4. Increase prison drug distribution on the Island and Stateside. “El Comite de amigos y
familiares de confinados” (Friends and Family Committee of Inmates), political arm of
the Ñetas, has more political influence.

- 56 -
 General Trends

The National Major Gang Task Force (NMGTF) noted in its “2002 Survey of Prisons and
Jails” that Hispanic Security Threat Groups made up 13.7 percent of prison Security
Threat Groups and 24.2 percent of jails surveyed, for a total of 16 percent overall. This
number is sure to increase as the Hispanic population in the United States increases. The
vast majority of Hispanics are law abiding citizens, only a small portion are criminal, but the
number of Hispanic inmates will rise in conjunction with population and will prey on that
population as they have historically done in the past.

Validation of Security Threat Group affiliation can be very time consuming and there are not
enough gang investigators in most institutions to keep up. Many times we are two to five
years behind the ball. The gangs know this and can manipulate the system. Gangs are
migrating from larger cities to medium sized cities and to smaller towns, a move fueled, in
part, by an increase in gang involvement in drug trafficking. Most Hispanic gang members
are not involved in large quantities of the distribution of narcotics. An exception would be
Mexican Nationals (Border Brothers, Paisas, etc.) with ties to drug cartels.

The average Hispanic gang member uses a good part of the day figuring out how to get
money hustling to purchase drugs and alcohol for recreational use. Some even hold down
jobs. Many gangs have certain members who are involved in drug trafficking to some
extent, ranging from street- level sales to wholesale distribution. Rival gang members may
cooperate for the sake of narcotic sales or other criminal acts. Mexican drug organizations
are becoming more involved in the manufacturing and selling of methamphetamine. Meth
making materials are easier to get in Mexico. Numerous law enforcement agencies report
that some gangs involved in wholesale drug distribution have connections to major
international drug cartels in Mexico. Border Brothers, Paisas, and other Mexican National
Security Threat Groups will be a growing problem in the future as the “Drug War” intensifies.

Sureños are spreading very fast nationwide, in great part, due to their heavy recruitment of
Mexican Nationals. Many gangs will adopt a big gang name Sur 13 or Latin Kings, but
the farther away from L.A. or Chicago the more hybrid the gang may be and may not follow
gang traditions. While the overall violent crime rate has dropped nationwide, many smaller
communities have experienced increases, sometimes double-digit increases, due to gang
violence. The murder rate may be dropping, in part, due to the fact hospital trauma centers
are keeping them alive because of technological advances in this area.

Veteran gang members (Veteranos) may be serving longer sentences, which has fueled a
breakdown in the so-called “gang traditions.” Violence may increase when the older ones
are released from prison and the younger ones do not want to give up power. The hold of
prison gangs is not as strong as it once was. This has decreased violence in many
correctional facilities, but may have also led to more bloodshed out on the street. Successful
RICO trials have caused shifts in power and violent struggles in some states. Witness
intimidation is still affecting the prosecution of violent gang offenders. Gangs are disruptive

- 57 -
at many schools. This also has an effect on non-gang kids as they may fear for their safety
going to, from, and at school. Gangs have infiltrated legitimate businesses, security
firms, prisons, jails, and even law enforcement agencies on occasion.

Gangs in the military is a special concerns because of the urban warfare training
taught to deal with the problems in Iraq and Afghanistan, these gang members come
home and may display these skills against law enforcement (as in the Raya case,
Jan. 2005). This is not just a concern with MS, but in all probability even greater with other
gangs. The military has been in denial in the past and appears to be finally confronting the
problem. Gangs on the West Coast are generally unsophisticated with little or no
hierarchical organizational structures; however, some are becoming more highly organized
and sophisticated, involved in politics, technology (Internet), and other media.
.

INDEX
SUBJECT PAGE
13 6
14 8
13 Locos 45
18 (Tat) 15
18th Street 7
18th Street 15
18th Street 33
18th Street 37
18th Street 38
18th Street 42
18th Street 44
18th Street 45
18th Street 47
18th Street 50
18th Street 52
18th Street 53
18th Street 54
18th Street 28
18th Street 106 Clique 30

- 58 -
18th Street Gang 14
18TH STREET GANG 15
18TH STREET GANG 27
18th Street gang 42
18th Street Sickos 50
20 Luv 19
20th Street MS 13 Clique 30
21st Street Gangsters 41
3 Point Crown (tat) 20
30th Street Gang 3
38th Street Gang 14
38th Street Gang 28
38th Street Gang 50
42nd Lil Criminals 50
5 Point Crown (tat) 20
54th Street Tiny Locos 27
666 (tat) 15
7 Ryder Wayz 31
712.98.52.12.78 31
7N14er 31
7-Step Huelga Bird 31
83 Crips 50
8-Ball 39
Albuquerque 52
Alien Smuggling 45
ALKQN 45
Almighty Latin King and Queen Nation (ALKQN) 21
ALMIGHTY LATIN KING AND QUEEN NATION (ALKQN) NY 22
Almighty Latin King Queen Nation 46
Amphetamine 1
ANGIANO, "Blackie" 36
Anne Arundel County 47
Apopka Killers (APK) 51
Area code 213 15
ARELLANO, Benjamin 3
ARELLANO, Eduardo 3
ARELLANO, Francisco 3
ARELLANO, Javier 3
ARELLANO, Ramon 3
ARELLANO-FELIX Organization (AFO) 2
ARENAS, Valentino Mitchel 28
ARIZONA 33
Arizona Mexican Mafia 12
Aryan Peckerwoods 31
Asociacion Neta 45
Athens, Georgia 50
AYALA, Luis "Detroit" 42
Ayran Brotherhood 34
AZ EME 34
Aztec Lion 13

- 59 -
Aztecas 47
Aztlan 36
Baby Mafia 5
Baltimore 47
Barrio Azteca (BA) 10
Barrio Azteca (BA) 13
Barrio Azteca (BA) 34
Barrio Azteca (BA) 37
Barrio Aztecas 53
Barrio Monacillo 18
Barrio Santa Rosa (BSR) 27
BARRON-Corona, David "Popeye" 3
BC Bud 52
BELTRAN-Leyva, Arturo 4
BENITEZ, Jose Federico Police Chief Tijuana (murdred) 3
Big Gangsters (BGLS) 47
Big Horn Basin 27
Black Beads 21
Black Gangster Disciples 51
Black Gangster Disciples and Bloods 25
Black Gangster Disciples and Bloods 43
Black Guerilla Family 8
Black Hand 6
Black P-Stones 15
Blood Line Kings 46
Bloodline 43
Bloodline Latin Kings 22
Bloods 48
Blooming Flower 7
Blue 8
Border Brothers 35
Border Brothers 13
Border Brothers 52
Border Brothers 55
Border Brothers (BB) 12
BORDER BROTHERS and PAISAS 12
Boston Celtics Hats 24
Brahma Bull Decals 14
Broderick Boys 31
Bronx Kings 22
Brown Magic Clique 26
Brown Pride 26
Brown Pride 27
Brown Pride 40
Brown Pride 51
Brown Pride Aztecas 50
Brown Pride Locos 50
Brown Pride Locos (BPL) 48
Brown Pride Locos 13 50
Brown union 48

- 60 -
Brown Union 48
Bull Dogs 32
Bulldog (tat) 18
Bulldog Nation 18
C' 24
C-14 40
CA EME 36
CADENA, Rodolfo "Cheyenne" 6
CALIFORNIA 28
California EME 34
California Mexian Mafia 36
California Surenos 34
CAMACHO, Hector Luis "Macho" (Pro-Boxer aligned with Latin Kings) 51
CAMERENA, Enrique DEA Agent (murdered) 2
CANADA 52
CARDENAS-Guillen, Osiel 4
CARILLO-Fuentes, Rodolfo 5
Carillo-Fuentes, Vicente 5
Carnales 6
Carnalitos 13
Carnalitos 47
CARO-Quintero, Miguel 5
CARO-Quintero, Rafael 2
CARRILLO-Fuentes, Amado 2
Casas de Cambio 53
CASTANEDA, Sal "Lil Man" 9
CASTILLO, "Mikio" 9
CASTORENA Family 38
CASTORENA, Alfonso 38
CENTRAL AMERICA 54
Centrales Locotes Salvatruchos (CLS) 47
CERVANTES, David "D.C." 31
CERVANTES, Henry "Happy" 9
CHAPPARO, Anthony "Chappy" 32
Charter Nation Kings 21
CHECCHETELLI, Michael "Merlyn" 42
Chelsea Locos Salvatruchos 42
Chiapas 53
Chicago Latin Kings 39
Chicago Street Gang Wars 20
Chicano Pride Association (CPA) 39
CISNEROS Crime Family 33
Clantones 14 39
Cobras 24
Cocaine 38
COLLAZO, Anthony "Chino" 42
COLON, Gustavo "Lord Chino" 20
Colonia Chiques Gang 29
COLORADO 32
COMANDARI, Nelson 29

- 61 -
COMANDARI-Varela, Nelson 37
Committee Pro-Quality of Life for Inmates 19
Compton Tortilla Flats 29
CONNECTICUT LATIN KING CHARTER 21
Coronados Locotes Salvatruchos (CLCS) 47
Coronados Locotes Slavatrucha 44
Coronados Locotes Slavatrucha 45
CRASH 15
Crazy Town Roswell 34
Crossed Pitchforks (tat) 23
CT Latin King 21
Cuban Criminal Groups 34
Cuban Nationals 52
CUESTA, Filbert LAPD Officer (murdered) 15
CUEVAS, Felix "King Speedy" 22
Culver City Boys 30
D' (tat) 23
Dallas Tango 35
Dark Room Familia Rap 9
de la TORRE, Alfredo, Police Chief Tijuana (murdered) 3
DE LOS SANTOS, Roberto 12
DELGADO, Alex 42
DELGADO, Hector "He-Man" 38
Deming Tortilla Flats 35
Deming, NM 35
Denver 33
DIAZ, Pete "Pajaro" 36
Diesocho (tat) 15
Disruptive Groups 5
Dominicans Don't Play 43
Drug Cartels 55
Drug Cartels and Drug Trafficking Organizations 1
Duke University Jackets 23
Durham 50
East Boston Locos Salvatruchos 42
EAST COAST 42
East Coast Bloods 43
East Side Locos 26
East Side Locos Salvatruchos 42
East Side Longos 13 25
El Comite de Dialogo 54
El Gallo 12
El Palo 48
El Paso, Texas 37
El Perico 12
Elm City Boys (ECB) 19
EME 28
EME 32
Esquadron 45
Estelle vs Ruiz Lawsuit 10

- 62 -
Evil Klan Gang 28
F13 25
F-14 Bulldogs 18
Familia Cinco 7
Far North Side Kings 21
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front (FMNL) 16
Farmeros 6
FELICIANO, Benjamin 42
FELIPE, Luis "King Blood" 22
FELIX-Gallardo, Miguel 2
FERNANDEZ, Antonio "King Tone" 22
FERRER-Perez, Alejandro "El Veneno" (Poison) 53
Firearms 2
First Fathers 32
Florence, CO 32
Florencia 13 14
Florencia 13 27
Florencia 13 33
Florencia 13 52
FLORES, Louis "Huero" 29
FLORIDA 51
Foerign Terrorists - Mexico 53
Folk Gangs 39
Folk Nation 40
Folk nation Gang 41
Folsom Prison 9
FONESCA-Carrillo, Ernesto 2
Fraud Documents 38
Fraudulent Documents 20
French Street Massacre 12
Fresno Bulldogs 32
Fresno Bulldogs (BDS) 18
Fresno Bulldogs (BDS) 27
Fresno County Jail 32
FRESNO WAR and the BULLDOGS 17
FT. Benning Georgia 4
Fulton Locotes Salvatruchos (FLS) 47
G-27 18
G-27 Group 19
Gallant Knights Insane (GKI) 32
GALLARDO-Felix, Miguel 3
Gang Infiltration 56
Gangster Disciples 49
Gangster Killeer Kings (GKK) 22
Gangster Rap 28
Gangster Surenos Clica of Southpark 25
GARCIA, David 30
GARCIA, Enrique "Rick Dog" 23
GARCIA, Francisco "Pimp Daddy" 23
GARCIA-Vargas, Jorge Commander Anti-Narcotics Institute (murdered) 3

- 63 -
GENERAL TRENDS 55
GEORGIA 50
GKI 33
GONZALES, "Death Row Joe" 8
GONZALES, "Panchito" 9
GONZALES, Raul "Baby King" 20
GONZALES, Victor 22
GONZALES, Yani "Lazy" 25
Green Light (contract for murder) 9
Guadalajara 2
Guadalajara 38
Guatemalans 44
Gulf Cartel 4
Gulf Cartel 49
GUTIERREZ, Hodin Mexican Prosecutor (murdered) 3
GUZMAN, "Chapo" 37
GUZMAN, Rafael "King Sun" 47
GUZMAN-Loera, Joaquin "Chapo" 2
HANRAHAN, Robert "Bubba" 31
Harrison Act 1
Hawaiian Gardens 29
Hells Stompers 23
Hermanos de la Frontera 13
Hermanos de Pistoleros Latinos 10
HERNANDEZ, Joseph "Pinky" 9
Heroin 36
HERRERA, Roberto "Robe" 12
Hispanic Trheat Goups 55
Hollywood Gangster Clica (HGC) 45
Hollywood Locos 37
Homicide of Officers 28
Hooded Monk (tat) 23
Horseshoe Decals 14
Houston Tangos 10
Houston Tangos 35
HUERTA, Heriberto "Herb/Muelas" 11
Humbolt Park 21
I-5 26
I-90 26
IDAHO 26
Illinois 38
Imperial Gangsters 51
INCA 20
Incline Village 32
INDIANA 41
Inglewood 13 Gang 28
Inglewood Trece (13) 30
Insane Family 24
Insane Gangster Disciples 50
Insane Nation Vikings 41

- 64 -
Juarez 37
Juarez Cartel 5
Juarez Cartel 49
Juarez Cartel 53
Juarez, Mexico 39
Junior/Little Weasel 29
Kabiles 4
Kedzie/Cortez Kings (K/C Kings) 38
King Beast 44
King Blvd Locos 27
King Hitler 22
King Mafia Disciples 27
KOS (Kill on sight) 51
LA 13 45
La Chiva 12
LA Dodgers 15
La EME 5
La EME 7
La Eme 40
La Familia 41
La Familia 42
La Familia 43
La Gran Familia 43
La Gran Familia 50
La Gran Familia Mexicana 45
La Gran Raza 45
La Manota 18
La Mesa 9
La Mugre 45
La Nuestra Familia 6
La Nuestra Familia Mexicana 7
La Onda 45
La Oreja 11
la Raza 51
La Raza 51
La Raza Unida 43
La Virgin de Guadalupe 13
Langley Park Salvatruchos (LPS) 47
Las Cruces Street Gangs 34
Las Vegas 32
LATIN AMERIC A 53
Latin Bloods 22
Latin Crew (LC) 48
Latin Devils (LD) 48
Latin Disciples 22
Latin Eagles 24
Latin King 13 50
Latin King Inca 47
Latin King Manifesto 21
Latin Kings 19

- 65 -
Latin Kings 20
Latin Kings 31
Latin Kings 33
Latin Kings 38
Latin Kings 38
Latin Kings 39
Latin Kings 40
Latin Kings 41
Latin Kings 42
Latin Kings 42
Latin Kings 43
Latin Kings 44
Latin Kings 46
latin Kings 50
Latin Kings 51
LATIN KINGS - FLORIDA 22
Latin Kings and Bloods 44
Latin Kings on the Lac Courte Oreilles (LCO) 39
Latin Locos 41
Latin Queens 21
Latino Crips 50
LAZCANO, Humberto 4
Lennox 13 30
LEON, Raul "Huero Sherm" 30
Lewisdale Crew (LDC) 48
LEZA, Daniel "Gumby" 37
Lil Valley Locos 25
Lil Valley Locos 26
Lion Tribe 46
Lion Tribe 50
Little Mexico 49
Little Vatos Locos (LVL) 48
Logan Heights Gang 41
Longmont, Colorado 32
LOPEZ, William "Will Kill" 51
Lord Gino 38
Lord of the Skies 2
Los Cafeteros 45
Los Carnales 34
Los Chacas 45
Los Cuatro Inquietos 45
Los Padilla 34
Los Palomas 45
Los Pitufos 45
Los Playeros 45
Los Primeros Padres (LPP) 32
Los Primos 44
Los Primos 45
Los Primos 50
Los Solidos 19

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Los Solidos 43
Los Tigres del Norte 13
LUGO, Michael Victor "King Dragon" 51
M' 6
M18 54
Machetero 19
Madison 39
MALVERDE, Jesus 2
Maniac Latin Disciples 51
Maniac Latin Disciples (MLD) 23
Maniac Latin Disciples (MLD) 39
MANIAC LATIN DISCIPLES and SPANISH GANGSTER DISCIPLE NATION 22
Maniacn Latin Disciples 51
Manuel A Perez Housing Project 18
Mara Locos (ML) 48
MARA SALVATRUCHA 16
Mara Salvatrucha 33
Mara Salvatrucha 38
Mara Salvatrucha 43
Mara Salvatrucha 44
Mara Salvatrucha 48
Mara Salvatrucha 54
Mara Salvatrucha 13 14
Mara Salvatrucha 13 50
Mara Salvatruchas 49
Maricopa County Sheriff 33
Market Street Dominicans 44
MARQUEZ, Jose Alberto "Bat" 4
MARROQUIN, Hector 29
MARYLAND/WASHINGTON DC/VIRGINIA 47
MASSACHUSETTS 42
Massachusetts ALKQU 42
Massacre Honduras (Tapeworm) 38
Mayan 31
MELENDEZ, Alex "King AM" 47
Memphis 49
Mercenaries 37
Merecidos 11
Methamphetamine 27
Mexican Brown Pride (MBP) 39
Mexican Drug Cartel 37
Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations 1
Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) 26
Mexican Drug Trafficking Organizations (DTOs) 53
Mexican Federation (Gloden Triangle) 2
Mexican Gangs 45
Mexican Locos (ML) 48
Mexican Mafia 28
Mexican Mafia 29
Mexican Mafia 30

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MEXICAN MAFIA (La EME) 5
Mexican National Inmates 33
Mexican Nationals 55
Mexican population 47
Mexican Posse 40
Mexican Pride 13
Mexican Pride 26
Mexican Prostitution Rings 49
Mexican Syndicate Locos (MSLS) 39
Mexican Traffickers 41
Mexicas 37
Mexicles 53
MEXICO 53
Mexikanemi 10
MEXIKANEMI 11
Mexikanemi 35
Mexikanemi 36
Mexikanemi 37
MEXIKANEMI MODUS OPERANDI, SCHOOLING, STRUCTURE 11
Mexikanemi Science Temple of Aztlan INC 11
Mi Raza Unida (MRU) 32
MID WEST 38
MID-WEST ALMIGHT LATIN KING NATION - CHICAGO 20
Migo Crew (MC) 48
Military Bases 50
Military Gangs 56
MILLAN, Pedro 21
MILLET, Nelson 21
Milwaukee C-14 39
MINNESOTA 41
MIRANDA, Ernesto "Smokey" 16
Mississippi 49
Mojado Power 13
Money Laundering 53
Mongols 28
Mongols and Hells Angels 28
MONTANA 26
MORADO, James "Tibbs" 9
MORALES, Armando "Mousie" 18
MORALES, Erik 29
MORGAN, Joe 6
Motherland 20
Motherland 46
MS 16
MS 13 37
MS 13 Honduras 37
MS Soldados 37
MS Stoners 16
MS13 27
MS13 33

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MS13 41
MS13 42
MS13 45
MS13 47
MS13 52
MS13 53
MS13 56
MS13 Normandie Locotes 45
MSD 44
Murder 1 27
N 8
Narco-Santo 2
Nashville 49
National Major Gang Task Force 55
Natural Black Family 34
Nauatl Language 11
Neighborhood Piru Bloods 30
Neta 41
NETAS 18
Netas 43
Netas 46
netas 51
Netas 54
NEVADA 32
Nevada Aryan Warriors 34
New Flowers 17
New Flowers 32
NEW JERSY 43
New Mexican Mafia 33
NEW MEXICO 34
New Mexico Corrections Department 34
New Mexico Surenos 13 34
New Mexico Surenos 13 35
NEW YORK 43
New York King Inca 22
NG-25 46
Night Crawlers 50
NINO, Arnulfo "Popo" 36
ninos Malos 45
Normandie Locotes Salvatrucha 44
Nortenos 6
Nortenos 26
Nortenos 26
Nortenos 27
Nortenos 27
Nortenos 28
Nortenos 31
Nortenos 32
Nortenos 32
Nortenos 32

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Nortenos 38
Nortenos 51
NORTH CAROLINA 50
North Side Locos 50
North Side Tiny Toons 26
North Side Villains 26
Northern Ryders 17
Northern Ryders (NR) 31
Northside Locotes Salvatruchos (NLS) 47
NORTHWEST 25
Nothern Structure 8
NOTHERN STRUCTURE-Nuestra Raza-Nortenos 17
Nuestra Familia 7
Nuestra Familia 8
Nuestra Familia 31
Nuestra Familia 32
Nuestra Familia Constitution 8
Nuestra Raza 8
Nueva Flores 32
Nuevo Laredo 37
Nuevo Laredo, Mexico 4
OGB (Overall Governing Body) 9
OJEDA Organization 30
OJEDA, Pete "Sana" 29
Ojos Rojos 39
Operation Community Shield 25
Operation Mano Negra 7
Operation Royal Flush 39
Operation Texas Style 10
Operation Trifecta 53
OREGON 27
Orejones 11
ORGANIZED CRIMIE OVERVIEW 1
Orgullo Mexicano 13
Original Crips Gang 42
Orlando 51
OROZCO, Lose Luis 29
Orphans 50
ORTIZ, "King Elvis" 47
ORTIZ, Jerry LACSO Deputy (murdered) 29
Outlawz 23
Outlawz 51
P12 Sharkies 28
PADILLA, Hector "Mad Dog" 7
PADILLA, Jose (9/11 Dirty Bomber-MLD member) 38
Paisas 12
Paisas 33
Paisas 35
Paisas 52
Paisas 55

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PALMA-Salazar, Hector "Guero" 2
Parkside Bulldogs 32
Parkview Locotes Salvatruchos (PVLS) 47
Partido Revolucion Mexicano (PRM) 37
Parvies 47
Patron Saint of Mexico 13
PAVELKA, David Burbank PD Officer (murdered) 30
PAZ, Brenda "Smiley" 48
Pee-Wees 27
Pelican Bay 30
PENNSYLVANIA 46
People Nation 20
People Nation 39
People nation 44
People Nation Gangs 41
PEREZ, Robert "Beaver" 12
Pete the Burner 23
Phoenix 33
Pinos Locotes Salvatruchos (PLS) 47
Playboys Salvatruchos (PBS) 47
Pomona 12th Street Gang 28
President Fox 53
President Ricardo Maduro 54
Primos 19
PRISON GANGS 5
Pro-Inmate Rights Association 18
Providence 42
Providence Salvatrucha Locos 42
Puebla, mexico 39
PUERTO RICO 54
Queen Street Bloods 30
QUINOES, Marco "Pato" 4
Q-VO 27
RAMIREZ, Ray 11
RAMIREZ, Reynaldo "Rey" 36
RANGEL, Rudy "Kato" 38
Rascals Maravilla 29
Raza Locos (RL) 48
Raza Unida 10
Red 8
RED ALERT Organization 46
REGIONAL THREAT ASSESSMENTS 25
Reno 32
REYNOSO, Adolph "Champ" 32
RHODE ISLAND 42
RIVERA-Paz, Ever Anibal "El Culiche" (The Tapeworm) 37
ROCHA, David "Sir Dyno" 9
RODRIGUEZ, Carlos "Wero" 37
RODRIGUEZ, Cesar "Crazy Bird" 35
Rollin 60's Crips 51

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ROSADO, Jose "King Joey" 22
ROSS, Thomas "Outlaw" 23
RUVALCABA, Gerald "Cuete/Shotgun" 9
Sailors 16
Sailors Locotes Salvatruchos (SLSW) 47
SALAS, Robert "Robot" 7
Salvatrucha Locos Trece 42
San Antonio 11
San Antonio 36
San Francisco 37
SANCHEZ, Alex "Homies Unidos" 37
Sangra 7
Santanas 16
Scorpions 23
Seattle Locos (SLS) 52
Security Threat Groups 5
SF 19th Street Surenos 30
SF Nortenos 30
Shatto Park Locos 27
Shotcallers 6
Shotcallers 13
Sindicato Nuevo Mexico (SNM) 34
Sinoloan Cartel 4
Smuggling 33
Sonora Cartel 2
SOSA, Roberto "Babo" 8
SOSA, William "King Homicide" 47
Sothern vs Northern California War 9
SOTO, Hector 10
South Side Clica (SSC) 45
South Side Kings 21
South Side Locos (SSL 13) 39
South Side Locos (SSL 13) 48
SOUTHEAST 49
Southern Mexican Mayan 31
Southerner 14
Southside Kings 20
Southside Locos 13 (SSL13) 25
SOUTHWEST 28
Spanish Cobras 23
Spanish Cobras 40
Spanish Cobras 51
Spanish Gangster Disciple Nation (SGDN) 22
STEINER, Thomas Officer (murdered) 28
STREET and PRISON OPERATIONS 10
STREET and PRISON WARS 12
STREET GANGS 14
Street Tax 20
Street Thug Criminals (STC) 48
STROUSE, Brian CPD Officer (murdered) 38

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Supermax 32
Supreme Crown 20
Sur 13 14
SUR 13 33
SUR 13 40
SUR 13 47
SUR 13 49
SUR 13 51
SUR 13 55
SUR13 41
SUR13 45
Sureno 7
Sureno 31
Sureno 13 34
Sureno 13 35
Sureno 13 48
Sureno 'Alley Tiny Criminals' (ATC13 44
Sureno gangs 26
Surenos 6
Surenos 28
Surenos 32
Surenos 32
Surenos 33
Surenos 33
Surenos 34
Surenos 38
Surenos 48
Surenos 49
Surenos 50
Surenos 52
Surenos 55
Surenos 14
Surenos 27
Surenos 32
Surenos 40
Surenos Por Vida (SPV) 27
Surgical Gloves 20
Swastika 22
Tango Busters 10
Teclas Locotes Salvatruchos (TLS) 47
TENNESSEE 49
TENORIO, Adam 12
TEXAS 35
Texas Chicano Brotherhood 10
Texas Department of Criminal Justice 36
Texas Mexican Mafia 10
Texas Mexican Mafia 36
Texas Mexican Mafia 37
Texas Syndicate 35
Texas Syndicate 36

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TEXAS SYNDICATE (TS) 9
TEXAS SYNDICATE GROWTH and DEVELOPMENT 10
Tha Woods 48
The Mexican Boys (TMB) 45
The Mortherland 38
Tijuana Cartel 3
Tiniebla 30/30 42
Tiny Winos 27
Toca La Bandera (TLB) 48
TORRES-Iriarte, Carlos "La Sombra" 18
Tortilla Flats Sureno 13 35
Total 14.714R 31
Traviesos 47
Trece Locos Salavatruchos 42
Trenton 44
Tres Animales 12
Tres Puntos (3PX) 45
TRISTAN, Cornelio "Corny" 9
Under Ground Crips 50
Undocumented 13
Undocumented Mexican Nationals 49
Union 22 13
United Blood Nation 45
United Blood nation 50
University of North Carolina jackets 23
US Firearm Dealers
UTAH 27
Utah Aryan Nation 34
VALDEZ, Juan 8
VALDEZ-Villareal, Edgar "La Barbie" 4
Vancouver 52
Varrio Campo Vida 21 26
Varrio Campo Vida 21 Nortenos Gang 27
Varrio Locos 13 (VL13) 25
Varrio Sur Locos 25
VASQUEZ, "Black Bob" 8
Vatos Locos 41
Vatos Locos 48
Vatos Locos 48
Vatos Locos 50
Vatos Locos 51
Very Dangerous Mexicanos (VDM) 50
Veteranos 14
VILLANUEVA, Sheldon "Skip" 9
Vineland Boyz Gang 30
VIRAMONTES, "Brown Bob" 8
Volusia County 51
WASHINGTON 25
West Side Lomas 26
West Side Pomona 13 25

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Western Locotes Salvatruchos (WLS) 47
Westside Latin Kings 22
Wetback 13
Wetback Power (WBP) 13
WISCONSIN 39
WYOMING 27
XV3 (Tat) 15
XVIII (tat) 15
Yakima 26
Yellow Light 10
ZAMBADA, Ismael "Mayo" 2
ZAYAS, Fernando "Fernie" 23
ZETAS 4
Zetas 53
Zetas of the Gulf Cartel 37
Zetitas 49

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 Acknowledgements

Dave Anderson, Ret. Vancouver Police Department, B.C., Canada (118);

Nelson Arriaga, Inglewood Police Department, CA (37, 40, 42, 69, 76);
Scott Barfield, Ft. Lewis Police Department, WA (57);
John Belsha, Milwaukee-HIDTA (98);
Justin Bowers, Rhode Island, FBI (102);
Sam Buentello, Ret. Texas Department of Criminal Justice, TX (21, 24, 25, 92);
Jerry Canon, Indianapolis PD, IN (101);
David Carrasquillo, Inglewood Police Department, CA (37);
Bruce Champagne, West Valley County SO, UT (84);
George Chavez, Madison Police Department, WI ( 97);
Francisco Cisneros, Federal Police, Mexico (121);
Robert Clark, Philadelphia Police Department, PA (109);
Ken Compher, Fairfax County SO, VA (111);
Eduardo Cordero, Los Angeles Probation Dept, CA (36, 39);
David Cortez, Yakima Police Department, WA (60);
Leo Duarte, Ret. CA Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, CA (11, 12);
Steve Duncan, California Dept. of Justice, San Diego, CA (6, 71);
John “Rocky” Dyer, San Antonio PD, TX (93);
Andy Eways, Maryland State Police, MD (110);
Enrique Franco, Ret. Texas Department of Criminal Justice, TX (23, 26, 56, 92, 94);
Joe Garza, McAllen, Texas-FBI (6, 96);
Rey Garza, Yakima Police Department, WA (60);
Erick Gelhaus, Sonoma County Sheriff’s Office, CA (17, 43);
Hunter Glass, City of Fayetteville Police Department, NC (114);
Juan Gonzales, Memphis Police Department, TN (113);
Rick Handel, Santa Clara County Corrections, CA (17, 18, 43, 78);
David Harris, Nampa PD, ID (63)
Kelly Heim, ATF (38, 52);
Ron Huppert, Ret. Pittsburg Police Department, CA (43);
Rondo Jackson, Ret. Idaho Department of Corrections, ID (63);
Lawrence Jaramillo, New Mexico DOC, NM (91);
Daniel Jonas, Lakeland County Sheriff’s Department, FL (53, 117);
James Keeble, Orange County Sheriff’s Office, FL (53, 117);
Jim Lane, Marin County Sheriff’s Office, CA (43);
Ken Lucas, Corrections Corporation of America, AZ (29, 88);
Steve Lucero, Colorado Department of Corrections, CO (85);
Daryl Macaluso, Durham Police Department, NC (114);
Tagaloa Manu, Oregon Department of Corrections, OR (64);
Frank Marcell, Maricopa County Jail, AZ (30, 87);
Pablo Martinez, New Mexico DOC, NM (90);
Mario Molina, San Francisco Police Department, CA (77);
Gabe Morales, King County Jail, WA (13, 15, 16, 20, 28, 32);

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Tony Moreno, Los Angeles Police Department, CA (36, 38, 42, 69);
Robert Morrill, Ret. Texas Department of Criminal Justice, TX (8, 10, 14, 133);

Henry Norris, Prince George’s County Sheriff’s Office, MD; (110)

Dianna McLuckie, Dallas Police Department, TX (95);
Florencio Oseguera, Honduras PD (41, 95, 122);
Rosendo Perez, New Jersey Violent Gang Task Force, NJ (106, 108);
Celso Rangel, Ret. Washington Department of Corrections, WA (60);
Richard Ramm, Washoe County Sheriff’s Department, NV (83);
Clemente Rodriguez, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, TX (24, 92);
Juan Rodriguez, El Salvador PD (41, 95, 122);
Luis Rosa, Corrections Corporation of America, NM (45, 123);
Jesse Ruelas, Fresno Police Department, CA (82);
Armando Saldate, Phoenix Police Department, AZ (32, 89);
Joe Salinas, Yakima Police Department, WA (60);
Edwin Santana, Morris County Jail, NJ (107);
Johnny Santana, Texas Department of Criminal Justice, TX (26, 92);
David Santitoro, Mercer County Jail, NJ (106);
Louis Savelli, Ret. New York Police Department, NY (52, 105);
Fred Schramm, Massachusetts Department of Corrections, MA (103);
Marcos Silva, Gwinnett Co. PO, GA (115);
Joe Sparks, Ret. Chicago Police Department, IL (46, 50, 54, 56, 96);
Jeff Stoleson, Wisconsin Department of Corrections, WI (99);
Keith Stopko, New Jersey Violent Gang Task Force, NJ (106, 108);
Ramon Suarez, Corrections Corporation of America, AZ (30, 34);
Henry Telles, New Mexico Department of Corrections, NM (90);
Dale Thrush, United States Dept. of Justice, FL (53, 116);
Thomas Trinidad, Merced Police Department, CA (79);
Kerry Tripp, Inglewood Police Department, CA (37);
Ash Vasquez, Maricopa County Jail, AZ (87);
Richard Valdemar, Los Angeles Sheriff’s Office, CA (10, 11, 35, 40);
Daryl Vigil, Colorado Department of Corrections, CO (86);
Russ Wardrop, Vancouver Police Department, B.C., Canada (118);
Doug Woelke, Alexandria Police Department, VA (112);
Orlando Ybarra, CA Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation, CA (43, 78)

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