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STS-133
PRESS KIT/November 2010
www.nasa.gov
CONTENTS
Section Page
SPACEWALKS ......................................................................................................................... 39
EXPERIMENTS ......................................................................................................................... 45
S H OR T- D UR AT I O N EXP ER IM E NT S T O B E P E R FO RM E D O N STS-133 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
R E S EA R CH SAM PL E S/H ARD WA R E T O BE D E L I V E R ED T O S TAT I O N O N D I S C O VER Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
R E S EA R CH SAM PL E S/H ARDWA R E T O BE R E T UR N E D O N D I S C O VER Y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
SPACE SH UTTLE DETAILED TEST OBJECTIVES (DTO) AND DETAILED SUPPLEMENTARY
OBJECTIVES ( D S O ) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
At NASA’s Kennedy Space Center in Florida, space shuttle Discovery is poised for the STS-133
launch from Launch Pad 39A following the roughly six-hour journey, known as “rollout,” from the
Vehicle Assembly Building to the pad. Image credit: NASA/Jim Grossmann
As space shuttle Discovery heads to the 4:40 p.m. EDT on Monday, Nov. 1. The flight is
International Space Station on its final mission, designated Utilization and Logistics Flight 5
it will be taking with it two key components – (ULF5), in the assembly sequence of the space
the Italian-built Permanent Multipurpose station.
Module (PMM) and Express Logistics Carrier 4
(ELC4) – that will provide spare parts and The commander for Discovery’s final flight is
storage capacity to the orbiting complex. veteran astronaut Steve Lindsey (Colonel,
Discovery also will deliver Robonaut 2, which USAF, Retired). He will be joined by Pilot
will become the first humanoid robot in space. Eric Boe (Colonel, USAF) and Mission
Specialists Timothy Kopra (Colonel, U.S.
The 39th flight of NASA’s most flown shuttle is Army), Dr. Michael Barratt, Nicole Stott and
scheduled to last 11 days, beginning at Alvin Drew (Colonel, USAF Retired).
Lindsey has flown four times before, including Expedition 20 and Stott served as a member of
twice on Space Shuttle Discovery. He was pilot Expeditions 20 and 21, all in 2009.
on STS-95, where Senator John Glenn served as
a payload specialist. Lindsey also commanded Discovery will spend two days heading toward
STS-121, a return to flight mission in July 2006. its rendezvous with the International Space
Station. On the second day of the flight, the
Boe previously served as the pilot of STS-126 in crew will perform the standard scan of the
November 2008, which delivered a number of shuttle’s thermal protection system using the
supplies and new equipment to the station. orbiter boom sensor system attached to the end
Drew flew on STS-118 in August 2007, which of Discovery’s robotic arm. While the
delivered a piece of the station’s truss structure. inspection is underway, Kopra, Drew and Stott
Kopra, Barratt and Stott are all previous will work on preparing the spacesuits onboard
residents of the International Space Station. the shuttle that will be transferred to the station
Barratt served as a member of Expeditions 19 after docking and will be used during the
and 20, Kopra served as a member of mission’s two spacewalks.
On the third day of the flight, Discovery will starboard truss, right next to where the Alpha
approach and dock with the space station. Magnetic Spectrometer will be installed on
After the hatches are opened between the two STS-134. That mission also will deliver ELC3,
spacecraft, both crews will begin working on which will be the final logistics carrier installed
transferring items between the two vehicles. on the station. It will be positioned on the
Before the end of the day, they will use the upper outboard attachment point on the port
station’s robotic arm to retrieve ELC4 from side.
inside the shuttle’s payload bay and install it in
the lower inboard position on the starboard Flight day 4 will be focused on more transfer
side of the station’s truss structure. The cargo work, as well as preparations by Kopra and
carrier weighs 8,235 pounds. ELC1 and 2 were Drew for their spacewalk the next day. Both
placed on the on the station’s truss structure crews will walk through the choreography of
during STS-129. ELC1 is mounted on the lower the spacewalk, and both Kopra and Drew will
inboard position on the port side of the station. spend the night camped out inside the Quest
ELC2 is on the upper outboard side of the airlock.
NASA astronaut Alvin Drew, STS-133 mission specialist, participates in a spacesuit fit check in the
Space Station Airlock Test Article in the Crew Systems Laboratory at NASA’s Johnson Space
Center. Astronaut Nicole Stott, mission specialist, assists Drew.
NASA astronaut Michael Barratt, STS-133 mission specialist, shakes hands with Robonaut 2 (R2)
during media day in the Space Vehicle Mock-up Facility at NASA’s Johnson Space Center.
Ron Diftler, NASA Robonaut project manager, is at left.
Attired in a training version of his shuttle launch and entry suit, NASA astronaut Eric Boe,
STS-133 pilot, occupies the pilot’s seat during a simulation exercise in the motion-base shuttle
mission simulator in the Jake Garn Simulation and Training Facility at NASA’s
Johnson Space Center.
Space Shuttle Discovery lands on Runway 33 at the Shuttle Landing Facility at NASA’s
Kennedy Space Center in Florida at 9:08 a.m. (EDT) on April 20, 2010, completing the
15-day STS-131 mission to the International Space Station.
The STS-133 mission patch is based upon flame as if it is just beginning a mission.
sketches from the late artist Robert McCall; they However it is just the orbiter, without boosters
were the final creations of his long and or an external tank, as it would be at mission’s
prodigious career. In the foreground, a solitary end. This is to signify Discovery’s completion
orbiter ascends into a dark blue sky above a of its operational life and the beginning of its
roiling fiery plume. A spray of stars surrounds new role as a symbol of NASA’s and the
the orbiter and a top-lit crescent forms the nation’s proud legacy in human spaceflight.
background behind the ascent. The mission
number, STS-133, is emblazoned on the patch Short biographical sketches of the crew follow
center, and crew members’ names are listed on with more detailed biographies available at:
a sky-blue border around the scene. The shuttle http://www.jsc.nasa.gov/bios/.
Discovery is depicted ascending on a plume of
Steve Lindsey
Retired U.S. Air Force Colonel Steve Lindsey, cockpit council and chief of International Space
50, will serve as commander of STS-133. In his Station operations. His most recent position
role as commander, he will have overall was chief of the astronaut corps where he was
responsibility for the mission and will ensure responsible for the mission preparation
that all objectives are executed safely. activities of all space shuttle and International
Space Station crews and their support
Lindsey has performed several technical duties personnel.
that include working as the shuttle landing and
rollout representative, deputy for shuttle A veteran of four spaceflights, he has logged
operations, co-chairman of the space shuttle more than 1,203 hours in space.
Eric Boe, 46, a colonel in the U.S. Air Force, will operations branch and space shuttle branch.
serve as pilot of STS-133. For one year he served as NASA’s director of
operations at the Gagarin Cosmonaut Training
Selected by NASA in 2000, he completed two Center in Star City, Russia.
years of training and evaluation, then was
assigned technical duties in the astronaut office Boe first served as a pilot on STS-126, a 15-day
advanced vehicles branch, space station mission in November 2008.
In his second trip to space, Alvin Drew, 47, a Cosmonaut Training Center in Star City,
retired colonel in the U.S. Air Force, will serve Russia.
as a mission specialist on STS-133. Selected by
NASA in 2000 and after completing astronaut A command pilot, he has more than 25 years of
training, he was initially assigned technical experience and 3,500 hours of flying
duties in the astronaut office space station 30 different types of aircraft. The Washington,
operations branch. Drew then served as D.C., native logged more than 305 hours in
NASA’s director of operations at the Gagarin space during the STS-118 space shuttle mission
in August 2007.
Veteran of one long duration mission, operations and space station hardware testing.
Tim Kopra, 47, also will serve as a mission Following initial astronaut training, he served
specialist for the mission. in the space station branch of the astronaut
office. His first mission was as a flight engineer
Before his selection to the astronaut corps in during Expedition 20 in 2009. Kopra logged
2000, Kopra worked as a vehicle integration test two months in space, including one spacewalk
engineer where he primarily served as an during STS-127, the mission that brought him
engineering liaison for space shuttle launch to the station.
Dr. Michael Barratt, 51, will serve as a mission served as lead crew surgeon for first expedition
specialist on the STS-133 crew. crew to the space station from July 1998 until
selected as an astronaut candidate in 2000.
Barratt, a board certified physician in internal
and aerospace medicine, began his career in the He served numerous technical roles before
space program as a project physician with training for his first mission as a flight engineer
KRUG Life Sciences in 1991, and joined NASA on Expeditions 19 and 20 in 2009. During that
as a flight surgeon in 1992. From July 1995 mission, he acquired 199 days of spaceflight
through July 1998, he served as medical experience.
operations lead for the space station and then
Nicole Stott, 47, also joined the astronaut ranks the aircraft operations division, where she
after working at NASA. Stott initially joined served as a flight simulation engineer on the
NASA at the Kennedy Space Center in Florida, shuttle training aircraft.
serving numerous roles including vehicle
operations engineer, NASA convoy Stott, also selected as an astronaut in 2000, flew
commander, shuttle flow director for space her first mission in 2009 as a flight engineer for
shuttle Endeavour and orbiter project engineer the Expedition 20 and 21 crews, logging 91 days
for space shuttle Columbia. In 1998, she joined in space. Stott will serve as a mission specialist
the Johnson Space Center team as a member of on the STS-133 crew.
This graphic depicts the space shuttle Discovery’s payload bay for STS-133, which includes the
Permanent Multipurpose Module and the Express Logistics Carrier 4. The total payload
weight, not counting the middeck, is 22,160 pounds.
• Provide easy interfaces for future On the STS-133 mission, the PMM will carry
exploitation of the retained resources. 14 racks to the station – one experiment rack,
six resupply stowage platforms (RSPs),
• Provide a certified life extension for all five resupply stowage racks (RSRs), and
equipments and subsystems. two integrated stowage platforms (ISPs).
• Developed a software update to eliminate
The experiment rack carried in the PMM is the
faulty alarms.
Express Rack 8.
The Italian Space Agency contracted with
Thales Alenia Space, which also designed and PMM Specifications
built the three multi-purpose logistic modules, Dimensions: Length: 21 feet
to make the modifications. This module flew Diameter: 15 feet
seven times as Leonardo, the multipurpose
Payload Mass (launch): 27,160 pounds
logistics module. As the PMM module, this
Empty Weight: 9,672 pounds
will be its final flight and the last pressurized
element to be added to the U.S. operating
segment (USOS) of the station.
The International Space Station contains several unpressurized platforms that include
ELCs 1-4 and External Storage Platforms (ESP) 1-2.
The EATCS provides heat rejection capabilities Boeing has the responsibility under its
for pressurized modules and the main power Checkout, Assembly and Payload Processing
distribution electronics on the starboard 0, Services contract with NASA for payload
starboard 1 (S1) and port 1 (P1) trusses by a integration and processing for every major
closed-loop, actively controlled, coolant loop to payload that flies on each space shuttle flight.
maintain components at acceptable The Boeing PMM and ELC processing team
temperatures. Heat is transferred to the HRS provides all engineering and hands-on work
radiator via flowing liquid anhydrous including payload support, project planning,
ammonia. Hot ammonia flows through the receipt of payloads, payload processing,
radiator panels and heat is conducted from the maintenance of associated payload ground
ammonia tubes to the cooler panel surface and systems and logistics support. This includes
radiated to the “coldness” of deep space. integration of payloads into the space shuttle,
Flowing ammonia exits the HRS radiator at a test and checkout of the payload with the
cooler temperature so the closed-loop cycle orbiter systems, launch support and orbiter
may continue. The HRS radiator unit post-landing payload activities.
launching on ELC4 as part of the STS-133
mission is a spare, if needed, for one of the six
This graphic depicts the installed location of the PMM and ELC4 on the station.
Astronaut Tim Kopra is pictured during the first of five spacewalks on the International Space
Station by the STS-127 crew. Kopra, who was joined by astronaut Dave Wolf on this spacewalk,
holds onto a handrail on the Harmony node.
Following the failure of a pump module on the Kopra, the lead spacewalker for the mission,
International Space Station in August, the will wear a spacesuit marked with solid red
spacewalk plan for STS-133 underwent a major stripes, while Drew will wear an all-white
overhaul. What had been planned for spacesuit. These will be the second and third
noncritical tasks that simply had not yet found spacewalks for Kopra, who performed one
a home became a chance to finish up work spacewalk lasting 5 hours and 2 minutes during
started on the three unplanned spacewalks the STS-127 mission in July of 2009. It will be
conducted by Expedition 24 Flight Engineers Drew’s first time to venture outside the space
Tracy Caldwell Dyson and Doug Wheelock. station.
For the STS-133 mission, Mission Specialists When a spacewalk – also called extravehicular
Tim Kopra and Al Drew will spend 13 hours activity (EVA) for short – is being conducted,
outside the station on flight days 5 and 7. one crew member inside the International
When he is not assisting Kopra with the Afterward, Drew will move to the Tranquility
adapter plate, Drew will remove some node to remove some insulation covering
insulation from the avionics assembly on the electrical connectors. In the meantime, Kopra
new ExPRESS Logistics Carrier 4 and retrieve will have gotten off the robotic arm. Since he’ll
three sets of stowage bags from the CETA cart be in the vicinity, his next task will be to install
on the port side of the station’s truss system. a lens cover on the camera on the arm’s elbow
joint. The cover will protect the lens from any
erosion that might be caused by the thruster
Three new facilities will be delivered to the Mouse Immunology-2 will expand the
station for use in a variety of investigations: the knowledge base of the effects of space
Boiling Experiment Facility (BXF), which will environment on mammalian immunology and
support microgravity experiments on the heat provide fundamental knowledge for current
transfer and vapor removal processes in applications that form a foundation for future
boiling; the eighth Express rack, which will be long-duration space exploration missions.
installed in the Destiny laboratory, and the
Sleep-Wake Actigraphy and Light Exposure Shuttle Exhaust Ion Turbulence Experiments
During Spaceflight-Short (Sleep-Short) (SEITE), a Department of Defense experiment,
examines the effects of space flight on the uses space-based sensors to detect the
sleep cycles of the astronauts during space ionospheric turbulence inferred from the radar
shuttle missions. Advancing state-of-the-art observations from previous space shuttle
technology for monitoring, diagnosing and orbital maneuvering system burn experiments
assessing treatment of sleep patterns is vital to using ground-based radar. Principal
treating insomnia on Earth and in space. investigator: Paul A. Bernhardt, Naval
Charles A. Czeisler, Brigham and Women’s Research Laboratory, Washington D.C. (NASA)
Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Shuttle Ionospheric Modification with Pulsed
Mass. (NASA) Localized Exhaust Experiments (SIMPLEX), a
Technology Department of Defense experiment,
investigates plasma turbulence driven by rocket
Maui Analysis of Upper Atmospheric exhaust in the ionosphere using ground-based
Injections (MAUI), a Department of Defense radars. Principal investigator: Paul A.
experiment, observes the space shuttle engine Bernhardt, Naval Research Lab, Washington
exhaust plumes from the Maui Space D.C. (NASA)
The purpose of this DTO is to demonstrate the To understand how changes in physiological
capability to perform a manually controlled function affect functional performance, an
landing in the presence of a crosswind. The interdisciplinary pre- and postflight testing
testing is done in two steps. regimen called a Functional Task Test (FTT) has
been developed that systematically evaluates
1. Pre-launch: Ensure planning will allow both astronaut postflight functional
selection of a runway with microwave performance and related physiological changes.
scanning beam landing system support, The overall objective of the FTT is to identify
which is a set of dual transmitters located the key underlying physiological factors that
beside the runway providing precision contribute to performance of functional tests
navigation vertically, horizontally and that are representative of critical mission tasks.
longitudinally with respect to the runway.
This precision navigation subsystem helps This study will identify which physiological
provide a higher probability of a more systems contribute the most to impaired
precise landing with a crosswind of 10 to performance on each functional test. This will
15 knots as late in the flight as possible. allow us to identify the physiological systems
that play the largest roles in decrements in
2. Entry: This test requires that the crew overall functional performance. Using this
perform a manually controlled landing in information we can design and implement
the presence of a 90-degree crosswind countermeasures that specifically target the
component of 10 to 15 knots steady state. physiological systems most responsible for the
altered functional performance associated with
During a crosswind landing, the drag chute will
spaceflight.
be deployed after nose gear touchdown when
the vehicle is stable and tracking the runway For more information about this and other
centerline. DSOs, visit
38. STS-131 (April 5-20, 2010) Russian Mir space 1 (STS-91 June 1998)
6,232,235 miles station dockings
(STS-41 D) June 26, 1984 The countdown for Endeavour’s first launch
attempt ended 1.9 seconds before liftoff when
The countdown for the second launch attempt onboard computers detected higher than
for Discovery’s maiden flight ended at T-4 acceptable readings in one channel of a sensor
seconds when the orbiter’s computers detected monitoring the discharge temperature of the
a sluggish valve in main engine No. 3. The high pressure oxidizer turbopump in main
main engine was replaced and Discovery was engine No. 3. A test firing of the engine at the
finally launched on Aug. 30, 1984. Stennis Space Center in Mississippi on
Sept. 2, 1994, confirmed that a slight drift in a
(STS-51 F) July 12, 1985
fuel flow meter in the engine caused a slight
The countdown for Challenger’s launch was increase in the turbopump’s temperature. The
halted at T-3 seconds when onboard computers test firing also confirmed a slightly slower start
detected a problem with a coolant valve on for main engine No. 3 during the pad abort,
main engine No. 2. The valve was replaced and which could have contributed to the higher
Challenger was launched on July 29, 1985. temperatures. After Endeavour was brought
back to the Vehicle Assembly Building to be
outfitted with three replacement engines,
SPACE SHUTTLE MAIN ENGINES The main engines use a staged combustion
cycle so that all propellants entering the engines
Developed in the 1970s by NASA’s Marshall are used to produce thrust, or power, more
Space Flight Center, in Huntsville, Ala., the efficiently than any previous rocket engine. In
space shuttle main engine is the most advanced a staged combustion cycle, propellants are first
liquid-fueled rocket engine ever built. Every burned partially at high pressure and relatively
space shuttle main engine is tested and proven low temperature, and then burned completely
flight worthy at NASA’s Stennis Space Center at high temperature and pressure in the main
in south Mississippi, before installation on combustion chamber. The rapid mixing of the
an orbiter. Its main features include variable propellants under these conditions is so
thrust, high performance reusability, high complete that 99 percent of the fuel is burned.
redundancy and a fully integrated engine
controller. At normal operating level, each engine
generates 490,847 pounds of thrust, measured
The shuttle’s three main engines are mounted in a vacuum. Full power is 512,900 pounds of
on the orbiter aft fuselage in a triangular thrust; minimum power is 316,100 pounds of
pattern. Spaced so that they are movable thrust.
during launch, the engines are used, in
conjunction with the solid rocket boosters, to The engine can be throttled by varying the
steer the shuttle vehicle. output of the preburners, thus varying the
speed of the high-pressure turbopumps and,
Each of these powerful main engines is 14 feet therefore, the flow of the propellant.
long, weighs about 7,000 pounds and is 7.5 feet
in diameter at the end of its nozzle. At about 26 seconds into ascent, the main
engines are throttled down to 316,000 pounds
The engines operate for about 8.5 minutes of thrust to keep the dynamic pressure on the
during liftoff and ascent, burning more than vehicle below a specified level, about
500,000 gallons of super-cold liquid hydrogen 580 pounds per square foot, known as max q.
and liquid oxygen propellants stored in the Then, the engines are throttled back up to
external tank attached to the underside of the normal operating level at about 60 seconds.
shuttle. The engines shut down just before the This reduces stress on the vehicle. The main
DB Data Book
DC Docking Compartment
DCSU Direct Current Switching Unit
DDCU DC-to-DC Converter Unit
DEM Demodulator
DFL Decommutation Format Load
DIU Data Interface Unit
DMS Data Management System
DMS-R Data Management System-Russian
DPG Differential Pressure Gauge
DPU Baseband Data Processing Unit
DRTS Japanese Data Relay Satellite
DYF Display Frame
FA Fluid Accumulator
FAS Flight Application Software
FCT Flight Control Team
FD Flight Day
FDDI Fiber Distributed Data Interface
FDIR Fault Detection, Isolation, and Recovery
FDS Fire Detection System
FE Flight Engineer
FET-SW Field Effect Transistor Switch
I/F Interface
IAA Intravehicular Antenna Assembly
IAC Internal Audio Controller
IBM International Business Machines
ICB Inner Capture Box
ICC Integrated Cargo Carrier
ICS Interorbit Communication System
ICS-EF Interorbit Communication System - Exposed Facility
IDRD Increment Definition and Requirements Document
IELK Individual Equipment Liner Kit
IFHX Interface Heat Exchanger
IMCS Integrated Mission Control System
IMCU Image Compressor Unit
IMV Intermodule Ventilation
INCO Instrumentation and Communication Officer
IP International Partner
IP-PCDU ICS-PM Power Control and Distribution Unit
IP-PDB Payload Power Distribution Box
ISP International Standard Payload
ISPR International Standard Payload Rack
ISS International Space Station
ISSSH International Space Station Systems Handbook
ITCS Internal Thermal Control System
ITS Integrated Truss Segment
IV Intravehicular
IVA Intravehicular Activity
IVSU Internal Video Switch Unit
IWIS ISS Wireless Instrumentation System
LB Local Bus
LCA LAB Cradle Assembly
LCD Liquid Crystal Display
LED Light Emitting Diode
LEE Latching End Effector
LIDAR Light Intensification Detection and Ranging
LMC Lightweight MPESS Carrier
LSW Light Switch
LTA Launch-to-Activation
LTAB Launch-to-Activation Box
LTL Low Temperature Loop
MA Main Arm
MAUI Main Analysis of Upper-Atmospheric Injections
Mb Megabit
Mbps Megabit per second
MBS Mobile Base System
MBSU Main Bus Switching Unit
MCA Major Constituent Analyzer
MCC Mission Control Center
MCC-H Mission Control Center – Houston
MCC-M Mission Control Center – Moscow
MCDS Multifunction Cathode-Ray Tube Display System
MCS Mission Control System
MDA MacDonald, Dettwiler and Associates Ltd.
MDM Multiplexer/Demultiplexer
MDP Management Data Processor
MEC Master Event Controller
P/L Payload
PAL Protuberance Airload
PAM Payload Attach Mechanism
PAO Public Affairs Office
PAS Payload Adapter System
PBA Portable Breathing Apparatus
PCA Pressure Control Assembly
PCBM Passive Common Berthing Mechanism
PCN Page Change Notice
PCS Portable Computer System
PCU Power Control Unit
Plasma Contactor Unit
PDA Payload Disconnect Assembly
PDB Power Distribution Box
PDGF Power and Data Grapple Fixture
PDH Payload Data Handling unit
PDL Product Development Laboratory
PDRS Payload Deployment Retrieval System
PDU Power Distribution Unit
PEC Passive Experiment Container
PEHG Payload Ethernet Hub Gateway
PFE Portable Fire Extinguisher
PFRAM Passive Flight Releasable Attachment Mechanism
PGSC Payload General Support Computer
QD Quick Disconnect
S Starboard
SAFER Simplified Aid for EVA Rescue
SAM SFA Airlock Attachment Mechanism
SAME Smoke and Aerosol Measurement Experiment
SAPA Small Adapter Plate Assembly
SARJ Solar Alpha Rotary Joint
SASA S-Band Antenna Sub-Assembly
SCU Sync and Control Unit
SD Smoke Detector
SDS Sample Distribution System
SEDA Space Environment Data Acquisition equipment
SEDA-AP Space Environment Data Acquisition equipment - Attached Payload
SEITE Shuttle Exhaust Ion Turbulence Experiments
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Communications Director
757-864-6121
marny.skora@nasa.gov