(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 7, October 2010
Mobile Embedded Real Time System (RTTCS)for Monitoring and Controlling in Telemedicine
By
Dr. Dhuha Basheer Abdullah Dr. Muddather Abdul-Alaziz Mohammed Basim Mohammed Asst. Prof./computer sciences Dept. Lecturer/Emergency MedicineDept. Asst.lecturer/computer centerCollege of Computers and Mathmetics/ Mosul College of Medicine Mosul university Mosul University Mosul University Mosul/Iraq Mosul/Iraq Mosul/Iraq Rtdm2005@yahoo.com Muddather2008@yahoo.com
Abstract
:- A real time system embedded in mobile phone wasdesigned In this work, called (Real Time Telemonitoring andControlling System RTTCS) to telemonitor and control apatient's case in level two of telemedicine. The signals (ECG,Arterial Oxygen Saturation and Blood Pressure) weretransferred out of the patient's monitoring equipments toNOKIA12 unit. Then they were send wirelessly through GPRSto be received by the mobile phone interpreted by the specialistphysician who is far a way from the patient. By which thephysician can evaluate the patient's case through parametersdisplaced on the mobile phone screen, so he can provide thenecessary medical orders.The suggested system consists of three units. The firstis the NOKIA12 unit (T-Box N12 R) which contains anembedded real time program works as its operating system.That depends upon two principles multithreading andpreemptive and uses a proposed dynamic scheduling algorithmcalled (RTT) with real time constraints to schedule the signalsand to send them according to identified priorities to meet thedeadline of signals. The second unit represents a web site whichis the middle storage for the patient's data. The third unit is amobile unit (mobile phone) which receives the coming signalsfrom the patient monitor accordingly through the previouslymentioned first and second units, then the physician canevaluate and diagnose the patient’s case and order thenecessary interventions.The system was applied on many cases of abnormalcardiac rhythm cases, where it had been send successfully to amobile phone in it's real time, and had been read by thephysician where it was clear and reliable for the medicaldiagnosis.
Keywords: Real Time, Operating System, Embedded,Telemedicine, Telemonitoring, GPRS, GSM, T-Box N12R, Multithreading
.
I. INTRODUCTIOThe ongoing development in the field of wirelessnetworks caused a huge progress in many scientific fields,especially, the field of telemedicine, which is concerned withthe telemonitoring and controlling of medical cases. Sincethe use of mobile phones in the present time become verycommon, therefore, a lot of ideas in taking advantage of itfor its distinguished characteristics, best of which is themobility. Many programs and applications appeared tosupport the programming capabilities in this field, applyingthe real time principle in communication and datatransferring through the network reduced time of respondto the minimum [10].The working of the mobile phone require a wirelessnetwork to control and manage the mobile units, this leads tothe establishment wide wireless networks such as GSM andthe development of many services such as GPRS fortransferring data. The development of mobile applicationsentered many fields such as telemedicine, m-businesses,security, and a lot of other specialties because of the wideGSM spectrum compared with other types of networks [2].Telemedicine is considered one of the mostimportant mobile applications, which utilizes the activity of the international mobile communication network in theprocess of transferring data and it uses the availablecapabilities of the internet to demonstrate data to use themfor the purpose of diagnosis and monitoring [4,10].Telemedicine system considered one of the real time systemas the evaluation of the task efficiency does not depend onlyon its accuracy but also on the time elapsed for itsexecution[9].In telemedicine systems, the patients’ signals aretransferred at their real time to the health centre or thespecialist doctor where it demonstrates an ultra short delaytime in their transfer. Most of the telemedicine system areused in emergency cases which demand a rapid resuscitation,so for most of these systems, GPRS services is used becauseit offer a rapid speed for transfer in critical cases [9,7].Telemedicine system consists of three parts [2], thefirst is the communication service provider, the second is thehospital service provider, and the third is the applicationservice provider. Each one of them has its own specialfeatures and limits. Most of the applications in the field of telemedicine are basically depend on the principles of realtime in data transmission to the final destination. So the dataof the clinical cases are transferred to specialist doctor beforethe reach of the deadline. This is considered as one of themost important constraints of the real time systems [1]. Alsothe priority is considered one of the important limitations,which is determined by designer. All limitations which fallwithin the field of the applications enter a scheduling processfor all application variables within specific algorithm [3].Most of the real time systems are considered to beembedded systems, which mean that these systems are partof the physical environment. Generally the embedded
215http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 7, October 2010
systems uses special purpose computers instead of generalpurpose computers, the design and the representation of these systems demands the following points for the signal [5,8]:
1-
Selection of the hardware and software and determinethe cost for the real time systems.
2-
Specified the design of the real time system andcorrectly determine its behavior.
3-
Comprehend the programming language forimplementing a real time system.
4-
Increasing the reliability to the maximum and decreasethe errors to the minimum for the real time system.
5-
Testing the real time system.
6-
Integration of all parts of the real time system.
7-
Predictability response time.II.
RELATED WORKSIn 2007, Chen X., etal. where constructed a Holtermonitor which is a mobile cardiac monitor connecteddirectly to the patient and record the cardiac rhythm with theability of detecting abnormal cases and recording them. Thenafter a while these cases are transferred to the mobile phonewhich should contain operating system (windows) withprocessing speed not less than 300 MHZ. The cases data aredemonstrated on the mobile screen where interpreted by thedoctor [6].Cebrian A. etal., used the principle of real time onthe design of remote monitoring in the year 2007. Thissystem consisted of a memory, a microcontroller, and apower supply, the patient signals are stored on the memorysystem and depending on special algorithm the real timeprinciple of the signals are achieved. After the signals passedto the algorithm it was send by GPRS to the doctor’scomputer, so he follow up the patient case [2].Yanzheng, etal. design a remote monitoring systemin 2007 and it depends on the presence of internet service,Linux operating system and the use of the CGI programs.Here the signals of the patients ECG are sent to the internetand then transferred to a computer which demonstrate thepatient case on its screen [11].In 2008, Xin G., etal. designed a real time systemfor remote patient monitoring. Where the design of thesystem needed the presence of a device connected to thepatient’s ECG device. This device is responsible of thetransfer of the patient signals through the GPRS service andsending them to the internet through (UDP) protocol, thenthese data are sent to the emergency centre to interpretatethem. This system has the ability to determine the location(GPS) [12].III. CONTRIBUTIONSThe design of this system depends on the real timeconcepts
,
this system connect to the GSM network andinternet. An embedded program has been designed whichuses a real time algorithm to schedule special patient’ssignals. We choose three signals for the patient (ECG signal,Blood pressure signal and Oxygen saturation signal). Thesesignals have been scheduled, transferred to GSM network,and then to the mobile phone. The design of the systemachieves the following:
1-
Design an embedded real time program work and operateas operating system for the Nokia12 unit, this programmanages and operate the Nokia12 unit in most efficiencyand precision. Multithreading has been used in the designof this program.
2-
Design a proposed real time algorithm in the embeddedprogram for Nokia12 unit called Real TimeTelemonitoring (RTT) algorithm. This algorithmschedules the patient's signals and then sending them intheir real time. The signals deadline and criticality areconsidered in determining sending priority.
3-
Design Telemonitoring system in level2 of telemedicinefor monitoring a patient’s case especially if the patient isin a far away region and in emergency case. Using theGPRS as a carrier of the data makes the system faster intransferring them.4-
Using mobile phone from the specialist doctor fortelemonitoring and telecontrolling makes the systemmore progress than other system because of the mobilityfeature, and the other feature is to change the locationfrom place to another place in any time. All operationsof the system depend on the Multithreading concept.IV.
SYSTEM OUTLINESThe designed real time system consists of three unitfigure (1). These units cooperate with each other instreaming and synchronized manner. The system units are:
1-
First Unit (T-Box N12R(Nokia12 Unit)).
2-
Second Unit (Web Site).
3-
Third Unit (Mobile Station).
Figure (1) General System Design
The first unit of the system (Nokia12 unit) receives thedata from the ECG monitor device. The embedded program(the designed operating system) for the Nokia12 unit isresponsible for managing this unit and scheduling thepatient’s signal through a proposed Real TimeTelemonitoring algorithm (RTT algorithm). Whenscheduling is completed, this unit sends the signalsdepending on criticality and specific priorities through GSM.When the signals reached the second unit (webSite), the CGI programs written will save the signals in a filework as buffer then send it to the third unit (Mobile Unit) of the system. Patient’s state will displayed on the screen of themobile phone, the flowchart (1) show the flow of systemwork.
216http://sites.google.com/site/ijcsis/ISSN 1947-5500
(IJCSIS) International Journal of Computer Science and Information Security,Vol. 8, No. 7, October 2010
●
First Unit: T-Box N12R (Nokia 12 Uni
t)The embedded real time program of Nokia12 unit is shownin flowchart (2) which represents the embedded programof Nokia12 unit, this program depends basically on realtime concepts to determine signals sending priorities, theprogram performs the following tasks:-
1-
The embedded program of Nokia12 unit works as anoperating system for this unit, since it transfers the datathrough the ports of this unit and scheduled the signalswithout user’s interference.
2-
Sending signals to the second unit is done in a real timemanner depending on special algorithm (RTTalgorithm). This algorithm schedules three signals(ECG,Blood pressure, Oxygen saturation) depending oncriticality and priorities and then sends the signal thatposses the highest priority first. The proposed algorithmhas a sequential execution as below:-
a)
Set initial priorities for the signals (ECG Signals,Blood Pressure, Oxygen Approximation).
b)
Compute the execution time (cost) for signals.
c)
Assure if any critical case in signals.
d)
Make a comparison to candidate one of the patient’ssignals, re-compute the priorities again, the settingof the priorities is depending on the dead line and if critical case occurs.
e)
Send the signals depending on their priorities.
f)
Return to step a.
3-
Establish connection between Nokia12 unit and theinternet throw HTTP connection commands on theinternet and GPRS.
4-
Achieve continues loop for the data transfer.
Execute the embedded real time programof Nokia12 (this program Operate andmanage the nokia12 unit & schedule
signals)
Flowchart (1): Real time system work flow
startReceive patient’s signals through ECG monitordevice (ECG, Blood pressure, O
2
saturation )Transfer signals to the first unit(Nokia12 unit)Send the scheduled signals to the(second unit) GSM and then toInternetReceive the signals by third unit (mobilephone) then draw & display them on itsscreenEnd
Flowchart (2): Embedded real time
programof
Nokia12 unit
.
(Read from the
serial port)Implement a thread that check signalsdata whether they are
stable orvariable
Start
Establish connectionSet initial values for the temporaryvariables Tmp1
,
Tmp2, Tmp3
Assign the temporary values to thevariables (ECG, BP, O2
sat.)
Prepare connection with thesecond unit (Web Site)Implement a thread that delay the read operation fora period time ( can be
determined by user)
Apply the real time(RTT) algorithm to determinesignals (ECG, BP, O2 sat.)
prioritiesSend signalsEnd
No
Close connectionConnectionYes
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Mobile Embedded Real Time System (RTTCS) for Monitoring and Controlling in Telemedicine
A real time system embedded in mobile phone was designed In this work, called (Real Time Telemonitoring and Controlling System RTTCS) to telemonitor and control a patient's case in level two of telemedicine. The signals (ECG,…
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