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U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE • BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION PROGRAMS
21st-CenturyAgriculture
 
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE • BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL INFORMATION PROGRAMS
 
International Information Programs:
Coordinator Daniel Sreebny Executive Editor Jonathan MargolisCreative Director Michael Jay FriedmanEditor-in-Chie Richard W. Huckaby Managing Editor Charlene PorterProduction Manager Janine Perry Designer Chloe D. EllisCopy Editor Jeanne HoldenPhoto Editor Maggie Johnson SlikerCover Design David HamillReerence Specialist Anita Green
Cover:
 
Vast gardens surround a uturistic city in a 21st-century landscapeimagined by artist Kauko Helavuo.
The Bureau o International Inormation Programs o theU.S. Department o State publishes a monthly electronic journal under the
eJournal USA 
logo. These journalsexamine major issues acing the United States and theinternational community, as well as U.S. society, values,thought, and institutions.One new journal is published monthly in English and isollowed by versions in French, Portuguese, Russian, andSpanish. Selected editions also appear in Arabic, Chinese,and Persian. Each journal is catalogued by volume andnumber.The opinions expressed in the journals do not necessarily reect the views or policies o the U.S. government. TheU.S. Department o State assumes no responsibility orthe content and continued accessibility o Internet sitesto which the journals link; such responsibility residessolely with the publishers o those sites. Journal articles,photographs, and illustrations may be reproduced andtranslated outside the United States unless they carry explicit copyright restrictions, in which case permissionmust be sought rom the copyright holders noted in the journal.The Bureau o International Inormation Programsmaintains current and back issues in several electronicormats, as well as a list o upcoming journals, at
ttp://www.ameria.gov/publiations/ejournalusa.tml.
Comments are welcome at your local U.S. Embassy or atthe editorial ofces:Editor,
eJournal USA 
IIP/PUBJU.S. Department o State2200 C Street, NW  Washington, DC 20522-0501USA 
E-mail: eJournalUSA@state.gov
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF STATE / MARch 2010 VOLUME 15 / NUMBER 3 
ttp://www.ameria.gov/publiations/ejournalusa.tml 
© Getty Images
 
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1
H
umanity’s longest struggle has been the ongoingbattle, waged with dierent weapons ondierent ronts, adequately to eed itsel. TheBritish scholar Thomas Malthus (1766–1834) doubtedhumanity’s chances. Writing in 1798, he concluded that“the period when the number o men surpass their meanso subsistence has long since arrived.” The result, Malthuspredicted, would be “misery and vice.” On the whole,Malthus has been proven wrong, at least until now. Asthe India-born Nobel economics laureate Amartya Senpointed out in 1994, world population had by then grownnearly six times since Malthus irst published his “Essay on Population.” And yet per person ood consumptionhad increased, lie expectancies lengthened, and standardso living generally improved. A signiicant actor was the“Green Revolution,” pioneered by the agronomist andNobel peace laureate Norman Borlaug (1914–2009), aname that appears throughout these pages.But the contest between population and ood supply has not yet been deinitively won. “It took the worldpopulation millions o years to reach the irst billion,then 123 years to get to the second, 33 years to the third,14 years to the ourth, 13 years to the ith billion…” writes Sen. The human population today stands at anestimated 6.8 billion, o whom an estimated 1.02 billionare undernourished. How we ashion a 21st-century agriculture capable o eeding them is the subject o this
eJournal USA 
.The marriage o technical prowess and agriculturalskill promises advances on many ronts: a greaterabundance o ood, much o it more healthul, andavailable in a global marketplace that aords more o us access to this bounty. Agriculture even holds a key todelivering new orms o clean energy.The voices collected here include scientists,administration oicials, and Indian and American winners o the World Food Prize. All are united in whatDr. Borlaug in his Nobel acceptance speech called a“vast army” in the battle against hunger. More broadly,21st-century agriculture represents a noble applicationo our collective human ingenuity. May victory in thisstruggle come soon. 
— Te Editors 
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