,6  

-*
ˆÃÃ>˜½Ã vˆÀÃÌ V>“«>ˆ}˜ vœÀ ̅i ˆVÀ> Vi˜ÌÀià œ˜ …œÜ
̅i …>ÌV…L>VŽ Ài`ÕVià ̅i ÃÌÀiÃà œv `ÀˆÛˆ˜}

>“«>ˆ}˜ œ}ˆV ?
À՘ˆ“> ˆÃ…À>

€¸¸> ““¶¸ ^€>[ Ò~€U~ ‡>ˏU~e^ €U¶>[ Â~e Š> ‡““†¸ € Â~e ¶e>¶рeÒ Š€¶ °k € Â~e U€¶U‡e “r ‡€re±¦ e Â~e ve¸ €¸€^e
¸ Â~e L>¸e Š“^e‡ £8 ¤ ^“e¸³Â ~>Ñe >

Â~e r“˶Â~vee¶>€“ €U¶> € Š€^ ¶“¶[ >^ ¸ee¸ Âғ v€¶‡¸ >^ > L“Ô ¸e>Âe^ U“Š Â~e €U¶> >^ U~>‡‡eve¸ >¡““¶ “ ve Â~e ¡Ë¸~LË“ ¸Â>¶Â[ €¸ Â~e /6
^¶€Ñ€v LËÔ

ˇÔ[ €¸ Â~e ‡>Âe¸Â eÂ¶>Â € Â~e “Ñe¶ r“¶Â>L‡Ô “ Â~e L>U† ¸e>¦ /~e €^e> “r U“˶¸e U>¶ “˦
…“Ñ€>‡ >¡““¶ >UUe¡Â¸ Â~e U~>‡ e¶¸ “ Â~e “¡e^ Ñ>¶€>Â¸¬ /~e €U¶>[ *>

U¶“Ò^e^ © ¸evŠeÂ¦  > >ÂÂeŠ¡Â €¸ “ ¸~“Ò Â~e ¸¡>U€“˸ €Âe¶€“¶ “r Â~e U>¶¦ ‡eve[ >^ ¸Â>¶Â¸ Â~e U>¶ ҀÂ~ Â~e ¡Ë¸~LË ^€Â U‡>€Š¸[ ‡e>^¸ Â~e © ¸evŠeÂ “ Š€‡e>ve

“ L¶e>† Â~e U‡ËÂÂe¶[ €Â ~>¸ ¶“‡‡e^ “Ë /~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °7~Ô ^“ ԓ˶ ^e>¶ “e¸ ~>Ñe “¦ e L>U†¸ Â~e U>¶[ >^ «Ë€Âe e>Â‡Ô l ™j¦Ú¾ †Š “ > ‡€Â¶e[ Ò>Ô >L“Ñe €^˸¶Ô

Âғ Âe‡eр¸€“ U“ŠŠe¶U€>‡¸ £/6

¸¤ >¶“ˏ^ “ ¸€Â ¸“ e>¶¬±
rÂe¶ U¶“¸¸€v ¸“Še U€ÂÔ ‡>^ ¸Òe¶Ñe¸ Â~e r“˶Ò~ee‡e¶ “Ë “r Â~e >¶¶“Ò >Ñe¶>ve “r ™¾¦s †Š “ > ‡€Â¶e¦ ¸ Â>¶ve U˸

€Â¸ ‡>ˏU~ U>Š¡>€v[ °/~e eÒ €¸¸> € ¸U>¡e¸[ Â~e €U¶> ¸Â“¡¸ > > U>¶ ¡>¶† Ò~e ¸¡>Ue¦  Â~e eÓ ¸~“Â[ €Â Òe>Ñe¸ Â~¶“Ëv~ > “Še¶¸ r>‡‡ € Â~e >ve L¶>U†e “r És “ Äs[ ¸>Ô¸

U¶>Z ¶€Ñe ¸€Š¡‡e¶[ ‡€Ñe LeÂÂe¶¦±  ~>^ U“Še Â~e r€‡Š e^¸¦ “Ò[ €Â €¸ Â~e Š>³¸ Â˶ “ Â¶Ô Š>¶¶€>ve ¡¶“Ue¸¸€“¦ /~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °7~Ô *>^€Â[ >^^€v[ °/~e ¡¶€U€v €¸ U“Š¡e€€Ñe[

Ë¡ ҀÂ~ Âғ ™s¸eU“^ ¡¶eL““†€v /6

¸ Â~e ^““¶ ¶€U†» >¡““¶ Ҁ†¸¦ /~e /6
e^¸ ғ¶¶Ô >L“Ë Š“ÑeŠeÂ¬ ¦¦¦€ Â~e ¡>Â~ “r ‡€re¦± >^ Â~e Š€^Š>>veŠeÂ eÓeUË€Ñe¸ >¶e “˶

¶€v~ Ler“¶e Â~e €U¶>³¸ ‡>ˏU~ Ò~€U~ € ҀÂ~ Â~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °/~e eÒ €¸¸> €U¶>Z /~e /6
Â~e U˸ “ > ~Ëve ¸~“ “r Â~e € LËÔe¶¸¦ /~e “¡e^ £86¤ >^ Â~e Š€^v¶>^e

¶“^ËUe^ Â~e >¡>e¸e U>¶ Š>†e¶³¸ ¸Â¶>ÂevÔ ¶€Ñe ¸€Š¡‡e¶[ ‡€Ñe LeÂÂe¶¦± U¶> “ ¸Š““Â~ Ҁ^e ¶“>^[ >^ Â~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z £8¤ ~>Ñe ¸“‡^ Š“¶e¦ /~e 1-* “r Â~e €U¶>

r“¶ Â~e ˶L> ԓËÂ~[ Ò~€U~ €¸ “ ¶e^ËUe Â~e °7~Ô Ò“^e¶ >L“Ë ^€¸Â>Ue¸¬±
U‡“¸e ¸~“ €¸ €Â¸ ¡Ë¸~LË“ ¸Â>¶Â[ Ò~€U~ €¸ “Â~e¶Ò€¸e

¸Â¶e¸¸ “r ^¶€Ñ€v¦ /~e ‡>Âe¸Â /6

¸ ^¶€Ñe ~“Še
LeÂÂe¶ Ò>Ô “r Â~e ^>¸~L“>¶^ ^€¸¡‡>Ô¸ Â~e ee^‡e Â~> € > re>Â˶e € ‡ËÓË¶Ô U>¶¸ “r ¸¡“¶Â Ë€‡€ÂÔ Ñe~€

Â~e ¸>Še ¡¶“Š€¸e “r Š>†€v Â~e eÓ¡e¶€eUe /~e U>Š¡>€v r“¶ Â~e €U¶> € ^€> r“‡‡“Ò¸ ^€U>Âe¸ Â~e Â>† €¸ ¸Â€‡‡ rˇ‡[ >^ U“Â€Ëe¸ U‡e¸¦ 7e³Ñe v“ Ä[ÚÚÚ L““†€v¸ LÔ “Ò¦ ³¸

“r ^¶€Ñ€v e…“Ô>L‡e¦ €¸¸>³¸ v‡“L>‡ Â>v‡€eZ °/~e Ò>Ô Ô“Ë Š“Ñe±¦ Â~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °¦¦¦€ Â~€¸ eÑe¶e^€v ‡€re¦± Lee …˸ > Š“Â~ ¸€Ue Â~e €U¶>³¸ ‡>ˏU~[

/~e eÒ ÄÚ¸eU“^ /6

¸[ Ò~€U~ ÒeÂ “Ñe¶
Ë“Š“€Ñe ^€> £Â~e Š>¶†e€v >¶Š 7€Â~ > reÒ ^¶€Ñ€v ¸~“¸ >¡““¶ ‡““†¸ “[ >^ sÚÚ U>¶¸ >¶e ¡‡Ô€v “ Â~e ^€> ¶“>^¸[

“ >€¶ € Â~e r€¶¸Â Òee† “r
Ëv˸Â[ Ҁ‡‡ ¶Ë r“¶ “r €¸¸> ““¶ ^€>¤ 6€Ue¡¶e¸€^eÂ £¸>‡e¸[ >^ Â~e /6
e^¸Z °/~e eÒ €¸¸> €U¶>Z Ò~€‡e Š“¶e Â~> ™[ÚÚÚ Ë€Â¸ ~>Ñe Lee ¸“‡^¦±

>L“Ë > Š“Â~¦  “e /6

[ > Š> € ~€¸ e>¶ Š>¶†e€v >^ >rÂe¶¸>‡e ¸e¶Ñ€Ue¤
L~€…ee ¶€Ñe ¸€Š¡‡e¶[ ‡€Ñe LeÂÂe¶¦± /~e U>¶ Ҁ‡‡ Le Š>Ër>UÂ˶e^ > €¸¸>³¸

‡Ô Â~€¶Â€e¸ €¸ ¸ee € > U>¶ ¡>¶†¦ e ‡““†¸ ~>¸ *>^€Â ¸>Ô¸Z ° €¸¸> U>Š¡>€v¸[ v‡“L>‡ >¸ /~e r¶e«ËeUÔ “r Â~e €U¶> /6
¸ €¸ ™ss ¡‡>Â €
~e>€¦ €¸¸> ¸U“¶e¸ ~€v~ “Ñe¶ €Â¸

¸‡e^ >¸ ~e ¸e>¶U~e¸ r¶>Â€U>‡‡Ô r“¶ Â~e †eÔ¸ Òe‡‡ >¸ € ^€>[ Lˀ‡^ “ Â~e ‡“v€U “r ~“Ò “ ¸¡“¸ ¡e¶ ^>Ô “ > >Ñe¶>ve “ Â~e ‡e>^€v U“Š¡e€“¶¸ >¸ €Â ~>¸ Š>>ve^ “ >U~€eÑe >L“ËÂ

€ ~€¸ ¡“U†e¦  Â~e eÓ ¸‡€^e[ €¸¸> € ^“ Â~€v¸ € > LeÂÂe¶ Ò>Ô¦ /~e €U¶> U“Š >€“>‡ >^ ¶ev€“>‡ U~>e‡¸¦ °7€Â~ > ¸Š>‡‡ js ¡e¶ UeÂ ‡“U>‡€¸>€“ “r €Â¸ ^e¸€v r“¶ Â~e

U¶> L¶>^ >ŠL>¸¸>^“¶ ,>L€¶ >¡““¶ Ò>‡†¸ ¡eÂe¸ ҀÂ~ Â~e -ҀrÂ[ €ÉÚ[ *“‡“ >^ *ˏ“¦ v>¡ “r > U“Ë¡‡e “r Òee†¸[ Â~e €U¶> /6
¸ Ҁ‡‡ €U¶>¦ °7e ~>Ñe ÉÚ ^e>‡e¶¸¿¸e¶Ñ€Ue UeÂ¶e¸

¡>¸Â ~€Š >^ ¸Â>^¸ e>¶ Â~e €U¶>¦ “Â~ “r /~e © ¸evŠeÂ ¸e‡‡¸ >¶“ˏ^ ÄÚÚ[ÚÚÚ Ë€Â¸ Le >€¶e^ >v>€ Ò~e¶e Â~e U“ÂeÂ Ҁ‡‡ ¶eŠ>€ >U¶“¸¸ ^€> “Ò[ >^ Òe >¶e ‡““†€v > €

Â~eŠ >U†“Ò‡e^ve e>U~ “Â~e¶³¸ ¡¶e¸eUe¦ ¡e¶ >ËŠ[ >^ Òe >¶e eÔe€v Š“¶e Â~> ÄÚ Â~e ¸>Še[ LË Â~e ^˶>€“ Ҁ‡‡ Le ¸~“¶Âee^ U¶e>¸€v €Â “ ÄÚ LÔ Â~e e^ “r Â~€¸ r€>U€>‡

>¡““¶ Òe>¶¸ > U~ee†Ô ve¸Â˶e >^ >¸†¸ ~€Š ¡e¶ UeÂ ¸~>¶e “r Â~€¸ Š>¶†e ҀÂ~ Â~e Â~¶ee “ ÉÚ ¸eU“^¸[± ¸>Ô¸ *>^€Â¦ Ôe>¶¦ 7€Â~ Â~€¸ U>Š¡>€v[ €¸¸> ““¶¸ €¸

Ò~> €¸ ~e ‡““†€v r“¶¬  Â~e eÓ ¸~“Â[ €U¶> Š“^e‡¸Z Â~e 8 £,¸ Ħj ‡>†~¤[ 8 £,¸ ¶Ԁv “ ¸Â¶€†e Â~e ¶€v~ U~“¶^ ҀÂ~ Â~e «Ë€

>¡““¶ ¸~“Ò¸ ~€¸ eŠ¡ÂÔ ~>^¸ “ Â~€¸ ¡e¶ u¦¾ ‡>†~¤ >^ 86 £,¸ s¦É ‡>†~¤¦± €rre¶eÂ€>€“ ¶Ë‡e¸ Âe¸¸eÂ€>‡ ^€> U>¶LËÔe¶[ Ler“¶e €Â ‡>ˏU~

¸“¦ /~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °7~Ô ^“ Ô“Ë ‡““†¬± /~e L¶€er “ €Â¸ U¶e>€Ñe >veUÔ[ / 7
¿ /~e /6
¸ >¶e ^€¶eUÂe^ LÔ “‡‡Ôғ“^ r€‡Š e¸ €Â¸ ¸e^> ¸“Še €Še € Éڙ™[± ¸>Ô¸ *>^€Â¦

>¡““¶ ¡“€Â¸ “Ë > Â~e ^““¶ ~>^‡e “r Â~e ^€>[ ¸>Ô¸ *>^€Â[ Ò>¸ “ e¸Â>L‡€¸~ Â~e €U¶> Š>†e¶
Ë¶>v >¸Ë¦ / 7
^€> €¶eU“¶ e >^^¸ Â~> >¶Ë€ -Ë؈€³¸ -ҀrÂ[

€U¶> “ ¸~“Ò Â~e ¡“Òe¶ “r ²eÔ³ “¶ €Âe‡ >¸ > ԓˏv >^ ¶e^Ô U>¶ Â~> ¶e^ËUe¸ Â~e €¶Š>‡Ô> -e eÓ¡‡>€¸ Ò~Ô Â~e €U¶> /6
Ò~€U~ ‡e>^¸ Â~e © ¸evŠeÂ “r Â~e ¡>¸¸e

‡€veÂ †eÔ l ҀÂ~ Â~e eÔ r“L € ԓ˶ ¡“U† ¸Â¶e¸¸ “r ^¶€Ñ€v “ > U€ÂÔ ¶“>^[ >^ ~€v~‡€v~ €¸ ^€rre¶eÂ r¶“Š “Â~e¶ ~>ÂU~L>U†¸Z °7e ““† ve¶ U>¶ Š>¶†eÂ[ €¸ Â~e €U¶>³¸ >¶U~

eÂ[ Ô“Ë U> ¸Â>¶Â Â~e ev€e ҀÂ~ Â~e ¡Ë¸~ “r €Â¸ ÂeU~“‡“vÔ >^ re>Â˶e¸¦ Â~e Š>¶¶€>ve ¡¶“Ue¸¸€“ “ ¸~“Ò Â~e ¸~“¶Â ¶€Ñ>‡¦ /~e Š>¶†e ¡‡>Ue …˸ v“Â

> LË“ >^ ‡“U† “¶ ˏ‡“U† Â~e ^““¶¸ LÔ /~e ¸eU“^ /6

r“U˸e¸ “ Â~e Š>eË e¸Â Â˶€v ¶>^€Ë¸ “r Â~e €U¶> LeU>˸e Â~> “Ëv~e¶ r“¶ >‡‡¦

“ËU~€v > ¸Ò€ÂU~ “ Â~e ^““¶ ~>^‡e¦ /~e Ñe¶>L€‡€ÂÔ “r Â~e €U¶> >¸ €Â¸ Â˶€v ¶>^€Ë¸ €¸ Â~e ғ¶¸Â €¶¶€Â>Â Â~> eÑe¶Ô ^€>

ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶ r“‡‡“Ò¸Z °7~e Â~e †eÔ Â“ ‡€re €¸ €¸ u¦¾s Še¶e¸ £€ U“Š¡>¶€¸“[ 6“‡†¸Ò>ve r>Ue¸ Ò~€‡e ^¶€Ñ€v¦ /~e ¸~““Â

“ †eÔ¦± /~e U>Še¶> “Ò ؓ“Š¸ € “ Â~e  *“‡“³¸ >^ “¶^ €v“³¸ Â˶€v ¶>^€Ë¸ €¸ u¦ Ò>¸ ‡>¶ve‡Ô ^“e € e‡~€ >^

eÔ¦ >¡““¶ Âe‡‡¸ Â~e re‡‡“Ò “ …“€ ~€Š € Še¶e¸ >^ >¶Ë€ -Ë؈€ -Ҁr³¸ €¸ u¦¼ Še ¡>¶Â¸ “r €Â Òe¶e ¸~“ €

¸€^e Â~e €U¶>¦ ¶e¸¤¦ /~€¸ “e ““ “¡e¸ € > U>¶ ¡>¶† Ò~e¶e ˊL>€¦±

e Â~e ‡““†¸ > Â~e ¸Â>¶Â LË“[ >^ >¸†¸ > Š€^^‡e>ve^ eÓeUË€Ñe “€Ue¸ Â~e €U¶>

~€Š “ v“ >~e>^ >^ ¡Ë¸~ Â~e LË“¦ /~e Òe^ve^ LeÂÒee Âғ U>¶¸¦ e e¸Â€Š>Âe¸ Â~>Â

ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °7~Ô ^“ Ô“Ë “ †“Ò Â~e ¡“Ò Â~e¶e €¸ ‡€Â‡e ¸¡>Ue ‡er “ Â>†e Â~e U>¶ “˦

e¶ “r ~ˊ> “ËU~¬± /~e U>Še¶> ¸~€r¸ Â~e /~e eÓ ¸~“ ؓ“Š¸ €Â“ Â~e U>¶³¸ Š€¶¶“¶ “

r“U˸ “ Â~e ¡Ë¸~LË“ ¸Â>¶Â €¸€^e Â~e U>¶¦ ¸~“Ò Â~> >¡““¶ €¸ ¸€Â€v €¸€^e Â~e €U¶>

/~e €U¶> ¸Â>¶Â¸ >^ Â~e Š> ¸€Â€v eÓ “ ҀÂ~ Â~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶Z °7~Ô Ò“¶¶Ô >L“ËÂ

>¡““¶ €¸ Â>†e >L>U†[ >^ ‡““†¸ ~>¡¡Ô¦ ¸¡>Ue¬± /~e Š> ¶€e¸ ~>¶^ “ Š>¡ Â~e ^€¸

/~e r“˶Ò~ee‡e¶ ؓ“Š¸ “ËÂ[ >^ ~€Â¸ > Â>Ue LeÂÒee Â~e €U¶> >^ >“Â~e¶ U>¶

¸Â¶>€v~ ¶“>^¦
¸ >¡““¶ ^¶€Ñe¸ >U¶“¸¸ Â~e ҀÂ~ ~€¸ ~>^¸¦ /~e ѓ€Ue“Ñe¶ U“Â€Ëe¸Z